CN104118423B - Engine power quantization function selects - Google Patents

Engine power quantization function selects Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104118423B
CN104118423B CN201410172149.8A CN201410172149A CN104118423B CN 104118423 B CN104118423 B CN 104118423B CN 201410172149 A CN201410172149 A CN 201410172149A CN 104118423 B CN104118423 B CN 104118423B
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Prior art keywords
power
forecasting
tot
quantization
total power
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CN201410172149.8A
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CN104118423A (en
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法扎尔·阿拉曼·塞伊德
王青
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Priority claimed from US13/870,075 external-priority patent/US8914216B2/en
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Priority to CN201610497984.8A priority Critical patent/CN106114488B/en
Publication of CN104118423A publication Critical patent/CN104118423A/en
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60W2050/005—Sampling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0043—Signal treatments, identification of variables or parameters, parameter estimation or state estimation
    • B60W2050/0052—Filtering, filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
    • B60W2540/106—Rate of change
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/30—Driving style
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/10—Historical data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0677—Engine power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

The present invention relates to engine power quantization function select, disclose and a kind of there is electromotor and the vehicle of traction battery and a kind of method of running engine.Controller makes electromotor operate according to the engine power level quantified.Quantization level depends on Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.For the value of relatively low Forecasting The Total Power Requirement, the quantization level of selection can be at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.For the value of higher Forecasting The Total Power Requirement, the quantization level of selection may be less than or equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.For the value being between low value and high level, the quantization level of selection can be closest to the quantization level of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.Traction battery can receive according to the quantization level selected or provide power.

Description

Engine power quantization function selects
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to motor vehicle driven by mixed power and control.
Background technology
Fig. 1 shows that traditional " Steam Generator in Load Follow " engine power for hybrid electric vehicle is true Determine the block diagram of framework 10.In traditional framework 10, engine power instruction 12 is confirmed as driver Power command 14 and the summation of battery power instruction 16.Therefore, in traditional framework 10, electromotor Directly respond any change of driver's power command 14.
Therefore, in reality is driven, any mixed and disorderly or radical driver's power command 14 can be easily Produce the disturbance of engine power instruction 12.Described disturbance can be reflected as in engine power instruction 12 Rapid fluctuations and shake.Engine combustion efficiency can be had adverse effect on and consume by such transition Extra transient condition fuel.Additionally, a lot of control parameters of engine are that " concluding ground " is based on engine power The rate of change of instruction 12 is planned.Therefore, engine power disturbance can cause other non-optimized sending out Motivation arranges and deteriorates fuel/air mixture mistake.Even if A/F (air/fuel) ratio can be maintained at appropriateness Close limit in, but the integration effect of the fuel enrichment caused by the transition frequently occurred also can be put Big and be accumulate to the waste of fuel of higher level.
Summary of the invention
Disclosing a kind of vehicle, described vehicle includes electromotor, traction battery and at least one controller. Described controller is configured to: when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than predetermined value, ask the power from electromotor At least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that traction battery receives power.Described controller is configured to: when always When power demand is more than another predetermined value, the power from electromotor is asked to be less than Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that Traction battery provides power to meet Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.Described controller is also configured to: to quantify water Flat request is from the power of electromotor so that traction battery is dynamic according to the request of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement and quantization Difference between force level receives or provides power.Forecasting The Total Power Requirement can be driver demand for power and electricity The summation of pond power demand.Described controller is also configured to: closest with select in quantization level The power from electromotor is asked in that quantization level of value of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.Described controller It is also configured to: when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than described predetermined value and is less than another predetermined value described, with That asks from electromotor in quantization level closest to that quantization level of value of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is dynamic Power.
Disclosing a kind of vehicle, described vehicle includes electromotor, traction battery and at least one controller. Described controller is configured to: ask with the quantization level less than or equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement from starting The power of machine so that traction battery provides power to meet Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.Described Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is permissible It is driver demand for power and the summation of battery power demand.Described controller is also configured to: when always When power demand is less than predetermined value, ask with the quantization level at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement from starting The power of machine so that traction battery receives power from electromotor.Described controller is also configured to: when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement more than predetermined value and less than another predetermined value time, with in quantization level selection closest to That quantization level of the value of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement and ask the power from electromotor.
