CN106120506A - Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design - Google Patents
Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design Download PDFInfo
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- CN106120506A CN106120506A CN201610498669.7A CN201610498669A CN106120506A CN 106120506 A CN106120506 A CN 106120506A CN 201610498669 A CN201610498669 A CN 201610498669A CN 106120506 A CN106120506 A CN 106120506A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, including step: one, hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold sets；Two, soil body latent heat calculates: calculate the soil body latent heat of constructed permafrost area embankment；Three, hot pin radiation parameter scope determines: according to set hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold and combine soil body latent heat, is determined hot pin radiation parameter scope；Four, hot rod structure parameter and laying spacing determine: hot pin radiation parameter scope determined by according to, select hot pin, and combine the structural parameters of selected hot pin, the hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment is laid spacing and is determined.The inventive method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, using effect is good, according to predetermined soil body latent heat, and is determined hot rod structure parameter used by the hot-mix recycling of Permafrost Area and laying spacing based on principle of energy balance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to road foundation technical field of construction, especially relate to a kind of based on principle of energy balance freeze for many years
Soil district hot-mix recycling Parameters design.
Background technology
Ever-frozen ground refers under natural endowment, and frozen state continues 3 years or the soil of more than 3 years.Ever-frozen ground about takes up an area
The 26% of ball land surface, is mainly distributed on the cold district of high latitude or High aititude.China's ever-frozen ground there are about 1,900,000 squares
Kilometer, is mainly distributed on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, Daxing'an Mountainrange and Xiaoxing'an Mountains, and Altai Mountains, Tianshan Mountains, the Qilian mountains and happiness horse
Draw the mountain regions such as refined mountain.Biphase gravity type thermosiphon, also referred to as hot pin, is a kind of heat transfer element novel, efficient, and it relies primarily on
The air-liquid phase transformation of internal working medium and gravity reflux transmission heat.Hot pin is a kind of effect thermal conductive high being made up of seam-less carbon steel pipe
Device, has the unidirectional heat transfer property of uniqueness: heat can only transmit from upper end earthward, lower end, ground, reversely can not conduct heat.Heat
Rod top (i.e. heat release section, also referred to as condensation segment) is directly imbedded equipped with fin, the bottom (i.e. endotherm section, also referred to as evaporator section) of hot pin
In ever-frozen ground, between condensation segment and evaporator section, it is usually arranged as adiabatic section.
Hot pin technology, as a kind of " active cooling measure ", is widely used in cold district road engineering.Existing
Entity project monitoring show, hot pin technology has important work for the stability ensureing Permafrost Area road engineering
With.But, due to hot pin internal structure and the complexity of heat transfer mechanism, at present for the work process of hot pin, cooling usefulness
Research need to strengthen.The selection existing case history of substantially foundation and experience especially for hot-mix recycling key parameter
Determine, not by these parameters and frozen soil geological conditions and climatic factor's opening relationships, main thought still based on experience,
Go bail for and keep value construction, to be onstructed complete after, then detect the temperature field of roadbed, investigate the cooling-down effect of hot pin, belong to " knowing afterwards " type
Mentality of designing.This situation be result in and is difficult to, previously according to concrete engineering condition, be set hot-mix recycling by quantitative Analysis
Meter, carries out Accurate Prediction to its stability, thus limits its popularization and application.To sum up, scientific and reasonable design hot-mix recycling,
Farthest play its effect, still need and want the research of " foreknowledge type ", and at present this respect is still lacked the summary of more system.
It is therefore proposed that the hot-mix recycling Parameters design of system, relatively accurately calculate the key design parameter determining hot-mix recycling,
Just become an important and urgent job.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of based on energy
The Permafrost Area hot-mix recycling Parameters design of equilibrium principle, its method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient,
Using effect is good, according to predetermined soil body latent heat, and based on principle of energy balance to hot pin road, Permafrost Area
Hot rod structure parameter used by base and laying spacing are determined.
For solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of based on principle of energy balance for many years
Frozen Ground Area hot-mix recycling Parameters design, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold set: sentence the hot pin heat dissipation capacity of constructed permafrost area embankment
Disconnected threshold value c is set；Wherein, c=0.05～0.5；
Step 2, soil body latent heat calculate: according to structural parameters and the residing district of constructed permafrost area embankment
The weather conditions in territory, the soil body latent heat Q to constructed permafrost area embankmentL' calculate, QL' unit be J；
Step 3, hot pin radiation parameter scope determine: according to hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold c set in step one,
And the soil body latent heat Q calculated in integrating step twoL', the hot pin needed for constructed permafrost area embankment is dissipated
Thermal parameter scope is determined；
Wherein, hot pin radiation parameter scope is hot pin heat dissipation capacity scope QFWOr hot pin heat radiation power scope PFW；
QFW=Qm～QM；Qm=QL, QM=(1+c) × QL；QmAnd QMUnit be J；
PFW=Pm～PM；PM=(1+c) × PL；PmAnd PMUnit be W；T is ever-frozen ground of being constructed
Effective time and its unit of area roadbed hot pin in a year are s；
Wherein, QLFor single hot pin heat dissipation capacity design load andWherein n=1 or 2；When constructed ever-frozen ground ground
When district's roadbed only lays hot pin in roadbed side, n=1；When constructed permafrost area embankment all lays heat in roadbed both sides
During rod, n=2；
Step 4, hot rod structure parameter and lay spacing and determine, process is as follows: dissipate according to hot pin determined by step 3
Thermal parameter scope, selects the hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankment, and combines selected hot pin
Structural parameters, lay spacing r to the hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankmentfIt is determined；Hot pin lays spacing rfDetermine
After, heat radiation power P or heat dissipation capacity Q to hot pin selected in constructed permafrost area embankment are determined, and make Pm＜ P
＜ PMOr Qm＜ Q ＜ QM；Wherein Q=P × t；
When the heat radiation power P of hot pin selected in constructed permafrost area embankment or heat dissipation capacity Q are determined, first
Thermal resistance R to hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankmentaWith the soil body in constructed permafrost area embankment
Thermal resistance RSIt is determined respectively, RaAnd RSUnit be DEG C/W；R determined by further according toaAnd RS, and according to formulaHeat radiation power P or heat dissipation capacity Q to selected hot pin are determined, and the unit of P is the unit of W, Q
For J；In formula (1), TSBy the mean annual cost in region residing for construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be DEG C, TaFor
The average temperature of the whole year in region residing for constructed permafrost area embankment and its unit are DEG C.
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: step
Carry out before hot pin radiation parameter scope determines in three, first according to the weather bar in region residing for constructed permafrost area embankment
Part, is determined the effective time t of hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment 1 year；Wherein, constructed for many years
Frozen Ground Area roadbed in 1 year the effective time t of hot pin by cold in the region residing for permafrost area embankment 1 year of being constructed
The total time in season.
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: step by step
In rapid two, the structural parameters according to constructed permafrost area embankment and the weather conditions in residing region, frozen for many years to constructing
The soil body latent heat Q of soil district roadbedLWhen calculating, according to formula QL=L0·ρd·w·A·d·103(2) count
Calculate；In formula (2), L0For frozen water latent heat of phase change and L0=334kJ/kg, ρdBy the soil body in construction permafrost area embankment
Dry density and its unit are kg/m3, w by the moisture content of the soil body or ice content in construction permafrost area embankment, A is by being executed
The thaw bowl area of work permafrost area embankment and its unit are m2, d=1m.
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: to public affairs
When A described in formula (2) calculates, according to formulaCalculate；In formula (3), l is by being constructed
The roadbed base widths of permafrost area embankment and its unit are m, Δ H by annual the melting of construction permafrost area embankment
Change the degree of depth and its unit is m.
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: to public affairs
When Δ H described in formula (3) calculates, according to formula Δ H=[(a1TS+b1)H+(a2TS+b2)]·tM+[(a3TS+b3)H+
(a4TS+b4)] (4) calculate；In formula (4), H by the height of construction permafrost area embankment, a1=-0.008, a2
=0.103, a3=0.356, a4=-0.378, b1=0.004, b2=0.234, b3=-0.277, b4=0.549, tMBy being executed
The service time of work permafrost area embankment and its unit are year, TSBy region residing for construction permafrost area embankment
Mean annual cost and its unit are DEG C.
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: step
Thermal resistance R to hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankment in fouraTime, according to formulaEnter
Row calculates；
In formula (5), ACOFor selected hot pin condensation segment cross sectional area and
ACOUnit be m2；Wherein, d0For the external diameter of selected hot pin, diFor the internal diameter of selected hot pin, lCCold for selected hot pin
Solidifying segment length, n is the radiating fin number of selected hot pin, d0、diAnd lCUnit be m；
αaFor selected hot pin condensation segment external heat-exchanging coefficient andIn formula (7), λfFor selected
The coefficient of heat conduction of the fin of hot pin and its unit are W/ (m K),Its
In,For spacing of fin and the ratio of fin height of selected hot pin,For the ratio of spacing of fin with fin thickness, RefFor institute
Select hot pin extraneous air Reynolds number andWherein ρfBy the district residing for permafrost area embankment that constructed
The density of territory air, μfBy the dynamic viscosity of regional air residing for construction permafrost area embankment, vfFrozen for many years by constructing
The extraneous wind speed in region residing for soil district roadbed；PrfFor selected hot pin extraneous air Prandtl number andIts
Middle CfFor air specific heat.
