CN106106138A - A kind of red palm cross-breeding and method for quickly breeding - Google Patents
A kind of red palm cross-breeding and method for quickly breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106106138A CN106106138A CN201610683942.3A CN201610683942A CN106106138A CN 106106138 A CN106106138 A CN 106106138A CN 201610683942 A CN201610683942 A CN 201610683942A CN 106106138 A CN106106138 A CN 106106138A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/005—Methods for micropropagation; Vegetative plant propagation using cell or tissue culture techniques
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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Abstract
A kind of red palm cross-breeding and method for quickly breeding, include selection, artificial pollination, aseptic seeding cultivation, enrichment culture, strengthening seedling and rooting cultivation, six steps of test tube transplantation of seedlings successively.Use the inventive method can improve the red palm and be hybridized to power, solve the advantages such as some cross combination flowering asynchronism problems, quickly breeding high quality seedling, tool less investment, output height, to apply to large-scale production and the protection of red palm germ plasm resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding and the propagation method of plant, refer in particular to a kind of red palm cross-breeding and Fast-propagation side
Method.
Background technology
The red palm (Anthurium adndraeanum) is Araeceae Anthurium (Anthurium Schott) torrid zone grass
These flowers, its flower the peculiar gracefulness of appearance, spathe color beautiful different, be distributed widely in Central and South America.The red palm in the whole world there are about 19
Individual genus or subgenus, have initial species, mutation and cenospecies about more than 1000, is one of maximum genus of Araeceae.The red palm due to
Unique spathe and florescence are the longest, and have high ornamental value, are that the basin that cultivation is extensive in the world, sales volume is maximum is cut
One of flowers, the red palm in the current whole world year the amount of consumption more than 10,000,000,000 RMB, the end of the eighties in last century is just introduced in me
State also starts extensively to plant；Up to now, China has formed single market the biggest in the world.
The red palm generally can use plant division and cottage propagation, and owing to red palm stem is short, tillering ability is the most limited, therefore both without
The breeding coefficient of sexual reproduction method is the highest, and reproduction speed is slow, although quite a few red palm seed can be miscellaneous by nature
Handing over pollination solid acquisition, but heterozygosis success rate is the highest, and parental source is the brightest, flowering asynchronism and owing to each red palm variety seeds becomes
The ripe phase differs, and harvest time is long, need to repeatedly gather, repeatedly sow, inefficient, if red palm seed is sowed at natural environment or substrate
Sprout, germination percentage is on the low side, only 20%～30%.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of red palm cross-breeding and method for quickly breeding, and its main purpose is to overcome the existing red palm miscellaneous
The defect such as conjunction rate is low, flowering asynchronism, length breeding cycle, seed germination rate are low.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of red palm cross-breeding and method for quickly breeding, comprise the following steps:
1) selection: choose robust plant, the red palm of resistance is excellent, ornamental value is high two kinds of different generas respectively as male parent and
Maternal；
2) artificial pollination: stimulate or winter season through short-term low temperature (16 DEG C～18 DEG C), at flowering period, daystart gathers male parent
Pollen, and female parent is carried out artificial pollination, the amber seed not fallen off being developed to maturation after pollination is as outer implant；
3) aseptic seeding is cultivated: the outside rind of this amber seed is sloughed and is cleaned up, by concentration volume fraction is first
Alcohol-pickled 30～40 seconds of 74%～77%, then with mercuric chloride solution that concentration mass fraction is 0.12%～0.18% sterilization 14
～16 minutes, then with rinsed with sterile water 5～7 times, finally blot the moisture of this amber seed outer surface with filter paper and connect
Plant and cultivate on the germination medium that pH value is 5.5～6.0, be trained the plantlet of a height of 1～1.5 centimetre；
The formula of germination medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5～1.0g/L, inositol 80～100mg/L,
Glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.02～0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～1.0mg/L,
Nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.1～0.5mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.005～0.5 mg/L,
Sucrose 15～30g/L, agar 4～5g/L；
4) enrichment culture: the plantlet that the cultivation in step 3) draws is cut root and transfers to the increasing that pH value is 5.5～6.0
Cultivate in growing culture medium, be trained the seedling that height is 1.5～3.0 centimetres；
The formula of proliferated culture medium is: MS minimal medium, inositol 80～100mg/L, glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, hydrochloric acid
Thiamine (VB1) 0.02～0.6mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～1.0mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.1
～1.0 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, sucrose 20～30g/L, agar 4～5g/L；
5) strengthening seedling and rooting is cultivated: it is 5.5～6.0 strengthening seedling and rootings that the seedling that the cultivation in step 4) draws is transferred to pH value
Culture medium is cultivated, is trained the test tube Seedling of a height of 3.0～5.0cm；
The formula of strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5～3.0g/L, containing inositol 80～
100mg/L, glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.02～0.6mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～
1.0mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.005～0.5 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, sucrose 20～30g/L, agar 5～6g/
L；
6) test tube transplantation of seedlings: the test tube Seedling cultivation in step 5) drawn transfers to seedling exercising 5 in shading more than 70% greenhouse
～10 days, then it is taken out from strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium, cleans the culture medium of root residual, with 70% thiophanate methyl or
800 times of liquid disinfectants of carbendazol wettable powder are planted after processing and are cultivated into seedling in seedling medium；
The formula of seedling medium is: peat soil, perlite, river sand are mixed to form for 8:1:1～9:0.5:0.5 by volume
Mixed-matrix.
