CN106115851A - Device and the application process thereof of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash - Google Patents
Device and the application process thereof of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash Download PDFInfo
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- CN106115851A CN106115851A CN201610685975.1A CN201610685975A CN106115851A CN 106115851 A CN106115851 A CN 106115851A CN 201610685975 A CN201610685975 A CN 201610685975A CN 106115851 A CN106115851 A CN 106115851A
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009285 membrane fouling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007773 growth pattern Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/22—Eliminating or preventing deposits, scale removal, scale prevention
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Device and the application process thereof of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash, and it belongs to drinking water treatment and Treated sewage reusing field.The backwashing water cost that it to solve existing alleviation Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is high, the problem of improper engineer applied.Device: it includes water intaking valve, membrane cisterna, vacuum pumping pump, vacuum pumping valve, product water valve, suction pump, pressure transducer, clear water reserviors, backwash pond, backwash pump, backwash valve, aerator, aeration valve, aerator and atmospheric valve.Application: one, water inlet；Two, filter；Three, membrane cisterna liquid level is reduced；Four, backwash；Five, membrane cisterna draining.The present invention proposes lower valency saline solution as backwashing water to the method alleviating Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane, environmental friendliness, low cost, suitable engineer applied, and can effectively control irreversible membrane fouling, reduce the use of Chemical cleaning medicament, extend the service life of film, provide technical support for the popularization and application of hyperfiltration technique in drinking water treatment and Treated sewage reusing field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drinking water treatment and Treated sewage reusing field, be specifically related to ultrafilter membrane running state salt at a middle or low price molten
Device and the application process thereof of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in liquid backwash.
Background technology
Along with water environment pollution and the aggravation of shortage of water resources, the process object of urban water supply constantly extends, and no longer limits to
In water source of fresh water such as traditional surface water, subsoil water, as bitter, sea water, secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work water outlet etc. all can conducts
The target that water processes.Hyperfiltration technique is the desirable technique of the increasingly serious water crisis of reply and the water standard meeting increasingly stringent
One of, but because of it, fouling membrane is related to that the operation stability produced is paid close attention to by city large-scale drinking water water treatment plant.At drink
By water treatment field, backwash is intended only as a basic operation of ultrafilter membrane day-to-day operation, and the most often adopts
By ultra-filtration water as backwashing water.But, ultra-filtration water is the highest as the cleaning efficiency of backwashing water, particularly with
The organic contamination formed in ultra-filtration process.Therefore, the fouling membrane that Organic substance causes removal feelings in periodicity backwash process
Condition more should receive publicity.It is true that the water quality of backwashing water affects backwash efficiency really, and there is repugnance.
Abrahamse et al. (Journal of Membrane Science, 2008,323 (1): 153-158) research show, reduce into
In water, bivalent cation or reduction backwashing water ionic strength (such as ultra-pure water) can reduce ultrafilter membrane；Li (Delft:Delft
University of Technology, 2011) think that the developing result of backwashing water containing low ionic strength is preferable.But
The high manufacturing cost of ultra-pure water hinders its commercial Application.
Summary of the invention
The backwashing water cost that the invention aims to solve existing alleviation Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is high, improper engineer applied
Problem, and provide a kind of lower valency saline solution backwash to alleviate the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane and application process thereof.
The device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash of the present invention, and it includes water intaking valve, membrane cisterna, evacuation
Pump, vacuum pumping valve, product water valve, suction pump, pressure transducer, clear water reserviors, backwash pond, backwash pump, backwash valve, drum
Blower fan, aeration valve, aerator and atmospheric valve；
The inside of described membrane cisterna arranges hyperfiltration membrane assembly, and the bottom of hyperfiltration membrane assembly arranges aerator；The top of membrane cisterna
Set gradually vacuum-pumping pipeline, vacuum pumping valve and vacuum pumping pump；The bottom of membrane cisterna connects inlet pipeline and water intaking valve, and bottom is arranged
Atmospheric valve；Vacuum-pumping pipeline is connected with the pipeline that catchments, and the pipeline that catchments sets gradually pressure transducer, produces water valve, suction pump
And clear water reserviors；The pipeline that catchments is connected with counter-flushing pipeline, counter-flushing pipeline sets gradually backwash valve, backwash pump and
Backwash pond；It backwash pond is lower valency saline solution.
