CN106139259A - One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106139259A CN106139259A CN201610676520.3A CN201610676520A CN106139259A CN 106139259 A CN106139259 A CN 106139259A CN 201610676520 A CN201610676520 A CN 201610676520A CN 106139259 A CN106139259 A CN 106139259A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L31/082—Inorganic materials
- A61L31/088—Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L31/084 or A61L31/086
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/20—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing organic materials
- A61L2300/22—Lipids, fatty acids, e.g. prostaglandins, oils, fats, waxes
- A61L2300/222—Steroids, e.g. corticosteroids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/41—Anti-inflammatory agents, e.g. NSAIDs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/416—Anti-neoplastic or anti-proliferative or anti-restenosis or anti-angiogenic agents, e.g. paclitaxel, sirolimus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/45—Mixtures of two or more drugs, e.g. synergistic mixtures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/60—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a special physical form
- A61L2300/606—Coatings
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Abstract
The invention discloses one and there is drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, following raw material be prepared: polycaprolactone, chitosan, collagen protein, medicine, nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide, dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine, gelatin, nano zirconium dioxide, hirudin, ethanol.There is described in the invention also discloses the preparation method of drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating.The blood vessel bracket coating of the present invention and the bond strength of matrix are up to 4.8 5.9MPa, high with the bond strength of rest body, blood vessel bracket coating degradation time is 68 86 days, and all can be degradable after 90 days, in degradation process, occurrence of large-area does not comes off and Swelling, stability, good biocompatibility simultaneously, no cytotoxicity, without blood coagulation and thrombosis, without any inflammatory reaction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biology medical material technical field, be specifically related to one and there is the painting of drug slow release function intravascular stent
Layer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In blood vessel intervention operation, such as endarterectomy, peripheral arterial access plasty, coronary angioplasty
And stenter to implant etc. is primarily used to treat arteriosclerosis obliterans, but the intravascular stent implanted causes restenosis, causes
Blood vessel is the most inaccessible, has the most also caused the bad problems such as such as blood vessel internal membrane damage, local inflammation reaction.In order to solve this
The problem often coating of coating load anti-inflammatory drug on the support implanted, fast yet with vascular blood flow, drug-carried coat
Be placed in the Ink vessel transfusing being exposed to quickly flowing, it is easy within the extremely short time by coating in the drug release of appendix go out, and
Damaged blood vessels not healing within the time that this is extremely short, the drug-carried coat therefore coated is big for the effect of suppression restenosis
Big reduction.Additionally, the drug-carried coat of the slow release of prior art, although have some improvement for alleviating part vascular restenosis,
But the problem such as can fall off, swelling in drug-carried coat degradation process, stability is the best, significantly limit its clinical should
With.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and there is drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating and preparation method thereof, to solve
At least one above-mentioned technical problem.
Technical scheme is come as follows:
One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, the raw material of following weight portion be prepared: polycaprolactone 24-37
Part, chitosan 12-25 part, collagen protein 7-16 part, medicine 2-8 part, nanometer Mg 2-6 part, nano titanium oxide 0.8-3.5 part,
Dendrobium polysaccharide 2-6 part, tea polyphenols 3.4-7 part, dopamine 2-6 parts, gelatin 8-13 part, nano zirconium dioxide 0.2-0.7 part, Hirudo
Element 1-5 part, ethanol 50-70 part;
Described medicine be in dexamethasone, camptothecine, Docetaxel, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii in vinegar alcohol, puerarin, rapamycin at least
A kind of.
In technique scheme, described medicine include weight ratio be the dexamethasone of 1:3:1:2:1.5, Docetaxel,
Vinegar alcohol, puerarin, rapamycin in Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii.
In technique scheme, described blood vessel bracket coating is used for being coated on intravascular stent, and its coating thickness is 5-30
Micron.