Further, step 2) in artificial pollination process, when male parent is identical with the maternal florescence, maternal spadix gynoecium
Start secreting mucus 1～2 days；Take paternal pollen brush pen directly to invest on maternal stigma when daystart 4～6.
Further, step 2) in artificial pollination, when male parent and maternal flowering asynchronism, take male parent material and be placed in artificial gas
Wait in room, temperature 16 DEG C～18 DEG C be wherein set night, daytime growing temperatures 28 DEG C～32 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, during illumination
Long 12h/ d；Process more than two weeks, till collecting paternal pollen, with brush pen, pollen directly invested maternal post afterwards
On head.
Further, step 3)～5) in cultivation temperature be 22～27 DEG C.
Further, step 3)～5) in intensity of illumination be 1500～2000lx.
Further, step 3)～5) light irradiation time is 10～14 h/d.
Further, the intensity of illumination in step 6) is 1500～2500lx.
Further, the kind of the described red palm can be Anthurium andraeanum( great Ye fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.bakeri
(green spathe fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.crystallinum, A.dussii (triangle leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.holtonianum(anise leaf flower
Candle), A.hookeri, A.kempteri, A.longipetiolatum, A.macrolobum, A.magnificure,
A.miquelianum、A.nymphillium、A.ozfisianum、A.pedatoradiatum、A.putamayo、
A.scanden, A.signature(trilobated leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.subsignatum, A.undatum, A.variabile,
A.veitchii、A.warocquenum。
In the present invention, the MS used in germination medium, proliferated culture medium, strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium substantially cultivate or
1/2MS minimal medium is that the growth of red palm seedling provides the inorganic nutritive elements such as N, P, K, to meet the base of its growth
This demand.
The activated carbon used in the present invention, English name activated carbon (is called for short AC), has the red palm of absorption
The effect of the noxious substance of metabolism in growth.
The inositol used in the present invention, English name Inositol, it works in the mutually conversion of saccharide, is thin
The structure material of cell wall.Inositol participates in carbohydrate, the physiological activity such as phospholipid metabolism and ionic equilibrium, has help active matter
The effect that matter plays a role, can promote callus growth, and the formation to embryoid and bud also has good facilitation.
The glycine used in the present invention, English name Glycine, it is possible to increase stress resistance of plant, special to plant growing
It not that photosynthesis has unique facilitation；It can increase the chlorophyll content of plant, improves the activity of enzyme, promotes two
The infiltration of carbonoxide, makes photosynthesis more vigorous, thus improves the quality of the red palm.
The thiamine hydrochloride (being called for short VB1) used in the present invention, is a kind of existence form of vitamin B1, thiamine hydrochloride
Induction for anthurium andraeanum callus has facilitation, moreover it is possible to promotes cell division, improves its speed of growth.
The pyridoxine hydrochloride (being called for short VB6) used in the present invention, calls vitamin B6, it is possible to promote plant root growth,
Improve the speed of growth of the red palm.
The nicotinic acid used in the present invention is also referred to as vitamin B3, or vitamin PP, molecular formula: C6H5NO2.Its major physiological
Effect is to participate in carbohydrate metabolism, phospholipid metabolism and ionic equilibrium effect, and tissue fast-growth is had facilitation, right
Embryoid and being formed of bud well affect.