Disclose a kind of method for running engine.Described method includes: when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than During predetermined value, export from the power of electromotor at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.Described method also includes: When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than another predetermined value, exports the power from electromotor and be less than Forecasting The Total Power Requirement. Described method also includes: when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than described predetermined value and is less than another predetermined value, with many That quantization level of the value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement of selecting in individual quantization level and ask spontaneous The power of motivation.Described method may also include that described Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is driver demand for power and battery The summation of power demand.Described method may also include that when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement less than described predetermined value or is more than During another predetermined value described, with that quantization level of value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement in quantization level And ask the power from electromotor.
Described Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is driver demand for power and the summation of battery power demand.
Described method also includes: when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than described predetermined value or makes a reservation for more than described another During value, with in multiple quantization level select the value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement that quantization level and Ask the power from electromotor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows that traditional " Steam Generator in Load Follow " engine power for hybrid electric vehicle is true Determine the block diagram of framework；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of exemplary hybrid vehicular；
Fig. 3 shows that the engine power improved according to an embodiment of the invention determines the block diagram of framework, This engine power determines that framework is configured to implement what engine transients in motor vehicle driven by mixed power alleviated Control method；
Fig. 4 shows the engine power instruction quantization describing the control method alleviated for engine transients The flow chart of the operation with delayed program；
Fig. 5 shows that description refers to for the engine power of the quantization of the control method that engine transients alleviates Make the flow chart of the operation of filter；
Fig. 6 shows that the diagram of the possible embodiment selecting quantization function represents.
Detailed description of the invention
There is described herein and embodiment of the disclosure.It should be understood, however, that disclosed embodiment is only It is example, and other embodiments can embody with various and optional form.Accompanying drawing might not be according to Ratio is drawn；Can exaggerate or minimize some features to illustrate the details of particular elements.Therefore, public at this Concrete structure and the functional details opened should not be construed as limiting, and are only regarded as instructing Those skilled in the art differently uses the representative basis of the present invention.Ordinary skill people such as this area Member it will be appreciated that, describe with reference to any one accompanying drawing and multiple features of illustrating can with at one or more Feature shown in other accompanying drawings is combined to produce the embodiment being not explicitly depicted or describing.The feature illustrated Combination provide for typical case application representative embodiment.But, the spy consistent with the teaching of the disclosure The multiple combination levied and amendment can be expected to be useful in application-specific or enforcement.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of a possible embodiment of motor vehicle driven by mixed power 20.Motor vehicle driven by mixed power 20 include first wheel group the 22, second wheel group 24 and wheel drive system or PWTN 26.
PWTN 26 may be structured to drive or activate the first wheel group 22 and/or the second wheel group 24. PWTN 26 can have any suitable structure, such as, connects as known to the skilled person Drive, shunting hybrid power drives or double mode shunting.In embodiment shown in figure 2, dynamic Power drivetrain 26 has power distribution formula and drives configuration.
PWTN 26 may be structured to drive the first wheel group 22 and/or the second wheel group 24, or There is provided moment of torsion to the first wheel group 22 and/or the second wheel group 24.In the illustrated embodiment, power drives Dynamic is 26 to be configured to drive the first wheel group 22, and motor 28 (such as, motor) is configured to Drive the second wheel group 24.Alternately, the second wheel group 24 can be set and there is no motor 28.
Motor vehicle driven by mixed power 20 can include any appropriate number of power source.Embodiment shown in figure 2 In, motor vehicle driven by mixed power 20 includes main power source 30 and secondary power source 32.Main power source 30 Can be any suitable arrangement for acquiring energy (such as, explosive motor).Secondary power source 32 is permissible It it is electric, non-electrical or combinations thereof.Can use electrodynamic source, such as, battery, there is mutual electricity The set of cells of battery unit, capacitor or the fuel cell connected.If use battery, then battery can To be the battery of any type, such as, nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH), Ni-Fe (Ni-Fe), Nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), plumbic acid, zinc bromide (Zu-Br) or battery based on lithium.If making electricity container, So capacitor can be the capacitor of any type, such as, ultracapacitor (ultra capacitor), Super capacitor (super capacitor), electrochemical capacitor or double layer capacitor.The power source of non-electrical can To be its energy device that can be converted into electric energy or mechanical energy.Such as, hydraulic power supply or machine power Source (such as, flywheel, spring, electromotor or compressed gas) can store and can be converted into as required Or it is released to the energy of electric energy or mechanical energy.For brevity, explained below will relate generally to comprise electricity The embodiments of the invention of power source.
Main power source 30 and secondary power source 32 are applicable to provide power to dynamic transfer system 34 And/or motor 28.Dynamic transfer system 34 is applicable to drive one or more wheel group 22,24. In at least one embodiment, dynamic transfer system 34 can be (such as, logical in any suitable manner Overdrive axle, chain or other mechanical attachment) it is connected to differential mechanism 36.Differential mechanism 36 can by one or More axles 38 (such as, axle or semiaxis) are connected to each wheel in the first wheel group 22.