In technique scheme, the raw material of following weight portion it is prepared: polycaprolactone 28-35 part, chitosan 13-23
Part, collagen protein 8-14 part, medicine 3-7 part, nanometer Mg 2.6-5.4 part, nano titanium oxide 1.2-3 part, dendrobium polysaccharide 2.4-
5.6 parts, tea polyphenols 3.7-6.2 part, dopamine 2 .4-5 part, gelatin 8.5-12 part, nano zirconium dioxide 0.3-0.6 part, hirudin
1.8-4.4 part, ethanol 55-68 part.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is come as follows:
A kind of preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, including following preparation process:
Step 1) weighs raw material by above-mentioned weight portion;
Step 2) polycaprolactone, chitosan, gelatin, collagen protein are placed in the ethanol of half, heated and stirred is dissolved;
Step 3) adds dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine and hirudin, stirs;
Medicine is added in second half ethanol by step 4), is stirring evenly and then adding in step 3), is uniformly mixed;
Nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide and nano zirconium dioxide are added in step 4) by step 5), are uniformly dispersed, standing and defoaming,
Obtain.
In technique scheme, in step 2) described in heated and stirred temperature be 50-70 DEG C.
In technique scheme, include dexamethasone that weight ratio is 1:3:1:2:1.5, many at medicine described in step 4)
Vinegar alcohol, puerarin, rapamycin in alkene paclitaxel, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the invention have the benefit that
The blood vessel bracket coating of the present invention and the bond strength of matrix are up to 4.8-5.9MPa, with the bond strength of rest body
Height, mechanical property meets use requirement.Additionally, the blood vessel bracket coating degradation time of the present invention be behind 68-86 days, and 90 days all
Can be degradable, in degradation process, occurrence of large-area does not comes off and Swelling, good stability.It addition, above-mentioned intravascular stent is coated with
The good biocompatibility of layer, no cytotoxicity, without blood coagulation and thrombosis, without any inflammatory reaction.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.Following example are used for the present invention is described,
But it is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, the raw material of following weight portion be prepared: polycaprolactone 24 parts,
Chitosan 12 parts, collagen protein 7 parts, medicine 2 parts, nanometer Mg 2 parts, nano titanium oxide 0.8 part, dendrobium polysaccharide 2 parts, tea polyphenols
3.4 parts, dopamine 2 part, 8 parts of gelatin, nano zirconium dioxide 0.2 part, HV1 part, ethanol 50 parts;
Described medicine includes that weight ratio is vinegar alcohol in the dexamethasone of 2:1:4:5, camptothecine, Docetaxel, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii.
Described blood vessel bracket coating is used for being coated on intravascular stent, and its coating thickness is 5-30 micron.
A kind of preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, including following preparation process:
Step 1) weighs raw material by above-mentioned weight portion;
Step 2) polycaprolactone, chitosan, gelatin, collagen protein are placed in the ethanol of half, it is heated to 50 DEG C of stirring and dissolving;
Step 3) adds dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine and hirudin, stirs;
Medicine is added in second half ethanol by step 4), is stirring evenly and then adding in step 3), is uniformly mixed;
Nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide and nano zirconium dioxide are added in step 4) by step 5), are uniformly dispersed, standing and defoaming,
Obtain.
Embodiment 2
One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, the raw material of following weight portion be prepared: polycaprolactone 37 parts,
Chitosan 25 parts, collagen protein 16 parts, medicine 8 parts, nanometer Mg 6 parts, nano titanium oxide 3.5 parts, dendrobium polysaccharide 6 parts, tea are many
7 parts of phenol, dopamine 6 parts, 13 parts of gelatin, nano zirconium dioxide 0.7 part, hirudin 5 parts, ethanol 70 parts;
Described medicine includes that weight ratio is vinegar alcohol, puerarin, rapamycin in the Docetaxel of 4:3:1:6, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii.
Described blood vessel bracket coating is used for being coated on intravascular stent, and its coating thickness is 5-30 micron.
A kind of preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, including following preparation process:
Step 1) weighs raw material by above-mentioned weight portion;
Step 2) polycaprolactone, chitosan, gelatin, collagen protein are placed in the ethanol of half, it is heated to 70 DEG C of stirring and dissolving;
Step 3) adds dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine and hirudin, stirs;
Medicine is added in second half ethanol by step 4), is stirring evenly and then adding in step 3), is uniformly mixed;
Nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide and nano zirconium dioxide are added in step 4) by step 5), are uniformly dispersed, standing and defoaming,
Obtain.
