CN106114488B - Engine power quantization function selects - Google Patents

Engine power quantization function selects Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106114488B
CN106114488B CN201610497984.8A CN201610497984A CN106114488B CN 106114488 B CN106114488 B CN 106114488B CN 201610497984 A CN201610497984 A CN 201610497984A CN 106114488 B CN106114488 B CN 106114488B
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power
engine
quantization
tot
forecasting
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CN201610497984.8A
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CN106114488A (en
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法扎尔·阿拉曼·塞伊德
王青
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0043—Signal treatments, identification of variables or parameters, parameter estimation or state estimation
    • B60W2050/0052—Filtering, filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
    • B60W2540/106—Rate of change
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/30—Driving style
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/10—Historical data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0677—Engine power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

The present invention relates to the selections of engine power quantization function, disclose a kind of vehicle and a kind of method of running engine with engine and traction battery.Controller makes engine operate according to the engine power level of quantization.Quantization level depends on Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.For the value of lower Forecasting The Total Power Requirement, the quantization level of selection can be at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.For the value of higher Forecasting The Total Power Requirement, the quantization level of selection may be less than or equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.For the value between low value and high level, the quantization level of selection can be closest to the quantization level of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.Traction battery can receive or provide power according to the quantization level of selection.

Description

Engine power quantization function selects
The application be the applying date be on 04 25th, 2014, application No. is 201410172149.8, entitled " start The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of mechanomotive force quantization function selection ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid vehicle and the methods of control.
Background technology
Fig. 1 shows that traditional " Steam Generator in Load Follow " engine power for hybrid electric vehicle determines framework 10 Block diagram.In traditional framework 10, engine power instruction 12 is confirmed as driver's power command 14 and battery power instruction 16 summation.Therefore, in traditional framework 10, any change of engine direct ground connection response driver power command 14.
Therefore, in actually driving, any mixed and disorderly or radical driver's power command 14, which can be generated easily, starts The disturbance of mechanomotive force instruction 12.The disturbance can be reflected as the rapid fluctuations in engine power instruction 12 and shake.In this way Transition engine combustion efficiency can be had adverse effect on and consume additional transient condition fuel.In addition, many engine controls Parameter processed is that the change rate of " concluding ground " based on engine power instruction 12 is planned.Therefore, engine power disturbance can draw It plays other non-optimized engine settings and deteriorates fuel/air mixture mistake.Even if A/F (air/fuel) ratio can be kept In the close limit of appropriateness, but the integration effect of fuel enrichment caused by the transition by more frequently occurring can also be amplified and tire out The long-pending waste of fuel to higher level.
Invention content
A kind of vehicle is disclosed, the vehicle includes engine, traction battery and at least one controller.The controller It is configured as：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than predetermined value, power of the request from engine is at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that Traction battery receives power.The controller is configured as：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than another predetermined value, request, which comes from, starts The power of machine is less than Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that traction battery provides power to meet Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.The controller can also quilt It is configured to：The power from engine is asked with quantization level so that traction battery is according to the request of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement and quantization Motivation level between difference receive or provide power.Forecasting The Total Power Requirement, which can be driver demand for power and battery power, to be needed The summation asked.The controller is also configured to：With that of the value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement that is selected in quantization level One quantization level and ask the power from engine.The controller is also configured to：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than institute When stating predetermined value and being less than another predetermined value, with that quantization water closest to the value of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement in quantization level It puts down and asks the power from engine.
A kind of vehicle is disclosed, the vehicle includes engine, traction battery and at least one controller.The controller It is configured as：The power from engine is asked with the quantization level less than or equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that traction battery Power is provided to meet Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.The Forecasting The Total Power Requirement can be the total of driver demand for power and battery power demand With.The controller is also configured to：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than predetermined value, with the quantization at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement It is horizontal and ask the power from engine so that traction battery receives power from engine.The controller can also be configured For：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than predetermined value and is less than another predetermined value, selected in quantization level closest to total output That quantization level of the value of demand and ask the power from engine.
Disclose a kind of method for running engine.The method includes：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than predetermined value, The power from engine is exported at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.The method further includes：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than another pre- When definite value, power of the output from engine is less than Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.The method further includes：Described in being more than when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement Predetermined value and when less than another predetermined value, with that amount of the value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement that is selected in multiple quantization levels Change horizontal and asks the power from engine.The method may also include：The Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is driver demand for power With the summation of battery power demand.The method may also include：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than the predetermined value or is more than described another When one predetermined value, to be asked closest to that quantization level of the value of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement from engine in quantization level Power.
The Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is the summation of driver demand for power and battery power demand.
The method further includes：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than the predetermined value or is more than another predetermined value, with That quantization level of the value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement selected in multiple quantization levels and ask dynamic from engine Power.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the frame that framework is determined for traditional " Steam Generator in Load Follow " engine power of hybrid electric vehicle Figure；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagrames of exemplary hybrid vehicular；
Fig. 3 shows that improved engine power according to an embodiment of the invention determines the block diagram of framework, the engine Power determines that framework is configured to the control method for implementing to mitigate for engine transients in hybrid vehicle；
Fig. 4 shows engine power instruction quantization and lag journey of the description for the control method that engine transients mitigate The flow chart of the operation of sequence；
Fig. 5 shows the engine power instruction filtering journey of quantization of the description for the control method that engine transients mitigate The flow chart of the operation of sequence；
Fig. 6 shows that the diagram of a possible embodiment of selection quantization function represents.
Specific implementation mode
It there is described herein embodiment of the disclosure.It should be understood, however, that disclosed embodiment is only example, and And other embodiment can be embodied with various and optional form.Attached drawing is not necessarily drawn to scale；It can exaggerate or minimum Change some features to show the details of particular elements.Therefore, concrete structure disclosed herein and functional details should not be solved It is interpreted into limitation, and is only regarded as the representative basis for instructing those skilled in the art differently to use the present invention. As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, the multiple features for describing and showing with reference to any one attached drawing can at one Or more feature shown in other accompanying drawings be combined to produce the embodiment being not explicitly shown or described.The group of the feature shown The representative embodiment provided for typical case is provided.However, with the multiple combinations of the consistent feature of introduction of the disclosure and repairing Change and can be expected for specific application or implementation.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagrames of a possible embodiment of hybrid vehicle 20.Hybrid vehicle 20 includes the One wheel group 22, the second wheel group 24 and wheel drive system or powertrain 26.
Powertrain 26 may be structured to drive or activate the first wheel group 22 and/or the second wheel group 24.Power passes Dynamic is 26 can have any suitable construction, for example, tandem drive, shunting hybrid power drive as known to the skilled person The shunting of dynamic or double mode.In embodiment shown in figure 2, power drive line 26 has the driving configuration of power distribution formula.
Powertrain 26 may be structured to the first wheel group 22 of driving and/or the second wheel group 24, or provide torque To the first wheel group 22 and/or the second wheel group 24.In the illustrated embodiment, power drive line 26 is configured to driving first Wheel group 22, and motor 28 (for example, motor) is configured to the second wheel group 24 of driving.Alternatively, the second vehicle can be set Wheel group 24 is without motor 28.
Hybrid vehicle 20 may include any appropriate number of power source.In embodiment shown in figure 2, mixing is dynamic Power vehicle 20 includes main power source 30 and secondary power source 32.Main power source 30 can be that any suitable energy generates dress It sets (for example, internal combustion engine).Secondary power source 32 can be electric, non-electrical or combination thereof.Electrodynamic source can be used, For example, battery, the battery pack with the battery unit being electrically connected to each other, capacitor or fuel cell.If using battery, Battery can be the battery of any type, for example, nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH), Ni-Fe (Ni-Fe), nickel-cadmium (Ni- Cd), plumbic acid, zinc bromide (Zu-Br) or the battery based on lithium.If using capacitor, capacitor can be any appropriate The capacitor of type, for example, ultracapacitor (ultra capacitor), super capacitor (super capacitor), electrification Learn capacitor or double layer capacitor.The power source of non-electrical, which can be its energy, can be converted into electric energy or the device of mechanical energy. For example, hydraulic power supply or mechanical power source (for example, flywheel, spring, engine or compressed gas) can store as needed It can be converted into or be released to electric energy or the energy of mechanical energy.For brevity, description below will relate generally to include electronic The embodiment of the present invention in power source.
Main power source 30 and secondary power source 32 are applicable to provide power to dynamic transfer system 34 and/or motor 28.Dynamic transfer system 34 is applicable to drive one or more wheel groups 22,24.In at least one embodiment, power Transmission system 34 (for example, passing through drive shaft, chain or other mechanical attachments) can be connected to differential in any suitable manner Device 36.Differential mechanism 36 can be connected to each of first wheel group 22 by one or more axis 38 (for example, axis or semiaxis) Wheel.