The application process of the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in above-mentioned lower valency saline solution backwash, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, water inlet: open water intaking valve and treat that drainage passes through inlet pipeline and enters membrane cisterna, do not have hyperfiltration membrane assembly to water logging to be filtered,
Open vacuum pumping valve and vacuum pumping pump continues closedown after 10s；
Two, filter: open product water valve and suction pump, by the negative pressure-pumping effect of suction pump, treat that drainage is by ultrafilter membrane group
The outside of part is surveyed in entering thus is purified, and ultrafiltration is produced water and come together in the pipeline that catchments, subsequently into clear water reserviors；Described ultrafilter membrane
In assembly, the filtration flux of film uses 15-60L/ (m2H), filter cycle is 30-480min；
Three, reduce membrane cisterna liquid level: before backwash starts after filtering stopping, being first shut off water intaking valve, and suction pump continues fortune
OK, when the liquid level of membrane cisterna drops to the low liquid level of setting, suction pump quits work；
Four, backwash: lower valency saline solution configures in backwash pond, then opens backwash pump, will be at a low price
State saline solution is reversely squeezed in hyperfiltration membrane assembly and is carried out film, and carries out aeration；
Five, membrane cisterna draining: open atmospheric valve after backwash, completely or partially will be vented in membrane cisterna, and pollutant are through pipe
Road enters wastewater disposal basin.
Treating in the present invention that drainage passes through inlet pipeline and water intaking valve enters membrane cisterna, vacuum-pumping pipeline is connected with water production system
Connect, membrane cisterna is treated drainage through suction pump by hyperfiltration membrane assembly outside enter inside, ultrafiltration produce water come together in the pipeline that catchments, then
Enter clear water reserviors；Lower valency saline solution configures in backwash pond, backwash pump reversely squeeze in hyperfiltration membrane assembly
Film is carried out, imposes aeration while backwash to strengthen backwash effect；After backwash, membrane cisterna carries out partial discharge.
The method have the advantages that
(1) present invention proposes lower valency saline solution as backwashing water to the method alleviating Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane, due to salt
The dissolving etc. of ultrafilter membrane organic pollution is acted on by solution, alleviates Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane largely, especially irreversible membrane fouling
Part.Decrease the use of Chemical cleaning medicament, and the service life of prolongation film, for drinking water treatment and Treated sewage reusing field
The popularization and application of middle hyperfiltration technique provide technical support.
(2) salt such as sodium chloride used in the present invention is environmentally friendly material, and the impact on ultrafiltration membrane system is minimum, phase
Ratio is in the Chemical cleaning medicaments such as acid, alkali, oxidant, saline solution impact all pole on the corrosion of ultrafilter membrane life-span, pipeline and valve
Low, it is similar to traditional employing ultra-filtration water as ultrafiltration membrane system influence during backwashing water.
(3) in the present invention, salinity due to backwashing water is relatively low, the salt content of residual in filtration system after backwashing water
It is computed the lowest, far below the limit value (200mg/L) of sodium ion in " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB5749-2006),
Therefore it is vented membrane cisterna after backwash not necessarily like Chemical cleaning the most completely, the filtration in next cycle can be carried out.
(4) salt such as sodium chloride used in the present invention is cheap, is conveniently easy to get, and storage and convenient management, does not need to do
Process especially, suitable engineer applied.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in present invention state saline solution backwash at a middle or low price, and wherein 1 for entering
Water valve, 2 is membrane cisterna, and 3 is vacuum pumping pump, and 4 is vacuum pumping valve, and 5 for producing water valve, and 6 is suction pump, and 7 is pressure transducer, and 8 is clear
Pond, 9 is backwash pond, and 10 is backwash pump, and 11 is backwash valve, and 12 is aerator, and 13 is aeration valve, and 14 is aeration
Device, 15 is atmospheric valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to act detailed description of the invention set forth below, also includes between each detailed description of the invention
Combination in any.
