CN106138745B - 一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂及其制备方法,由中药原料制成,按重量份数计,原料药包括:黄精18~24份;黄芪28~32份;蛤蚧18~24份;白芨8~14份;川贝母18~22份;西洋参18~22份;辛夷26~34份;薄荷26~32份;白芷26~34份;细辛18~24份;款冬花18~22份;紫苏18~26份;黄芩8~12份;金银花8~12份;蜜蜂巢16~22份。补肺益肾,芳香化湿。快速治愈鼻炎,不易复发。该中药制剂的制备方法是将原料药清理后切碎、烘干、研磨后制成。或者通过将药性不同的原料药分别通过浓缩、研磨、提取芳香油,最后混合制成。制备方法简单易行,各项参数可控,易于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体而言,是一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
鼻炎(含鼻窦炎、过敏性鼻炎)是一种因肺、脾、肾虚弱、风寒或风热之邪入侵所致的鼻腔粘膜感染性疾病。临床上以发作性鼻塞、鼻痒、喷嚏、流涕头痛头晕、记忆力减退及鼻甲肿大为主要症状的一种常见病、多发病。
中医认为,鼻炎,其病因为外感寒热之邪,伤于皮毛,肺气不利,壅塞鼻窍而致。肺开窍于鼻,肺和则鼻窍通利,嗅觉灵敏;肺气不足,卫阳不固,则易受邪毒侵袭,失去清肃功能,以致邪滞鼻窍;或饥饱劳倦,损伤脾胃,脾气虚弱,运化不健,失去升清降浊之职;湿浊滞留鼻窍,壅阻脉络,气血运化不畅而致鼻窍窒塞;又体虚之人,正不胜邪,外邪易侵犯鼻窍,邪毒久遏,阻于脉络,以致气滞血瘀,鼻塞加重。
现用于治疗或缓解鼻炎的中成药及西药约有600多种,但分析其原理,几乎都是针对病灶设计的,基本上没有能够完全治愈的药物,大多数均只有一定的缓解作用,不能够完全治疗鼻炎;其次,有的西药以激素为主,长期应用还有副作用。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂的组方特征遵循了中医独特的观念,以补肺益肾,芳香化湿,散风邪,通鼻窍。快速治愈鼻炎,不易复发。
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种所述的中药制剂的制备方法,该制备方法简单易行,各项参数可控,可操作性强,在保持药效的前提下,易于工业化生产,并且通过本发明提供的制备方法制备出来的中药制剂的疗效更佳,同时还便于服用。
为了实现本发明的上述目的,特采用以下技术方案:
一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,中药制剂为由原料药制成的药剂,按重量份数计,原料药包括以下主料:
黄精18~24份;黄芪28~32份;蛤蚧18~24份;白芨8~14份;川贝母18~22份;西洋参18~22份;辛夷26~34份;薄荷26~32份;白芷26~34份;细辛18~24份;款冬花18~22份;紫苏18~26份;黄芩8~12份;金银花8~12份;及蜜蜂巢16~22份。
一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法:将原料药清理后切碎、烘干、研磨粉碎得粉料,将粉料制成中药制剂。
一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花及金银花清理后切碎,用水提取,浓缩得到干浸膏;将蛤蚧、川贝、西洋参及蜜蜂巢清理后烘干,研磨得到粉料;将辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛和紫苏提取芳香油,将干浸膏、芳香油与粉料混合并制成膏剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:该中药制剂遵循中医“君臣佐使”的组方原则,其中君药是黄精、黄芪、蛤蚧;臣药是川贝母、西洋参、白芨;佐药是辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏、款冬花;使药是黄芩、金银花。组方主要以补肺益肾,芳香化湿,散风邪为主。能够快速治愈鼻炎,不易复发。
方中,黄精,补气养阴、健脾、润肺、益肾;黄芪补肺气、益脾气、以发挥益气固表;加之蛤蚧能补肺益肾、纳气平喘、助阳益精,能提高机体免疫功能,因此共为君药。川贝母,清热化痰、润肺止咳、散结消肿;西洋参,补气养阴、清热生津;白芨,收敛止血;以辅助君药补益肺气,故为臣药。辛夷,辛温发散、芳香透窍、其性上达、升达清气、有散风邪,通鼻窍之功;薄荷,宣散风热、清利头目;紫苏解表散风;白芷散风、排脓止痛;细辛,解表散寒、祛风止痛、通窍,温肺化痰;款冬花,止咳平喘药,归肺经,润肺下气,止咳平喘;六者配伍芳香化湿,解毒消肿,以佐助臣、臣化湿浊,增强宣散风邪之功为佐药。黄芩,清热燥湿、泻火解毒;金银花,清热解毒、疏散风热;提高组方的抗菌能力,为使药。
