CN106111179A - A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106111179A
CN106111179A CN201610478649.3A CN201610478649A CN106111179A CN 106111179 A CN106111179 A CN 106111179A CN 201610478649 A CN201610478649 A CN 201610478649A CN 106111179 A CN106111179 A CN 106111179A
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small size
doped graphene
preparation
nitrogen
photocatalyst
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CN106111179B (en
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徐艺军
杨美玲
张楠
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Fuzhou University
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Fuzhou University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • B01J35/39
    • B01J35/40
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/10Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst and its preparation method and application.First graphite oxide ultrasonic disperse being obtained graphene oxide solution, be subsequently adding sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate, mixing and stirring, hydro-thermal reaction synthesizes undersized nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst;Under visible ray illumination, this catalysis material shows preferable degrading activity to organic pollution;And preparation method is simple, prepares the low cost of catalyst, therefore in solution environmental pollution and energy shortage problem, there is wide practical value and application prospect.

Description

A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to catalysis material prepare, photocatalysis technology and field for the treatment of of water pollution, be specifically related to a kind of little chi Very little nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Solar energy is the clean energy resource treasure-house that the Nature vouchsafes the mankind, and people can to the exploratory development of Solar use To trace back to 20th century six the seventies, hereafter, the photocatalysis technology based on semi-conducting material enters the sight line of people, Being driving force because it can directly utilize solar energy, Photocatalitic Technique of Semiconductor receives national governments and scientific and technological work subsequently Persons pay close attention to widely, and have worldwide obtained vigorous growth.Along with catalysis and the fast development of material science, Photocatalysis technology, as a green technology, is on the one hand put forth effort on the basis of the environmental pollution improvements such as water, air and soil and answers With research;On the other hand, the research in terms of photolysis water hydrogen and DSSC has also been carried out.Simultaneously as not Produce secondary pollution, low cost, less energy consumption, reaction condition is gentle, operate the advantage such as recycle simple, recyclable, photocatalysis Technology is expected to become solution human society energy crisis and a kind of desirable route of environmental problem.
Catalysis material preparation as photocatalysis technology development material base and key, be photocatalysis technology research Core emphasis.Graphene-based photocatalyst has been widely used since report from 2009 in terms of the energy and environment, example Such as photocatalytic pollutant degradation, selectivity organic transformation, photo catalytic reduction CO2Hydrogen etc. is prepared with photochemical catalyzing, wherein, Graphene improves quasiconductor catalytic performance primarily as a kind of promoter.Recent research indicate that, by reasonable adjusting stone The ink surface of alkene and characteristic electron, such as chemical doping (N doping), can be converted into n-type semiconductor by Graphene, and directly Apply in light-catalyzed reaction.Graphene synthetic method is simple, and low cost and chemical stability are good, by its characteristic electron Carry out regulating and controlling directly preparation to there is the Graphene of semiconductor property the synthesis of new catalyst is significant.
The size of catalyst is the key factor affecting catalytic performance.Generally, undersized catalyst has bigger Specific surface area and broader energy gap.On the other hand, can effectively shorten carrier by the size of reduction catalyst to turn The path moved, improves the efficiency of carrier separation.Additionally, reduce catalyst size can weaken the catalyst diffuse-reflectance energy to light Power, thus improve the absorbing properties of catalyst.Research shows, change Graphene be sized to significantly to affect its electronics and Optical characteristics, and then affect its photocatalysis performance.Therefore, we have tried the regulation and control that nitrogen-doped graphene is carried out size, come Explore the change of size to nitrogen-doped graphene characteristic and the change of photocatalysis efficiency thereof.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and there is the spies such as photocatalytic activity is good, cost of manufacture is low, production technology is simple Undersized nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst and its preparation method and application of point, with probe into the size of nitrogen-doped graphene with Structure activity relationship between its photocatalysis performance, the undersized nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst of preparation light under visible ray is urged Change degradable organic pollutant.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene visible-light photocatalyst
The method preparing small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst as above comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of graphene oxide (GO):
By P2O5And K2S2O8By the quality of 1:1 than mix homogeneously, it is slowly added to the 12 dense H of mL 98%2SO4, it is heated to 80 DEG C, Add graphite powder, constant temperature 24 h;Room temperature cools down, and stirs after dilute with water, the most static;Sucking filtration, obtains filtering residue;Gained filtering residue is done The 120 dense H of mL 98% it are dissolved in after dry2SO4In, it is slowly added to 15 g KMnO under magnetic agitation4, and the temperature controlling reactant liquor is low In 20 DEG C, then stirring reaction 2 h at 35 DEG C~40 DEG C;It is slowly added to 250 mL water while stirring be diluted and control The temperature of reactant liquor processed is less than 50 DEG C;Add 1 L deionized water and 20 mL 30%H2O2(being added dropwise over), continues stirring, Stand overnight.Filtering, filtering residue 1:10 hydrochloric acid: deionized water wash, centrifugation, dialysis is washed, and collects solid, is dried, so The rear final graphite oxide ultrasonic disperse again obtained is in deionized water, it is thus achieved that graphene oxide solution;
(2) preparation of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst:
By graphene oxide (GO) prepared for step (1), hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) mix and blend is equal Even, then 100 DEG C of hydro-thermal 12 h, then cooling, dialysis, filter, wash, are dried to obtain undersized Graphene.
