CN106119475A - A kind of large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN106119475A CN106119475A CN201610766610.1A CN201610766610A CN106119475A CN 106119475 A CN106119475 A CN 106119475A CN 201610766610 A CN201610766610 A CN 201610766610A CN 106119475 A CN106119475 A CN 106119475A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique, including mould is preheated, first stage Quenching Treatment, second stage Quenching Treatment, pre-cooling, the step such as quick cooling, the ratio of Quenching Treatment time first stage, second stage Quenching Treatment time and heating-up time between the two is 80 ± 5:5:15 ± 5.The present invention uses the way of two sections of heating quenchings, while ensureing that molds has sufficiently high intensity, it is ensured that red hardness that surface is high and high abrasion and high corrosion resistance；After die quenching, the thickest martensite is only limitted to top layer, accounts for the ratio in molds cross section not over 20%, thus mould entirety impact flexibility is good, is difficult to that cleavage fracture situation occur, and this is just effectively prevented from or decreases scrapping of mould；Mould totally shortens dramatically than traditional mode at high temperature heating time, thus can save the energy, reduces equipment loss.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of heat treatment technology, be specifically related to a kind of large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment work
Skill.
Background technology
In machine building industry field metal material deformation processing industry, almost all of operation mould, all must be at heat
Reason quenching, temper.But Q-tempering howsoever, quenching process is in each operation of whole heat treatment process all the time
The most important thing, and the heating means of quenching process determine, particularly important.Prior heat treatment Quench heating method, although choosing temperature
Angle value has fastidious very much, and technological design is typically based on the material trademark of mould and service condition and equipment actuality to choose its quenching
Heating-up temperature parameter, heating and thermal insulation then after, delayed quenching, but its Quench heating pattern used is the most basically identical.
Fig. 1 shows the most commonly used heat-treatment quenching heating mode, and it is warming up to quenching after preheating terminates
Suitable temperature, carries out keeping temperature i.e. to enter cooling step after completing primary quenching.Above-mentioned commonly used prior heat treatment is quenched
What problem fire heating mode, for numerous relatively small moulds, be also less prone to find, but for as more than 300kg is relatively big or
The super-huge mould of more than 600kg exists for bigger problem, requires die surface high abrasion and height especially for those
For the duty status of red hardness, carry out the high-alloy steel mould of heat treatment by above-mentioned tradition Quench heating pattern, be not wear-resisting
Property unsatisfactory, it is simply that die deformation, cracking are very serious, and the learies of mould is bigger.During this just forces people to select, low side
The method of heating quenching carries out die & mold treatment, the problem big to solve crack of die learies, and this way has certain
Effect, but forging product production efficiency is low, and owing to surface abrasion is very fast, mould reclamation work amount is the hugest, when volume of production is big
Time, the progress of production mould and forging product does not often catch up with, and comprehensive benefit is unsatisfactory.
Summary of the invention
For above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of special thermal treatment being suitable for the use of relatively large high alloy mould to quench
Ignition technique, it meets surface high red hardness and the requirement of high corrosion resistance, is prevented effectively from and reduces mould and scrap, and reduces energy consumption.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique, comprises the following steps:
(1) mould is preheated；
(2) mould is continued heating so that it is it is interval that temperature arrives self hardening heat lower limit, then keep temperature to carry out the
One stage Quenching Treatment；
(3) mould is heated so that it is be rapidly heated interval to self hardening heat upper limit, then keep temperature to carry out
Second stage Quenching Treatment, Quenching Treatment time first stage, second stage Quenching Treatment time and intensification between the two
The ratio of time is 80 ± 5:5:15 ± 5；
(4) mould is carried out pre-cooling, the most quickly cool down, complete Quenching Treatment.
As preferred embodiment, the heating-up time between first stage Quenching Treatment and second stage Quenching Treatment is not
More than 15 minutes.
As preferred embodiment, step (1) carries out the pre-heat treatment and is divided into two stages to carry out mould, the first stage
Before programming rate be not more than 180 DEG C/h, the programming rate between second stage and first stage be not more than 150 DEG C/little
Time.
As preferred embodiment, the programming rate before first stage Quenching Treatment is not more than 120 DEG C/h.