其次,本发明提供的制备方法简单易行,各项参数可控,可操作性强,在保证药效的前提下,易于工业化生产,并且通过本发明提供的制备方法制备出来的中药制剂的疗效更佳,同时还便于服用。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
本发明提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,中药制剂为由原料药制成的药剂,按重量份数计,原料药包括以下主料:黄精18~24份;黄芪28~32份;蛤蚧18~24份;白芨8~14份;川贝母18~22份;西洋参18~22份;辛夷26~34份;薄荷26~32份;白芷26~34份;细辛18~24份;款冬花18~22份;紫苏18~26份;黄芩8~12份;金银花8~12份;及蜜蜂巢16~22份。
优选的,上述黄精为20份,黄芪为30份,蛤蚧为20份,白芨为10份,川贝母为20份,西洋参为20份,辛夷为30份,薄荷为30份,白芷为30份,细辛为20份,款冬花为20份,紫苏为20份,黄芩为10份,金银花为10份,及蜜蜂巢为20份。
该中药制剂遵循中医“君臣佐使”的组方原则,君药是黄精、黄芪、蛤蚧;臣药是川贝母、西洋参、白芨;佐药是辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏、款冬花;使药是黄芩、金银花。组方主要以补肺益肾,芳香化湿,散风邪为主。
其中,黄精、黄芪与蛤蚧补气养阴、健脾、润肺、益肾,现代药理研究表明,能提高机体免疫功能,增强淋巴细胞的功能。
川贝母、川贝母、西洋参与白芨能清热化痰、润肺止咳、散结消肿;以辅助补益肺气。
辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏、款冬花,能够芳香化湿,散风邪。此类中药对鼻粘膜有收敛和保护作用,使分泌物减少,局部微血管扩张,改善循环,促进分泌物吸收和炎症消退,局部应用有抗炎和镇痛的作用。
黄芩与金银花能够清热解毒,抑制多种致病菌的生长。同时蜜蜂巢也能够清热解毒、祛风消肿,治疗鼻窦炎。
进一步地,在本发明较佳的实施例中,所述原料药还包括粘合剂。优选地,粘合剂为蜂蜜,蜂蜜为主料总重量的10%~20%,蜂蜜不仅可以起到粘结的作用,还具有一定的防腐性,其次,使用在95~110℃下炼制后的蜂蜜能够使中药制剂疗效更佳。
在本发明较佳的实施例中,上述药剂为汤剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、散剂、片剂或者胶囊剂。将药物组合物制成上述制剂,方便该药物组合物的存储、运输、以及便于患者服用。
本发明提供一种将上述中药制剂的制备方法:将原料药清理后切碎、烘干、研磨粉碎得粉料,将粉料制成中药制剂。该制备方法简单易行,各项参数可控,可操作性强。
进一步地,在本发明较佳的实施例中,烘干的步骤分成两部分进行,将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花和金银花在90~105℃下烘干,将蛤蚧、川贝母、西洋参、辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏、黄芩、金银花及蜜蜂巢在70~80℃下烘干。药性不同的原料药在不同的温度下进行烘干,可保留原料药中的更多的药用活性成分。
本发明还提供了另一种上述中药制剂的制备方法:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花及金银花清理后切碎,用水提取,浓缩得到干浸膏;将蛤蚧、川贝、西洋参及蜜蜂巢清理后烘干,研磨得到粉料;将辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛和紫苏提取芳香油,将干浸膏、芳香油与粉料混合并制成膏剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。直接提取得到原料药的干浸膏与芳香油,可进一步地得到纯度更高的药物活性成分,并且还能避免一些不清楚的中药成分的存在,防止产生副作用。
优选地,粉料粒度为500-800目,粉末粒径越小,患者越容易吸收,见效越快。
进一步地,在本发明较佳的实施例中,原料药还包括粘合剂,粘合剂为主料总重量的10%~20%,将粘合剂加入粉料中制得膏剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。优选地,粘合剂为蜂蜜。