The 6-benzyl aminoadenine used in the present invention, English name 6-Benzylaminopurine (is called for short 6-BA),
Belong to broad spectrum activity plant growth regulator, can promote that red palm cell grows, suppress its chlorophyllous degraded, improve amino acid whose containing
Amount, Delaying Leaf-Senescence etc..
The naphthalene acetic acid used in the present invention, English name 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (is called for short NAA), is wide
Spectral pattern plant growth regulator, can promote cell division and expansion, and induced synthesis adventitious root increases setting, prevents shedding, changes
Female, male flower ratio etc..
The sucrose used in the present invention plays the effect of energy substance and Osmolyte regulator, and in addition to energy supply, moreover it is possible to
Breaking up again of callus induction tissue.
Compared to the prior art, what the present invention produced has the beneficial effects that:
1, the red palm that the present invention produces has and is hybridized to that power is high, the features such as fast, Miao Zhuan, seedling quality better, well-grown of emerging,
Some cross combination flowering asynchronism problems, quickly breeding high quality seedling can be solved, and be produced on a large scale, have less investment,
The advantages such as output is high.A large amount of seedlings can be obtained, for large-scale production and the protection of red palm germ plasm resource.
2, in the various compositions of the present invention, minimal medium only ensures existence and minimum physiological activity, the flesh of culture
Alcohol, thiamine hydrochloride promote callus growth, activated carbon, glycine, pyridoxine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid, 6-benzyl aminoadenine, naphthalene
Acetic acid can promote cell division, makes tissue quickly increase so that the red palm can Fast-propagation.
3, current, though having red palm aseptic seeding and test tube seedling breeding method both at home and abroad, but do not have a kind of culture medium to be suitable for
In aseptic seeding and the test tube seedling of the red palm of different cultivars, therefore the present invention has bigger advantage on adaptability, can be suitable for
The red palm in each kind.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described below.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding and method for quickly breeding, comprise the following steps:
Step one: selection
Choose robust plant, the red palm of resistance is excellent, ornamental value is high two kinds of different generas is respectively as male parent and female parent.Should
The kind of the red palm can be Anthurium andraeanum( great Ye fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.bakeri(green spathe fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding),
A.crystallinum, A.dussii (triangle leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.holtonianum(anise leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.hookeri,
A.kempteri、A.longipetiolatum、A.macrolobum、A.magnificure、A.miquelianum、
A.nymphillium、A.ozfisianum、A.pedatoradiatum、A.putamayo、A.scanden、A.signature
(trilobated leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.subsignatum, A.undatum, A.variabile, A.veitchii, A.warocquenum.
Step 2: artificial pollination
Stimulating or winter season through short-term low temperature (16 DEG C～18 DEG C), at flowering period, daystart gathers the pollen of male parent, and to mother
Originally carrying out artificial pollination, the amber seed not fallen off being developed to maturation after pollination is as outer implant；
During artificial pollination, when male parent is identical with the maternal florescence, maternal spadix gynoecium starts secreting mucus 1～2 days；
Take paternal pollen brush pen directly to invest on maternal stigma when daystart 4～6；
When male parent and maternal flowering asynchronism, take male parent material and be placed in phjytotron, wherein arrange night temperature 16 DEG C～
18 DEG C, daytime growing temperatures 28 DEG C～32 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, light irradiation time 12h/ d；Process more than two weeks, until adopting
Pollen, to paternal pollen, is directly invested on maternal stigma by collection afterwards with brush pen.
Step 3: aseptic seeding is cultivated
The outside rind of this amber seed is sloughed and cleaned up, first with the ethanol leaching that concentration volume fraction is 74%～77%
Steep 30～40 seconds, then sterilize 14～16 minutes with the mercuric chloride solution that concentration mass fraction is 0.12%～0.18%, then use nothing
Bacterium water rinse 5～7 times, finally with filter paper blot this amber seed outer surface moisture and be inoculated into pH value be 5.5～
Cultivate on the germination medium of 6.0, be trained the plantlet of a height of 1～1.5 centimetre；
The formula of germination medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5～1.0g/L, inositol 80～100mg/L,
Glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.02～0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～1.0mg/L,
Nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.1～0.5mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.005～0.5 mg/L,
Sucrose 15～30g/L, agar 4～5g/L；
The effect of germination medium is germination percentage and the speed of germination improving seed, and making seed Fast Growth is plantlet, subtracts
The waste of few resource, amber seed is cultivated in germination medium 30～35 days and can be trained a height of 1～1.5 centimetre little
Plant.