Embodiment 3
One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, the raw material of following weight portion be prepared: polycaprolactone 28 parts,
Chitosan 13 parts, collagen protein 8 parts, medicine 3 parts, nanometer Mg 2.6 parts, nano titanium oxide 1.2 parts, dendrobium polysaccharide 2.4 parts, tea
Polyphenol 3.7 parts, dopamine 2 .4 part, 8.5 parts of gelatin, nano zirconium dioxide 0.3 part, HV1 .8 part, ethanol 55 parts;
Described medicine includes that weight ratio is vinegar alcohol, puerarin, rapamycin in the Docetaxel of 5:1:2:2, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii.
Described blood vessel bracket coating is used for being coated on intravascular stent, and its coating thickness is 5-30 micron.
A kind of preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, including following preparation process:
Step 1) weighs raw material by above-mentioned weight portion;
Step 2) polycaprolactone, chitosan, gelatin, collagen protein are placed in the ethanol of half, it is heated to 60 DEG C of stirring and dissolving;
Step 3) adds dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine and hirudin, stirs;
Medicine is added in second half ethanol by step 4), is stirring evenly and then adding in step 3), is uniformly mixed;
Nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide and nano zirconium dioxide are added in step 4) by step 5), are uniformly dispersed, standing and defoaming,
Obtain.
Embodiment 4
One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, the raw material of following weight portion be prepared: polycaprolactone 35 parts,
Chitosan 23 parts, collagen protein 14 parts, medicine 7 parts, nanometer Mg 5.4 parts, nano titanium oxide 3 parts, dendrobium polysaccharide 5.6 parts, tea
Polyphenol 6.2 parts, dopamine 5 parts, 12 parts of gelatin, nano zirconium dioxide 0.6 part, hirudin 4.4 parts, ethanol 68 parts;
Described medicine includes that weight ratio is the dexamethasone of 2:2:5, Docetaxel, puerarin.
Described blood vessel bracket coating is used for being coated on intravascular stent, and its coating thickness is 5-30 micron.
A kind of preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, including following preparation process:
Step 1) weighs raw material by above-mentioned weight portion;
Step 2) polycaprolactone, chitosan, gelatin, collagen protein are placed in the ethanol of half, it is heated to 65 DEG C of stirring and dissolving;
Step 3) adds dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine and hirudin, stirs;
Medicine is added in second half ethanol by step 4), is stirring evenly and then adding in step 3), is uniformly mixed;
Nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide and nano zirconium dioxide are added in step 4) by step 5), are uniformly dispersed, standing and defoaming,
Obtain.
Embodiment 5
One has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, the raw material of following weight portion be prepared: polycaprolactone 31 parts,
Chitosan 18 parts, collagen protein 11 parts, medicine 5 parts, nanometer Mg 4 parts, nano titanium oxide 2.1 parts, dendrobium polysaccharide 4 parts, tea are many
5 parts of phenol, dopamine 3.7 parts, 10.2 parts of gelatin, nano zirconium dioxide 0.4 part, hirudin 3.1 parts, ethanol 61 parts;
Described medicine include weight ratio be vinegar alcohol in the dexamethasone of 1:3:1:2:1.5, Docetaxel, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii, puerarin,
Rapamycin.
Described blood vessel bracket coating is used for being coated on intravascular stent, and its coating thickness is 5-30 micron.
A kind of preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, including following preparation process:
Step 1) weighs raw material by above-mentioned weight portion;
Step 2) polycaprolactone, chitosan, gelatin, collagen protein are placed in the ethanol of half, it is heated to 50-70 DEG C of stirring molten
Solve;
Step 3) adds dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine and hirudin, stirs;
Medicine is added in second half ethanol by step 4), is stirring evenly and then adding in step 3), is uniformly mixed;
Nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide and nano zirconium dioxide are added in step 4) by step 5), are uniformly dispersed, standing and defoaming,
Obtain.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1: without dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols and nanometer Mg.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1: without gelatin, dopamine and collagen protein.
