CN106113503A - A kind of back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle - Google Patents
A kind of back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN106113503A CN106113503A CN201610591142.9A CN201610591142A CN106113503A CN 106113503 A CN106113503 A CN 106113503A CN 201610591142 A CN201610591142 A CN 201610591142A CN 106113503 A CN106113503 A CN 106113503A
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- Prior art keywords
- flexible material
- shower nozzle
- storage compartment
- syringe needle
- electrofluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle and use the 3D printer of this shower nozzle, wherein, this shower nozzle includes storage compartment, sliding stand, air inlet and charging aperture, and storage compartment, for accommodating flexible material to be printed, is provided with syringe needle in the lower section of storage compartment；Air inlet for providing air pressure to this storage compartment, and the flexible material to be printed accommodated in making this storage compartment injects to the outside of storage compartment along syringe needle；It is additionally provided with conductive metal film in the lower section of syringe needle or synchronizes probe；Between this conductive metal film or synchronization probe and syringe needle, there is voltage difference.The present invention is by the building block crucial to shower nozzle and parameter thereof, as the diameter of syringe needle, storage compartment's atmospheric pressure value, distance between syringe needle and counter electrode and voltage difference etc. improve, compared with prior art can effectively solve the problem that the problem that flexible material printing precision is the highest, and this shower nozzle is applicable to multiple flexible material, the suitability is high, good stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique, electrostatic spinning technique, the complex art of flexible material forming technique, more specifically
Ground, relates to a kind of back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle, and this shower nozzle is particularly well-suited to the application neck that 3D prints
Territory and the forming field of flexible material, and biological 3D printing field.
Background technology
Existing 3D printing technique, material is the bottleneck of restriction 3D printing technique development, and the most popular material is
PLA and ABS etc., these materials belong to hard material；On hard material forming technique, the precision that the most generally can reach, FDM
That (fused deposition technology) X is corresponding is 0.025mm, and that Y is corresponding is 0.025mm, and that Z is corresponding is 0.1mm.End 2016 05 month
The DLP 3D printer iNTEGRATOR being known as whole world precision on the 23rd the highest is to be existed by a start-up company CRAFT3D
Kickstarter crowd raises a desktop level digital photolithography (DLP) the 3D printer released on platform, precision X that it can reach, Y
On be 25～65 μm, thickness precision is up to 10 μm.It is far superior to fused deposition 3D in laser formation technical field precision print
Technical field.
Fused deposition 3D printing technique principle more has broader development space, at flexible material for flexible material molding
The key problem in technology in 3D printing shaping field is to solve formation problems and precision problem, soft material and hard material due to the character of itself
Difference, forming method is to solve the key point that flexible material 3D prints with putting forward high-precision method.
In existing document, printing that be used mostly is the method injecting extrusion for realizing flexible material 3D, precision can not get protecting
Card；And existing 3D printing technique is mainly improved by technical staff from the angle that flexible material is modified.Such as, existing literary composition
Offer Sungmin Hong, Dalton Sycks, Hon Fai Chan, Shaoting Lin, Gabriel P.Lopez, Farshid
Guilak, Kam W.Leong, and Xuanhe Zhao, Adv.Mater.2015,27,4,035 4040, realizing flexible material
The modification of material is focused on when 3D prints；An other document Junhua Wei, Jilong Wang, Siheng Su, Shiren
Wang,Jingjing Qiu,Zhenhuan Zhang,Gordon Christopher,Fuda Ning and Weilong
Cong, RSC Adv., 2015,5,81,324 81329, the equipment realizing 3D molding is also use push injection, structure is the simplest
Single.Although flexible material modification to some extent solves the problem that flexible material 3D prints, but these are for flexible material
Method of modifying often cost high, for flexible material limited types, and the character of the product printed can be affected, surely
Qualitative have much room for improvement.The most generally there is the defect that precision is bad, suitable material is single in other improvement means.