As preferred embodiment, Quenching Treatment time first stage, the second stage Quenching Treatment time and both
Between the ratio of heating-up time be 80:5:15.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is directed to showing of relatively large high-alloy steel mould prior heat treatment heating mode
Shape, according to the phase transformation theory of metal material, conduction of heat and thermodynamic principles, transforms its prior heat treatment heating mode,
Use the way of two sections of heating quenchings, while ensureing that molds has sufficiently high intensity, it is ensured that surface height is red firmly
Property and high abrasion and high corrosion resistance；After die quenching, the thickest martensite is only limitted to top layer, accounts for molds cross section
Ratio not over 20%, thus mould entirety impact flexibility is good, is difficult to that cleavage fracture situation occur, and this is the most effectively
Avoid or reduce scrapping of mould；Mould totally shortens dramatically than traditional mode at high temperature heating time, thus permissible
Save the energy, reduce equipment loss.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional moulds heat-treatment quenching heating mode schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the special thermal treatment Quench heating pattern diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the heating mode schematic diagram that the application present invention carries out heat-treatment quenching to ST1 steel.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
The present invention is suitable for super-huge mould relatively big or more than 600kg to more than 300kg and carries out heat-treatment quenching use.Under
The Technology for Heating Processing of the present invention is described in detail by face with reference to Fig. 2.
Step (1), preheats mould.This step is similar to prior heat treatment process, is generally divided into two stages and enters
OK.Keep temperature after first carrying out first time heat temperature raising, carry out first stage preheating, protect after then carrying out second time heat temperature raising
Hold temperature, carry out second stage preheating.Programming rate before first stage is not more than 180 DEG C/h, second stage and the first rank
Programming rate between Duan is not more than 150 DEG C/h.
Step (2), continues heating to mould so that it is it is interval that temperature arrives self hardening heat lower limit, then keeps temperature
Carry out first stage Quenching Treatment.As it can be seen, the temperature rise period before first stage Quenching Treatment and the process rank in step (1)
Section is referred to as warm-up phase.When being embodied as, the programming rate before first stage Quenching Treatment is not more than 120 DEG C/h.
Step (3), heats mould so that it is is rapidly heated interval to self hardening heat upper limit, then keeps temperature
Degree carries out second stage Quenching Treatment.Heating-up time between first stage Quenching Treatment and second stage Quenching Treatment is not more than
15 minutes.Quenching Treatment time first stage, second stage Quenching Treatment time and the ratio of heating-up time between the two
It is 80 ± 5:5:15 ± 5, preferably 80:5:15.
Step (4), carries out pre-cooling to mould, the most quickly cools down, complete Quenching Treatment.
After Quench heating method uses above-mentioned creative transformation, facts have proved and can produce following good effect:
1, while ensureing that molds has sufficiently high intensity, it is ensured that surface high red hardness and high abrasion and height
Corrosion resistance, this be primarily due to short time quick high-temp heating effect, surface incorporated a certain amount of alloying element to Austria
Caused by family name's body, temperature is the highest, and the amount of dissolving in is the biggest, acts on the biggest.But, when exceeding certain temperature range, temperature is the highest,
The material capability of mould can degenerate again, so temperature selection must be suitable.
2, after due to die quenching, the thickest martensite is only limitted to top layer, accounts for the ratio in molds cross section not
Can be more than 20%.Thus mould entirety impact flexibility is good, be difficult to that cleavage fracture situation occurs, this be just effectively prevented from or
Decrease scrapping of mould.
3, due to mould at high-temperature heating in short-term, totally shorten dramatically than traditional mode at high temperature heating time, thus
The energy can be saved, reduce equipment loss.
This new technology pattern is illustrated more clearly for ratio, existing just as a example by ST1 high-alloy steel knuckle die quenching, narration
Its this heating mode feature.
Research shows, ST1 steel all can get preferable heat treatment reinforcement effect at 1060～1150 DEG C of heating quenchings, and depends on
Its rule, to relatively large mould, then with 1100～1150 DEG C of heating quenchings, obtains best resultant effect, and temperature higher position again is easy
Cracking, temperature is the lowest, and wearability is slightly worse, and core strength also can reduce, and can increase strain cracking tendency the most on the contrary.When using this
Bright two-step heating quenches, and just can effectively be in harmonious proportion above-mentioned contradiction, its effect it is clear that technical process as shown in Figure 3.
ST1 steel relatively large knuckle die shape volume is 500 × 380 × 290mm, and gross weight is about 400kg, typically
Use vacuum furnace heating oil quenching, when mould is after twice preheating, and mould internal and external temperature is basically identical, be high temperature
Heating reduces thermal stress and gets ready.After the first stage Quenching Treatment heating that temperature is 1090 ± 10 DEG C terminates, mould
Entirety has been achieved with austenitizing, if now quenching cooling, less because dissolving in the alloying element in austenite, although hardness is complete
Can get on, but the red hardness of die surface is relatively low, be tempered through subsequent high temperature, hardness can decline comparatively fast, thus in high temperature, heat
Being on active service under erosion, impact friction mal-condition, service life is the longest.