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: step
To laying spacing r of hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment in fourfWhen being determined, according to formulaIt is determined；In formula (8), L0For frozen water latent heat of phase change
And L0=334kJ/kg；Wherein d0External diameter and its unit for selected hot pin are m；λ is ever-frozen ground ground of being constructed
In district's roadbed, the coefficient of heat conduction and its unit of the soil body are W/ (m K)；FI is region residing for permafrost area embankment of being constructed
Freezing index and its unit be a DEG C sky.
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: described
'sIn formula (9), t0By cold season in region residing for construction permafrost area embankment 1 year
Initial time, t1By termination time of cold season in region residing for construction permafrost area embankment 1 year, t' express time and
T'=t0～t1, the unit of t' is sky；| T'| is by per day in cold season in the region residing for permafrost area embankment 1 year of being constructed
Temperature is the daily mean temperature in each sky of the negative value number of degrees (DEG C).
Above-mentioned Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, is characterized in that: step
To thermal resistance R of the soil body in constructed permafrost area embankment in fourSWhen being determined, according to formulaPublic
In formula (10), λ by construction permafrost area embankment the coefficient of heat conduction of the soil body and its unit be W/ (m K), L be institute
Selecting the hot pin degree of depth in the soil body and its unit is m.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, method step is simple, reasonable in design and realizes simplicity, and input cost is relatively low.
2, input cost is low and uses easy and simple to handle, hence it is evident that simplify Permafrost Area hot-mix recycling parameter designing mistake
Journey, substantially reduces the hot-mix recycling parameter designing cycle, greatly reduces hot-mix recycling parameter designing cost.
3, workable, mainly include that hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold sets, soil body latent heat calculates, hot pin heat radiation
Parameter area determines and hot rod structure parameter and lay spacing and determine four steps, and considers Permafrost Area gas
As, geological conditions and engineering demand, according to the hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold being pre-designed, and combine soil body latent heat and calculate
Calculate with the heat conductive efficiency of selected hot pin, based on principle of energy balance obtain hot pin design parameter (include structural parameters and
Lay spacing).
First, first calculate the thaw bowl area formed under the hot-mix recycling of Permafrost Area, and base area layer parameter obtains
Eliminate the energy required for this thaw bowl, it is considered to after certain safety stock, obtain energy design value (the i.e. soil body thawing of hot pin
Latent heat), soil body latent heat with for ensureing that consumption cold required for subgrade stability is consistent and itself and thaw bowl under elimination roadbed
Consumption cold needed for area is consistent, thus based on principle of energy balance, using soil body latent heat as energy design value, and combines
The hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold c being pre-designed carries out hot-mix recycling parameter designing.Design process is specific as follows: according to setting in advance
The hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold c of meter, to the relation between heat dissipation capacity and the energy design value of hot pin, and combines hot rod structure ginseng
Count and lay the relation of spacing and heat dissipation capacity, carry out judging and being finally calculated the hot-mix recycling being suitable to meet energy design value
Parameter (includes the structural parameters of hot pin and lays spacing).
4, using effect is good and practical value high, based on principle of energy balance, to ensure that subgrade in permafrost soil zone is stable required
Frozen soil foundation energy balance state be design object, solve existing permafrost region hot-mix recycling based on experience, lack quantitatively
The problem of design, it is achieved that scientific, the parametrization of hot-mix recycling calculation of design parameters process.The present invention solves to be frozen for many years
Soil district hot-mix recycling calculation of design parameters problem, in conjunction with features such as the meteorology in design section, geology, engineering structures, by heat
The heat conductive efficiency of rod calculates, frozen earth roadbed thaw bowl calculates and judges that optimization etc. determines the structural parameters of hot pin and lays spacing
Deng key design parameter.Thus, use the present invention can obtain scientific and reasonable previously according to meteorological, geological conditions and design requirement
Hot-mix recycling design parameter, the design for Frozen Ground Area hot-mix recycling applies offer to support.
5, widely applicable and popularizing application prospect is extensive, cannot be only used for Permafrost Area newly-built hot-mix recycling engineering, also
Can be used for the old road Disease Treatment engineering utilizing hot pin to carry out, the investment of effectively save whole highway engineering.