Summary of the invention
For disadvantages described above or the Improvement requirement of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of back pressure type electrofluid
Flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle and use the 3D printer of this shower nozzle, wherein by the building block crucial to shower nozzle and
Parameter, as between diameter, storage compartment's atmospheric pressure value, syringe needle and the counter electrode (i.e. conductive metal film or Tong Bu probe) of syringe needle
Distance and voltage difference etc. improve, compared with prior art can effectively solve the problem that the highest the asking of flexible material printing precision
Inscribing, and this shower nozzle is applicable to multiple flexible material, the suitability is high, good stability.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D
Printer shower nozzle, it is characterised in that include storage compartment (2), sliding stand (3), air inlet and charging aperture, wherein,
Described storage compartment (2) is for accommodating flexible material to be printed, and this storage compartment (2) are arranged on described sliding stand (3)
On, the lower section of described storage compartment (2) is provided with syringe needle, this sliding stand (3) is used for driving described storage compartment (2) and described syringe needle
Mobile；
Described air inlet and described charging aperture are arranged at the top of described storage compartment (2), and described charging aperture is for this
Described flexible material to be printed is supplemented in storage compartment (2)；Described air inlet is then for providing gas to storage compartment this described (2)
Pressure, the flexible material described to be printed accommodated in making this storage compartment (2) injects to outside described storage compartment (2) along described syringe needle
Portion；
It is additionally provided with conductive metal film in the lower section of described syringe needle or synchronizes probe, described synchronization probe and described pin
Head synchronizing moving；Between this conductive metal film or described synchronization probe and described syringe needle, there is voltage difference.
As present invention further optimization, described conductive metal film and the distance of described syringe needle or described with
Step probe is less than 50mm with the distance of described syringe needle.
As present invention further optimization, described syringe needle a diameter of less than 3mm.
As present invention further optimization, described flexible material to be printed is macromolecular material, or is by two kinds
The composite and flexible material that above raw material is composited；Preferably, this flexible material to be printed is hydrogel.
As present invention further optimization, the air pressure in described storage compartment (2) is less than 10.1MPa.
As present invention further optimization, described conductive metal film and the voltage difference of described syringe needle or described
The voltage difference synchronizing probe and described syringe needle is less than 20kV.
As present invention further optimization, the rate travel of this shower nozzle is 10mm/s～1000mm/s.
As present invention further optimization, described shower nozzle also includes barostat and barometer, this barometer and institute
State storage compartment (2) to be connected, be used for measuring the atmospheric pressure value in this storage compartment (2)；Described barostat by described air inlet with
Described storage compartment (2) is connected, and provides air pressure for the atmospheric pressure value obtained according to described barometric surveying to described storage compartment (2).
Beat it is another aspect of this invention to provide that the invention provides the above-mentioned back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D of a kind of employing
Print machine shower nozzle is as the 3D printer of shower nozzle.
As present invention further optimization, the rate travel of this shower nozzle is 10mm/s～1000mm/s.
By the above technical scheme that the present invention is contemplated, compared with prior art, by the composition portion crucial to shower nozzle
Part and parameter thereof, as the diameter of syringe needle, storage compartment's atmospheric pressure value, distance between syringe needle and counter electrode and voltage difference etc. change
Enter, compared with prior art can effectively solve the problem that the problem that flexible material printing precision is the highest, and this shower nozzle is applicable to many
Planting flexible material, the suitability is high, good stability.
The present invention, by improving the molding mode of flexible material, has obtained corresponding back pressure type electrofluid flexibility material
Material 3D printer shower nozzle, this shower nozzle is particularly suited for 3D printing flexible material；This shower nozzle combines the material of flexible material and becomes
Type feature, and with reference to electrostatic spinning technique, 3D print structure is optimized, it is provided that can be used for realizing the three-dimensional of flexible material
Scale minute yardstick, the printing head of high-precision modeling and corresponding 3D printer (that is, use the back pressure type electrofluid in the present invention
Flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle is as the 3D printer of shower nozzle), by the molding mode of flexible material is improved, energy
Enough realize high-precision printing precision, effectively coordinate formation problems and precision problem in 3D printing shaping field
Relation.
Shower nozzle in the present invention has with reference to electrostatic spinning technique, the application aspect being printed upon flexible material direction at raising 3D
Vital effect.Electrostatic spinning technique is risen the beginning of the forties in last century, and this technology has developed into ripe till now, existing
Some electrostatic spinning techniques are extremely difficult to the degree of orientation well due to the defect of technology in terms of the degree of orientation of film forming, and the present invention
By 3D printing technique is combined with electrostatic spinning technique, especially shower nozzle rate travel is controlled at 10mm/s～
1000mm/s so that it is cooperate with parameters such as drawing electric field intensity, it is possible to realize the preparation of film with high orientation degree.