Dynamic transfer system 34 may include multiple machineries, electric, and/or electromechanical device.In the illustrated embodiment, Dynamic transfer system 34 includes the planetary gear assembly 40 as critical piece, first motor 42, power transmission unit 44 and Two motors 46.
Planetary gear assembly 40 can have any suitable construction.In the illustrated embodiment, planetary gear assembly 40 wraps Include central gear 50, multiple planetary gears 52 and ring gear 54.
Main power source 30 can selectively bond to planetary gear assembly 40 by clutch 56.Clutch 56 can be The clutch of any suitable type, for example, allowing main power source 30 to drive the one-way clutch of planetary gear assembly 40.Such as Fruit clutch 56 engages, then main power source 30 can be such that planetary gear 52 rotates.Then, the rotation of planetary gear 52 can make Ring gear 54 rotates.Ring gear 54 can be coupled to power transmission unit 44, and power transmission unit 44 is attached to differential mechanism 36, For transmitting torque to wheel, to promote hybrid vehicle 20.Power transmission unit 44 may include being engageable to provide expectation Vehicle response multiple gear ratios.
First motor 42 (can be motor or motor generator) can be coupled to central gear 50, to provide torque To supplement or offset the torque provided by main power source 30.Brake 58 can be set reduce speed and/or from first electricity Torque or transmission of the machine 42 to central gear 50.
Secondary power source 32 and/or first motor 42 can provide power to the second motor 46.Second motor 46 (can be electricity Motivation) power transmission unit 44 is can be coupled to, to promote hybrid vehicle 20.
One or more controllers 60 can monitor and control many aspects of hybrid vehicle 20.For brevity, Show single controller 60；However, multiple controllers can be arranged, for monitoring and/or controlling component described here, system And function.
Controller 60 can be communicated with main power source 30, secondary power source 32 and motor 42,46, they are monitored and controlled Operating and performance.Controller 60 can be according to well known to a person skilled in the art modes to receive instruction engine speed, engine The signal of torque, speed, the operating condition of motor speed, Motor torque and secondary power source 32.For example, engine speed Sensor is applicable to the rotary speed or the speed of rotation of detection associated components, to detect engine speed.Such rotating speed passes Sensor can be integrated with main power source 30, to detect the rotary speed or the speed of rotation of the output shaft of main power source.It is alternative Ground, speed probe may be provided in powertrain 26, be located at the downstream side of main power source 30.
Controller 60 can receive the input signal from other component or subsystem.For example, controller 60 can receive instruction The signal accelerated by the vehicle of driver or Vehicular system (for example, active or smart cruise control system) request.Can by or It is carried based on the signal from input unit or sensor 62 (for example, accelerator pedal sensors or cruise control input unit) For such signal.
Controller 60 also can receive instruction and be asked by driver or Vehicular system (for example, active or smart cruise control system) The signal for the vehicle deceleration asked.Can by or based on from input unit or sensor 64 (for example, brake pedal sensor or Cruise control input unit) signal and such signal is provided.
Accelerate and deceleration request can be used for assessing whether occurring " pedal (tip-in) " event or " unclamp pedal (tip- Out) " event.The instruction of pedal event needs additional power or vehicle to accelerate.The pedal event instruction of release needs less dynamic Power or vehicle deceleration.For example, the driving of accelerator pedal may indicate that pedal event.Similarly, the braking, acceleration of vehicle are stepped on The release of plate or combination thereof, which may indicate that, unclamps pedal event.
In hybrid vehicle, accelerates (pedal) and event of slowing down and (unclamp pedal) can cause to provide to activate wheel Power change.In general, acceleration request increases power consumption demand and deceleration request reduces power consumption demand.This is dynamic The variation of power demand can cause the operating characteristics of at least one power source to change and provide wink of increased or reduction amount of power Change condition or state.
In the hybrid vehicle with engine, engine power can be that engine output torque and engine turn The function (for example, power (power)=torque × rotating speed) of speed.During transient condition, if engine torque and engine turn Speed is not controlled intelligently, then decrease fuel economy can occur.By more frequently pedal and/or unclamp pedal event Radical driving the shortcomings that can amplifying fuel economy.Compared with the conventional method, disclosed vehicle and method can pass through offer The control method of enhancing and improve fuel economy.