Step 4: enrichment culture
The plantlet that cultivation in step 3 draws is cut root and transfers in the proliferated culture medium that pH value is 5.5～6.0
Cultivate, be trained the seedling that height is 1.5～3.0 centimetres；
The formula of proliferated culture medium is: MS minimal medium, inositol 80～100mg/L, glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, hydrochloric acid
Thiamine (VB1) 0.02～0.6mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～1.0mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.1
～1.0 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, sucrose 20～30g/L, agar 4～5g/L；
The effect of proliferated culture medium is for large-scale production, improves the efficiency produced, and plantlet is cultivated in proliferated culture medium
30～60 days, the seedling that height is 1.5～3.0 centimetres can be trained.
Step 5: strengthening seedling and rooting is cultivated
It is to cultivate in 5.5～6.0 strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium that the seedling that cultivation in step 4 draws is transferred to pH value,
It is trained the test tube Seedling of a height of 3.0～5.0cm；
The formula of strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5～3.0g/L, containing inositol 80～
100mg/L, glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.02～0.6mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～
1.0mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.005～0.5 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, sucrose 20～30g/L, agar 5～6g/
L；
The effect of strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium is the survival rate improving test tube Seedling, and promotes that it grows.Seedling is cultivated at strengthening seedling and rooting
Base is cultivated 30～40 days, the test tube Seedling of a height of 3.0～5.0cm can be trained.
Step 6: test tube transplantation of seedlings
Test tube Seedling cultivation in step 5 drawn is transferred in shading more than 70% greenhouse seedling exercising 5～10 days, then will
It takes out from strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium, cleans the culture medium of root residual, with 70% thiophanate methyl or carbendazim wettable powder
800 times of liquid disinfectants of agent are planted after processing and are cultivated into seedling in seedling medium；
The formula of seedling medium is: peat soil, perlite, river sand are mixed to form for 8:1:1～9:0.5:0.5 by volume
Mixed-matrix；
Seedling medium is cultivated 45～90 days, seedling can be cultivated into.
Wherein, the cultivation temperature in step 3～five is 22～27 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1500～2000lx, light irradiation time
It is 10～14 h/d.Intensity of illumination in step 6 is 1500～2500lx.The red palm seedling that the present invention produces has and is hybridized to
Power is high, the features such as fast, Miao Zhuan, seedling quality better, well-grown of emerging, and is produced on a large scale, and has less investment, output
High advantage.A large amount of seedlings can be obtained, for protection and the merchandized handling of red palm germ plasm resource.At present, though having both at home and abroad
Red palm aseptic seeding and test tube seedling breeding method, but do not have a kind of culture medium be suitably adapted for the red palm of different cultivars aseptic seeding and
Test tube seedling, therefore the present invention has bigger advantage on adaptability, can be suitably used for the red palm of each kind.
It addition, in the various compositions of the present invention, minimal medium only ensures the existence of culture and minimum physiological activity,
Inositol, thiamine hydrochloride callus growth, activated carbon, glycine, pyridoxine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid, 6-benzyl aminoadenine, naphthalene second
Acid can promote cell division, makes tissue quickly increase so that the red palm can Fast-propagation.
Embodiment one
Step one: selection
Choose mobile telephone (Dakota) and bright cherry-red (Cherryred), and the most maternal with eldest brother, bright cherry-red for male parent.
Step 2: artificial pollination
In December～flowering period in February, gather pollen when bright cherry-red spadix pollen bag ftractures 1～2 day, with brush pen by it
Invest in the spadix base portion secretion mucus of maternal mobile telephone.Bagging after pollination, hangs up label, indicates Parent, hybridization day
The information such as phase, wait seed maturity to gather as outer implant to during yellowing；
Add up the success rate of pollination after 4 months, reach more than 90%.
Step 3: aseptic seeding is cultivated
With detergent by amber seed surface contaminants rinsed clean, afterwards outside rind pumped and clean up, using 75% wine
Essence is soaked 35 seconds, then sterilizes 15 minutes with 0.15% mercuric chloride solution, and rinsed with sterile water 6 times, by yellow kind after filter paper suck dry moisture
Son is inoculated on germination medium, and when the 13rd day, seed starts to sprout and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and when the 25th day, seed cotyledons germinates, the 35th day can
Form 1～1.5 centimetre of high plantlet；
The formula of germination medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5g/L, inositol 100mg/L, glycine
2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/L, 6-benzyl amino
Adenine (6-BA) 0.5mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.05 mg/L, sucrose 20g/L, agar 5 g/L, its pH value is 6.0.