需要说明的是,在制备中药制剂的片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂时还可以加入利于制备或增强患者吸收等的辅料,比如崩解剂等。
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的散剂,原料药包括:黄精18g,黄芪28g,蛤蚧18g,白芨12g,川贝母18g,西洋参18g,辛夷28g,薄荷26g,白芷28g,细辛18g,款冬花18g,紫苏18g,黄芩8g,金银花9g,及蜜蜂巢16g。
该散剂的制备方法为:将上述黄芪、蛤蚧、白芨、川贝母、西洋参、辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、款冬花、紫苏、黄芩、金银花及蜜蜂巢清理后切碎、烘干、研磨粉碎成粉,得到散剂。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的散剂,原料药包括:黄精20g,黄芪30g,蛤蚧20g,白芨10g,川贝母20g,西洋参20g,辛夷30g,薄荷30g,白芷30g,细辛20g,款冬花20g,紫苏20g,黄芩10g,金银花10g,及蜜蜂巢20g。
该散剂的制备方法为:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花、金银花在100℃下烘干后研磨成第一粉料,将蛤蚧、川贝母、西洋参、辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏、黄芩、金银花及蜜蜂巢在80℃下烘干后研磨成第二粉料,将第一粉料与第二粉料混合得到第三粉料,将第三粉料用超微粉碎机粉碎后制得粒径为800目的散剂。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的丸剂,原料药包括主料与粘合剂。主料为:黄精22g,黄芪30g,蛤蚧20g,白芨10g,川贝母20g,西洋参20g,辛夷30g,薄荷30g,白芷30g,细辛20g,款冬花20g,紫苏20g,黄芩10g,金银花10g,及蜜蜂巢20g。粘合剂为蜂蜜50.6g。
该丸剂的制备方法为:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花、金银花在90℃下烘干后研磨成第一粉料,将蛤蚧、川贝母、西洋参、辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏、黄芩、金银花及蜜蜂巢在70℃下烘干后研磨成第二粉料,将第一粉料与第二粉料混合得到第三粉料,将第三粉料用超微粉碎机粉碎后过700目筛,得到散剂。再将蜂蜜与散剂混合,用传统工艺制成丸剂。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的胶囊剂,原料药包括主料与粘合剂。主料为:黄精24g,黄芪32g,蛤蚧22g,白芨14g,川贝母21g,西洋参21g,辛夷34g,薄荷32g,白芷34g,细辛24g,款冬花22g,紫苏26g,黄芩9g,金银花8g,及蜜蜂巢22g。粘合剂为淀粉69g。
该胶囊剂的制备方法为:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花、金银花在105℃下烘干后研磨成第一粉料,将蛤蚧、川贝母、西洋参、辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏、黄芩、金银花及蜜蜂巢在75℃下烘干后研磨成第二粉料,将第一粉料与第二粉料混合得到第三粉料,将第三粉料用超微粉碎机粉碎后过500目筛,得到散剂。再将羧甲基纤维素钠与散剂混合制粒,最后装入胶囊壳中得到胶囊剂。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的丸剂,原料药包括主料和粘合剂。主料包括:黄精18g,黄芪28g,蛤蚧18g,白芨12g,川贝母18g,西洋参18g,辛夷28g,薄荷26g,白芷28g,细辛18g,款冬花18g,紫苏18g,黄芩8g,金银花9g,及蜜蜂巢16g。粘合剂包括蜂蜜28.1g。
该丸剂的制备方法为:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花及金银花清理后切碎,用水提取,浓缩得到干浸膏;将蛤蚧、川贝、西洋参及蜜蜂巢清理后烘干,研磨得到第三粉料;将第三粉料用超微粉碎机粉碎过600目筛后得到第四粉料;将辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏提取芳香油,将干浸膏、芳香油与第四粉料混合,再加入蜂蜜,制成丸剂。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的膏剂,原料药主料和粘合剂。主料包括:黄精20g,黄芪30g,蛤蚧20g,白芨10g,川贝母20g,西洋参20g,辛夷30g,薄荷30g,白芷30g,细辛20g,款冬花20g,紫苏20g,黄芩10g,金银花10g,及蜜蜂巢20g。粘合剂为蜂蜜43.4g。