Fig. 3 shows changing for the control method for being configured to implement to mitigate for engine transients in hybrid vehicle Into engine power determine framework 70 a possible embodiment block diagram.Will with reference to engine (as major impetus Source) and the embodiment of hybrid vehicle of battery (as secondary power source) improved framework 70 is described；However, should manage Solution, can use other main power sources and secondary power source as described above in various embodiments.
The control method that engine transients mitigate includes for making engine power instruct the program of quantization and to engine The program that power command is filtered.The purpose that engine transients mitigate method is the wheel of effectively smooth engine power instruction Wide (profile) and battery is allowed to provide power come the high frequency section for filling driving power and mixed and disorderly part.
Compared with traditional framework 10, improved framework 70 executes program further below to describe engine power instruction Profile：(i) engine power instruction quantization and lag program (being described referring to Fig. 4)；(ii) engine power quantified Instruct filter (being described referring to Fig. 5).
The improved framework 70 that can implement in controller 60 includes engine power instruction quantization and filter module 72.It is logical Often, module 72 receives original engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 conduct inputs.Then, engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 can Instruct quantization and lag program and the engine power of quantization that filter is instructed to be handled by engine power.It generates Output be that smooth engine power instructs (Ptot_final)74.In 70 the two of traditional framework 10 and improved framework, hair Motivation power command (Ptot) 12 be confirmed as driver's power command 14 and battery power instruction 16 summation.However, improved The engine power of 70 output smoothing of framework instructs (Ptot_final) 74 (and with engine power instruct (Ptot) 12 controls) determine Engine torque command.
Quantization and filter module 72 include quantizer 76 and hysteresis logic 78.Quantizer 76 and hysteresis logic 78 are based on to hair Motivation power command (Ptot) 12 execution engine power instructions quantify and lag program (being described referring to Fig. 4) carrys out yield The engine power of change instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 outputs.
Quantization and filter module 72 may also include program 68, to select specific quantization function 76 to be used.Quantization Option program 68 may indicate that the type of the quantization executed at different conditions.Typical quantization function may include rounding up upwards (round up) to closest to higher quantization level upper limit function, round up (round down) downwards to closest lower It the lower limit function of quantization level or rounds up upwards or is rounded to the bracket function closest to quantization level downwards. The selection of specific quantization function may depend on the current operation state of vehicle.
One embodiment of Quantitatively Selecting function 68 can be based on engine power and instruct (Ptot)12.Engine power instructs 12 can reflect the Forecasting The Total Power Requirement of vehicle.Fig. 6 shows a possible embodiment of Quantitatively Selecting function, wherein engine Dynamic range is divided into individual part-low dynamics region 200, intermediate power region 202 and high powering region 204.These The value of recoverable can be used to determine for region, to limit its range.When engine power instruction 12 is located in given region, Different quantization functions may be selected.A kind of possible construction can be that upper limit function, dynamic in centre is selected within the scope of low dynamics Bracket function is selected within the scope of power and selects lower limit function in high dynamic range.Limiting the value of these ranges can be corrected, To provide improvement in fuel economy and aspect of performance.It is noted that description embodiment be only a possible scheme simultaneously And other embodiment may be selected.
With reference to Fig. 6, low dynamics threshold value 206 can be limited to the side between low dynamics region 200 and intermediate power region 202 Boundary.When engine power instruction is less than low dynamics threshold value 206, engine power can be considered to be in low dynamics region 200. High power threshold 208 can be also defined, and be limited to the boundary between intermediate power region 202 and high powering region 204.It falls Engine power instruction between low dynamics threshold value 206 and high power threshold 208 can considered to be in intermediate power region 202 In.Finally, it can be considered to be in high powering region 204 higher than the instruction of the engine power of high power threshold 208.
In each region in region in figure 6, as exemplary total engine power instruction and corresponding quantization power Instruction is depicted together.In low dynamics region 200, upper limit function is shown.It graphically shows and always starts in this way It is horizontal (as described in the power signal 212 by quantization) that mechanomotive force command signal 210 is quantified as next higher quantization. For upper limit function, the power command signal 212 of quantization will instruct letter equal to or higher than shown total engine power Numbers 210.In intermediate power region 202, bracket function is shown.Graphically show that total engine power refers in this way Enable signal 214 be rounded for immediate quantization level (as described in the power signal 216 by quantization).In such case Under, the power signal 216 of quantization can be higher or lower than total engine power command signal according to immediate quantization level 214.In high powering region 204, lower limit function is shown.Total engine power instruction letter is graphically shown in this way Numbers 220 are quantified as next lower quantization level (as described in the power signal 218 by quantization).For lower limit letter Number, the power command signal 218 of quantization will be equal to or less than shown total engine power command signal 220.
