CN106139946B - Denitration ammonia air mixing device - Google Patents
Denitration ammonia air mixing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106139946B CN106139946B CN201610652723.9A CN201610652723A CN106139946B CN 106139946 B CN106139946 B CN 106139946B CN 201610652723 A CN201610652723 A CN 201610652723A CN 106139946 B CN106139946 B CN 106139946B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
- B01F25/3131—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
- B01F2025/911—Axial flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
- B01F2025/919—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings characterised by the disposition of the feed and discharge openings
- B01F2025/9191—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings characterised by the disposition of the feed and discharge openings characterised by the arrangement of the feed openings for one or more flows, e.g. for the mainflow and the flow of an additional component
- B01F2025/91911—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings characterised by the disposition of the feed and discharge openings characterised by the arrangement of the feed openings for one or more flows, e.g. for the mainflow and the flow of an additional component with feed openings in the center of the main flow
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a denitration ammonia air mixing device, which comprises: one side of the mixer body is connected with an air inlet section, and the other side of the mixer body is connected with a mixed gas outlet section; the ammonia gas nozzle is close to the air inlet section, and the outlet section of the ammonia gas nozzle is consistent with the axis of the mixer body and is positioned at the center of the mixer body; the inner wall of the mixer body is provided with a plurality of guide vanes which are respectively arranged on two sides of the mixer body in a staggered manner; the edge of one side of the guide vane connected with the inner wall of the mixer body is provided with at least one through hole; the edge of one side of the guide vane, which is not connected with the inner wall of the mixer body, is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed slender grooves. The ammonia air mixer has the effect of uniformly mixing ammonia air, is simple in structure, easy to install, overhaul and maintain, low in pressure drop, capable of avoiding generating extra energy consumption, and capable of meeting the national requirement of the original purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction, and has great popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to the technical field of flue gas denitration treatment, and specifically relates to a denitration ammonia gas and air mixing device.
Background
Boilers burning fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, natural gas) generate a large amount of flue gas, which contains harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) which are a greenhouse gas and destroy the ozone layer. Direct harm to human health; participate in the formation of photochemical smog and acid rain, thereby causing environmental pollution; to reduce the environmental and human harm of NOx, the nation places increasingly stringent requirements on the concentration of NOx emissions in the flue gas produced by boilers. To achieve lower levels of NOx emissions and to mitigate and eliminate the harm of NOx to humans, the boiler flue gas is typically passed through a flue gas denitrator to remove a substantial portion of the NOx from the flue gas before it is discharged into the atmosphere.
Development and reform committee issued coal-electric energy conservation, emission reduction, upgrade and transformation action plan (2014-2020) severely controls atmospheric pollutant emission. A newly-built coal-fired power generating unit (including a unit which is built and projects and is brought into national thermal power construction planning) should be synchronously built with an advanced high-efficiency denitration facility, a flue gas bypass channel is not required to be arranged, and a denitration pollutant emission concentration limit value of the coal-fired power generating unit is newly built and modified (namely, the emission concentration of nitrogen oxides is not higher than 50 mg/cubic meter under the condition that the reference oxygen content is 6%). The emission concentration of air pollutants of newly-built coal-fired generating sets in eastern regions (11 cities of Liaoning, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan and the like) basically reaches the emission limit value of a gas turbine set (namely, the emission concentrations of smoke dust, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are respectively not higher than 10 mg/cubic meter, 35 mg/cubic meter and under the condition that the reference oxygen content is 6%). The newly built units in the middle area (8 provinces such as Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shanxi, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Jiangxi and the like) are close to or reach the emission limit of the gas turbine unit in principle, and the newly built units in the west area are encouraged to be close to or reach the emission limit of the gas turbine unit. And the synchronous development of the combined and synergistic removal of the atmospheric pollutants is supported, and the emission of pollutants such as sulfur trioxide, mercury, arsenic and the like is reduced.
Among the flue gas denitration treatment methods, the SCR method is the most widely applied method and has the advantages of large flue gas treatment amount, high efficiency, stable operation and the like. The SCR method is to arrange a catalyst required by denitration reaction at the tail part of a boiler, and the flue gas temperature is generally in a flue region of 290 ℃ and 420 ℃. The flue gas is fully mixed with a reducing agent (generally ammonia) sprayed into the flue before passing through the catalyst, and when the flue gas passes through the catalyst, NOx in the flue gas reacts with the reducing agent ammonia under the action of the catalyst to generate harmless N2And water, thereby removing NOx from the flue gas.