In sum, the inventive method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, using effect is good, according to the most true
Fixed soil body latent heat, and based on principle of energy balance to hot rod structure parameter and cloth used by the hot-mix recycling of Permafrost Area
If spacing is determined.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the monthly mean temperature matching schematic diagram in region residing for the constructed permafrost area embankment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of based on principle of energy balance Permafrost Area hot-mix recycling Parameters design as shown in Figure 1, bag
Include following steps:
Step one, hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold set: sentence the hot pin heat dissipation capacity of constructed permafrost area embankment
Disconnected threshold value c is set；Wherein, c=0.05～0.5；
Step 2, soil body latent heat calculate: according to structural parameters and the residing district of constructed permafrost area embankment
The weather conditions in territory, the soil body latent heat Q to constructed permafrost area embankmentL' calculate, QL' unit be J；Its
In, described soil body latent heat be 1 year in by ensure construction permafrost area embankment stability needed for consumption cold
Amount；
Step 3, hot pin radiation parameter scope determine: according to hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold c set in step one,
And the soil body latent heat Q calculated in integrating step twoL', the hot pin needed for constructed permafrost area embankment is dissipated
Thermal parameter scope is determined；
Wherein, hot pin radiation parameter scope is hot pin heat dissipation capacity scope QFWOr hot pin heat radiation power scope PFW；
QFW=Qm～QM；Qm=QL, QM=(1+c) × QL；QmAnd QMUnit be J；
PFW=Pm～PM；PM=(1+c) × PL；PmAnd PMUnit be W；T is ever-frozen ground of being constructed
Effective time and its unit of area roadbed hot pin in a year are s；
Wherein, QLFor single hot pin heat dissipation capacity design load andWherein n=1 or 2；When constructed ever-frozen ground ground
When district's roadbed only lays hot pin in roadbed side, n=1；When constructed permafrost area embankment all lays heat in roadbed both sides
During rod, n=2；
Step 4, hot rod structure parameter and lay spacing and determine, process is as follows: dissipate according to hot pin determined by step 3
Thermal parameter scope, selects the hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankment, and combines selected hot pin
Structural parameters, lay spacing r to the hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankmentfBeing determined, hot pin lays spacing and institute
The effective radius of influence selecting hot pin is consistent；Hot pin lays spacing rfAfter determining, to institute in constructed permafrost area embankment
The heat radiation power P or heat dissipation capacity Q that select hot pin are determined, and make Pm＜ P ＜ PMOr Qm＜ Q ＜ QM；Wherein Q=P × t；
When the heat radiation power P of hot pin selected in constructed permafrost area embankment or heat dissipation capacity Q are determined, first
Thermal resistance R to hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankmentaWith the soil body in constructed permafrost area embankment
Thermal resistance RSIt is determined respectively, RaAnd RSUnit be DEG C/W；R determined by further according toaAnd RS, and according to formulaHeat radiation power P or heat dissipation capacity Q to selected hot pin are determined, and the unit of P is the unit of W, Q
For J；In formula (1), TSBy the mean annual cost in region residing for construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be DEG C, TaFor
The average temperature of the whole year in region residing for constructed permafrost area embankment and its unit are DEG C.
Hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold c described in step one is the upper limit threshold of hot pin heat dissipation capacity design, and c is
A numerical value in 0.05～0.5；The heat dissipation capacity of what c represented is selected hot pin exceeds actual calorific requirement (i.e. QL) degree.
In the present embodiment, step 3 is carried out before hot pin radiation parameter scope determines, first according to constructed ever-frozen ground
The weather conditions in region residing for the roadbed of area, to the effective time t of hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment 1 year
It is determined；Wherein, constructed permafrost area embankment in 1 year the effective time t of hot pin be ever-frozen ground of being constructed
The total time of cold season in 1 year of region residing for the roadbed of area.
Wherein, region residing for constructed permafrost area embankment in 1 year the time started of cold season be denoted as t0, and cold season
End time be denoted as t1。
In the present embodiment, to laying spacing r of hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment in step 4fIt is determined
Time, according to formulaIt is determined；In formula (8), L0
For frozen water latent heat of phase change and L0=334kJ/kg；Wherein d0External diameter and its unit for selected hot pin are m；λ is by being executed
In work permafrost area embankment, the coefficient of heat conduction and its unit of the soil body are W/ (m K)；FI is Permafrost Area of being constructed
The freezing index in region residing for roadbed and its unit are a DEG C sky.Wherein, the coefficient of heat conduction is also referred to as heat conductivity.
Thus, before step 4 carrying out hot rod structure parameter and laying spacing, first to constructed Permafrost Area road
The freezing index FI (i.e. local freezing index FI) in region residing for base is determined.
Wherein, describedIn formula (9), t0By being constructed residing for permafrost area embankment
Region is the initial time of cold season, t in 1 year1By in region residing for construction permafrost area embankment 1 year during the termination of cold season
Between, t' express time and t'=t0～t1, the unit of t' is sky；| T'| is region one residing for permafrost area embankment that constructed
In year, in cold season, daily mean temperature is the daily mean temperature in each sky of the negative value number of degrees (DEG C).
According to the definition of freezing index, freezing index refers within a freezing period, and daily mean temperature is the negative value number of degrees
Day by day the accumulated value of (DEG C).Thus, FI is from t0To t1In this freezing period, daily mean temperature is tiring out day by day of the negative value number of degrees (DEG C)
Product value.