For example, the embodiment with fixed quantization step (Qntz_Step) can be described as follows：
Wherein, INT (x) is to be reduced to be less than the function of the immediate integer of value (x) and Qntz_Step to be quantization water Flat step-length (size).It is noted that the other embodiment of quantization function can be possible.
Engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 be driver's power command 14 and battery power instruction 16 summation and can be with Represent the Forecasting The Total Power Requirement of vehicle.After quantifying to handle engine power instruction 12 with filter module 72, smooth hair Motivation power command (Ptot_final) 74 can be instructed from engine power it is 12 different.It is more than in smooth engine power instruction 74 In the case of engine power instruction 12, since engine can generate power more more than the power of demand, power can quilt Supplied to battery.When smooth engine power instruction 74 is less than engine power instruction 12, battery can supply power to expire Deficiency in Football Association's power demand.
Referring back now to Fig. 3, quantization and filter module 72 may also include filter 82.Filter 82 can be by using low Bandpass filter instructs filter (being described referring to Fig. 5) to execute the engine power of quantization, with smooth engine power Instruct (Ptot) 12 and quantization engine power instruct (Ptot_quantized) differential force (Δ P) 84 between 80.Filter 82 can Generate differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86 conduct outputs.Then, the engine power of quantization can be made to instruct (Ptot_quantized) 80 and filtering differential force (Δ Pfiltered) 86 phase Calais generate smooth engine power instruction (Ptot_final)74.Smooth engine power instructs (Ptot_final) 74 can from quantization and filter module 72 export, for determining Engine torque command.
Filter 82 can be used by quantifying the filter constants for filtering determining computational chart 90 and providing with filter module 72 (Fk) 88 it to be used for smooth differential force (Δ P) 84, to generate differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered)86.It retouches in greater detail below It states, can adaptively determine filter constants (Fk) 88 based on the amplitude of fuel consumption % (Φ) 92 and differential force (Δ P) 84. It can be based on closed loop feedback λ (lambda, Hellenic 11st letter) A/F ratios and in line computation fuel consumption % (Φ) 92.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively illustrates flow chart 100 and 130, and flow chart 100 and 130 respectively describes engine power and refers to Enable the possibility embodiment of quantization and lag program and the engine power of quantization instruction filter.
Such as those of ordinary skill in the art it will be appreciated that, flow chart 100 and 130 indicate can be used hardware, software or they Combination come the control logic implemented.For example, the microprocessor of programming can be used to execute multiple functions.Control logic can be used Arbitrary programming or treatment technology or strategy in programming or treatment technology or strategy known to multiple are shown to execute and be not limited to The sequence of the order gone out.For example, using interruption or event-driven program in real-time control application, rather than shown by using Pure order policies.Similarly, double processing, multitask or multi-threaded system and method can be used to realize the present invention Objects, features and advantages.
Certain programmed language, operating system of the present invention independent of the control logic for developing and/or implementing to show Processor or circuit.It similarly, can be in the substantially the same time according to showing according to specific programming language and processing strategy The sequence gone out performs various functions, or performs various functions in a different order, while realizing the features of the present invention and excellent Point.Without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, it can modify to the function of showing or save in some cases The function of slightly showing.
Referring now to Fig. 4 description engine power instruction is shown with continued reference to improved framework 70 shown in Fig. 3 The flow chart 100 of quantization and the operation of lag program.The quantizer 76 and hysteresis logic 78 of quantization and filter module 72 execute should Program.
The program, which provides, to be designed to original engine power instructing (Ptot) 12 discretizations enter it is scheduled (can Calibration) power quantization flow in grid.When engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 fluctuated in unit power mesh spacing When, engine power instructs the constant level for being maintained at quantization, to eliminate any quick variation or shake.For example, it is assumed that dynamic The size of strength mesh spacing is 5kW, then the instruction fluctuation of any engine with " amplitude of variation " less than 5kW will be by It filters out.Alternatively, battery power fills transient demand.