Step 4: enrichment culture
It is transferred on proliferated culture medium after plantlet is cut root, the seedling that height is 1.5～3.0 centimetres after 60 days, can be formed；
The formula of proliferated culture medium is: MS minimal medium, inositol 100mg/L, glycine 2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1)
0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.2 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/L, sucrose
30g/L, agar 5g/L, its pH value is 6.0.
Step 5: strengthening seedling and rooting is cultivated
It is transferred to seedling in strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium cultivate, 3.0～5.0cm high test tube Seedlings after 30 days, can be formed；
The formula of strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 1.5g/L, inositol 100mg/L, sweet ammonia
Acid 2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid
(NAA) 0.05mg/L, sucrose 25g/L, agar 5g/L, its pH value is 6.0.
Step 6: test tube transplantation of seedlings
Test tube Seedling is placed in seedling exercising 7 days in the greenhouse of shading more than 70%, then cleans root remaining medium, then use 70% methyl
Thiophanate or 800 times of liquid disinfectants of carbendazol wettable powder plant after processing into peat soil, perlite, river sand (volume ratio 8:1:
1) mixed-matrix is cultivated 60 days, obtains seedling.
In above-mentioned steps three～five, condition of culture is cultivation temperature 24 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, light irradiation time 12h/ d；On
Stating condition of culture in step 6 is intensity of illumination 2000lx.Through statistics after, survival rate is 98%.
Embodiment two
Step one: selection
Choose Pola (Baby pear) and illusion (Princess Amalia Brilliant), and with Pola as female parent, illusion
For male parent.
Step 2: artificial pollination
Owing to Pola and illusion florescence differ, take male parent illusion parent material and be placed in phjytotron, wherein arrange night
Temperature 16 DEG C, daytime growing temperatures 28 DEG C～32 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, light irradiation time 12h/ d；Process 1 month；In illusion
Gathering pollen when spadix pollen bag ftractures 1～2 day, the spadix base portion secretion being invested maternal Pola with brush pen is glutinous
In liquid.Bagging after pollination, hangs up label, indicates the information such as Parent, hybridization date, waits seed maturity to gather to during yellowing
As outer implant；
Add up the success rate of pollination after 4 months, reach more than 75%.
Step 3: aseptic seeding is cultivated
With detergent by amber seed surface contaminants rinsed clean, afterwards outside rind pumped and clean up, using 74% wine
Essence is soaked 30 seconds, then sterilizes 14 minutes with 0.12% mercuric chloride solution, and rinsed with sterile water 5 times, by yellow kind after filter paper suck dry moisture
Son is inoculated on germination medium, and when the 10th day, seed starts to sprout and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and when the 20th day, seed cotyledons germinates, the 30th day can
Form 1～1.5 centimetre of high plantlet；
The formula of germination medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.7g/L, inositol 80mg/L, glycine
2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.5mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/L, 6-benzyl amino
Adenine (6-BA) 0.5 mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.05 mg/L, sucrose 20g/L, agar 5 g/L, its pH value is 5.6.
Step 4: enrichment culture
It is transferred on proliferated culture medium after plantlet is cut root, the seedling that height is 1.5～3.0 centimetres after 40 days, can be formed；
The formula of proliferated culture medium is: MS minimal medium, inositol 80mg/L, glycine 2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1)
0.5mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.5mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/L, sucrose
30g/L, agar 5g/L, its pH value is 5.6.
Step 5: strengthening seedling and rooting is cultivated
It is transferred to seedling in strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium cultivate, 3.0～5.0cm high test tube Seedlings after 30 days, can be formed；
The formula of strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 1.0g/L, inositol 100mg/L, sweet ammonia
Acid 2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid
(NAA) 0.05mg/L, sucrose 25g/L, agar 5g/L, its pH value is 5.6.
Step 6: test tube transplantation of seedlings
Test tube Seedling is placed in seedling exercising 5 days in the greenhouse of shading more than 70%, then cleans root remaining medium, then use 70% methyl
Thiophanate or 800 times of liquid disinfectants of carbendazol wettable powder plant after processing into peat soil, perlite, river sand (volume ratio 8:1:
1) mixed-matrix is cultivated 70 days, obtains seedling.