Dynamic transfer system 34 can include multiple machinery, electricity and/or the device of electromechanics.Illustrating Embodiment in, dynamic transfer system 34 includes the planetary gear assembly 40, first as critical piece Motor 42, power transmission unit 44 and the second motor 46.
Planetary gear assembly 40 can have any suitable structure.In the illustrated embodiment, planetary gear Assembly 40 includes central gear 50, multiple planetary gear 52 and ring gear 54.
Main power source 30 can selectively bond to planetary gear assembly 40 by clutch 56.Clutch Device 56 can be the clutch of any suitable type, such as, it is allowed to main power source 30 drives planet The one-way clutch of gear assembly 40.If clutch 56 engages, then main power source 30 can make Planetary gear 52 rotates.Then, the rotation of planetary gear 52 can make ring gear 54 rotate.Annular tooth Wheel 54 can be coupled to power transmission unit 44, and power transmission unit 44 is attached to differential mechanism 36, is used for passing Torque delivery is to wheel, to advance motor vehicle driven by mixed power 20.Power transmission unit 44 can include being engageable to Multiple gear ratios that desired vehicle responds are provided.
First motor 42 (can be motor or motor generator) can be coupled to central gear 50, To provide moment of torsion to supplement or offset the moment of torsion provided by main power source 30.Brake 58 can be set Reduce speed and/or from the moment of torsion of the first motor 42 to central gear 50 or transmission.
Secondary power source 32 and/or the first motor 42 can provide power to the second motor 46.Second motor 46 (can be motor) can be coupled to power transmission unit 44, to advance motor vehicle driven by mixed power 20.
One or more controller 60 can monitor and control the many aspects of motor vehicle driven by mixed power 20.For For purpose of brevity, it is shown that single controller 60；But, multiple controller can be set, for monitoring and/ Or control parts described here, system and function.
Controller 60 can communicate with main power source 30, secondary power source 32 and motor 42,46, with Their operating and performance are monitored and controlled.Controller 60 can be according to well known to a person skilled in the art mode Receive instruction engine speed, engine torque, speed, motor speed, Motor torque and secondary The signal of the operating condition of power source 32.Such as, engine speed sensor is applicable to detect dependent part The rotary speed of part or the speed of rotation, to detect engine speed.Such speed probe can with mainly Power source 30 is integrated, to detect rotary speed or the speed of rotation of the output shaft of main power source.Alternative Ground, speed probe may be provided in PWTN 26, is positioned at the downstream of main power source 30.
Controller 60 can receive the input signal from miscellaneous part or subsystem.Such as, controller 60 Can receive what instruction was asked by driver or Vehicular system (such as, active or smart cruise control system) The signal that vehicle accelerates.Can by or based on from input equipment or sensor 62, (such as, accelerator is stepped on Plate sensor or cruise control input equipment) signal and such signal is provided.
Controller 60 also can receive instruction by driver or Vehicular system (such as, active or intelligent cruise control System processed) signal of vehicle deceleration asked.Can pass through or based on from input equipment or sensor 64 (example As, brake pedal sensor or cruise control input equipment) signal and such signal is provided.
Accelerate and deceleration request can be used for assessing whether " pedal (tip-in) " event occurs or " unclamps Pedal (tip-out) " event.The instruction of pedal event needs extra power or vehicle to accelerate.Unclamp The instruction of pedal event needs less power or vehicle deceleration.Such as, the driving of accelerator pedal may indicate that Pedal event.Similarly, the braking of vehicle, the release of accelerator pedal or combinations thereof may indicate that pine Open pedal event.
In motor vehicle driven by mixed power, accelerate (pedal) and (the unclamping pedal) event of deceleration may result in and carries Change for activating the power of wheel.Generally, acceleration request increases power consumption demand and slows down Request reduces power consumption demand.The operating that the change of this power demand may result at least one power source is special Levy change and increase is provided or the transient condition of amount of power that reduces or state.
In the motor vehicle driven by mixed power with electromotor, engine power can be engine output torque and The function (such as, power (power)=moment of torsion × rotating speed) of engine speed.During transient condition, as Really engine torque and engine speed are not controlled intelligently, then decrease fuel economy can occur. By more frequently pedal and/or unclamp the radical driving of pedal event and can amplify fuel economy Shortcoming.Compared with the conventional method, disclosed vehicle and method can be strengthened by offer control method and change Enter fuel economy.