Hysteresis logic is embedded into, to prevent the engine power instruction of quantization from not wished between two adjacent quantization grids That hopes is switched fast.During pedal event, at cycle (iteration) n, only (P is instructed in engine powertot) 12 " amplitude increase " is more than the value of the engine power instruction (being recorded according to preceding one cycle (n-1)) of previous quantization In the case of higher than upper limit threshold, the engine power instruction of quantization can be just updated accordingly.Otherwise, the engine power of quantization Instruction keeps identical as preceding one cycle.Similarly, lower threshold has been used in hysteresis logic to be used to unclamp pedal event.
Engine power instruction quantization and the operation of lag program start from and " upper limit ", " lower limit " and " net are arranged in block 102 The value of lattice size ".The size of step-length of the size of mesh opening value instruction for each quantifying grid.Upper limit value instruction is used for pedal thing The engine power of part instructs " amplitude increase " threshold value.Lower limiting value instruction is instructed for unclamping the engine power of pedal event " amplitude reduction " threshold value.
Before being quantified, the part that selectable the step of selecting quantization function can be used as frame 102 executes.Quantization The selection of function can be based on engine power and instruct (Ptot)12.In block 102, during previous cycle " n ", quantizer 76 will Engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 functions for being quantized into size of mesh opening, to generate the engine of the quantization for previous cycle " n " Power command (Ptot_quantized).The quantization (can be able to be upper limit function, lower limit function or taken by the quantization function of selection Integral function) it executes.
In frame 104, check that engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 to determine PtotWhether zero is more than.If in frame 104 Engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 be not more than zero, then quantify in frame 106 engine power instruction (Ptot_quantized)80 It is set as engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot).If engine power instructs in frame 104 (Ptot) 12 be more than zero, then described program proceeds to frame 108.
Frame 108 checks for pedal event.If there is pedal event in block 108, in block 110 Hysteresis logic 78 checks that engine power instructs (Ptot) the 12 engines instruction (P quantified more than previous timetot_quantized_last) Value whether be predetermined amount.Inspection operation can be by instructing (P by engine powertot) 12 engines quantified with previous time Power command (Ptot_quantized_last) and the summation of upper limit value be compared (that is, Ptot>Ptot_quantized_last+ the upper limit) come At (frame 110).The engine power of previous quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized_last) it is to pass through at preceding one cycle " n-1 " The value that quantizer 76 records.If engine power instruction 12 is more than that the value of the engine power instruction of previous quantization is predetermined Amount, then as indicated by box 112, the engine power of quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 be arranged to generate in block 102 The engine power of quantization for previous cycle " n " instructs (Ptot_quantized) (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot_quantized)。 If engine power instruction 12 is more than that the value of the engine power instruction of previous quantization is not predetermined amount, such as frame 114 Shown, the engine power of quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized) the 80 engine powers instructions for being arranged to previous time quantization (Ptot_quantized_last) (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot_quantized_last)。
If there is no pedal event (frame 108), pedal event is unclamped it would be possible that existing.Hysteresis logic 78 checks hair Motivation power command (Ptot) the 12 engine powers instruction (P quantified less than previous timetot_quantized_last) value whether be pre- It is quantitative.Inspection operation can be by instructing (P by engine powertot) the 12 engine powers instructions quantified with previous time (Ptot_quantized_last) difference between lower limiting value is compared (that is, Ptot<Ptot_quantized_lastLower limit) complete (frame 116).If engine power instructs (Ptot) the 12 engine powers instruction (P quantified less than previous timetot_quantized_last) Value is predetermined amount, then as depicted in element 118, the engine power of the quantization of output instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 be arranged to The engine power of the quantization for previous cycle " n " generated in frame 102 instructs (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot_quantized)。 If engine power instructs (Ptot) the 12 engine powers instruction (P quantified less than previous timetot_quantized_last) value not It is predetermined amount, then as shown in block 120, the engine power of the quantization of output instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 it is arranged to previous The engine power of secondary quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized_last) (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot_quantized_last)。
Then, the engine power of previous quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized_last) be updated to (frame 122) and followed currently The engine power of the quantization of the output determined in ring instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 (that is, Ptot_quantized_last= Ptot_quantized).In turn, the engine power instruction of newer previous quantization is used to recycle next time in subsequent point in time The engine power of (i.e. n+1) instructs (Ptot)12。
Referring now to Fig. 5, with continued reference to improved framework 70 shown in Fig. 3, show description quantization start it is motor-driven Power instructs the flow chart 130 of filter.The filter 82 of quantization and filter module 72 executes the program.