In above-mentioned steps three～five, condition of culture is cultivation temperature 24 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, light irradiation time 13h/ d；On
Stating condition of culture in step 6 is intensity of illumination 2200lx.Through statistics after, survival rate is 95%.
Embodiment three
Step one: selection
Choose Pandora (Bandola) and Coriolous Dersicolor (Fr.) Quel (YunZhi), and with Pandora as female parent, Coriolous Dersicolor (Fr.) Quel is male parent.
Step 2: pollination
Owing to Pandora and Coriolous Dersicolor (Fr.) Quel florescence differ, take Coriolous Dersicolor (Fr.) Quel parent material and be placed in phjytotron, wherein night, temperature was set
Spend 18 DEG C, daytime growing temperatures 28 DEG C～32 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, light irradiation time 12h/ d；Process 45 days；At Coriolous Dersicolor (Fr.) Quel red meat
Gather pollen when Honoka sequence pollen bag ftractures 1～2 day, invested the spadix base portion mucus of maternal mobile telephone with brush pen
In.Bagging after pollination, hangs up label, indicates the information such as Parent, hybridization date, waits seed maturity to gathering work during yellowing
For outer implant；
Add up the success rate of pollination after 4 months, reach more than 70%.
Step 3: aseptic seeding is cultivated
With detergent by amber seed surface contaminants rinsed clean, afterwards outside rind pumped and clean up, using 77% wine
Essence is soaked 40 seconds, then sterilizes 16 minutes with 0.18% mercuric chloride solution, and rinsed with sterile water 7 times, by yellow kind after filter paper suck dry moisture
Son is inoculated on germination medium, and when the 15th day, seed starts to sprout and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and when the 25th day, seed cotyledons germinates, the 30th day can
Form 1～1.5 centimetre of high plantlet；
The formula of germination medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5g/L, inositol 90mg/L, glycine
2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/L, 6-benzyl amino
Adenine (6-BA) 0.5 mg/L, sucrose 20g/L, agar 5g/L, its pH value is 5.8.
Step 4: enrichment culture
It is transferred on proliferated culture medium after plantlet is cut root, the seedling that height is 1.5～3.0 centimetres after 45 days, can be formed；
The formula of proliferated culture medium is: MS minimal medium, inositol 80mg/L, glycine 2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1)
0.5mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.8mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.02mg/
L, nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/L, sucrose 30g/L, agar 5g/L, its pH value is 5.8.
Step 5: strengthening seedling and rooting is cultivated
It is transferred to seedling in strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium cultivate, 3.0～5.0cm high test tube Seedlings after 40 days, can be formed；
The formula of strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 1.5g/L, inositol 100mg/L, sweet ammonia
Acid 2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.5mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.5mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid
(NAA) 0.05 mg/L, sucrose 30g/L, agar 5g/L, pH 5.8.
Step 6: test tube transplantation of seedlings
Test tube Seedling is placed in seedling exercising 5 days in the greenhouse of shading more than 70%, then cleans root remaining medium, then use 70% methyl
Thiophanate or 800 times of liquid disinfectants of carbendazol wettable powder plant after processing into peat soil, perlite, river sand (volume ratio 8:1:
1) mixed-matrix is cultivated 80 days, obtains seedling.
In above-mentioned steps three～five, condition of culture is cultivation temperature 24 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, light irradiation time 10h/ d；On
Stating condition of culture in step 6 is intensity of illumination 2500lx.Through statistics after, survival rate is 92%.
Show that the seedling required time using the present invention to be trained 7～9cm is trained 7 with using soil plantation through overtesting
～the contrast table of the seedling required time of 9cm is as follows:
It can thus be appreciated that use the present invention be trained the seedling required time of 7～9cm compared to use soil plantation and be trained 7～
The seedling required time of 9cm to be greatly shortened.
Above are only the detailed description of the invention of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, all utilize this
Design carries out the change of unsubstantiality to the present invention, all should belong to the behavior invading scope.
