CN106116158A - A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106116158A CN106116158A CN201610453486.3A CN201610453486A CN106116158A CN 106116158 A CN106116158 A CN 106116158A CN 201610453486 A CN201610453486 A CN 201610453486A CN 106116158 A CN106116158 A CN 106116158A
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- slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0063—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B32/00—Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups C03B19/00, C03B25/00 - C03B31/00 or C03B37/00, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities; Hot-pressing vitrified, non-porous, shaped glass products
- C03B32/02—Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
nullThe present invention relates to a kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass and preparation technology thereof,Belong to devitrified glass technical field,The raw materials for production proportioning of this devitrified glass includes according to mass percent: the smelting slag of 30% 100%、The quartz sand of 0% 35%、The sodium carbonate of 0% 30% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate、The titanium oxide of 0% 5%,The preparation of devitrified glass is carried out according to above raw material,When smelt the mass percent of slag 75% 100% between time,The method using casting method molding produces devitrified glass,When smelt the mass percent of slag between 30% 75% (not comprising 75%) time,The method using float glass process molding produces devitrified glass,The present invention is incorporated into smelting slag in the production of devitrified glass,Can either solve to smelt the problem that slag utilization rate is low,Solve the occupation of land of solid waste、The problem polluting environment,The cost producing devitrified glass can be reduced again,The devitrified glass produced meets the standard of building material industry,The proportioning raw materials relation of the present invention and preparation technology can be to be applicable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to devitrified glass technical field, be specifically related to a kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Slag is the general designation of the residue after ore dressing or smelting.At present, China is about the annual production of slag, official
There is no disclosed statistical data, but only as a example by blast-furnace cinder, often smelt 1 ton of pig iron, produce the quantity of slag and be about the 1/4-of pig iron yield
1/2, according to incompletely statistics, only 2015 the 1-6 months pig iron yield in the whole nation reach 3.57 hundred million tons, it is contemplated that annual pig iron yield will reach
To 7.32 hundred million tons, corresponding 2015 are only blast-furnace cinder yield is up to 1.83-3.66 hundred million tons.It practice, various smelting slags
Total emission volumn increase with the quantity of annual billions of tons, its recycled in its entirety utilization rate less than 20%, these slags stack and
In storing process, destroy and occupy substantial amounts of land resource, also bring series of environmental problems, the life of the serious threat mankind
Deposit health.
Slag, according to the difference of kind, can be subdivided into blast-furnace cinder (Iron-ore Slag), molybdenum slag, nickel slag, chromium slag, copper ashes etc.;From
From the point of view of on composition, main component includes calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide and a small amount of metal-oxide.At present
Smelt slag be used primarily in cement, Concrete Industry or produce slag brick, but in cement, concrete, slag addition content is limited, and
In part slag, substantial amounts of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide also limit its application at cement industry;Slag brick but can not effective solid solution ore deposit
Harmful heavy metal in slag.Above method all can not effectively utilize smelting slag, accordingly, it would be desirable to one can effectively utilize smelting
The method that slag carries out producing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to carry out Commercial cultivation by superfluous smelting slag, it is provided that a kind of smelt cinder microcrystalline glass and
Preparation method, devitrified glass is through high-temperature fusion process, and the effective various metal-oxide of solid solution of energy, calcium and magnesium oxides is glass
Alkaline-earth metal, be effective ingredient of devitrified glass crystal, the present invention can effectively utilize smelting slag, and reduce enterprise
Industry production cost.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass, it is characterised in that: the proportioning raw materials of described devitrified glass is according to percent mass
Ratio includes: 30%-100% smelts slag, the quartz sand of 0%-35%, the sodium carbonate of 0%-30% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate
Or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 0%-5%.
The described SiO smelting MgO, 40%-60% of including 25%-35% in slag according to mass percent2And
The metal-oxide of 3%-7%.
Described metal-oxide is Fe2O3、NiO、Cr2O3And MnO2In one or more.
The proportioning raw materials of described devitrified glass includes respectively according to mass percent: smelting slag, the stone of 8% of 80%
Sand, the sodium carbonate of 11% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 1%.
The proportioning raw materials of described devitrified glass includes respectively according to mass percent: smelting slag, the carbon of 5% of 95%
Acid sodium or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate.
The proportioning raw materials of described devitrified glass includes respectively according to mass percent: 60% smelt slag, 20%
Quartz sand, the sodium carbonate of 20% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate.
The proportioning raw materials of described devitrified glass includes respectively according to mass percent: 50% smelt slag, 32%
Quartz sand, the sodium carbonate of 15% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 3%.