Fig. 3 shows the control being configured to implement to alleviate for engine transients in motor vehicle driven by mixed power The engine power of the improvement of method determines the block diagram of a possible embodiment of framework 70.Will be with reference to having The motor vehicle driven by mixed power of electromotor (as main power source) and battery (as secondary power source) Embodiment describes the framework 70 of improvement；However, it should be understood that in various embodiments can as above institute State other main power sources of use and secondary power source.
The control method that engine transients alleviates includes the program and right for making engine power instruction quantify Engine power instructs the program being filtered.It is effectively to smooth that engine transients alleviates the purpose of method Engine power instruction profile (profile) and allow battery provide power fill drive power high frequency Part and mixed and disorderly part.
Compared with traditional framework 10, the framework 70 of improvement performs program further below to be described to start The profile of mechanomotive force instruction: the instruction of (i) engine power quantifies and delayed program (is retouched referring to Fig. 4 State)；(ii) engine power instruction filter (describing referring to Fig. 5) quantified.
The framework 70 of the improvement can implemented in controller 60 includes that engine power instruction quantifies and filtering Module 72.Generally, module 72 receives original engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 conduct inputs.So After, engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 can by engine power instruction quantify and delayed program and amount The engine power instruction filter changed processes.Produce the engine power being output as smoothing to refer to Make (Ptot_final)74.In both frameworks 70 of traditional framework 10 and improvement, engine power refers to Make (Ptot) 12 be confirmed as driver's power command 14 and battery power instruction 16 summation.But, Engine power instruction (the P of framework 70 output smoothing improvedtot_final) 74 (and with engine power instruct (Ptot) 12 comparisons) determine engine torque command.
Quantify and filtration module 72 includes quantizer 76 and hysteresis logic 78.Quantizer 76 and delayed patrol Collect 78 and instruct (P based on to engine powertot) 12 execution engine power instruction quantization and delayed programs (describing referring to Fig. 4) produces the engine power instruction (P of quantizationtot_quantized) 80 outputs.
Quantify and filtration module 72 may also include program 68, to select will use specifically to quantify letter Several 76.Quantitatively Selecting program 68 may indicate that the type of the quantization performed at different conditions.Typical amount Change function can include upwards rounding up (round up) to closest to higher amount level upper limit function, Round up downwards (round down) to the lower limit function or upwards closest to lower quantization level Round up or be rounded to downwards the bracket function closest to quantization level.Specific quantization function Select can be depending on the current operation state of vehicle.
One embodiment of Quantitatively Selecting function 68 can instruct (P based on engine powertot)12.Start Mechanomotive force instruction 12 can reflect the Forecasting The Total Power Requirement of vehicle.Fig. 6 shows that of Quantitatively Selecting function can Can embodiment, wherein, engine power scope be divided into single part-low dynamics region 200, in Between powering region 202 and high powering region 204.These regions can use correctable value to determine, To limit its scope.When engine power instruction 12 is positioned at given region, optional different amount Change function.A kind of possible structure can be to select upper limit function in the range of low dynamics, in intermediate power In the range of select bracket function and in high dynamic range select lower limit function.Limit the value of these scopes Can be corrected, improve to provide in fuel economy and aspect of performance.It is noted that the embodiment described It is only a possible scheme and other embodiments optional.
With reference to Fig. 6, low dynamics threshold value 206 can be defined to low dynamics region 200 and intermediate power region 202 Between border.When engine power instruction is less than low dynamics threshold value 206, engine power can be recognized For being in low dynamics region 200.High power threshold 208 also can be defined, and it is defined to intermediate power Border between region 202 and high powering region 204.Fall at low dynamics threshold value 206 and high power threshold Engine power instruction between 208 can considered to be in intermediate power region 202.Finally, it is higher than The engine power instruction of high power threshold 208 can considered to be in high powering region 204.
In each region in region in figure 6, the total engine power as example instructs with corresponding Quantify power command to be depicted together.In low dynamics region 200, it is shown that upper limit function.So with The mode of figure shows that total engine power command signal 210 is quantified as next higher quantization level (as described by the power signal 212 by quantifying).For upper limit function, the power of quantization refers to Make signal 212 by equal to or higher than shown total engine power command signal 210.In intermediate power In region 202, it is shown that bracket function.The most graphically show that total engine power instructs Signal 214 is rounded as immediate quantization level (as described by the power signal 216 by quantifying). In this case, the power signal 216 of quantization can be higher or lower than according to immediate quantization level Total engine power command signal 214.In high powering region 204, it is shown that lower limit function.So Graphically show that total engine power command signal 220 is quantified as next relatively low quantization Level (as described by the power signal 218 by quantifying).For lower limit function, the power of quantization refers to Make signal 218 by equal to or less than shown total engine power command signal 220.