Claims (8)
1. a red palm cross-breeding and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Selection: choose robust plant, the red palm of resistance is excellent, ornamental value is high two kinds of different generas is respectively as male parent and mother
This；
Artificial pollination: stimulate or winter season through short-term low temperature (16 DEG C～18 DEG C), at the pollen of daystart collection in florescence male parent,
And female parent is carried out artificial pollination, the amber seed not fallen off being developed to maturation after pollination is as outer implant；
Aseptic seeding is cultivated: the outside rind of this amber seed is sloughed and cleaned up, and is first 74% by concentration volume fraction
～alcohol-pickled 30～40 seconds of 77%, then with mercuric chloride solution that concentration mass fraction is 0.12%～0.18% sterilization 14～16
Minute, then with rinsed with sterile water 5～7 times, finally blot the moisture of this amber seed outer surface with filter paper and be inoculated into
PH value be 5.5～6.0 germination medium on cultivate, be trained the plantlet of a height of 1～1.5 centimetre；
The formula of germination medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5～1.0g/L, inositol 80～100mg/L,
Glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.02～0.4mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～1.0mg/L,
Nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.1～0.5mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.005～0.5 mg/L,
Sucrose 15～30g/L, agar 4～5g/L；
Enrichment culture: the plantlet that the cultivation in step 3) draws is cut root and transfers to the increasing that pH value is 5.5～6.0
Cultivate in growing culture medium, be trained the seedling that height is 1.5～3.0 centimetres；
The formula of proliferated culture medium is: MS minimal medium, inositol 80～100mg/L, glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, hydrochloric acid
Thiamine (VB1) 0.02～0.6mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～1.0mg/L, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) 0.1
～1.0 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, sucrose 20～30g/L, agar 4～5g/L；
Strengthening seedling and rooting is cultivated: it is 5.5～6.0 strengthening seedling and rootings that the seedling that the cultivation in step 4) draws is transferred to pH value
Culture medium is cultivated, is trained the test tube Seedling of a height of 3.0～5.0cm；
The formula of strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium is: 1/2MS minimal medium, activated carbon (AC) 0.5～3.0g/L, containing inositol 80～
100mg/L, glycine 1.0～2.0mg/L, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) 0.02～0.6mg/L, pyridoxine hydrochloride (VB6) 0.4～
1.0mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.005～0.5 mg/L, nicotinic acid 0.3～0.6mg/L, sucrose 20～30g/L, agar 5～6g/
L；
Test tube transplantation of seedlings: the test tube Seedling that the cultivation in step 5) is drawn transfer in shading more than 70% greenhouse seedling exercising 5～
10 days, then it is taken out from strengthening seedling and rooting culture medium, clean the culture medium of root residual, with 70% thiophanate methyl or many
800 times of liquid disinfectants of bacterium spirit wettable powder are planted after processing and are cultivated into seedling in seedling medium；
The formula of seedling medium is: peat soil, perlite, river sand are mixed to form for 8:1:1～9:0.5:0.5 by volume
Mixed-matrix.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding the most as claimed in claim 1 and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that: step 2) artificial pollination
In, when male parent is identical with the maternal florescence, start secreting mucus 1～in 2 days at maternal spadix gynoecium；In daystart 4～6
Take paternal pollen brush pen when point directly to invest on maternal stigma.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding the most as claimed in claim 1 and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that: step 2) artificial pollination
In, when male parent and maternal flowering asynchronism, take male parent material and be placed in phjytotron, temperature 16 DEG C～18 is wherein set night
DEG C, daytime growing temperatures 28 DEG C～32 DEG C, illuminance 2000lx, light irradiation time 12h/ d；Process more than two weeks, until gathering
To paternal pollen, with brush pen, pollen is directly invested on maternal stigma afterwards.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding the most as claimed in claim 1 and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that: it is characterized in that: step
Rapid 3)～5) in cultivation temperature be 22～27 DEG C.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding the most as claimed in claim 1 and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that: step 3)～5) in
Intensity of illumination is 1500～2000lx.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding the most as claimed in claim 1 and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that: step 3)～5) illumination
Shi Changwei 10～14 h/d.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding the most as claimed in claim 1 and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that: the illumination in step 6)
Intensity is 1500～2500lx.
A kind of red palm cross-breeding the most as claimed in claim 1 and method for quickly breeding, it is characterised in that: the kind of the described red palm
Can be Anthurium andraeanum( great Ye fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.bakeri(green spathe fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.crystallinum,
A.dussii (triangle leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.holtonianum(anise leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding), A.hookeri, A.kempteri,
A.longipetiolatum、A.macrolobum、A.magnificure、A.miquelianum、A.nymphillium、
A.ozfisianum, A.pedatoradiatum, A.putamayo, A.scanden, A.signature(trilobated leaf fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding),
A.subsignatum、A.undatum、A.variabile、A.veitchii、A.warocquenum。
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