CN103623855B - A kind of method that carbonitride/argentum nano composite material is prepared in chemical reducing agent reduction - Google Patents
A kind of method that carbonitride/argentum nano composite material is prepared in chemical reducing agent reduction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of chemical reducing agent reduction preparation carbon nitride/silver nano composite material.Mainly using N, N dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent, reducing agent, graphite phase carbon nitride powder is as carrier, under gentle reaction condition, silver on carbon nitride layer nucleation, grow up, obtain carbon nitride/silver nano composite material.This preparation method technique simply relates only to redox reaction, and simple operation building-up process is by heating in water bath, and carbonitride carrier with low cost is with tripolycyanamide as Material synthesis.High with carbonitride/silver composite material purity that preparation method of the present invention prepares, impurity content is few；Silver nano-grain particle size at carbonitride Surface Realize is homogeneous (10nm), narrow distribution, and carbonitride is firmly combined with；Carbonitride/argentum nano composite material can be expanded in catalysis, electrochemistry, the application in the field such as antibacterial simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to nano composite material, especially a kind of preparation technology is simple, and with low cost, product has the preparation method of the carbonitride-silver nano particle composite material of good photocatalytic activity.
Technical background
In recent years, the material with carbon element of graphite-like structure, the extensively application such as Graphene and boron doping carbonitride (B-CN) is gradually found.Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) be a kind of Novel non-metal polymer semiconductor photocatalyst (Wong, Nature Mater., 2009,
8:76-80), it has the two-dimensional structure of stacking, and less energy gap (2.7 eV), spectral response range is wider.Relative to inorganic semiconductor, graphite phase carbon nitride is made up of elemental carbon the abundantest on our celestial body and nitrogen, is a kind of organic semiconductor continuable, eco-friendly.Graphite phase carbon nitride preparation technology is simple, and cheap advantage is unique.Reported due to king et al. its photocatalysis performance (Wang, Science, 2009,324:
768-771), the application that graphite phase carbon nitride is strengthened in catalysis and photovoltaic art has been found to.
In general, catalyst can pass through supported precious metal nano-particle, to promote separation of charge, and then carries high catalytic activity.It turned out, produced by the collective oscillation of silver nano-grain surface electronic, plasma resonance effect is made that tremendous contribution to the photocatalytic activity of money base semiconductor composite.The plasma resonance peak of silver is in visible region, thus result in the strong absorption to sunlight.Additionally, the good electric conductivity of Nano silver grain can improve electric transmission, make the carrier of generation be quickly transferred to silver surface, thus suppress the compound of electron-hole pair.Prior art there are some report the preparation about carbonitride-silver nano particle composite material and application.Such as, Holland " applied catalysis " (Applied Catalysis A:
General, 409-410 phase in 2011 page 215) report the preparation method of a kind of carbonitride/silver, the method utilizes solvent volatilization, thermal reduction to prepare carbonitride-silver mixture, and analyze its application in terms of photocatalytic degradation of dye and photocatalysis hydrogen production；Holland's " applied catalysis " (Applied Catalysis B:
Environmental, 142-143 phase in 2013 page 828) report and utilize photoreduction method to prepare carbonitride/argentum nano composite material.
Although the preparation method of carbon nitride/silver nano composite material has had some to report, but the Nano silver grain size in the composite of above-mentioned report is the most homogeneous, poor dispersion, easy gathering etc., these have all had a strong impact on the serviceability of composite.Therefore, on carbonitride surface, generated by gentle solution phase chemical reduction that size is homogeneous, the Nano silver grain of favorable dispersibility, thus prepare carbonitride/argentum nano composite material and have great importance.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the preparation method of a kind of chemical reducing agent reduction preparation carbon nitride/silver nano composite material.Using DMF (DMF) as reducing agent, graphite phase carbon nitride prepared by thermal decomposition tripolycyanamide is carrier, under gentle reaction condition, silver on carbon nitride layer nucleation, grow up, obtain carbon nitride/silver nano composite material.This preparation method technique is simple, and the carbonitride of synthesis/silver composite material purity is high, and impurity content is few.The carbon nitride/silver nano composite material synthesized by preparation method of the present invention in catalytic field extensive application, can also expand it in electrochemistry, the application in the field such as antibacterial simultaneously.