Such as, the embodiment with fixing quantization step (Qntz_Step) can be described as follows:
Quantization ceiling ( P Tot , Qntz _ Step ) = Qntz _ Step * INT ( P Tot Qntz Step + 1.0 ) Quantization round ( P Tot , Qntz _ Step ) = Qntz _ Step * INT ( P Tot Qntz Step + 0.5 )
Quantization floor ( P Tot , Qntz _ Step ) = Qntz _ Step * INT ( P Tot Qntz _ Step )
Wherein, INT (x) is function and the Qntz_Step being reduced to the immediate integer less than value (x) It it is the step-length (size) of quantization level.It is noted that other embodiments of quantization function can be possible.
Engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 be driver's power command 14 and battery power instruction 16 total With and the Forecasting The Total Power Requirement of vehicle can be represented.Quantifying with filtration module 72 engine power instruction After 12 process, smooth engine power instruction (Ptot_final) 74 can with engine power instruct 12 Different.In the case of smooth engine power instruction 74 is more than engine power instruction 12, due to Electromotor can produce power more more than the power of demand, and therefore power can be provided to battery.Smooth Engine power instruction 74 less than engine power instruct 12 time, battery can be supplied power and meet always Deficiency in power demand.
Referring back now to Fig. 3, quantify and filtration module 72 may also include wave filter 82.Wave filter 82 The engine power instruction filter that can quantify by using low pass filter to perform is (referring to figure 5 describe), instruct (P with smooth engine powertot) 12 and the engine power instruction (P of quantizationtot_quantized) Differential force (Δ P) 84 between 80.Wave filter 82 can produce differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86 works For output.Then, the engine power that can make quantization instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 and filtering differential force (ΔPfiltered) 86 phase Calais produce smooth engine power instruction (Ptot_final)74.Smooth starts Mechanomotive force instruction (Ptot_final) 74 can from quantify and filtration module 72 export, be used for determining engine torque Instruction.
Wave filter 82 can use the filtering by quantifying with filtration module 72 to determine the filtering that computational chart 90 provides Device constant (Fk) 88 is for smoothing differential force (Δ P) 84, to produce differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86.As described in more detail below, can be based on fuel consumption % (Ф) 92 and differential force (Δ P) 84 Amplitude determine filter constants (Fk) 88 adaptively.Can be based on closed loop feedback λ (lambda, Greece 11st letter of language) A/F ratio and in line computation fuel consumption % (Ф) 92.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively illustrates flow process Figure 100 and 130, and flow process Figure 100 and 130 is respectively described Engine power instruction quantify and delayed program and quantization engine power instruction filter can Can embodiment.
As those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated by, flow process Figure 100 and 130 represent can use hardware, The control logic that software or combinations thereof are implemented.Such as, the microprocessor of programming can be used to perform Multiple functions.Control logic and can use any programming in multiple known programming or treatment technology or strategy Or treatment technology or strategy perform and are not limited to the order of the order illustrated.Such as, control in real time Application uses the order policies purely shown by interruption or event-driven program rather than employing.With Sample ground, can use double process, multitask or multi-threaded system and method to realize the purpose of the present invention, Feature and advantage.
The present invention does not relies on for the certain programmed language of control logic shown in exploitation and/or enforcement, behaviour Make system processor or circuit.Similarly, according to specific programming language and process strategy, can be greatly Time identical on body performs various functions according to the order illustrated, or performs each in a different order Plant function, realize the features and advantages of the invention simultaneously.In the feelings without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention Under condition, the function illustrated can be modified or omit the function illustrated in some cases.
Referring now to Fig. 4, with continued reference to the framework 70 of the improvement shown in Fig. 3, it is shown that describe and start Mechanomotive force instruction quantifies flow process Figure 100 of the operation with delayed program.Quantify and the quantization of filtration module 72 Device 76 and hysteresis logic 78 perform this program.
This program provides the engine power instruction (P being designed to originaltot) 12 discretizations entrance are in advance The fixed power quantization flow in (adjustable) grid.When engine power instructs (Ptot) 12 at list In the power mesh spacing of position during fluctuation, engine power instruction is maintained at the constant level of quantization, to eliminate Any quick change or shake.For example, it is assumed that the size that power quantifies mesh spacing is 5kW, then Any electromotor instruction fluctuation with " amplitude of variation " less than 5kW will be filtered out.Alternatively, Battery power fills transient demand.