该膏剂的制备方法为:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花及金银花清理后切碎,用水提取,浓缩得到干浸膏;将蛤蚧、川贝、西洋参及蜜蜂巢清理后烘干,研磨得到第三粉料;将第三粉料用超微粉碎机粉碎过800目筛后得到第四粉料;将辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏提取芳香油,将干浸膏、芳香油与第四粉料混合,再加入蜂蜜制成膏剂。
实施例7
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的胶囊剂,原料药包括:黄精19g,黄芪28.5g,蛤蚧19g,白芨9.5g,川贝母19g,西洋参19g,辛夷28.5g,薄荷28.5g,白芷28.5g,细辛19g,款冬花19g,紫苏19g,黄芩9.5g,金银花9.5g,及蜜蜂巢19g。
该胶囊剂的制备方法为:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花及金银花清理后切碎,用水提取,浓缩得到干浸膏;将蛤蚧、川贝、西洋参及蜜蜂巢清理后烘干,研磨得到第三粉料;将第三粉料用超微粉碎机粉碎过750目筛后得到第四粉料;将辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏提取芳香油,将干浸膏、芳香油与第四粉料混合后制粒,装入胶囊壳中制成胶囊剂。
实施例8
本实施例提供一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂为由原料药制成的片剂,原料药包括主料与粘合剂。主料:黄精24g,黄芪32g,蛤蚧22g,白芨14g,川贝母21g,西洋参21g,辛夷34g,薄荷32g,白芷34g,细辛24g,款冬花22g,紫苏26g,黄芩9g,金银花8g,及蜜蜂巢22g。粘合剂为羧甲基纤维素钠69g。
该片剂的制备方法为:将黄精、黄芪、白芨、黄芩、款冬花及金银花清理后切碎,用水提取,浓缩得到干浸膏;将蛤蚧、川贝、西洋参及蜜蜂巢清理后烘干,研磨得到第三粉料;将第三粉料用超微粉碎机粉碎过500目筛后得到第四粉料;将辛夷、薄荷、白芷、细辛、紫苏提取芳香油,将干浸膏、芳香油与第四粉料混合,再加入羧甲基纤维素钠后压片制成片剂。
典型病例1
张某,男,18岁,长期鼻塞,流鼻涕不止,常打喷嚏;在重庆医科大学附属医院等均诊断为慢性鼻炎,经5-6年不断治疗无效;后改为服用本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂,3-4天即痊愈,又巩固服药2天,至今7年未复发。
典型病例2
李某,女,45岁,经常流鼻涕,打喷嚏,导致常常头昏脑胀,经多家医院诊断为鼻炎,久治不愈。服用本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂,5天后完全好了,所有症状消失,至今6年未复发。
典型病例3
袁某,女,42岁,患鼻炎8年,经常流鼻涕,鼻塞,遇到空气不好的地方,喷嚏不断,感觉听力下降等;服本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂,4天后症状消失,后再服2天,痊愈,至今4年未复发。
典型病例4
韩某,女,58岁,患慢性鼻炎12年,主要症状是鼻塞,流鼻涕,间或嗅觉减退,不辨气味,头痛、头昏,说话呈闭塞性鼻音,因多方医治无效,已放弃治疗;后服用本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂,连续6天后痊愈,至今5年未复发。
典型病例5
郭某,男,9岁,患鼻炎3年,主要症状是经常鼻塞,流鼻涕,常常咽喉疼痛,导致学习注意力不集中等;服用本发明实施例5提供的用于治疗鼻炎的丸剂后,4天痊愈,至今2年未复发。
典型病例6
潘某,男,26岁,患鼻炎5年多,症状主要有经常出现鼻塞、流清涕、鼻痒等症状,会出现精神不振、易倦、头昏、头疼、记忆力减退、鼻塞、涕多等症状,近期检查已经发生鼻息肉,医生建议手术。服本本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂7天,每天三次,每次10克后痊愈。流鼻涕、鼻塞、鼻痒等症状完全消失,精神面貌很好,十分高兴。
典型病例7