For the equipment of current printing flexible material, the promotion to material is to use injection-type or spirally squeeze mostly
Going out, when continu to press, flexible material to be printed will be by continual extrusion (as shown in Figure 3 B), to follow-up electrostatic field
Traction wire vent is unfavorable；The present invention is then the principle with reference to electrostatic spinning, by providing air pressure to storage compartment, especially by inciting somebody to action
Air pressure controls in threshold point, makes himself gravity of flexible material to be printed in needle tubing, atmospheric pressure make a concerted effort, with gluing of tube wall
Power, frictional force make a concerted effort to keep balance between the two, in order to make material reach to extrude threshold status (as shown in Figure 3A), though air pressure
Keeping stable, flexible material to be printed will maintain extrusion threshold status always, thus follow-up electrostatic field draws
Wire vent.The present invention by by the diameter control of syringe needle be less than in 3mm (especially 0.4mm), storage compartment air pressure control be
Less than 10.1MPa (especially 0.125MPa) so that the flexible material to be printed (such as PVA solution etc.) in needle tubing himself
Gravity, atmospheric pressure are made a concerted effort, and make a concerted effort to keep balance between the two with viscous force, the frictional force of tube wall, form extrusion threshold status, after
After continuous applying electric field, flexible material to be printed can be easier to wire vent under the traction of electrostatic field.
The present invention by shower nozzle is improved, more comprehensively arrange adjustable HV generator, air pressure fine adjustment system,
Feed controller and materials preliminary blender, by cooperating between these modules, it is possible to realizes 3D printing device
Stable operation, it is possible to realize excellent result output (e.g., the thin film 3D printout of high-orientation).
Back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle in the present invention and use the 3D printer of this shower nozzle to lead to
Cross with reference to electrostatic spinning technique, the 3D printing technique of comprehensive rapid shaping and flexible material forming method, can be the most square with X, Y, Z
Upwards (that is, 0～50 μm, controllability is high below 50 μm for precision controlling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is to use back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as the 3D printer of shower nozzle in the present invention
High-level schematic functional block diagram；
Fig. 3 A is the schematic diagram that air pressure of the present invention controls extrusion threshold status, and Fig. 3 B is that the contrast of existing injection-type extrusion is shown
It is intended to.
In figure, the implication of each reference is as follows: 1 is the connection interface of shower nozzle and 3D printer main body, 2 be storage compartment (as
10ml standard syringe with syringe needle), 3 is sliding stand, and 4 is air inlet and charging aperture.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.If additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
The conflict of not constituting each other just can be mutually combined.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle mainly includes connecting interface 1, storage compartment
2, sliding stand 3 and air inlet and charging aperture 4, wherein, connects interface 1 for being connected with other parts of 3D printer by shower nozzle
Connecing, this connection interface 1 is a friendly interface, can according to 3D printer concrete kind flexible shapes adjust, it is achieved shower nozzle with
The friendly docking of 3D printer；Storage compartment 2 is connected with syringe needle, for holding material to be printed, especially soft material, and this storing
Room 2 can be the 10ml standard syringe of band syringe needle；Sliding stand 3 be on z direction movable slide unit (as required, sliding stand 3 also may be used
Move in x, y direction), its height can control flexibly according to experiment demand；Air inlet and charging aperture 4 can be provided with sealing ring, example
As, between air inlet and charging aperture 4 with sliding stand 3, available bolt fastening links, and the rubber seal in the middle of bolt realizes very well
Air-tightness.This back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle is portable flexible material printing head.