Detailed description of the invention one: combine shown in Fig. 1, Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in present embodiment lower valency saline solution backwash
Device, it includes water intaking valve 1, membrane cisterna 2, vacuum pumping pump 3, vacuum pumping valve 4, produces water valve 5, suction pump 6, pressure transducer 7, clear
Pond 8, backwash pond 9, backwash pump 10, backwash valve 11, aerator 12, aeration valve 13, aerator 14 and emptying
Valve 15；
The inside of described membrane cisterna 2 arranges hyperfiltration membrane assembly, and the bottom of hyperfiltration membrane assembly arranges aerator 14；Membrane cisterna 2
Top sets gradually vacuum-pumping pipeline, vacuum pumping valve 4 and vacuum pumping pump 3；The bottom of membrane cisterna 2 connects inlet pipeline and water intaking valve 1,
Bottom installation of relief valve 15；Vacuum-pumping pipeline is connected with the pipeline that catchments, and the pipeline that catchments sets gradually pressure transducer 7, produces
Water valve 5, suction pump 6 and clear water reserviors 8；The pipeline that catchments is connected with counter-flushing pipeline, and counter-flushing pipeline sets gradually backwash
Valve 11, backwash pump 10 and backwash pond 9；It backwash pond 9 is lower valency saline solution.
In present embodiment, inlet pipeline and water intaking valve 1 form water inlet system；
Vacuum-pumping pipeline, vacuum pumping pump 3 and vacuum pumping valve 4 form pumped vacuum systems；
Catchment pipeline, produce water valve 5, suction pump 6 and clear water reserviors 8 form water production system；
Counter-flushing pipeline, backwash valve 11, backwash pump 10 and backwash pond 9 form water backwashing system；
Aerator 14, aerator 12, aerating pipelines and aeration valve 13 form aerating system；
Atmospheric valve 15 and blowdown piping composition membrane cisterna blowdown system.
Present embodiment being treated, drainage passes through inlet pipeline and water intaking valve 1 enters membrane cisterna 2, vacuum-pumping pipeline and water production system
Be connected, membrane cisterna 2 is treated drainage through suction pump 6 by hyperfiltration membrane assembly outside enter inside, ultrafiltration produce water come together in collector pipe
Road, subsequently into clear water reserviors 8；Lower valency saline solution configures in backwash pond, backwash pump reversely squeeze into ultrafiltration
Film is carried out by membrane module, imposes aeration while backwash to strengthen backwash effect；After backwash, membrane cisterna carries out portion
Divide discharge.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment is unlike detailed description of the invention one, and described hyperfiltration membrane assembly uses
Organic membrane or inoranic membrane；It is polyether sulfone (PES), polysulfones (PS), polyethylene (PE), polrvinyl chloride (PVC) when using organic membrane, gathers
Vinylidene (PVDF), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or cellulose acetate (CA)；It is aluminium oxide during employing inoranic membrane
(Al2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), titanium oxide (TiO2) or silicon oxide (SiO2).Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment unlike detailed description of the invention one or two, described hyperfiltration membrane assembly
Form use Flat Membrane or hollow-fibre membrane；Filter type uses immersion to filter or pressure type filters.Other is real with concrete
Execute mode one or two identical.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to three, described Flat Membrane
Or hollow-fibre membrane is ultrafilter membrane, the molecular cut off of film is 10-500kDa.One of other and detailed description of the invention one to three
Identical.
Detailed description of the invention five: present embodiment unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to four, described membrane module
The filtration flux of middle film uses 15-60L/ (m2H), filter cycle is 30-480min.Other is with detailed description of the invention one to four
One of identical.
Detailed description of the invention six: present embodiment is unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to five, and described aeration fills
It is set to perforated pipe aerating regulation or aeration plate aeration.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to five.