In the present embodiment, the structural parameters according to constructed permafrost area embankment and the gas in residing region in step 2
Time condition, the soil body latent heat Q to constructed permafrost area embankmentLWhen calculating, according to formula QL=L0·ρd·
w·A·d·103(2) calculate；In formula (2), L0For frozen water latent heat of phase change and L0=334kJ/kg, ρdMany by being constructed
In the roadbed of year Frozen Ground Area, dry density and its unit of the soil body are kg/m3, w by the soil body in construction permafrost area embankment
Moisture content or ice content, A by the thaw bowl area of construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be m2, d=1m.
Further, when the A described in formula (2) is calculated, according to formulaCalculate；Public
In formula (3), l by the roadbed base widths of construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be m, Δ H is frozen for many years by constructing
Thaw depth and its unit that soil district roadbed is annual are m.
In the present embodiment, when the Δ H described in formula (3) is calculated, according to formula Δ H=[(a1TS+b1)H+
(a2TS+b2)]·tM+[(a3TS+b3)H+(a4TS+b4)] (4) calculate；In formula (4), H is ever-frozen ground ground of being constructed
The height of district's roadbed, a1=-0.008, a2=0.103, a3=0.356, a4=-0.378, b1=0.004, b2=0.234, b3
=-0.277, b4=0.549, tMBy service time of construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be year, TSBy being constructed
The mean annual cost in region residing for permafrost area embankment and its unit are DEG C.
Time actually used, described Δ H can also enter according to the geological mapping data of constructed permafrost area embankment
Row determines.
In the present embodiment, thermal resistance R to hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankment in step 4aTime, root
According to formulaCalculate；
In formula (5), ACOFor selected hot pin condensation segment cross sectional area and
ACOUnit be m2；Wherein, d0For the external diameter of selected hot pin, diFor the internal diameter of selected hot pin, lCCold for selected hot pin
Solidifying segment length, n is the radiating fin number of selected hot pin, d0、diAnd lCUnit be m；
αaFor selected hot pin condensation segment external heat-exchanging coefficient andIn formula (7), λfFor selected
The coefficient of heat conduction and its unit of selecting the fin of hot pin are W/ (m K),
Wherein,For spacing of fin and the ratio of fin height of selected hot pin,For the ratio of spacing of fin with fin thickness, RefFor
The Reynolds number of selected hot pin extraneous air andWherein ρfBy being constructed residing for permafrost area embankment
The density of regional air, μfBy the dynamic viscosity of regional air residing for construction permafrost area embankment, vfBy being constructed for many years
The extraneous wind speed in region residing for the roadbed of Frozen Ground Area；PrfFor selected hot pin extraneous air Prandtl number and
Wherein CfFor air specific heat.Described sfFor the spacing of fin of selected hot pin, HCFor the fin height of selected hot pin, δfFor
The fin thickness of selected hot pin.Wherein, ρfUnit be kg/m3, μfFor N s/m2, vfUnit be m/s.CfBy being constructed
The specific heat of regional air residing for permafrost area embankment.
In the present embodiment, to thermal resistance R of the soil body in constructed permafrost area embankment in step 4SWhen being determined,
According to formulaIn formula (10), λ by the conduction of heat system of the soil body in construction permafrost area embankment
Number and its unit are that W/ (m K), L are the selected hot pin degree of depth in the soil body and its unit is m.
As shown in the above, before using the present invention to carry out Permafrost Area hot-mix recycling parameter designing, first carry out
Basic data is collected, and collected basic data mainly includes three below aspect: the first, road structure parameter；The second, executed
The geologic parameter of work permafrost area embankment；3rd, the meteorologic parameter in region residing for constructed permafrost area embankment.
Wherein, road structure parameter includes roadbed base widths l of constructed permafrost area embankment, is constructed for many years
The height H of Frozen Ground Area roadbed, the thaw depth Δ H etc. of constructed permafrost area embankment, the most also need being constructed many
The service time t of year Frozen Ground Area roadbedMCarry out really with the coefficient of heat conduction λ of the soil body in constructed permafrost area embankment
Fixed.
Geologic parameter includes mean annual cost TS, geological mapping data, stratum thermophysical parameter etc..
Meteorologic parameter includes average temperature of the whole year Ta, daily mean temperature data or monthly mean temperature data, local atmospheric pressure,
Local atmospheric density, local air specific heat, local the atmospheric heat coefficient of conductivity, annual mean wind speed etc..Meanwhile, also need being constructed many
Initial time t of cold season in 1 year of region residing for the roadbed of year Frozen Ground Area0, region one residing for constructed permafrost area embankment
The termination time t of cold season in year1Carry out respectively with the effective time t of hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment 1 year
Determine.