Hysteresis logic is embedded into, to prevent the engine power quantified from instructing at two adjacent quantization grids Between undesirable be switched fast.During pedal event, at circulation (iteration) n, only (P is instructed at engine powertot) 12 " amplitude increase " exceed the previous time engine power quantified and refer to In the case of the value making (being recorded according to front once circulation (n-1)) is higher than upper limit threshold, just can phase The engine power instruction quantified should be updated in ground.Otherwise, the engine power instruction of quantization keeps with previous Secondary circulation is identical.Similarly, in hysteresis logic, lower threshold is employed for unclamping pedal event.
Engine power instruction quantifies and the operation of delayed program start from arrange in block 102 " upper limit ", " lower limit " and the value of " size of mesh opening ".The instruction of size of mesh opening value is used for the step-length of each quantization grid Size.Higher limit instruction is for engine power instruction " amplitude increase " threshold value of pedal event.Under Limit value instruction is for unclamping engine power instruction " amplitude reduction " threshold value of pedal event.
Before quantifying, the step of selectable selection quantization function can be as a part for frame 102 Perform.The selection of quantization function can instruct (P based on engine powertot)12.In block 102, working as Front circulation " n " period, engine power is instructed (P by quantizer 76tot) 12 it is quantized into size of mesh opening Function, to produce the engine power instruction (P of the quantization for previous cycle " n "tot_quantized).Institute State and quantify to be come by the quantization function (can be upper limit function, lower limit function or bracket function) selected Perform.
In frame 104, check engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 to determine PtotWhether more than zero.As Fruit is engine power instruction (P in frame 104tot) 12 no more than zero, then quantify in frame 106 sends out Motivation power command (Ptot_quantized) 80 be set to engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 (that is, Ptot_quantized =Ptot).If engine power instruction (P in frame 104tot) 12 more than zero, then described program is entered Row is to frame 108.
Frame 108 checks for pedal event.If there is pedal event in block 108, that Hysteresis logic 78 checks that engine power instructs (P in block 110tot) 12 exceed previous time quantify Electromotor instruction (Ptot_quantized_last) value whether be scheduled volume.This inspection operation can be by by electromotor Power command (Ptot) 12 and the engine power instruction (P of previous quantizationtot_quantized_last) and the upper limit The summation of value compares (that is, Ptot＞ Ptot_quantized_last+ the upper limit) complete (frame 110).Before once Engine power instruction (the P quantifiedtot_quantized_last) it is to pass through quantizer at front once circulation " n-1 " place The value of 76 records.If engine power instruction 12 exceedes what the engine power quantified instructed previous time Value is scheduled volume, then as indicated by box 112, the engine power instruction (P of quantizationtot_quantized) 80 quilts It is set to the engine power instruction of the quantization for previous cycle " n " produced in block 102 (Ptot_quantized) (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot_quantized).If engine power instruction 12 exceedes previous The value of the engine power instruction of secondary quantization is not scheduled volume, then as illustrated at block 114, starting of quantization Mechanomotive force instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 it is arranged to the previous time engine powers quantified instruction (Ptot_quantized_last) (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot_quantized_last)。
If there is no pedal event (frame 108), then there may be and unclamp pedal event.Delayed patrol Collect 78 inspection engine powers instruction (Ptot) the 12 engine power instructions quantified less than previous time (Ptot_quantized_last) value whether be scheduled volume.This inspection operation can be by instructing (P by engine powertot) 12 instruct (P with the previous secondary engine power quantifiedtot_quantized_last) and lower limit between difference compare Relatively (that is, Ptot＜ Ptot_quantized_last-lower limit) complete (frame 116).If engine power instruction (Ptot) Engine power instruction (the P that 12 quantify less than previous timetot_quantized_last) value be scheduled volume, then as Shown in frame 118, the engine power instruction (P of the quantization of outputtot_quantized) 80 be arranged at frame 102 Engine power instruction (that is, the P of the quantization for previous cycle " n " of middle generationtot_quantized= Ptot_quantized).If engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 refer to less than the previous time engine powers quantified Make (Ptot_quantized_last) value be not scheduled volume, then as shown in block 120, starting of the quantization of output Mechanomotive force instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 it is arranged to the previous time engine powers quantified instruction (Ptot_quantized_last) (that is, Ptot_quantized=Ptot_quantized_last)。
Then, the engine power instruction (P that previous time quantifiestot_quantized_last) it is updated to (frame 122) Engine power instruction (the P of the quantization of the output determined in previous cycletot_quantized) 80 (i.e., Ptot_quantized_last=Ptot_quantized).And then, the engine power that previous time of renewal quantifies instructs rear Continuous time point is for the engine power instruction (P of circulation (i.e. n+1) next timetot)12。
Referring now to Fig. 5, with continued reference to the framework 70 of the improvement shown in Fig. 3, it is shown that describe and quantify Engine power instruction filter flow process Figure 130.Quantify and the wave filter 82 of filtration module 72 Perform this program.