The proportioning raw materials of described devitrified glass includes respectively according to mass percent: 45% smelt slag, 35%
Quartz sand, the sodium carbonate of 14% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 5%.
The preparation technology smelting cinder microcrystalline glass as above, key point is, smelts slag shared matter in the feed
Amount ratio, during for 75%-100%, uses casting method molding to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, and preparation technology comprises the following steps:
A1, carry out the weighing of each component in raw material according to mass percent, be then mixed to get batch, proportioning raw materials
Include respectively according to mass percent: 75%-100% smelts slag, the quartz sand of 0%-35%, the sodium carbonate of 0%-30%
Or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 0%-5%;
B1, batch is put into melting furnaces, obtain vitreous humour through 1500-1550 DEG C of fusing, clarification;
C1, vitreous humour is injected in mould it is shaped;
D1, the sheet material of molding is sent in crystallization kiln and sequentially passed through 730-760 DEG C of coring 1-2h, 950-980 DEG C crystallization 2-
4h, is then passed through 650-700 DEG C of annealing and obtains smelting cinder microcrystalline glass.
The described preparation technology smelting cinder microcrystalline glass, key point is, smelts slag shared mass ratio in the feed
During for 30%-75% (not comprising 75%), using float glass process molding to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, preparation technology includes following step
Rapid:
A2, carry out the weighing of each component in raw material according to mass percent, be then mixed to get batch, proportioning raw materials
Include respectively according to mass percent: 30%-75% (not comprising 75%) smelts slag, the quartz sand of 0%-35%, 0%-
The sodium carbonate of 30% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 0%-5%;
B2, batch is put into melting furnaces, obtain vitreous humour through 1500-1550 DEG C of fusing, clarification;
C2, vitreous humour is cooled to 1300-1250 DEG C, introduces molten tin bath float glass process and be shaped to glass board material, forming temperature scope
1190-1020℃;
D2, glass board material is cooled to 700-720 DEG C;
E2, glass board material is sent into annealing kiln sequentially passes through 730-760 DEG C of coring 1-2h, 950-980 DEG C of crystallization 2-4h,
It is then passed through 650-700 DEG C of annealing to obtain smelting cinder microcrystalline glass.
The present invention utilizes smelting slag to carry out the production of building material as one of material component, and exists according to smelting slag
In raw material, the difference of proportion arranges corresponding processing technique, improves the utilization rate smelting slag, solves it and takes up an area
And pollute the problem of environment, and big and also producing owing to smelting the recoverable amount of slag, therefore cost is relatively low, utilizes its generation
For the natural resources used by devitrified glass production, resource can be saved, the production cost of relevant enterprise can be reduced again.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof, the proportioning raw materials of this devitrified glass is according to matter
Amount percentage ratio includes: 30%-100% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 0%-35%, the sodium carbonate of 0%-30% or potassium carbonate or
Sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 0%-5%, according to mass percent in described smelting slag
SiO including MgO, 40%-60% of 25%-35%2And the metal-oxide of 3%-7%, metal-oxide is Fe2O3、NiO、
Cr2O3Or MnO2, carry out smelting the preparation of cinder microcrystalline glass based on above-mentioned raw materials proportion relation.
Embodiment 1, as the preferred version of proportioning raw materials, in raw material, each component includes respectively according to mass percent:
80% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 8%, the sodium carbonate of 11% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or sulphuric acid
Potassium, the titanium oxide of 1%, when smelting slag shared mass ratio is 75%-100% in the feed, use casting method molding to carry out micro-
The preparation of crystal glass, preparation technology comprises the following steps:
A1, elder generation carry out the weighing of each component in raw material according to mass percent, smelt slag 80Kg, quartz sand 8Kg, carbon
Acid sodium 11Kg, titanium oxide 1Kg, be then mixed to get batch by each component;
B1, batch is put into melting furnaces, obtain vitreous humour through 1520 DEG C of fusings, clarification;
C1, vitreous humour is injected in mould it is shaped;
D1, the sheet material of molding is sent in crystallization kiln sequentially pass through 740 DEG C of coring 1.5h, 960 DEG C of crystallization 3h, be then passed through