Performance test
The blood vessel bracket coating preparing embodiment 1 to 5 and comparative example 1,2 carries out correlated performance, and its test result is:
Anchoring strength of coating/MPa | Coating degradation time/sky | Whether Swelling during degraded | Whether come off during degraded | |
Embodiment 1 | 4.8 | 68 | No | No |
Embodiment 2 | 5.1 | 76 | No | No |
Embodiment 3 | 5.3 | 79 | No | No |
Embodiment 4 | 5.7 | 82 | No | No |
Embodiment 5 | 5.9 | 86 | No | No |
Comparative example 1 | 4.1 | 57 | Slightly | No |
Comparative example 2 | 4.3 | 61 | No | Slightly |
As seen from the above table, the blood vessel bracket coating of the present invention and the bond strength of matrix are up to 4.8-5.9MPa, with rest body
Bond strength high, mechanical property meets use requirement.Additionally, the blood vessel bracket coating degradation time of the present invention is 68-86 days,
And all can be degradable after 90 days, in degradation process, occurrence of large-area does not comes off and Swelling, good stability.It addition, it is above-mentioned
The good biocompatibility of blood vessel bracket coating, no cytotoxicity, without blood coagulation and thrombosis, without any inflammatory reaction.
Claims (7)
1. one kind has drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, it is characterised in that be prepared by the raw material of following weight portion:
Polycaprolactone 24-37 part, chitosan 12-25 part, collagen protein 7-16 part, medicine 2-8 part, nanometer Mg 2-6 part, nanometer titanium dioxide
Titanium 0.8-3.5 part, dendrobium polysaccharide 2-6 part, tea polyphenols 3.4-7 part, dopamine 2-6 parts, gelatin 8-13 part, nano zirconium dioxide
0.2-0.7 part, HV1-5 parts, ethanol 50-70 part;
Described medicine be in dexamethasone, camptothecine, Docetaxel, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii in vinegar alcohol, puerarin, rapamycin at least
A kind of.
The most according to claim 1 have drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, it is characterised in that described medicine includes
Weight ratio is vinegar alcohol, puerarin, rapamycin in the dexamethasone of 1:3:1:2:1.5, Docetaxel, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii.
The most according to claim 1 have drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, it is characterised in that described intravascular stent
Coating is used for being coated on intravascular stent, and its coating thickness is 5-30 micron.
The most according to claim 1 have drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating, it is characterised in that by following weight portion
Raw material be prepared: polycaprolactone 28-35 part, chitosan 13-23 part, collagen protein 8-14 part, medicine 3-7 part, nanometer Mg
2.6-5.4 part, nano titanium oxide 1.2-3 part, dendrobium polysaccharide 2.4-5.6 part, tea polyphenols 3.7-6.2 part, dopamine 2 .4-5
Part, gelatin 8.5-12 part, nano zirconium dioxide 0.3-0.6 part, HV1 .8-4.4 part, ethanol 55-68 part.
5. the preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating as described in claim 1-4 is arbitrary, its feature exists
In, including following preparation process:
Step 1) weighs raw material by above-mentioned weight portion;
Step 2) polycaprolactone, chitosan, gelatin, collagen protein are placed in the ethanol of half, heated and stirred is dissolved;
Step 3) adds dendrobium polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, dopamine and hirudin, stirs;
Medicine is added in second half ethanol by step 4), is stirring evenly and then adding in step 3), is uniformly mixed;
Nanometer Mg, nano titanium oxide and nano zirconium dioxide are added in step 4) by step 5), are uniformly dispersed, standing and defoaming,
Obtain.
The preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
Step 2) described in heated and stirred temperature be 50-70 DEG C.
The preparation method with drug slow release function blood vessel bracket coating the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
Medicine described in step 4) includes that weight ratio is vinegar alcohol, Pueraria lobota in the dexamethasone of 1:3:1:2:1.5, Docetaxel, Radix Tripterygii Wilfordii
Root element, rapamycin.
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Cited By (7)
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