Detailed description of the invention seven: present embodiment unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to six, described lower valency
The saline solution of the monovalent cation that saline solution uses concentration to be 0.1-10mmol/L, uses as backwashing water.Other is with concrete
One of embodiment one to six is identical.
Detailed description of the invention eight: present embodiment is unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to seven, and described monovalence is positive
The saline solution of ion is sodium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid, sodium nitrate solution, potassium nitrate solution, metabisulfite solution or potassium sulfate
Solution.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention nine: present embodiment unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to eight, described lower valency
Saline solution can also use through simply dealt bitter or sea water, uses as backwashing water, it is adaptable to bitter area
And coastal area.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to eight.
Simply dealt bitter or sea water in present embodiment, refer to use existing desalination treatment technology to bitter or
Sea water carries out pretreatment, main removal polyvalent cation therein.
Detailed description of the invention ten: present embodiment is the device that Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in above-mentioned lower valency saline solution backwash
Application process, sequentially include the following steps:
One, water inlet: open water intaking valve 1 and treat that drainage passes through inlet pipeline and enters membrane cisterna 2, to water immersed ultrafiltration membrane group to be filtered
Part, opens vacuum pumping valve 4 and vacuum pumping pump 3 continues closedown after 10s；
Two, filter: open product water valve 5 and suction pump 6, by the negative pressure-pumping effect of suction pump 6, treat that drainage is by ultrafilter membrane
The outside of assembly is surveyed in entering thus is purified, and ultrafiltration is produced water and come together in the pipeline that catchments, subsequently into clear water reserviors 8；Described super
In filter membrane component, the filtration flux of film uses 15-60L/ (m2H), filter cycle is 30-480min；
Three, membrane cisterna liquid level is reduced: before backwash starts after filtering stopping, being first shut off water intaking valve 1, and suction pump 6 continues
Running, when the liquid level of membrane cisterna 2 drops to the low liquid level of setting, suction pump 6 quits work；
Four, backwash: lower valency saline solution configures in backwash pond 9, then opens backwash pump 10, by low
Valence state saline solution is reversely squeezed in hyperfiltration membrane assembly and is carried out film, and carries out aeration；
Five, membrane cisterna draining: open atmospheric valve 15 after backwash, completely or partially will be vented in membrane cisterna 2, pollutant warp
Pipeline enters wastewater disposal basin.
In present embodiment step one when starting the filter cycle that membrane cisterna 2 starts or one new, due to liquid level in membrane cisterna 2
Relatively low, drainage is to immersed ultrafiltration membrane assembly to need filling to treat；Maintain the water level in membrane cisterna 2 in ultrafiltration by the two position set
Above membrane module, under flood level.
In present embodiment step one, the purpose of evacuation is the air catchmenting in pipeline with eliminating, it is ensured that catchment in pipeline
Hydraulically full.
Liquid level described in present embodiment step 3 drops to the low liquid level of setting and refers to that liquid level drops to and ultrafilter membrane group
The position that part top maintains an equal level.
Present embodiment step 4 carries out backwash, is because along with the carrying out filtered, treat pollutant in drainage by
Gradually accumulate on hyperfiltration membrane assembly, make transmembrane pressure increase, need to stop filtration and carry out periodic backwash.
In present embodiment step 4, the purpose of aeration is strengthening backwash effect, because air bump rinse operation is formed on film surface
Shearing force, is conducive to polluter washing from film silk and entering in membrane cisterna.
Detailed description of the invention 12: present embodiment, unlike detailed description of the invention 11, treats drainage in step one
Go out for surface water, subsoil water, bitter, sea water, drinking water water treatment plant sand filter backwashing wastewater or secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work
Water.Other step and parameter are identical with detailed description of the invention 11.
Detailed description of the invention 13: present embodiment is unlike detailed description of the invention 11 or 12, and step 4 is anti-
In flushing process, in hyperfiltration membrane assembly, the backwash flux of film uses 15-240L/ (m2H), the backwash persistent period is 30-
120s.Other step and parameter are identical with detailed description of the invention 11 or 12.