But, when we are brought rapidly up the quenching upper limit temperature of this mould steel under the conditions of first stage influence of high austenizing temp
Degree.In mould from outward appearance to inner essence occurs tens millimeters of a thermograde, top layer, temperature is higher, and the alloying element in steel is rapid
It is dissolved in austenite.Owing to high temperature heating time is shorter, crystal grain is grown up will not be extremely serious, also has little time to grow up at it just
Or in the case of just starting to grow up, mould enters again precooling process, and the alloying element dissolving in top layer at high operating temperatures is pre-
Precipitation that can not be the fastest time cold, reaches mould internal-external temperature difference through pre-cooling basically identical.Subsequently in cooling procedure faster
In dissolve in the alloying elements such as Cr, Mo, V, W in austenite and be retained in quenched martensite, it is thus achieved that solution strengthening.Eventually pass several
Secondary high tempering produces dispersion-strengtherning, it is thus achieved that high case hardness and the highest red hardness；And due to Quench heating heat up time
Between short, high-alloy steel thermal conductivity ratio is relatively low in addition, and the cross-sectional area of mould is bigger, mould high temperature, short time heating terminate
Time, the kernel of section position temperature of its mould rises the highest, and mould overwhelming majority position crystal grain is very thin, thus terminates in quenching
After, subsurface to the center within surface 40～50mm has the high low-carbon and low-alloy martensite of toughness or lower bayesian
Soma, after high tempering, has fabulous comprehensive mechanical performance, thus makes die surface have under hot operation state
While high abrasion, advantage heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant, the cracking resistance ability of mould greatly improves, thus efficiently reduces or eliminate mould
Tool early-age crack scraps accident.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. one kind large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) mould is preheated；
(2) mould is continued heating so that it is it is interval that temperature arrives self hardening heat lower limit, then keep temperature to carry out the first rank
Section Quenching Treatment；
(3) mould is heated so that it is be rapidly heated interval to self hardening heat upper limit, then keep temperature to carry out second
Interrupted hardening processes, Quenching Treatment time first stage, second stage Quenching Treatment time and heating-up time between the two
Ratio be 80 ± 5:5:15 ± 5；
(4) mould is carried out pre-cooling, the most quickly cool down, complete Quenching Treatment.
One the most according to claim 1 large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique, it is characterised in that: the first stage
Heating-up time between Quenching Treatment and second stage Quenching Treatment is not more than 15 minutes.
One the most according to claim 1 large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique, it is characterised in that: step (1)
Mould carries out the pre-heat treatment is divided into two stages to carry out, and the programming rate before the first stage is not more than 180 DEG C/h, and second
Programming rate between stage and first stage is not more than 150 DEG C/h.
One the most according to claim 1 large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique, it is characterised in that: the first stage
Programming rate before Quenching Treatment is not more than 120 DEG C/h.
One the most according to claim 1 large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique, it is characterised in that: the first stage
The ratio of Quenching Treatment time, second stage Quenching Treatment time and heating-up time between the two is 80:5:15.
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| CN201610766610.1A CN106119475A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique |
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| CN201610766610.1A CN106119475A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of large-scale high alloy mould special thermal treatment technique |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5677323A (en) * | 1979-11-28 | 1981-06-25 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Heat treatment method of tool steel |
| CN101397603A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | 日立金属株式会社 | Manufacturing method of metal mould |
| CN101818234A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2010-09-01 | 广州市型腔模具制造有限公司 | Quenching process of H13 steel for compression molds |
| CN103060538A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-24 | 昆山鑫昌泰模具科技有限公司 | Setting method in sections of high alloy steel vacuum heat treatment high-temperature region parameters |
| CN105132634A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-09 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Quenching method of self-elevating ocean platform pile leg rack steel plate |
-
2016
- 2016-08-30 CN CN201610766610.1A patent/CN106119475A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5677323A (en) * | 1979-11-28 | 1981-06-25 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Heat treatment method of tool steel |
| CN101397603A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | 日立金属株式会社 | Manufacturing method of metal mould |
| CN101818234A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2010-09-01 | 广州市型腔模具制造有限公司 | Quenching process of H13 steel for compression molds |
| CN103060538A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-24 | 昆山鑫昌泰模具科技有限公司 | Setting method in sections of high alloy steel vacuum heat treatment high-temperature region parameters |
| CN105132634A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-09 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Quenching method of self-elevating ocean platform pile leg rack steel plate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 並木 邦夫: "《模具材料性能与应用》", 31 May 2014, 机械工业出版社 * |
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