First, filter 82 accesses the engine power instruction (P of the quantization of outputtot_quantized) 80 and previous time quantization Engine power instruct (Ptot_quantized_last).As above with reference to indicated by Fig. 3, filter 82 receives engine power Instruct (Ptot) 12 and quantization engine power instruct (Ptot_quantized) differential force (Δ P) 84 between 80 is (that is, Δ P= Ptot-Ptot_quantized) as input.Filter 82 is also received by filtering the filter constants (Fk) for determining that computational chart 90 provides 88 as input.
The operation of the engine power instruction filter of quantization starts from filter 82 and checks that the engine power of quantization refers to Enable (Ptot_quantized) the 80 and previous secondary engine power instruction (P quantifiedtot_quantized_last) whether have difference (that is, Ptot_quantized≠Ptot_quantized_last, as indicated by the block 132).If the engine power of quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized)80 (P is instructed with the engine power of previous quantizationtot_quantized_last) there is difference, then filter 82 is again by differential force (Δ P) 84 is set as zero and by the differential force of filtering (Δ Pfiltered) 86 zero is set as (that is, Δ P=0 and Δ Pfiltered= 0, as shown at block 134).If the engine power of quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 and previous time quantization engine power Instruct (Ptot_quantized_last) value having the same, then differential force (Δ P) 84 is set as sending out in 136 median filter 82 of frame Motivation power command (Ptot) 12 and output quantization engine power instruct (Ptot_quantized) difference between 80 is (that is, Δ P =Ptot-Ptot_quantized).In frame 138, filter 82 obtains filter constant (Fk) 88.In a block 140, it is obtained from frame 136 The differential force (Δ P) 84 of the function as filter constant (Fk) 88 filtered, to generate differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86。
Once frame 134 or frame 140 are completed, filter 84 is by differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86 outputs extremely quantify and filter The summing junction 94 of wave module 72.If exported from frame 134, differential force (the Δ P filteredfiltered) 86 it is zero.If from frame 140 outputs, then differential force (the Δ P filteredfiltered) 86 it is the function for being filtered into filter constant (Fk) 88 obtained from frame 136 Differential force (Δ P) 84.
Program from frame 134 and frame 140 continues to frame 142, and frame 142 checks that engine power instructs (Ptot)12 Whether zero is more than (that is, Ptot>0).If engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 it is not more than zero, it, will be from amount then as shown by block 144 Change and the engine power of the output of filter module 72 instructs (Ptot_final) 74 be arranged to engine power instruction (Ptot)12 (that is, Ptot_final=Ptot).If engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 be more than zero, then as shown at block 146, output is started Mechanomotive force instructs (Ptot_final) 74 be arranged to quantization engine powers instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 and filtering differential force (ΔPfiltered) 86 summation (that is, Ptot_final=Ptot_quantized+ΔPfiltered).In addition, quantization and filter module 72 are asked (P is instructed to the engine power of quantization with node 94tot_quantized) 80 and filtering differential force (Δ Pfiltered) 86 summations, so Output engine power command (P afterwardstot_final) 74 (summations of above-mentioned two variable).
As shown in figure 3, quantization and filter module 72, which provide engine power, instructs (Ptot_final) 74 to Vehicular system control (VCS) module 96 (for example, another part of controller 60).VCS modules 96 are based on engine power and instruct (Ptot_final) 74 really Surely it is used for the optimal engine torque command of engine 30.Quantization and filter module 72 can also instruct engine power (Ptot_final) 74 it is provided to engine running management strategy (EOMS) module 98 (for example, another part of controller 60).EOMS Module 98 is based on engine power and instructs (Ptot_final) 74 determination engine speed instructions.