First, the engine power of the quantization that wave filter 82 accesses output instructs (Ptot_quantized) 80 Hes Engine power instruction (the P that previous time quantifiestot_quantized_last).As explained above with indicated by Fig. 3, Wave filter 82 receives engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 and the engine power instruction (P of quantizationtot_quantized) Differential force (Δ P) 84 (that is, Δ P=P between 80tot-Ptot_quantized) as input.Wave filter 82 Also receive and determined, by filtering, filter constants (Fk) the 88 conduct input that computational chart 90 provides.
The operation of the engine power instruction filter quantified starts from wave filter 82 and checks that quantify starts Mechanomotive force instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 and the engine power instruction (P of previous quantizationtot_quantized_last) Whether there is difference (that is, Ptot_quantized≠Ptot_quantized_last, as indicated by the block 132).If quantified Engine power instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 and the engine power instruction (P of previous quantizationtot_quantized_last) There is difference, then differential force (Δ P) 84 is set to zero and by the power of filtering by wave filter 82 again Difference (Δ Pfiltered) 86 it is set to zero (that is, Δ P=0 and Δ Pfiltered=0, as shown at block 134). If the engine power instruction (P quantifiedtot_quantized) 80 and the previous time engine power instruction quantified (Ptot_quantized_last) there is identical value, then at frame 136 median filter 82 by differential force (Δ P) 84 are set to engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 and output quantization engine power instruction (Ptot_quantized) Difference (that is, Δ P=P between 80tot-Ptot_quantized).In frame 138, wave filter 82 often obtains filtering Number (Fk) 88.In a block 140, the function as filter constant (Fk) 88 obtained from frame 136 Differential force (Δ P) 84 is filtered, to produce differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered)86。
Once frame 134 or frame 140 complete, and wave filter 84 is by differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86 defeated Go out to quantifying and the summing junction 94 of filtration module 72.If exported from frame 134, then the power filtered Difference (Δ Pfiltered) 86 it is zero.If exported from frame 140, then differential force (the Δ P filteredfiltered)86 The differential force (Δ P) 84 of the function being filtered into filter constant (Fk) 88 for obtaining from frame 136.
Program from frame 134 and frame 140 continues to frame 142, and frame 142 checks engine power Instruction (Ptot) 12 whether more than zero (that is, Ptot＞ 0).If engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 not More than zero, then as shown by block 144, by from the engine power instruction quantified and filtration module 72 exports (Ptot_final) 74 be arranged to engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 (that is, Ptot_final=Ptot).If Engine power instruction (Ptot) 12 more than zero, then as shown at block 146, the engine power of output refers to Make (Ptot_final) 74 be arranged to quantify engine powers instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 and filtering dynamic Poor (the Δ P of powerfiltered) 86 summation (that is, Ptot_final=Ptot_quantized+ΔPfiltered).Additionally, quantify With the summing junction 94 of filtration module 72, the engine power of quantization is instructed (Ptot_quantized) 80 and filter Differential force (the Δ P of ripplefiltered) 86 summations, then output engine power command (Ptot_final) 74 (on State the summation of two variablees).
As it is shown on figure 3, quantify to provide engine power to instruct (P with filtration module 72tot_final) 74 to car System controls (VCS) module 96 (such as, another part of controller 60).VCS module 96 (P is instructed based on engine powertot_final) 74 determine the optimal engine torque command for electromotor 30. Quantify and engine power also can be instructed (P by filtration module 72tot_final) 74 provide to electromotor operating pipe Reason strategy (EOMS) module 98 (such as, another part of controller 60).EOMS module 98 base (P is instructed in engine powertot_final) 74 determine that engine speed instructs.