In step (1), the concentration of graphene oxide water solution is 1 mg/mL.
In step (2), the reactant liquor after stirring is put in reactor, and volume is filled to 80%;
The application of a kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst as above: have engine dyeing for Photocatalytic Activity for Degradation Material rhodamine B, described photocatalyst irradiates 6 h under the visible ray of wavelength 405 ± 15 nm, and the rhodamine B of 90% is the most Through being degraded.
Specifically comprising the following steps that of photocatalysis degradation organic contaminant
A certain amount of catalyst is scattered in certain density rhodamine B solution, stirs, stir upon adsorption flat under room temperature After weighing apparatus, illumination certain time, it is then centrifuged for, then measures under the different photocatalysis time on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer Absorbance.
The remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
(1) present invention is successfully prepared by a step hydrothermal synthesis method and has smaller size of nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst. In this hydrothermal reaction process, graphene oxide is not only transformed into the Graphene of N doping, and the most cropped Less.Owing to size reduces, then it is more beneficial for transfer and the separation of photo-generated carrier, reduces electron-hole recombination rate.
(2) size reduces, and specific surface area increases, and absorbability strengthens, and these factors are all conducive to improving undersized nitrogen The photocatalytic activity of doped graphene degradable organic pollutant under visible light.
(3) the undersized nitrogen-doped graphene catalyst low cost prepared, the technique of preparation are simple, and have and compare Good photocatalysis effect, is expected to be applied to the photocatalysis treatment of industrial wastewater, waste gas, for solving the most serious environmental pollution Problem is significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-A is the atomic force microscope figure of large-sized nitrogen-doped graphene (L-NGR).
Fig. 1-B is the atomic force microscope figure of undersized nitrogen-doped graphene (S-NGR).
Fig. 2-a is the XPS figure of the C1s of L-NGR and S-NGR;
Fig. 2-b is the XPS figure of the O1s of L-NGR and S-NGR;
Fig. 2-c is the XPS figure of the N1s of L-NGR and S-NGR.
Fig. 3 is the photocatalytically degradating organic dye rhodamine B figure of L-NGR and S-NGR.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention the following example further illustrates present disclosure, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to The following example.
Embodiment 1
By P2O5And K2S2O8By the quality of 1:1 than mix homogeneously, it is slowly added to the 12 dense H of mL 98%2SO4, it is heated to 80 DEG C, Add graphite powder, constant temperature 24 h;Room temperature cools down, and stirs after dilute with water, the most static;Sucking filtration, obtains filtering residue;Gained filtering residue is done The 120 dense H of mL 98% it are dissolved in after dry2SO4In, it is slowly added to 15 g KMnO under magnetic agitation4, and the temperature controlling reactant liquor is low In 20 DEG C, then stirring reaction 2 h at 35 DEG C~40 DEG C;It is slowly added to 250 mL water while stirring be diluted and control The temperature of reactant liquor processed is less than 50 DEG C;Add 1 L deionized water and 20 mL 30%H2O2(being added dropwise over), continues stirring, Stand overnight.Filtering, filtering residue 1:10 hydrochloric acid: deionized water wash, centrifugation, dialysis is washed, and collects solid, is dried, so The rear final graphite oxide ultrasonic disperse again that obtains is in deionized water, it is thus achieved that graphene oxide solution;
20 mg NaOH are dispersed in 80 mL graphene oxide solution (1 mg/mL), after blended stirring 1 h, 0.5 mL N2H4·H2O adds in above solution, and solution is placed in 100 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 12 h in reactor, then cooling, dialysis, Washing, be dried to obtain S-NGR catalyst, wherein the particle diameter of S-NGR catalyst is 300 nm;Take 80 mL graphene oxide solution, After blended stirring 1 h, 0.5 mL N2H4·H2O adds in above solution, and solution is placed in 100 DEG C of hydro-thermals in reactor Reacting 12 h, then cooling, dialysis, wash, be dried to obtain L-NGR catalyst, wherein the particle diameter of L-NGR catalyst is 930 nm。
Embodiment 2
The catalyst (S-NGR catalyst is experimental group, and L-NGR catalyst is matched group) that 10 mg embodiments 1 prepare is added to Mix homogeneously in the rhodamine B solution of 5 ppm 60 mL, after stirring balance upon adsorption under room temperature, be placed in visible ray (405 ± 15 nm) under illumination 6 h, afterwards to closing xenon source, by the sample centrifugation in all of centrifuge tube, centrifugal after gained To the supernatant be further diverted in quartz colorimetric utensil on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer measuring the different photocatalysis time Under absorbance, thus obtain the photocatalytic degradation curve under visible light illumination to rhodamine B of catalyst under each time period Figure, result is as shown in Figure 3, it is seen that S-NGR catalyst is after illumination 6h, and the degradation rate of rhodamine B is 90%, and L-NGR catalyst After illumination 6h, the degradation rate of rhodamine B is only 25%, and the change that thus can obtain size produces obvious shadow to photocatalysis performance Ring.