The design principle that filtering determines computational chart 90 will be explained in further detail now.When differential force (Δ P) is smaller, application Faster filtering.This means that allowing the variation more by a small margin that engine power instructs to a certain extent, this is because should Influence of the variation more by a small margin for triggering burning transition is smaller.When differential force (Δ P) is larger, application is more slowly filtered Wave so that larger instruction fluctuation and unexpected variation are largely smooth in open loop, are potentially burnt with reduction inefficient Property.On the other hand, fuel consumption % (Φ) is higher, and the filtering needed is slower, to further suppress faster transition.When detecting When larger enrichment A/F errors, such closed loop mechanism ensure that smooth engine power.
It is noted that working as Ptot_quantized≠Ptot_quantized_lastWhen (instruction is implicitly present in from the desired of driver Engine power changes), it can be to differential force (the Δ P of differential force (Δ P) 84 and filteringfiltered) 86 application reset (Fig. 5's Frame 134).Therefore, the engine power of output is allowed to instruct (Ptot_final) 74 jump to it is new on the power grid of quantization Point.
To sum up, instructing (P in the engine power to inputtot) 12 quantified and filtered after, the mould of final output The engine power of type (profiled) instructs (Ptot_final) 74 be confirmed as quantization engine powers instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 and filtering differential force (Δ Pfiltered) 86 summation (that is, Ptot_final=Ptot_quantized+Δ Pfiltered)。
It is provided the advantage that and be may include by engine transients mitigation method：Smooth engine, which is operated and eliminated, in open loop is not required to The engine combustion transition wanted, leniently to mitigate A/F enrichments；It is driven using battery to absorb driver's power " disturbance " and handle The high frequency section of the person's of sailing power and mixed and disorderly part；And the adaptive optimization engine between " load balancing " and " Steam Generator in Load Follow " Power, further to improve fuel economy.
Program, method or algorithm disclosed herein may pass to processing unit, controller or computer/by handle fill It sets, controller or computer realize that the processing unit, controller or computer may include any existing programmable electronic control Unit processed or dedicated electronic control unit.Similarly, described program, method or algorithm can be stored as in a variety of forms The data that can be executed by controller or computer and instruction, the diversified forms include but not limited to be permanently stored in it is non-writable Information on storage medium (such as, ROM device) and be changeably stored in writable storage media (such as, floppy disk, tape, CD, Ram set and other magnetic mediums and optical medium) on information.Described program, method or algorithm can also be implemented as software Executable object.Optionally, described program, method or algorithm can utilize suitable hardware component (such as, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), state machine, controller or other hardware components or device) or hardware, software Combination with fastener components is implemented in whole or in part.
Although described above is exemplary embodiments, it is not intended that these embodiments describe claim includes All possible form.The word used in specification is unrestricted for descriptive words, and should be understood that and do not taking off In the case of from spirit and scope of the present disclosure, it can be variously modified.As described above, can combine the feature of multiple embodiments with Form the further embodiment that the possibility of the present invention is not explicitly described or shown.Although multiple embodiments have been described as providing Advantage can be better than other embodiments or prior art embodiment in terms of one or more desired characteristics, but this field Those of ordinary skill it should be appreciated that one or more features or feature can be compromised, to realize desired total system Attribute, the desired total system attribute depend on specific application and embodiment.These attributes include but not limited at Sheet, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, appearance, packaging, size, serviceability, weight, can be made intensity The property made, assembly easiness etc..Therefore, it is not so good as other embodiments or the prior art in terms of being described as be in one or more characteristics The embodiment of embodiment outside the scope of the present disclosure and not can be expected for special applications.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of vehicle, including：
Engine；
Traction battery；
At least one controller, is configured as：When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is between first predetermined value and second predetermined value, request hair Motivation is with the power of the motivation level of the quantization of the value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement selected from the motivation level of multiple quantizations Level operating so that traction battery receives according to the difference between Forecasting The Total Power Requirement and the motivation level or provide power.
2. vehicle as described in claim 1, wherein at least one controller is additionally configured to：It is needed in response to total output It asks and is less than first predetermined value, request engine from the motivation level of the multiple quantization to select closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement Value simultaneously at least equal to the motivation level operating of the motivation level of the quantization of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that traction battery is from engine Receive power.
3. vehicle as described in claim 1, wherein at least one controller is additionally configured to：It is needed in response to total output It asks and is more than second predetermined value, request engine from the motivation level of the multiple quantization to select closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement Value simultaneously less than the motivation level operating of the motivation level of the quantization of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that traction battery, which provides power, to expire Football Association's power demand.
4. vehicle as described in claim 1, wherein the Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is driver demand for power and battery power demand Summation.
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