660 DEG C of annealing obtain smelting cinder microcrystalline glass.
Embodiment 2, as the another embodiment of embodiment 1, raw material includes smelting slag and the carbonic acid of 5% of 95%
Sodium, uses casting method molding to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, and the step of preparation technology is identical with step in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, produces in the raw material smelting cinder microcrystalline glass, and each component includes respectively according to mass percent:
Smelting slag, the quartz sand of 20%, the sodium carbonate of 20% of 60%, smelting slag shared mass ratio in the feed is 30%-
Time 75% (not comprising 75%), using float glass process molding to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, preparation technology comprises the following steps:
A2, first carry out the weighing of each component in raw material, smelt slag, the quartz sand of 20Kg, the carbon of 20Kg including 60Kg
Acid sodium, is then mixed to get batch by each component;
B2, batch is put into melting furnaces, obtain vitreous humour through 1540 DEG C of fusings, clarification;
C2, vitreous humour is cooled to 1270 DEG C, introduces molten tin bath float glass process and be shaped to glass board material, forming temperature scope 1100
℃;
D2, glass board material is cooled to 710 DEG C;
E2, glass board material is sent into annealing kiln sequentially passes through 750 DEG C of coring 1h, 970 DEG C of crystallization 2h, it is then passed through 690
DEG C annealing obtains smelting cinder microcrystalline glass.
Embodiment 4, choosing the mass percent of each component in raw material is: 50% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 32%,
The sodium carbonate of 15%, the titanium oxide of 3%, use float glass process molding to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, the step of preparation technology and enforcement
In example 3, step is identical.
Embodiment 5, choosing the mass percent of each component in raw material is: 45% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 35%,
The sodium carbonate of 14%, the titanium oxide of 5%, use float glass process molding to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, the step of preparation technology and enforcement
Step in example 3 is identical.
The test of correlated performance is carried out, due to micro-for the cinder microcrystalline glass of smelting produced in embodiment 1 to embodiment 5
Crystal glass is typically employed in building material industry, therefore, uses building material industry standard JC 514.2-1993 and JC/T 872-2000
Standard as a comparison, the performance Testing index of devitrified glass is as shown in table 1.
(table 1)
The smelting cinder microcrystalline glass that embodiment 1 and embodiment 5 produce, through performance test, its performance indications meet row
Industry standard, it is possible to use as building material, therefore, use smelting slag carries out the preparation of devitrified glass can conduct
The approach that a kind of devitrified glass produces.
The present invention is incorporated into smelting slag in the production of devitrified glass, and the various oxides smelted in slag the most all belong to
In the basic composition of devitrified glass, devitrified glass, can the effectively various metal-oxide of solid solution, calcium and magnesium oxygen through high-temperature fusion process
Compound is the alkaline-earth metal of glass, is effective ingredient of devitrified glass crystal, utilizes and smelts slag production devitrified glass not
The most effectively achieve the utilization of solid waste, preserve the ecological environment, be also substantially reduced enterprise's production cost.
Additionally, the present invention is according to the difference of smelting slag addition percentage, according to frit, use two kinds of systems
Standby technique smelts cinder microcrystalline glass, improves the utilization rate of slag, and raw materials quality percentage ratio shared by the addition of slag is
During 75%-100%, frit is shorter, it is adaptable to cast molding method produces devitrified glass, and the devitrified glass produced can replace
For natural cast stone as corrosion resisting liner material;When smelting slag addition is 30%-75% (not comprising 75%), frit
Being suitable for float glass process molding and produce devitrified glass, this kind of preparation technology can make the cost of integrated artistic drop while increasing yield
Low 30%-40%.
Claims (10)
1. smelt cinder microcrystalline glass for one kind, it is characterised in that: the proportioning raw materials of described devitrified glass is according to mass percent
Including: 30%-100% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 0%-35%, the sodium carbonate of 0%-30% or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or
Potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 0%-5%.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of smelt cinder microcrystalline glass, it is characterised in that: in described smelting slag according to
Mass percent includes the SiO of MgO, 40%-60% of 25%-35%2And the metal-oxide of 3%-7%.
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described metal-oxide is
Fe2O3、NiO、Cr2O3And MnO2In one or more.
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the raw material of described devitrified glass
Proportioning includes respectively according to mass percent: 80% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 8%, the sodium carbonate of 11% or potassium carbonate or
Sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 1%.
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the raw material of described devitrified glass
Proportioning includes respectively according to mass percent: smelting slag, the sodium carbonate of 5% or the potassium carbonate of 95% or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate
Or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate.
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the raw material of described devitrified glass
Proportioning includes respectively according to mass percent: 60% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 20%, the sodium carbonate of 20% or potassium carbonate or
Sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate.
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the raw material of described devitrified glass
Proportioning includes respectively according to mass percent: 50% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 32%, the sodium carbonate of 15% or potassium carbonate or
Sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 3%.
A kind of smelting cinder microcrystalline glass the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the raw material of described devitrified glass
Proportioning includes respectively according to mass percent: 45% smelt slag, the quartz sand of 35%, the sodium carbonate of 15% or potassium carbonate or
Sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 5%.