The structural parameters of hot pin described in step 4 include total length, outside diameter d0, internal diameter di, condensation segment length lC, radiating fin
The ratio of sheet number n, spacing of fin and fin heightThe ratio of spacing of fin and fin thicknessThe thunder of hot pin extraneous air
Promise number Ref, hot pin degree of depth L etc. in the soil body, and also need to be to the coefficient of heat conduction λ of the fin of described hot pinfIt is determined.
When the actual structural parameters to described hot pin are determined, according to gb specification hot pin GB/T27880-2011, right
The structural parameters of selected hot pin are determined.
In the present embodiment, constructed permafrost area embankment is Qinghai Province's republicanism to cajaput (knot Gu) highway with Cha Laping
The roadbed in area, region residing for this roadbed belongs to tableland landforms, and physical features is flatter, and vegetation development is good, and pasture and water marsh is relatively
For growing, humic thicker soil.Formation lithology is mainly rubble.Frozen soil is reticulated structure, and common stratiform ice, freezing strength is inclined
Low, Fu Bing, full frost soil (ice content is about 30%～40%), average temperature of the whole year is about-3.5 DEG C～-4.0 DEG C, annual wind
Speed is about 4.0m, and mean annual cost is about-0.5 DEG C～1.0 DEG C, and natural permafrost table 1.2～1.8m, hight-ice-content permafrost thickness is
1.9m～8.7m.
During as in figure 2 it is shown, the freezing index FI in region residing for constructed permafrost area embankment is determined, the most right
The monthly mean temperature T in region residing for constructed permafrost area embankmentyueIt is fitted, Tyue=-3.749+11.6 × sin (-
0.5001·t-1.443).Accordingly, calculating freezing index FI is 1992.22 DEG C of skies.
Further, the formation lithology data of constructed permafrost area embankment, refers to table 1.
Table 1 formation lithology data sheet
The height H of constructed permafrost area embankment is 2.0m, and mean annual cost is about-0.5 DEG C～-1.0 DEG C, frozen soil
Anthropogenic heating will be degenerated with the speed of 13.4cm/～19.8cm/ (capping value) and be declined, constructed Permafrost Area road
The roadbed base widths of base is 18.0m.According to formula (3), calculate the thaw bowl area of constructed permafrost area embankmentThus, need the thaw bowl area A=2.38m of lifting every year2。
In the present embodiment, c=0.48.
During practice of construction, can according to specific needs the value size of c be adjusted accordingly.
In the present embodiment, calculate as ensureing that the consumption cold required for subgrade stability (is i.e. constructed according to formula (2)
The soil body latent heat Q of permafrost area embankmentL' for 2289.4MJ, and constructed permafrost area embankment presses bilateral
Hot pin designs, n=2, and QL=1144.7MJ.
According to the typical temperature condition of common beautiful Highways ', dead season, temperature on average was-10.3 DEG C, and mean annual cost is-0.5
DEG C～-1.0 DEG C (taking off limit value), the effective time of hot pin is the last ten-days period in March of the annual the first tenday period of a month in October to next year, about 5
Individual month, the most single hot pin power demand was:
Thus, Pm=PL=83.3W, PM=(1+c) × PL=123.3W, thus hot pin heat radiation power scope PFW=Pm～PM
=83.3W～123.3W.Further, to the hot rod structure parameter of selected hot pin and lay spacing be determined time, selected heat
The heat radiation power P of rod need to meet following condition: Pm＜ P ＜ PM,.I.e. 83.3W ＜ P ＜ 123.3W.
Step 4 carry out hot rod structure parameter and lays spacing when determining, using the method for examination choosing to be determined.This,
The a length of 12m of primary election hot pin, external diameter is 89mm, and internal diameter is 73mm.The wherein a length of 4m of condensation segment, a length of 2m in adiabatic section
(in order to penetrate roadbed body), a length of 6m of evaporator section, fin height is chosen as 3m, and the pitch of fin, height and base radius depend on
Choose, as shown in table 2 according to gb specification hot pin GB/T27880-2011.
Table 2 primary election hot rod structure parameter list
By primary election result, the area of dissipation of hot pin condenser is about 4.55m2, it is calculated thermal resistance R of hot pina=
0.01167℃/W.And the effective radius of influence calculating selected hot pin is 2.0m, accordingly, it is determined that selected hot pin
Laying spacing (i.e. longitudinal pitch) is 2.0m.Meanwhile, being calculated the thermal resistance of the soil body in heat transfer radius is RS=0.05050 DEG C/
W。
Finally, according to formula (1), the heat radiation power of primary election hot pin is calculated
Due to, the heat radiation power P ＞ P of selected hot pinM, then the heat radiation power P of selected hot pin is unsatisfactory for condition Pm＜ P
＜ PM, thus hot pin need to be selected separately.