Fig. 1 is the atomic force microscope figure of the nitrogen-doped graphene of prepared different size size, from Fig. 1 (A) and (B) can draw in, Graphene, after alkali processes, is the most successfully cut into more scutellate Graphene.
Fig. 2 is the XPS figure of the nitrogen-doped graphene of different size size, can be clearly seen that we have become from figure Merit synthesizes the Graphene of N doping, and changing of size does not has the generation of the content on nitrogen significantly impact.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with Modify, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the preparation method of a small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst, it is characterised in that: concretely comprising the following steps of the method:
(1) graphite oxide is dissolved in ultrasonic disperse in deionized water, obtains graphene oxide solution;
(2) 20 mg sodium hydroxide are dispersed in 80 mL graphene oxide solution, after blended stirring 1 h, 0.5 mL water Close hydrazine and add in above solution, solution is placed in 100 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 12 h in reactor, after reaction terminates, treat above-mentioned instead Liquid is answered to be cooled to room temperature;Reactant liquor is put in dialysis bag, and dialysis to ion concentration is less than 10 ppm;After dialysis is complete, sucking filtration, It is washed with deionized, afterwards sample drying is obtained described small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst.
The preparation method of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described In step (1) and step (2), the concentration of graphene oxide solution is 1 mg/mL.
The preparation method of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described In step (2), being placed in reactor by solution, volume is filled to 80%.
4. the small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst that the preparation method as described in claim 1-3 is arbitrary prepares.
Small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described small size nitrogen is mixed The particle diameter of miscellaneous Graphene is 300 nm.
6. small size nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalyst as claimed in claim 4 answering in degradating organic dye rhodamine B With.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108636438A (en) * 2018-05-16 2018-10-12 成都理工大学 A kind of nitrogen co-doped graphene photo-catalyst of oxygen and its preparation method and application
CN109012730A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-18 成都理工大学 A kind of nitrogen co-doped photochemical catalyst of visible light-responded boron and its preparation method and application
CN111439801A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-07-24 中国地质大学(北京) Method for photo-thermal photocatalytic co-treatment of high-salinity organic wastewater by using nitrided graphene composite nanofiber membrane
CN113398970A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-17 武汉工程大学 ZnO nanowire array/three-dimensional nitrogen-doped rGO nanotube composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108636438A (en) * 2018-05-16 2018-10-12 成都理工大学 A kind of nitrogen co-doped graphene photo-catalyst of oxygen and its preparation method and application
CN108636438B (en) * 2018-05-16 2021-10-26 成都理工大学 Oxygen-nitrogen co-doped graphene photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN109012730A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-18 成都理工大学 A kind of nitrogen co-doped photochemical catalyst of visible light-responded boron and its preparation method and application
CN109012730B (en) * 2018-08-17 2022-01-11 成都理工大学 Visible light response boron-nitrogen co-doped photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN111439801A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-07-24 中国地质大学(北京) Method for photo-thermal photocatalytic co-treatment of high-salinity organic wastewater by using nitrided graphene composite nanofiber membrane
CN113398970A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-17 武汉工程大学 ZnO nanowire array/three-dimensional nitrogen-doped rGO nanotube composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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