李某,女,26岁,患鼻炎4年,主要是遇冷(冬天、空调下、晚上等)发作,流鼻涕、鼻塞、打喷嚏等,有时一上电脑,擦鼻涕的纸一大堆。服用本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂5天后痊愈。半年未复发。
典型病例8
叶某,女,39岁,遇冷空气即流鼻涕,鼻塞,鼻痛等,经鼻腔电镜检查为鼻炎;患病5年;服用本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂一周后,症状完全消失。
典型病例9
唐某,男,14岁,患鼻炎4年,主要症状是流鼻涕、鼻塞,鼻痒,打喷嚏等;服用本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂5天后康复,至今近1年未复发。
典型病例10
李某,女,67岁,患鼻炎20余年,主要症状是鼻塞、鼻痛、流鼻涕,头痛,耳痛,鼻涕有时候如脓状,多年来十分难受,曾经花4万多元动手术治疗鼻炎,但效果只好了约3个月,后感觉更加难受;服本本发明实施例2提供的用于治疗鼻炎的散剂一周后,完全康复,鼻塞、鼻痛、流鼻涕,头痛,耳痛等完全消失。至今2年未复发。
以上所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂为由原料药制成的药剂,按重量份数计,所述原料药的主料由以下组分组成:
黄精18~24份;黄芪28~32份;蛤蚧18~24份;白芨8~14份;川贝母18~22份;西洋参18~22份;辛夷26~34份;薄荷26~32份;白芷26~34份;细辛18~24份;款冬花18~22份;紫苏18~26份;黄芩8~12份;金银花8~12份;及蜜蜂巢16~22份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述黄精为20份,所述黄芪为30份,所述蛤蚧为20份,所述白芨为10份,所述川贝母为20份,所述西洋参为20份,所述辛夷为30份,所述薄荷为30份,所述白芷为30份,所述细辛为20份,所述款冬花为20份,所述紫苏为20份,所述黄芩为10份,所述金银花为10份,及所述蜜蜂巢为20份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述原料药还包括粘合剂,所述粘合剂为所述主料总重量的10%~20%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述粘合剂为蜂蜜。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述药剂为丸剂、散剂、片剂、胶囊剂或者膏剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述原料药清理后切碎、烘干、研磨粉碎得粉料,将所述粉料制成所述中药制剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述烘干的步骤分成两部分进行,将所述黄精、所述黄芪、所述白芨、所述黄芩、所述款冬花和所述金银花在90~105℃下烘干,将所述蛤蚧、所述川贝母、所述西洋参、所述辛夷、所述薄荷、所述白芷、所述细辛、所述紫苏、所述黄芩、所述金银花及所述蜜蜂巢在70~80℃下烘干。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述黄精、所述黄芪、所述白芨、所述黄芩、所述款冬花及所述金银花清理后切碎,用水提取,浓缩得到干浸膏;将所述蛤蚧、所述川贝、所述西洋参及所述蜜蜂巢清理后烘干,研磨得到粉料;将所述辛夷、所述薄荷、所述白芷、所述细辛和所述紫苏提取芳香油,将所述干浸膏、所述芳香油与所述粉料混合并制成膏剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
9.根据权利要求6或8所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述粉料粒度为500-800目。
10.根据权利要求6或8所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述原料药还包括粘合剂,所述粘合剂为所述主料总重量的10%~20%,将所述粘合剂加入所述粉料中制成膏剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用于治疗鼻炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述粘合剂为蜂蜜。
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