Detailed description of the invention 14: present embodiment unlike one of detailed description of the invention ten one to ten three, step
In four, the intensity (calculating with membrane cisterna floor space) of aeration uses 50-90m3/(m2H), the aeration persistent period is 30-150s.Other
Step and parameter are identical with one of detailed description of the invention ten one to ten three.
Employing following example checking beneficial effects of the present invention:
Embodiment:
Shown in Fig. 1, the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash, and it includes water intaking valve 1, membrane cisterna
2, vacuum pumping pump 3, vacuum pumping valve 4, product water valve 5, suction pump 6, pressure transducer 7, clear water reserviors 8, backwash pond 9, backwash
Water pump 10, backwash valve 11, aerator 12, aeration valve 13, aerator 14 and atmospheric valve 15；
The inside of described membrane cisterna 2 arranges polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system, and the bottom of polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system arranges exposure
Device of air 14；The top of membrane cisterna 2 sets gradually vacuum-pumping pipeline, vacuum pumping valve 4 and vacuum pumping pump 3；The bottom of membrane cisterna 2 connect into
Water lines and water intaking valve 1, bottom installation of relief valve 15；Vacuum-pumping pipeline is connected with the pipeline that catchments, and the pipeline that catchments sets successively
Put pressure transducer 7, produce water valve 5, suction pump 6 and clear water reserviors 8；The pipeline that catchments is connected with counter-flushing pipeline, counter-flushing pipeline
On set backwash valve 11, backwash pump 10 and backwash pond 9 successively；It backwash pond 9 is lower valency saline solution.
The application process of the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in above-mentioned lower valency saline solution backwash, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, water inlet: open water intaking valve 1 and treat that drainage passes through inlet pipeline and enters membrane cisterna 2, do not have doughnut to surpass to water logging to be filtered
Filter membrane component, opens vacuum pumping valve 4 and vacuum pumping pump 3 continues closedown after 10s；
Two, filter: open product water valve and suction pump 6, by the negative pressure-pumping effect of suction pump 6, treat that drainage is fine by hollow
The outside of dimension hyperfiltration membrane assembly is surveyed in entering thus is purified, and ultrafiltration is produced water and come together in the pipeline that catchments, subsequently into clear water reserviors
8；The filtration flux of described hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane uses 30L/ (m2H), filter cycle is 60min；
Three, membrane cisterna liquid level is reduced: before backwash starts after filtering stopping, being first shut off water intaking valve 1, and suction pump 6 continues
Running, when the liquid level of membrane cisterna 2 drops to the low liquid level of setting, suction pump 6 quits work；
Four, backwash: lower valency saline solution configures in backwash pond 9, then opens backwash pump 10, by low
Valence state saline solution is reversely squeezed in polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system and is carried out film, and carries out aeration；
Five, membrane cisterna draining: open atmospheric valve 15 after backwash, completely or partially will be vented in membrane cisterna 2, pollutant warp
Pipeline enters wastewater disposal basin.
The present embodiment is former water with a certain natural surface water (river) and secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work water outlet, through 0.45
As treating drainage after μm filtering with microporous membrane, compared for using the sodium chloride solution (i.e. lower valency saline solution) of 1mmol/L and surpassing
Filtrate is as the fouling membrane of ultrafilter membrane during backwash water and backwash effect, and wherein ultrafilter membrane uses the PVDF material of 100kDa
The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane of matter, filtration flux and backwash flux are respectively 30 and 60L/ (m2H), filtration time and backwash
Time is respectively 60 and 1min, and the intensity (calculating with membrane cisterna floor space) of aeration uses 60m3/(m2H), the aeration persistent period is
90s.Result is as shown in table 1, has table 1 it can be seen that when backwashing water is replaced by sodium chloride solution by ultra-filtration water, transmembrane pressure
Difference growth pattern is significantly controlled.