During the denitration reaction, ammonia is indispensable as a reducing agent. However, when the volume concentration of ammonia in the air reaches 16-25%, a II-type flammable and explosive mixture can be formed, and great potential safety hazards exist.
Therefore, the flue gas denitration system needs to be provided with a denitration ammonia air mixing system so as to ensure the safety of the ammonia and air mixture injected into the flue, and the ammonia is uniformly distributed in the mixer except that the concentration of the ammonia in the mixer is controlled to be far lower than the explosion lower limit. In addition, whether ammonia and air can be uniformly mixed becomes an important factor influencing the denitration efficiency of the SCR, so that the requirement on the adopted mixer is high.
The existing common ammonia air mixers are various in types, but have some defects and shortcomings, for example, some ammonia air mixers are poor in medium mixing uniformity; the pressure drop of some ammonia air mixers is large, so that extra fan power is required to be consumed, and the power consumption is improved; some of the devices have complex structures and are complex to manufacture, and are not beneficial to installation, overhaul and maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a denitration ammonia air mixing device, which can uniformly mix ammonia air and uniformly dilute ammonia gas injected into an inlet flue of a denitration reactor into an ammonia air mixed gas with an ammonia gas content of about 5%. Ensure that deNOx systems and host system can the steady operation, discharge nitrogen oxide up to standard for deNOx systems export and provide reliable prerequisite and guarantee. In addition, the device disclosed by the invention has the effect of uniformly mixing ammonia gas and air, is simple in structure, easy to install, overhaul and maintain, low in pressure drop, capable of avoiding generating extra energy consumption, and capable of meeting the national requirement of the original intention of energy conservation and emission reduction, and has a large popularization value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a denitration ammonia air mixing device comprises:
the mixer comprises a mixer body, wherein one side of the mixer body is connected with an air inlet section, and the other side of the mixer body is connected with a mixed gas outlet section;
the ammonia gas spray pipe extends into the mixer body and is close to the air inlet section, the spraying direction of the ammonia gas spray pipe points to the mixed gas outlet, and the outlet section of the ammonia gas spray pipe is consistent with the axis of the mixer body and is positioned at the center of the mixer body;
the inner wall of the mixer body is provided with a plurality of guide vanes which are respectively arranged on two sides of the mixer body in a staggered manner;
the edge of one side of the guide vane connected with the inner wall of the mixer body is provided with at least one through hole; the edge of one side of the guide vane, which is not connected with the inner wall of the mixer body, is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed slender grooves.
Further, the guide vanes and the inner wall of the mixer body form an included angle, and the included angle ranges from 60 degrees to 90 degrees. Preferably 75 deg..
Further, the axial spacing between adjacent guide vanes is equal, and is 0.45 to 0.65 times the width or diameter of the mixer body.
Further, the axial spacing between the guide vanes closest to the orifice of the ammonia gas nozzle is 7.5% to 15% of the width or diameter of the mixer body.
Further, a reference distance between two guide vanes closest to the nozzle of the ammonia gas nozzle is 0.45 to 0.65 times of the width or diameter of the mixer body; the distance between the adjacent guide vanes is sequentially increased along the injection direction of the ammonia gas nozzle, and the sequentially increased length is 10-15% of the reference distance.
Furthermore, the number of the through holes is odd and is not more than 7, and the through holes are uniformly distributed along the edge of one side of the guide vane connected with the inner wall of the mixer body.
Further, the open area of the through hole is 1.5 to 3.5 percent of the cross section of the inner wall.
Further, the number of the slots of the elongated slot on a single guide vane is 12 to 25.