Filtering be will be explained in further detail now and determine the design principle of computational chart 90.As differential force (Δ P) Time less, application filters faster.This means to allow engine power to instruct relatively to a certain extent Change by a small margin, this is because this change more by a small margin is less for the impact triggering burning transition. When differential force (Δ P) is bigger, application filters more slowly so that bigger instruction fluctuation is with unexpected Change smooths, to reduce potential burning inefficiencies in open loop largely.On the other hand, fuel Loss % (Ф) is the highest, and the filtering of needs is the slowest, to suppress transition faster further.When detecting relatively During big enrichment A/F error, such closed loop mechanism ensure that smooth engine power.
It is noted that work as Ptot_quantized≠Ptot_quantized_lastTime (instruction is implicitly present in from driver's Desired engine power changes), can be to differential force (Δ P) 84 and differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86 application reset (frame 134 of Fig. 5).Therefore, the engine power instruction (P of output can be allowedtot_final) New point on the 74 power grids jumping to quantization.
Sum it up, at the engine power instruction (P to inputtot) 12 carry out quantifying and filtering after, Engine power instruction (the P of the modelling (profiled) of output eventuallytot_final) 74 be confirmed as quantify Engine power instruction (Ptot_quantized) 80 and differential force (the Δ P of filteringfiltered) 86 summation (i.e., Ptot_final=Ptot_quantized+ΔPfiltered)。
Alleviated method by engine transients to provide the advantage that and comprise the steps that in open loop smooth electromotor operates also Eliminate unwanted engine combustion transition, leniently to alleviate A/F enrichment；Use battery to absorb to drive The person's of sailing power " disturbance " also processes the HFS of driver's power and mixed and disorderly part；And at " load Equilibrium " and " Steam Generator in Load Follow " between adaptive optimization engine power, to improve fuel economy further Property.
Program disclosed herein, method or algorithm may pass to processing means, controller or computer/ Being realized by processing means, controller or computer, described processing means, controller or computer can wrap Include any existing programmable electronic control unit or special electronic control unit.Similarly, described Program, method or algorithm can be stored as the data that can be performed by controller or computer in a variety of forms And instruction, described various ways includes but not limited to be permanently stored in non-writable storage medium (such as, ROM device) on information and be stored in changeably writable storage media (such as, floppy disk, tape, CD, ram set and other magnetizing mediums and optical medium) on information.Described program, method or Algorithm also can be implemented as software executable object.Alternatively, described program, method or algorithm are available Suitably nextport hardware component NextPort (such as, special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), State machine, controller or other nextport hardware component NextPort or device) or the combination of hardware, software and fastener components Implemented in whole or in part.
Although described above is exemplary embodiment, it is not intended that these embodiments describe right Require all possible form comprised.The word used in description is descriptive words and unrestricted, And it should be understood that in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, can be variously modified. As it has been described above, the feature of multiple embodiments be can be combined to form may being not explicitly described or shown of the present invention Further embodiment.Although multiple embodiments have been described as offer advantage can be at one or more Desired characteristic aspect is better than other embodiments or prior art embodiment, but the common skill of this area Art personnel are it should be appreciated that one or more feature or feature can be compromised, to realize desired entirety System property, described desired total system attribute depends on concrete application and embodiment.These belong to Property includes but not limited to cost, intensity, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, outward appearance, bag Dress, size, serviceability, weight, manufacturability, assembling easiness etc..Therefore, retouched State as being not so good as other embodiments or the embodiment of prior art embodiment in terms of one or more characteristic Not outside the scope of the present disclosure and special applications can be expected to be useful in.

Claims (6)

1. a vehicle, including:
Electromotor；
Traction battery；
At least one controller, be configured to ask electromotor with quantify motivation level operating, (i) when When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than predetermined value, the motivation level of described quantization is at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that Traction battery receives power from electromotor, (ii) when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement more than another predetermined value time, described amount The motivation level changed is less than or equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement so that traction battery provides power to meet total output Demand, (iii) otherwise, the motivation level of described quantization is closest to the value of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement.
2. vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described traction battery is according to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement and amount Difference between the motivation level changed receives or provides power.
3. vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is driver demand for power and electricity The summation of pond power demand.
4. for a method for running engine, including:
When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than predetermined value, export the power at least equal to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement from electromotor；
When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than another predetermined value, it is less than the power of Forecasting The Total Power Requirement from electromotor output；
When Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is more than described predetermined value and is less than another predetermined value described, with multiple quantization water Equal that quantization level of the middle value closest to Forecasting The Total Power Requirement selected and ask moving from electromotor Power.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, described Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is driver demand for power Summation with battery power demand.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, described method also includes: when Forecasting The Total Power Requirement is less than described Predetermined value or during more than another predetermined value described, with the plurality of quantization level selects closest to total That quantization level of the value of power demand and ask the power from electromotor.
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