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in the backwash of lower valency saline solution, it is characterised in that it includes water intaking valve (1), membrane cisterna
(2), vacuum pumping pump (3), vacuum pumping valve (4), product water valve (5), suction pump (6), pressure transducer (7), clear water reserviors (8), recoil
Washing basin (9), backwash pump (10), backwash valve (11), aerator (12), aeration valve (13), aerator (14) and put
Empty valve (15)；
The inside of described membrane cisterna (2) arranges hyperfiltration membrane assembly, and the bottom of hyperfiltration membrane assembly arranges aerator (14)；Membrane cisterna (2)
Top set gradually vacuum-pumping pipeline, vacuum pumping valve (4) and vacuum pumping pump (3)；The bottom of membrane cisterna (2) connect inlet pipeline and
Water intaking valve (1), bottom installation of relief valve (15)；Vacuum-pumping pipeline is connected with the pipeline that catchments, and the pipeline that catchments sets gradually pressure
Force transducer (7), product water valve (5), suction pump (6) and clear water reserviors (8)；The pipeline that catchments is connected with counter-flushing pipeline, backwash
Backwash valve (11), backwash pump (10) and backwash pond (9) are set gradually on pipeline；Backwash pond (9) is low
Valence state saline solution.
The device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State hyperfiltration membrane assembly and use organic membrane or inoranic membrane；It is polyether sulfone, polysulfones, polyethylene, polrvinyl chloride when using organic membrane, gathers partially
Fluorothene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile or cellulose acetate；It is aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide or oxidation during employing inoranic membrane
Silicon.
The device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The form stating hyperfiltration membrane assembly uses Flat Membrane or hollow-fibre membrane；Filter type uses immersion to filter or pressure type filters.
The device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State the saline solution of the monovalent cation that lower valency saline solution uses concentration to be 0.1-10mmol/L, use as backwashing water.
The device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The saline solution stating monovalent cation is sodium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid, sodium nitrate solution, potassium nitrate solution, metabisulfite solution
Or potassium sulfate solution.
The device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State lower valency saline solution can also use through simply dealt bitter or sea water, use as backwashing water, it is adaptable to be bitter
Salt water area and coastal area.
7. the application process of the device of lower valency saline solution backwash alleviation Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levy and be that it sequentially includes the following steps:
One, water inlet: open water intaking valve (1) and treat that drainage passes through inlet pipeline and enters membrane cisterna (2), to water immersed ultrafiltration membrane group to be filtered
Part, opens vacuum pumping valve (4) and vacuum pumping pump (3) continues closedown after 10s；
Two, filter: open product water valve (5) and suction pump (6), by the negative pressure-pumping effect of suction pump (6), treat that drainage is by ultrafiltration
The outside of membrane module is surveyed in entering thus is purified, and ultrafiltration is produced water and come together in the pipeline that catchments, subsequently into clear water reserviors (8)；Institute
The filtration flux stating film in hyperfiltration membrane assembly uses 15-60L/ (m2H), filter cycle is 30-480min；
Three, reduce membrane cisterna liquid level: before backwash starts after filtering stopping, being first shut off water intaking valve (1), and suction pump (6) continues
Running, when the liquid level of membrane cisterna (2) drops to the low liquid level of setting, suction pump (6) quits work；
Four, backwash: lower valency saline solution configures in backwash pond (9), then opens backwash pump (10), by low
Valence state saline solution is reversely squeezed in hyperfiltration membrane assembly and is carried out film, and carries out aeration；
Five, membrane cisterna draining: open atmospheric valve (15) after backwash, completely or partially will be vented in membrane cisterna (2), pollutant warp
Pipeline enters wastewater disposal basin.
The application process of the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 7, its
It is characterised by step one treating that drainage is that surface water, subsoil water, bitter, sea water, the sand filter backwash of drinking water water treatment plant are given up
Water or secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work water outlet.
The application process of the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 7, its
Being characterised by step 4 backwash process, in hyperfiltration membrane assembly, the backwash flux of film uses 15-240L/ (m2H), recoil
Washing the persistent period is 30-120s.
The application process of the device of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane is alleviated in lower valency saline solution backwash the most according to claim 7, its
Being characterised by step 4 backwash process, in step 4, the intensity of aeration uses 50-90m3/(m2H), the aeration persistent period
For 30-150s.
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