9. the preparation technology smelting cinder microcrystalline glass as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: smelt slag in the feed
When shared mass ratio is 75%-100%, using casting method molding to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, preparation technology includes following step
Rapid:
A1, carry out the weighing of each component in raw material according to mass percent, be then mixed to get batch, proportioning raw materials according to
Mass percent includes respectively: 75%-100% smelts slag, the quartz sand of 0%-35%, the sodium carbonate of 0%-30% or carbon
Acid potassium or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 0%-5%;
B1, batch is put into melting furnaces, obtain vitreous humour through 1500-1550 DEG C of fusing, clarification;
C1, vitreous humour is injected in mould it is shaped;
D1, the sheet material of molding is sent in crystallization kiln and sequentially passed through 730-760 DEG C of coring 1-2h, 950-980 DEG C crystallization 2-4h, so
After through 650-700 DEG C of annealing obtain smelt cinder microcrystalline glass.
10. the preparation technology smelting cinder microcrystalline glass as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: smelt slag at raw material
When mass ratio shared by is 30%-75% (not comprising 75%), float glass process molding is used to carry out the preparation of devitrified glass, preparation technology
Comprise the following steps:
A2, carry out the weighing of each component in raw material according to mass percent, be then mixed to get batch, proportioning raw materials according to
Mass percent includes respectively: 30%-75% (not comprising 75%) smelts slag, the quartz sand of 0%-35%, 0%-30%
Sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate or sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate or sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, the titanium oxide of 0%-5%;
B2, batch is put into melting furnaces, obtain vitreous humour through 1500-1550 DEG C of fusing, clarification;
C2, vitreous humour is cooled to 1300-1250 DEG C, introduces molten tin bath float glass process and be shaped to glass board material, forming temperature scope 1190-
1020℃;
D2, glass board material is cooled to 700-720 DEG C;
E2, glass board material is sent into annealing kiln sequentially passes through 730-760 DEG C of coring 1-2h, 950-980 DEG C of crystallization 2-4h, then
Obtain smelting cinder microcrystalline glass through 650-700 DEG C of annealing.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108383390A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-10 | 四川名微晶科技股份有限公司 | A method of preparing devitrified glass new material using blast furnace hot slag |
CN108423995A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-21 | 四川名微晶科技股份有限公司 | A method of producing devitrified glass using raw material is wanted based on carbon slag |
CN111908796A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-10 | 江西鼎盛新材料科技有限公司 | Tailing slag microcrystalline glass and production method thereof |
CN112125516A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Additive and method for preparing microcrystalline glass from iron-containing nickel slag |
CN112340988A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-09 | 重庆大学 | Titanium-containing blast furnace slag-based TiO2Preparation method of microcrystalline glass as nucleating agent |
CN114671621A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-28 | 陕西理工大学 | Method for preparing microcrystalline glass fiber by using blast furnace slag powder and microcrystalline glass fiber |
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CN102603191A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-07-25 | 达州市海蓝冶金设备制造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing glass ceramic by titanium-containing melting blast furnace slag |
CN104355541A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-02-18 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Black slag micro crystal stone and preparation method thereof |
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US4615987A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-07 | Corning Glass Works | Reinforcement of alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass-ceramics |
CN102603191A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-07-25 | 达州市海蓝冶金设备制造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing glass ceramic by titanium-containing melting blast furnace slag |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108383390A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-10 | 四川名微晶科技股份有限公司 | A method of preparing devitrified glass new material using blast furnace hot slag |
CN108423995A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-21 | 四川名微晶科技股份有限公司 | A method of producing devitrified glass using raw material is wanted based on carbon slag |
CN111908796A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-10 | 江西鼎盛新材料科技有限公司 | Tailing slag microcrystalline glass and production method thereof |
CN112125516A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Additive and method for preparing microcrystalline glass from iron-containing nickel slag |
CN112125516B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2023-04-07 | 西安鹏远冶金设备有限公司 | Additive and method for preparing microcrystalline glass from iron-containing nickel slag |
CN112340988A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-09 | 重庆大学 | Titanium-containing blast furnace slag-based TiO2Preparation method of microcrystalline glass as nucleating agent |
CN114671621A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-28 | 陕西理工大学 | Method for preparing microcrystalline glass fiber by using blast furnace slag powder and microcrystalline glass fiber |
CN114671621B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2023-09-19 | 陕西理工大学 | Method for preparing microcrystalline glass fiber by utilizing blast furnace slag powder and microcrystalline glass fiber |
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Application publication date: 20161116 |