The method of a kind of chemical reducing agent of present invention reduction preparation carbon nitride/silver nano composite material, this preparation method is realized by following steps:
(1) graphite phase carbon nitride being scattered in DMF solution with the ratio of 6 ~ 10mg/mL, ultrasonic disperse obtains the dispersion liquid of carbonitride；
(2) it is to weigh silver nitrate at 6: 1 ~ 120: 1 according to the mass ratio of graphite phase carbon nitride and silver nitrate, silver nitrate is scattered in DMF, and adding surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), its quality is 1 ~ 1.5 times of silver nitrate quality, and magnetic agitation prepares silver nitrate dispersion liquid；
(3) two kinds of solution mixing prepared by above-mentioned steps one prepared and step 2, transfer in a there-necked flask after magnetic agitation, heating in water bath to 80 ~ 90 DEG C reacts while stirring, reacts 10 ~ 20h；
(4) solution centrifugal above-mentioned steps three reacted, obtains carbonitride/silver composite precipitation；Then with distilled water cyclic washing until removing unconjugated Nano silver grain；Finally by product ethanol purge, obtain carbonitride-Nano silver grain complex after drying；
(5) utilize scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray electron spectrum (XPS), transmission electron microscope (TEM) that product is carried out Morphology Structure Analysis, it is that target dyestuff carries out photocatalytic degradation experiment with methyl orange (MO) solution, absorbance is measured, to assess its photocatalytic activity by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
Ultrasonic disperse in described step 1 refers to: supersound process 30min ~ 90min in the ultrasonic cleaner of 40kHz, 100W.
In described step 2, the time of magnetic agitation is 30 ~ 60min.
The time of the magnetic agitation in described step 3 is 10 ~ 30min.
In silver nitrate dispersion liquid in described step 2, the concentration of silver nitrate is 0.005mol/L ~ 0.03mol/L.
Centrifugal condition in described step 4 is: 4000 ~ 8000rmp is centrifuged 3 ~ 5min.
Dry finger in described step 4 is dried 12 ~ 24h in the vacuum drying oven that vacuum is 100kPa at 30 ~ 60 DEG C.
Wherein, the graphite phase carbon nitride in step one can be prepared by tripolycyanamide, cyanamid dimerization or carbamide thermal decomposition method；It addition, condensing unit can be used in step 3 to prevent the evaporation of solvent, its condensing unit is straight or spherical condensation tube.
Compared with prior art, present invention have an advantage that
(1) directly generating silver nano-grain on carbon nitride layer, the composite impurity content of preparation is low, applied range.
(2) the silver nano-grain particle diameter at carbonitride Surface Realize is less, is evenly distributed, with being firmly combined with of carbonitride.
The present invention has that technique is simple, simple operation, the feature of excellent product performance, the carbonitride-silver nano particle composite material of this method synthesis has potential extensive application at catalysis, photoelectric field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of the carbonitride/silver composite material prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the EDS analysis result of the carbonitride/silver composite material prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffraction analysis figure of the carbonitride/silver composite material prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the XPS Determination of Different Valence States of Ag element in the carbonitride/silver composite material prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the carbonitride/silver composite material prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the time m-degradation rate graph of a relation of pure carbonitride and carbon nitride/silver nano composite material photo-catalytic degradation of methyl-orange (MO) solution.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
1
Carbonitride
/
The preparation of silver nano particle composite material
The graphite phase carbon nitride taking 0.27g is scattered in the N of 30mL, in dinethylformamide (DMF) solution, at 40kHz, 100W power ultrasonic processes, process 30min, thus break the reunion of carbonitride, make nitridation carbon plate be uniformly dispersed in DMF solution, thus prepare DMF (DMF) solution of carbonitride；The silver nitrate weighing 45mg is scattered in the DMF of 10mL, is subsequently adding the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of 50mg, magnetic agitation 40min；N by above-mentioned carbonitride, dinethylformamide (DMF) solution and the N of silver nitrate, dinethylformamide (DMF) solution mixes, and magnetic agitation 30min is then transferred in a there-necked flask, the water-bath of 80 DEG C is reacted while stirring, reaction 20h, the solution 5000rmp after having reacted are centrifuged 5min, remove upper strata waste liquid, product distilled water cyclic washing will be precipitated, remove unconjugated Nano silver grain；Finally by product ethanol purge, and in vacuum drying oven, at 30 DEG C, it is dried 24h i.e. obtains product of the present invention: carbonitride-silver nano particle composite material.
Embodiment
2
Carbonitride
/
The preparation of silver nano particle composite material
The graphite phase carbon nitride taking 0.27g is scattered in the DMF solution of 30mL, processes at 40kHz, 100W power ultrasonic, processes 60min, thus breaks the reunion of carbonitride, makes nitridation carbon plate be uniformly dispersed in DMF solution；The silver nitrate weighing 22.5mg is scattered in the DMF of 10mL, is subsequently adding the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of 25mg, magnetic agitation 30min；Above two solution is mixed, magnetic agitation 15min, it is then transferred in a there-necked flask, the water-bath of 85 DEG C is reacted while stirring, reaction 16h, the solution 6000rmp after having reacted are centrifuged 5min, remove upper strata waste liquid, precipitated product is used distilled water cyclic washing, removes unconjugated Nano silver grain；Finally by product ethanol purge, and in vacuum drying oven, at 40 DEG C, it is dried 18h obtains carbonitride/silver powder and be product of the present invention: carbonitride-silver nano particle composite material.