Due to the mainly condenser bigger on the impact of hot pin power, then can be by reducing the area of dissipation of condenser to it
It is optimized.Reduce a length of 3m of condensation segment of hot pin, a length of 5m of evaporator section, a length of 1m of radiator, other parameter
Constant, then the radiating fin of hot pin condenser totally 83, area of dissipation is 1.95m2, thermal resistance R of hot pina=0.02628 DEG C/W.
Through calculating, the radius of influence change of hot pin is little, and therefore, longitudinal pitch still designs according to 2.0m, needed for the most single hot pin
Power is constant.Now, the heat radiation power P=121.2W of selected hot pin, meet condition Pm＜ P ＜ PM, and in view of certain peace
Full deposit, reasonable in design.During practice of construction, all lay string hot pin, hot pin in the both sides of constructed permafrost area embankment
Laying spacing be rf。
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not impose any restrictions the present invention, every according to the present invention
Any simple modification, change and the equivalent structure change that above example is made by technical spirit, all still falls within skill of the present invention
In the protection domain of art scheme.
Claims (9)
1. Permafrost Area based on a principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design, it is characterised in that the party
Method comprises the following steps:
Step one, hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold set: the hot pin heat dissipation capacity of constructed permafrost area embankment is judged threshold
Value c is set；Wherein, c=0.05～0.5；
Step 2, soil body latent heat calculate: according to the structural parameters of constructed permafrost area embankment and residing region
Weather conditions, the soil body latent heat Q to constructed permafrost area embankmentL' calculate, QL' unit be J；
Step 3, hot pin radiation parameter scope determine: according to hot pin heat dissipation capacity judgment threshold c set in step one, and tie
Close the soil body latent heat Q calculated in step 2L', ginseng that the hot pin needed for constructed permafrost area embankment is dispelled the heat
Number scope is determined；
Wherein, hot pin radiation parameter scope is hot pin heat dissipation capacity scope QFWOr hot pin heat radiation power scope PFW；
QFW=Qm～QM；Qm=QL, QM=(1+c) × QL；QmAnd QMUnit be J；
PFW=Pm～PM；PM=(1+c) × PL；PmAnd PMUnit be W；T is Permafrost Area of being constructed
Effective time and its unit of roadbed hot pin in a year are s；
Wherein, QLFor single hot pin heat dissipation capacity design load andWherein n=1 or 2；When constructed Permafrost Area road
When base only lays hot pin in roadbed side, n=1；When constructed permafrost area embankment all lays hot pin in roadbed both sides,
N=2；
Step 4, hot rod structure parameter and lay spacing and determine, process is as follows: according to hot pin heat radiation ginseng determined by step 3
Number scope, selects the hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankment, and combines the structure of selected hot pin
Parameter, lays spacing r to the hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankmentfIt is determined；Hot pin lays spacing rfAfter determining,
Heat radiation power P or heat dissipation capacity Q to hot pin selected in constructed permafrost area embankment are determined, and make Pm＜ P ＜ PM
Or Qm＜ Q ＜ QM；Wherein Q=P × t；
When the heat radiation power P of hot pin selected in constructed permafrost area embankment or heat dissipation capacity Q are determined, first to institute
Thermal resistance R of laid hot pin in construction permafrost area embankmentaWith thermal resistance R of the soil body in constructed permafrost area embankmentS
It is determined respectively, RaAnd RSUnit be DEG C/W；R determined by further according toaAnd RS, and according to formulaHeat radiation power P or heat dissipation capacity Q to selected hot pin are determined, and the unit of P is the unit of W, Q
For J；In formula (1), TSBy the mean annual cost in region residing for construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be DEG C, TaFor
The average temperature of the whole year in region residing for constructed permafrost area embankment and its unit are DEG C.
2. according to Permafrost Area based on the principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that: step 3 is carried out before hot pin radiation parameter scope determines, first according to constructed permafrost area embankment
The weather conditions in residing region, are determined the effective time t of hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment 1 year；
Wherein, constructed permafrost area embankment in 1 year the effective time t of hot pin be permafrost area embankment of being constructed
Residing region total time of cold season in 1 year.
3. according to the hot-mix recycling parameter designing side, Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance described in claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: the structural parameters according to constructed permafrost area embankment and the weather bar in residing region in step 2
Part, the soil body latent heat Q to constructed permafrost area embankmentL' when calculating, according to formula QL'=L0·ρd·
w·A·d·103(2) calculate；In formula (2), L0For frozen water latent heat of phase change and L0=334kJ/kg, ρdBy being constructed
In permafrost area embankment, dry density and its unit of the soil body are kg/m3, w is the soil body in permafrost area embankment of being constructed
Moisture content or ice content, A by the thaw bowl area of construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be m2, d=1m.