Further, the length of the elongated slot is 5% to 8% of the width or diameter of the mixer body, and the width of the elongated slot is 1mm to 3.5 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the guide vane with simple structure can achieve the purpose of uniformly mixing air and ammonia gas. And through the reasonable inclination angle, the arrangement interval isoparametric that sets up guide vane, can obtain better vortex effect, can effectively reduce the pressure drop again to obtain best balance. In addition, the through holes arranged at the edges of the guide vanes can avoid dead angles of accessories on the inner wall of the mixer body, so that a better turbulent flow effect is obtained, impurities or liquid drops and the like can be prevented from accumulating at the mounting connection positions of the guide vanes, the automatic cleaning and clearing functions are realized, and the maintenance frequency and cost are reduced. In addition, the long and thin groove is formed, the ammonia sprayed out of the center of the mixer body can be quickly dispersed, and the uniform mixing of the ammonia and the air is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a denitration ammonia-air mixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has been processed in a sectional view.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a denitration ammonia-air mixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has been partially cut away.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ammonia gas nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide vane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, there is provided a denitration ammonia gas and air mixing device, including:
the mixer comprises a mixer body 1, wherein one side of the mixer body is connected with an air inlet section 4, and the air inlet section 4 is communicated with an air inlet 8; the other side is connected with a mixed gas outlet section 6; the mixed gas outlet section 6 is communicated with a mixed gas outlet 10;
the ammonia gas nozzle 2 extends into the mixer body 1 and is close to the air inlet section 4, the spraying direction of the ammonia gas nozzle 2 points to the mixed gas outlet 6, and the outlet section of the ammonia gas nozzle 3 is consistent with the axis of the mixer body 1 and is positioned at the center of the mixer body 1; as shown in fig. 2, the ammonia gas nozzle 2 comprises an ammonia gas inlet section 9, an elbow connection section 7 and an ammonia gas ejection section 3 which are connected in sequence. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the end of the ammonia gas spraying section 3 has a main nozzle, and the side wall of the ammonia gas spraying section 3 is uniformly provided with a plurality of auxiliary nozzles.
A plurality of guide vanes 5 are arranged on the inner wall of the mixer body 1, and the guide vanes 5 are respectively arranged on two sides of the mixer body 1 in a staggered manner;
a through hole is arranged on the edge of one side of each guide vane 5 connected with the inner wall of the mixer body 1; the edge of one side of the guide vane 5 which is not connected with the inner wall of the mixer body 1 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed slender grooves.
Wherein, each guide vane 5 forms an included angle alpha with the inner wall of the mixer body 1, and the included angle alpha is 60-90 degrees, preferably 75 degrees.
The axial spacing between adjacent guide vanes 5 is equal and is 0.45 to 0.65 times the width or diameter of the mixer body 1. The axial distance between the guide vanes nearest to the nozzle of the ammonia gas nozzle 2 is 7.5 to 15 percent of the width or diameter of the mixer body.
In other embodiments, a reference distance between two guide vanes closest to the nozzle of the ammonia gas nozzle is 0.45 to 0.65 times the width or diameter of the mixer body; the distance between the adjacent guide vanes is sequentially increased along the injection direction of the ammonia gas nozzle, and the sequentially increased length is 10-15% of the reference distance. The pressure of the injected ammonia gas, the injected air and the mixed gas of the ammonia gas and the air along the injection direction is gradually reduced, and the distance between the guide vanes is correspondingly gradually increased, so that the pressure change trend is adapted, and the overall pressure drop of the device is favorably reduced.
In other embodiments, the number of through holes is not limited to one, and is typically singular, not more than 7, and is uniformly distributed along the edge of the side where the guide vane is connected to the inner wall of the mixer body. The open area of all the through holes is 1.5 to 3.5 percent of the cross section of the inner wall. According to the calculation of simulation software, the aperture ratio does not influence the turbulent flow mixing effect, and impurities can be effectively prevented from accumulating at the joint of the guide vane and the inner wall.
With reference to fig. 5 and 6, the number of the slots of the elongated slot on the single guide vane is 12 to 25. The length of the elongated slot is 5% to 8% of the width or diameter of the mixer body, and the width of the elongated slot is 1mm to 3.5 mm. Through the slender grooves, ammonia gas, air and mixed gas of the ammonia gas and the air with the strongest pressure and the strongest wind speed in the radial central area of the mixer body can be combed, and the overall pressure drop is reduced on the basis of promoting mixing.
In other embodiments, the length of the elongated slot formed in each guide vane is inversely proportional to the distance between the guide vane and the ammonia gas nozzle. Similarly, because the pressure of the injected ammonia gas and air and the mixed gas of the ammonia gas and the air along the injection direction is gradually reduced, the length of the elongated slot is correspondingly gradually shortened, the pressure change trend is adapted, and the overall pressure drop of the device is favorably reduced.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aim of uniformly mixing air and ammonia gas can be achieved through the guide vanes with simple structures. And through the reasonable inclination angle, the arrangement interval isoparametric that sets up guide vane, can obtain better vortex effect, can effectively reduce the pressure drop again to obtain best balance. In addition, the through holes arranged at the edges of the guide vanes can avoid dead angles of accessories on the inner wall of the mixer body, so that a better turbulent flow effect is obtained, impurities or liquid drops and the like can be prevented from accumulating at the mounting connection positions of the guide vanes, the automatic cleaning and clearing functions are realized, and the maintenance frequency and cost are reduced. In addition, the long and thin groove is formed, the ammonia sprayed out of the center of the mixer body can be quickly dispersed, and the uniform mixing of the ammonia and the air is facilitated.