Embodiment
3
Carbonitride
/
The preparation of silver nano particle composite material
The graphite phase carbon nitride taking 0.27g is scattered in the DMF solution of 30mL, processes at 40kHz, 100W power ultrasonic, processes 90min, thus breaks the reunion of carbonitride, makes nitridation carbon plate be uniformly dispersed in DMF solution；The silver nitrate weighing 9mg is scattered in the DMF of 10mL, is subsequently adding the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of 10mg, magnetic agitation 30min；Above two solution is mixed, magnetic agitation 20min, it is then transferred in there-necked flask, the water-bath of 90 DEG C is reacted while stirring, reaction 12h, the solution 7000rmp after having reacted are centrifuged 4min, remove upper strata waste liquid, precipitated product is used distilled water cyclic washing, removes unconjugated Nano silver grain；Finally by product ethanol purge, and the carbonitride/silver powder being dried 12h gained in vacuum drying oven at 45 DEG C is product of the present invention: carbonitride-silver nano particle composite material.
Embodiment
4
Pure nitrogen carbide and carbonitride
/
The photocatalytic activity experiment of silver nano particle composite material
(1) compound concentration is methyl orange (MO) solution of 10mg/L, and the solution prepared is placed in dark place；
(2) carbonitride and each 30mg of carbonitride/silver composite material are weighed, it is respectively placed in photo catalysis reactor, add the target degradation solution (every 60ml methyl orange solution is separately added into 30mg carbonitride and carbonitride/silver composite material) that 60mL step (1) is prepared, dark place magnetic agitation 30min is after catalyst is uniformly dispersed, open water source, light source, carries out photocatalytic degradation experiment；
(3) every 1h draws the photocatalytic degradation liquid in reactor, for the measurement of UV-visible absorbance after being centrifuged.
Fig. 1 is scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph, it will be seen that carbonitride favorable dispersibility, the silver nano-grain of carbonitride top layer absorption effectively prevents the reunion of carbonitride；Fig. 2 is the analysis result of EDS, and this composite of surface is made up of silver, carbon and nitrogen；Fig. 3 is that XRD analysis result shows: 2 diffraction maximums are the characteristic peak of nitrogen carbide, has two crystal faces, and the corresponding indices of crystallographic plane are followed successively by (100) from inside to outside, (002), and the load of silver weakens nitrogen carbide diffraction peak intensity；Fig. 4 represents that 3d doublet has the feature at the Ag3d peak of 6.0eV division, this and metal Ag0Simple substance is consistent；It will be seen that silver nano-grain adsorbed close is on the surface of carbonitride from Fig. 5, grain size little (mean diameter 10nm), it is evenly distributed；As seen from Figure 6, in photo-catalytic degradation of methyl-orange is tested, nitrogen carbide/silver nano particle composite material shows the photocatalytic activity of excellence than pure carbonitride, and carbonitride/silver composite material methyl orange (MO) solution degradation rate after catalytic reaction 4h has reached 80%.
Claims (1)
1. the method that carbonitride/argentum nano composite material is prepared in a chemical reducing agent reduction, described carbonitride/argentum nano composite material is for the methyl orange solution of 10mg/L, after catalytic reaction 4h, methyl orange solution degradation rate reaches 80%, described carbonitride/argentum nano composite material, carbonitride favorable dispersibility, the silver nano-grain of carbonitride top layer absorption effectively prevents the reunion of carbonitride, silver nano-grain adsorbed close is on the surface of carbonitride, grain size is little, mean diameter 10nm, is evenly distributed；It is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The graphite phase carbon nitride taking 0.27g is scattered in the N of 30mL, in dinethylformamide (DMF) solution, at 40kHz, 100W power ultrasonic processes, process 30min, thus break the reunion of carbonitride, make nitridation carbon plate be uniformly dispersed in DMF solution, thus prepare DMF (DMF) solution of carbonitride；The silver nitrate weighing 45mg is scattered in the DMF of 10mL, is subsequently adding the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of 50mg, magnetic agitation 40min；N by above-mentioned carbonitride, dinethylformamide (DMF) solution and the N of silver nitrate, dinethylformamide (DMF) solution mixes, and magnetic agitation 30min is then transferred in a there-necked flask, the water-bath of 80 DEG C is reacted while stirring, reaction 20h, the solution after having reacted is centrifugal 5min under 5000rmp rotating speed, removes upper strata waste liquid, product distilled water cyclic washing will be precipitated, remove unconjugated Nano silver grain；Finally by product ethanol purge, and in vacuum drying oven, at 30 DEG C, it is dried 24h i.e. obtains product: carbonitride-silver nano particle composite material.
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| CN105233850A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-01-13 | 河海大学 | Magnetic nanometer composite photocatalysis material, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110404569A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-11-05 | 奥为（天津）环保科技有限公司 | A kind of Metal Supported g-C3N4The preparation method of photochemical catalyst |
| CN108704657B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-12-11 | 广东工业大学 | Red phosphorus/graphite phase carbon nitride composite nanosheet and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109659515A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-19 | 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the fluorination carbon electrode material of Ag C modification |
| CN112514895A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-19 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of efficient antibacterial agent with silver loaded on mesoporous carbon nitride |
| CN113559906A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-29 | 南京工大环境科技南通有限公司 | Method for preparing semiconductor coupling composite photocatalyst for treating refractory wastewater |
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