4. according to Permafrost Area based on the principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design described in claim 3,
It is characterized in that: when the A described in formula (2) is calculated, according to formulaCalculate；Formula
(3) in, l by the roadbed base widths of construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be m, Δ H is ever-frozen ground of being constructed
Thaw depth and its unit that area roadbed is annual are m.
5. according to Permafrost Area based on the principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design described in claim 4,
It is characterized in that: when the Δ H described in formula (3) is calculated, according to formula Δ H=[(a1TS+b1)H+(a2TS+b2)]·
tM+[(a3TS+b3)H+(a4TS+b4)] (4) calculate；In formula (4), H by the height of construction permafrost area embankment
Degree, a1=-0.008, a2=0.103, a3=0.356, a4=-0.378, b1=0.004, b2=0.234, b3=-0.277, b4=
0.549, tMBy service time of construction permafrost area embankment and its unit be year, TSBy Permafrost Area of being constructed
The mean annual cost in region residing for roadbed and its unit are DEG C.
6. according to the hot-mix recycling parameter designing side, Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance described in claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: thermal resistance R to hot pin laid in constructed permafrost area embankment in step 4aTime, according to formulaCalculate；
In formula (5), ACOFor selected hot pin condensation segment cross sectional area and
ACOUnit be m2；Wherein, d0For the external diameter of selected hot pin, diFor the internal diameter of selected hot pin, lCCold for selected hot pin
Solidifying segment length, n is the radiating fin number of selected hot pin, d0、diAnd lCUnit be m；
αaFor selected hot pin condensation segment external heat-exchanging coefficient andIn formula (7), λfFor selected hot pin
The coefficient of heat conduction of fin and its unit be W/ (m K),Wherein,For spacing of fin and the ratio of fin height of selected hot pin,For the ratio of spacing of fin with fin thickness, RefFor selected
Select hot pin extraneous air Reynolds number andWherein ρfBy region residing for permafrost area embankment of being constructed
The density of air, μfBy the dynamic viscosity of regional air residing for construction permafrost area embankment, vfBy ever-frozen ground of being constructed
The extraneous wind speed in region residing for the roadbed of area；PrfFor selected hot pin extraneous air Prandtl number andWherein
CfFor air specific heat.
7. according to the hot-mix recycling parameter designing side, Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance described in claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: to laying spacing r of hot pin in constructed permafrost area embankment in step 4fWhen being determined, root
According to formulaIt is determined；In formula (8), L0For frozen water
Latent heat of phase change and L0=334kJ/kg；Wherein d0External diameter and its unit for selected hot pin are m；λ is by being constructed for many years
In the roadbed of Frozen Ground Area, the coefficient of heat conduction and its unit of the soil body are W/ (m K)；FI is the permafrost area embankment institute that constructed
Freezing index and its unit in region, place are a DEG C sky.
8. according to Permafrost Area based on the principle of energy balance hot-mix recycling Parameters design described in claim 7,
It is characterized in that: describedIn formula (9), t0 is by being constructed residing for permafrost area embankment
Region is the initial time of cold season, t in 1 year1By in region residing for construction permafrost area embankment 1 year during the termination of cold season
Between, t ' express time and t '=t0～t1, the unit of t ' is sky；| T ' | is region one residing for permafrost area embankment that constructed
In year, in cold season, daily mean temperature is the daily mean temperature in each sky of the negative value number of degrees (DEG C).
9. according to the hot-mix recycling parameter designing side, Permafrost Area based on principle of energy balance described in claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: to thermal resistance R of the soil body in constructed permafrost area embankment in step 4SWhen being determined, according to public affairs
FormulaIn formula (10), λ by construction permafrost area embankment the coefficient of heat conduction of the soil body and its
Unit is that W/ (m K), L are the selected hot pin degree of depth in the soil body and its unit is m.
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| CN108931553A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-04 | 天津城建大学 | A kind of calculation method that frozen soil latent heat of phase change is converted to equivalent specific heat |
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| CN108549617A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-18 | 天津城建大学 | A kind of frozen soil latent heat of phase change computational methods considering unfrozen water content nonlinear change |
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| CN110502847A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-26 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 | Permafrost Area hot-mix recycling design and calculation method based on heat budget equilibrium principle |
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| CN114707344A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-05 | 西南交通大学 | Method for calculating thickness of permafrost movable layer based on system dynamics |
| CN114707344B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-09-19 | 西南交通大学 | Permafrost active layer thickness calculation method based on system dynamics |
| CN117786282A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Heat pipe foundation, cooling guide enhancement coefficient calculation method and cooling guide enhancement method |
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