By using Fluent flow field simulation software and according to the structure building model described in the above embodiment, the ammonia air mixers with different specification parameters are simulated, so that a better mixing effect can be obtained, and the uniformity of the mixed gas is good. In addition, the pressure is respectively detected at the air inlet side and the mixed gas outlet side, and the pressure drop of the device described in the embodiment is reduced by 3 to 8 percent in different degrees compared with that of other existing ammonia gas-air mixers with similar specifications.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a denitration ammonia air mixing device which characterized in that includes:
the mixer comprises a mixer body, wherein one side of the mixer body is connected with an air inlet section, and the other side of the mixer body is connected with a mixed gas outlet section;
the ammonia gas spray pipe extends into the mixer body and is close to the air inlet section, the spraying direction of the ammonia gas spray pipe points to the mixed gas outlet, and the outlet section of the ammonia gas spray pipe is consistent with the axis of the mixer body and is positioned at the center of the mixer body;
the inner wall of the mixer body is provided with a plurality of guide vanes which are respectively arranged on two sides of the mixer body in a staggered manner;
the edge of one side of the guide vane connected with the inner wall of the mixer body is provided with at least one through hole; the edge of one side of the guide vane, which is not connected with the inner wall of the mixer body, is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed slender grooves.
2. The denitration ammonia air mixing device of claim 1, wherein the guide vanes form an included angle with the inner wall of the mixer body, and the included angle ranges from 60 ° to 90 °.
3. The denitrated ammonia air mixing device of claim 1, wherein the axial spacing between adjacent guide vanes is equal and is 0.45 to 0.65 times the width or diameter of the mixer body.
4. The denitrated ammonia air mixing device of claim 1, wherein the axial spacing between the guide vanes closest to the ammonia gas nozzle orifice is 7.5% to 15% of the width or diameter of the mixer body.
5. The denitrated ammonia gas and air mixing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a reference distance between two guide vanes nearest to the nozzle of the ammonia gas nozzle is 0.45 to 0.65 times the width or diameter of the mixer body; the distance between the adjacent guide vanes is sequentially increased along the injection direction of the ammonia gas nozzle, and the sequentially increased length is 10-15% of the reference distance.
6. The denitration ammonia air mixing device of claim 1, wherein the number of the through holes is singular, not more than 7, and is uniformly distributed along the edge of the side where the guide vane is connected with the inner wall of the mixer body.
7. The denitrated ammonia air mixing device according to claim 6, wherein the open area of the through holes is 1.5 to 3.5 percent of the cross-sectional area of the inner wall.
8. The denitration ammonia air mixing device of claim 1, wherein the number of the slots of the elongated slots on a single flow guide vane is 12 to 25.
9. The denitrated ammonia air mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the length of the elongated slot is 5% to 8% of the width or diameter of the mixer body, and the width of the elongated slot is 1mm to 3.5 mm.
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| CN201610652723.9A CN106139946B (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2016-08-10 | Denitration ammonia air mixing device |
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| CN201610652723.9A CN106139946B (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2016-08-10 | Denitration ammonia air mixing device |
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| CN106139946B true CN106139946B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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| CN112057713A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 德阳市人民医院 | Oxygen therapeutic machine capable of timing |
| CN112984502A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-18 | 杭州聚能环保科技股份有限公司 | Micro-discharge pulverized coal combustion system |
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| CN201179429Y (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-01-14 | 曾永健 | Alkaline air, air mixer |
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| CN206199038U (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-05-31 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of denitration ammonia air mixing device |
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| WO2005050104A1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-02 | Mayekawa Mfg.Co.,Ltd. | Ammonia/co2 refrigeration system, co2 brine production system for use therein, and ammonia cooing unit incorporating that production system |
| CN104084040A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-10-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Deflector set in SCR (selective catalytic reduction) flue gas denitrification reactor |
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2016
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1126106A (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1996-07-10 | 奥托孔普工程承包商公司 | Method and apparatus for forming controlled vortexes and for recirculating gas |
| CN201179429Y (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-01-14 | 曾永健 | Alkaline air, air mixer |
| CN103776013A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | CO boiler with ash removing function |
| CN205391760U (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-07-27 | 湖北源丰化工有限公司 | Ammonia -acid process compound fertilizer production uses high -efficient liquid ammonia evaporator |
| CN206199038U (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-05-31 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of denitration ammonia air mixing device |
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