When needs 3D prints, (such as commercially available desktop level 3D printer) as a example by XYZ type 3D printer, this back pressure type electric current
Body flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle is arranged on XYZ type 3D printer by connecting interface 1, air inlet and charging aperture 4 points
Not with pressure regulation system (such as air pressure fine adjustment system, the gas outlet of this air pressure fine adjustment system) and feed system use accordingly
Conduit connects；Then, the object stage of 3D printer spreads conductive metal film, or arrange below this shower nozzle one with
The probe (remembering that this probe is for synchronizing probe) that shower nozzle is synchronized with the movement, then the syringe needle being connected with the storage compartment 2 in shower nozzle is connected height
The positive pole of piezoelectricity, the conductive metal film of lower section or synchronization probe then connect the negative pole of high-voltage generator.Suitable by controlling
High-tension electricity voltage and syringe needle and pole plate between distance, and control simultaneously by air pressure Fine adjustment knob to control material squeeze
Go out motive force, can operation principle based on 3D printer realize flexible material 3D print.With concentration for mass fraction 8%
PVA solution as flexible material to be printed as a example by, this shower nozzle preferred high-tension electricity voltage is 5kV, syringe needle (i.e. positive pole) with
Distance between negative pole is preferably 15mm (that is, the electric field intensity between positive pole and negative pole is preferably 0.33kV/mm), syringe needle straight
Footpath is preferably 0.4mm, and material to be printed is extruded the motive force of this syringe needle and is preferably motive force corresponding to 0.025MPa malleation (i.e.,
Air pressure in storage compartment 2 is 0.025MPa malleation；In view of self air pressure of external environment, with a normal atmosphere 1atm it is
Example, then the absolute atmosphere value in storage compartment 2 is 0.125MPa)；Above parameter can according to the kind of flexible material to be printed and
Concentration is adjusted flexibly, it is however generally that, the high-tension electricity Control of Voltage of this shower nozzle is 0～20kV, between syringe needle (i.e. positive pole) and negative pole
Distance be less than 50mm (now, the electric field intensity between positive pole and negative pole is 0～5kV/mm), the diameter of syringe needle is preferably
Less than 3mm, the motive force of this syringe needle extruded by material to be printed is then motive force (that is, storage compartment 2 corresponding to 0～10MPa malleation
Interior air pressure is 0～10MPa malleation；In view of self air pressure of external environment, as a example by a normal atmosphere 1atm, then store up
Absolute atmosphere value in material room 2 is 0.1～10.1MPa).Cooperating by arrangement above, the wire vent diameter of this shower nozzle
To Nano grade, substantially increase the precision that 3D prints, be particularly suited for film forming, film as big in orientation.
Accordingly, use and have the 3D printer of above-mentioned shower nozzle that multiple functional module can be set accordingly, as in figure 2 it is shown, 3D
Printer can comprehensively arrange adjustable HV generator, air pressure fine adjustment system, feed controller and materials preliminary mixing
Device.Wherein, adjustable height piezo-electric generator is a device that can produce high-tension electricity, in order to meet the requirement of electric field intensity, and should
Adjustable height piezo-electric generator, can use the existing finished parts in market, can be commercially available；Air pressure fine adjustment system is used to control
The device of whole equipment (especially shower nozzle extrusion motive force) operating air pressure, this device can realize the most stepless fine-tuning；Should
Air pressure fine adjustment system also can be connected with Pressure gauge, and this Pressure gauge can be used for showing air pressure size.Feed controller, can be according to making
With requiring to add at any time raw material in storage compartment 2；Can ensure that under the auxiliary of pneumatic control system and keep inside syringe
Constant pressure, so that material is maintained near the extrusion threshold point of setting (as shown in Figure 3A), then is drawn wire vent by electric field force.
Back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle in the present invention and use the 3D of this shower nozzle to print
Machine, it is possible to realize high-precision printing flexible material.Shower nozzle in the present invention does not use the most popular injection-type printing head,
Existing its precision of injection-type printing head is at 0.1mm, it is impossible to meet the original intention of present invention design；Accordingly, the present invention is to adopt
It is connected with storage compartment 2 by air pressure fine adjustment system, is on the premise of constant air pressure is as power, then by charged electric current
Body realizes the ejection of material under the traction of electric field force.The present invention uses air pressure to be as the advantage of power, to flexible material
Motive force more steady, and constant motive force can be kept the moment, can be by controlling the presence or absence of electric field, the size of electric field intensity
Etc. controlling speed and the diameter that glutinous fluent material flows out from micro nozzle.Back pressure type electrofluid in the present invention
Flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle and use the 3D printer of this shower nozzle, is particularly suited for molding macromolecular material (such as water
Gel etc.)；This shower nozzle and use the 3D printer of this shower nozzle, when reality is applied, can effectively coordinate macromolecule material to be printed
The chemical property of material and shaping characteristic, only need to simply change flexible material to be printed and just can meet multiple different macromolecule
The shaping mechanism of flexible material (such as pva, alginate, acrymilade, ecofelx, pdms etc.), coordinates 3D to beat the most again
Print machine existing 3D printing shaping technology can complete the 3D to product and print processing.
Additionally, the air pressure Fine adjustment knob in the present invention both can provide malleation in storage compartment 2, it is possible in this storage compartment 2
There is provided negative pressure (that is, the absolute pressure value in storage compartment 2 is less than external atmosphere pressure, such as 1atm), especially when flexible material to be printed
When material self gravitation value is bigger, for avoiding flexible material to be printed to extrude downwards due to self gravitation, air pressure fine adjustment can be passed through
Device provides negative pressure, it is achieved himself gravity of flexible material to be printed in needle tubing, with the viscous force of tube wall, frictional force, extraneous big
Atmospheric pressure three make a concerted effort between balance.It addition, when for negative pressure, even if error starting HV generator, also can prevent
The only extrusion of flexible material to be printed.This air pressure Fine adjustment knob degree of regulation is stepless adjustable, and force value is readable (such as passes through gas
Pressure meter), degree of regulation is high, and range of accommodation is-0.1Mpa～10Mpa (especially-0.1Mpa～1Mpa), and readable precision is
0.01MPa。
The feed arrangement used in the present invention, can be according to concrete flexible material to be printed, based on materials synthesis mechanism
Be adjusted flexibly, such as needing the Composite soft material material of two or more original composition, or hydrogel, can mix by additional
Seaming element, to control two or more raw-material proportioning in Composite soft material material；Additionally, the charging rate of this feed arrangement
Can adjust as required.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that and the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to
Limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle, it is characterised in that include storage compartment (2), sliding stand
(3), air inlet and charging aperture, wherein,
Described storage compartment (2) is for accommodating flexible material to be printed, and this storage compartment (2) are arranged on described sliding stand (3),
The lower section of described storage compartment (2) is provided with syringe needle, and this sliding stand (3) is used for driving described storage compartment (2) and described syringe needle to move；
Described air inlet and described charging aperture are arranged at the top of described storage compartment (2), and described charging aperture is for this storing
Described flexible material to be printed is supplemented in room (2)；Described air inlet then for providing air pressure to storage compartment this described (2), makes
The flexible material described to be printed accommodated in this storage compartment (2) injects to the outside of described storage compartment (2) along described syringe needle；
Being additionally provided with conductive metal film in the lower section of described syringe needle or synchronize probe, described synchronization probe is same with described syringe needle
Moved further；Between this conductive metal film or described synchronization probe and described syringe needle, there is voltage difference.
2. back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described conductive gold
Belong to thin film to be less than 50mm with the distance of the distance of described syringe needle or described synchronization probe and described syringe needle.
3. back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described syringe needle
A diameter of less than 3mm.
4. back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be printed
Flexible material be macromolecular material, or for the composite and flexible material that is composited by two or more raw materials；Preferably, should
Flexible material to be printed is hydrogel.
5. back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described storage compartment
(2) air pressure in is less than 10.1MPa.
6. back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described conductive gold
Belong to the voltage difference of thin film and the voltage difference of described syringe needle or described synchronization probe and described syringe needle to be and be less than
20kV。
7. back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the shifting of this shower nozzle
Dynamic speed is 10mm/s～1000mm/s.
8. back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described shower nozzle is also
Including barostat and barometer, this barometer is connected with described storage compartment (2), is used for measuring the gas in this storage compartment (2)
Pressure value；Described barostat is connected with described storage compartment (2) by described air inlet, for obtaining according to described barometric surveying
The atmospheric pressure value arrived provides air pressure to described storage compartment (2).
9. use as described in claim 1-8 any one back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as spray
The 3D printer of head.
10. use described back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer shower nozzle as the 3D of shower nozzle as claimed in claim 9
Printer, it is characterised in that the rate travel of this shower nozzle is 10mm/s～1000mm/s.
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| CN201610591142.9A CN106113503B (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2016-07-25 | A kind of back pressure type electrofluid flexible material 3D printer spray head |
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| CN109686836A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-26 | 江苏大学 | A kind of preparation method of the 3D printing poly meta fluoroethylene piezoelectric film under uniform electric field |
| CN113844023A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-28 | 芯体素(杭州)科技发展有限公司 | Gate line printing needle head based on direct-writing 3D printing process and printing method |
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| CN113844023A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-28 | 芯体素(杭州)科技发展有限公司 | Gate line printing needle head based on direct-writing 3D printing process and printing method |
| CN113844023B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2024-02-06 | 芯体素(杭州)科技发展有限公司 | Grid line printing needle head based on direct-writing 3D printing process and printing method |
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