CN106105810A - The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd form and distribution - Google Patents
The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd form and distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105810A CN106105810A CN201610443163.6A CN201610443163A CN106105810A CN 106105810 A CN106105810 A CN 106105810A CN 201610443163 A CN201610443163 A CN 201610443163A CN 106105810 A CN106105810 A CN 106105810A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
Abstract
The invention discloses the method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd distribution with form, it is to be planted in pvc pipe by Festuca Arundinacea, it is subsequently adding carbon nanomaterial, in each pvc pipe, river sand 30g filled by bottom, and 400g consumer garbage compost is filled on upper strata and 1% carbon nanomaterial forms mixed-matrix, static solidification 7 days, during solidification, quantitative watering maintenance every day water capacity, solidifies and plants Festuca Arundinacea after terminating, and application rate is 0.2 g/cm2；During cultivation, indoor temperature 18 ~ 25 DEG C, relative humidity 35% ~ 65%, illumination maintains compost to be the 70% of maximum water holding capacity, and to ensure moisture needed for plant growing, 70d cradles, and measures index of correlation.The method heavy metal in improving substrate that the present invention further discloses carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd form and distribution not may utilize the application of state conversion aspect to biology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to a kind of employing carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd shape
State and the method for distribution.
Background technology
House refuse refers mainly to the solid waste produced in resident's daily life, production.Whole world house refuse is from 2005
51% will be increased to 2025.China's house refuse grows beyond 15% every year, and whole nation sanitary fill adds up appropriation of land more than 500,000,000
Square metre.By 2015, the house refuse annual production of our urban is anticipated will be more than 10,000,000 tons.House refuse physics becomes
The Organic substances such as inorganic matter and plant, fiber, plastics, paper such as distribution predominantly glass, brick and tile, cinder dirt, wherein can heap corruption
Thing accounts for more than 30%.Chemical composition is mainly moisture, N, P, K, organic matter etc., and some areas garbage water content exceedes
50%。
The most conventional life refuse processing method mainly has sanitary landfills, burning and During High-Temperature Composting.Sanitary landfills becomes
For being mostly the main method of city process house refuse.But sanitary landfills occupies a large amount of land used, along with the house refuse daily output
Improving year by year, garbage-surrounded city phenomenon is further serious, and the Leachate site that the higher direct heap buried of rubbish of moisture content produces is more, its
In containing more harmful substance, and produce a large amount of greenhouse gases, easily cause secondary pollution.Burning disposal makes combustiblerefuse fire
Burning is converted into residue, reduces garbage loading embeading amount, and high-temp combustion kills pathogen therein and bacterial parasite, and the heat energy of generation can
Generate electricity for heat supply.But burning partial contamination thing by solid state transformed as gaseous state, tail gas contains the polluter of complexity, especially can
Produce dioxin extremely toxic substance, have the strongest anelasticity in the environment.Compost treatment refers to by microorganism certain artificial
Under the conditions of, the Organic substance in fermentative degradation rubbish forms the process of stable humus, is a kind of resource, stabilisation, harmless
The solidification disposal of waste mode changed.House refuse is after composting, rich in nutrients such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and harmless treatment
After can improve soil environment as fertilizer, have a preferable application prospect, simultaneously also it is noted that consumer garbage compost is also deposited
The higher equivalent risk of content of beary metal wherein.Each processing mode requires that the composition of rubbish is different, and single-mode processes cannot
Realize real innoxious.Use multiple processing method to combine for rubbish difference main constituent, become present garbage disposal
Trend of the times.
Containing the nutrient substance needed for abundant organic matter and plant growing in garbage compost.Research shows, life rubbish
Organic substance in rubbish compost, N, K, content of lignin are higher, add in soil using compost as fertilizer, it is possible to increase soil is fertile
Power, increase water retention in soil, improve soil physicochemical property, promote plant growing, improve crop yield.There are some researches show,
Farmland castoff compost and chemical fertilizer respectively and are manured into soil, and plant Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, the upgrowth situation of contrast crop, number of pest
And economic benefit etc..Result shows, although apply to number of pest in the soil of compost the twice being to apply chemical fertilizer, but,
Economic benefit is its 3 times.Zhang Chunying[21]After different proportion composting compost and original soil, add the garbage compost of 5% ~ 20%
Organic matter, rapid available phosphorus and total nitrogen content can be significantly improved, increase flowers above and below ground dry weight；Wherein, when adding 10% compost,
Underground dry weight is 3.61 times of comparison.Research shows, utilizes compost to plant Herba Cichorii after improving soil, and the fertility of soil significantly increases
Adding, Herba Cichorii is significantly increased production.Tang Shaojie is crop rotation winter wheat and summer corn on the soil apply compost, crop applying house refuse heap
After fertilizer, corn yield increasing rate substantially increases, and reaches 43.4%, and in wheat increase yield rate 2008 year, 2009 years were respectively 53.6% He
99.2%.The research such as Weber shows, uses compost and can improve the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil in sand, increases P, K, Mg and contains
Amount, and it is of value to increase agron.But, even if the compost from industrial occupancy applies on a small quantity, heavy metal also can be caused
Dramatically increasing of content.Discounting for the impact of heavy metal, add compost and can significantly improve soil quality.
China's consumer garbage compost is affected by the indefinite factor of source refuse classification, mixes electricity in house refuse
Pond, electronic equipments etc. are rich in the material of heavy metal.Li Qiwei etc. research show, house refuse after compost treatment, heavy metal
Total amount change is inconspicuous, and wherein the elemental stable state content such as Hg, Pb, Cr rises.Waiting research quietly shows, Pb, Cd, Zn are at compost
During by other forms to Fe-Mn combined state convert, but due in composting process pH reduce, the biologically effective of Pb, Cu, Zn
State is slightly increased.Use consumer garbage compost and can increase heavy metal in soil content, meanwhile add heavy metal in soil
Transfer in plant, thus bring certain ecological risk.Shao Huawei research applies each device of Semen Maydis after consumer garbage compost
The rule of official's heavy metal distribution is: root > stem > leaf > seed, result shows that the nutrient content in continuous 3 years fertilized soil improves, but
Being that content of beary metal also accumulates, wherein Cd content is 0.416 mg kg-1, Pb is 21.6 mg kg-1, temporarily will not in 3 years
Cause heavy metal pollution of soil.Similar result has been arrived in the research of Ge Chunhui, after using garbage compost, and the organic matter of soil and speed
Effect Nutrient compost content increases and increases, but, negative effect is that content of beary metal increases simultaneously therewith, Cr, Cd in seed
Amplification reach 38.6% ~ 450%, although have not exceeded national standard, but life-time service need monitoring further.As can be seen here, execute
Improve heavy metal content in soil with consumer garbage compost to a certain extent, and then increase long-term cropping in-vivo heavy metal content,
Compost is agricultural can increase soil fertility in a short time, but uses needs monitoring in time for many years.
Lawn, as the key component of construction of city afforestation, provides the place of amusement and recreation to urbanite.Can
Have the green grassland of high-quality, be one of the important criterion of urban modernization.Present urban afforestation land used mostly is old city and tears open
Moving ground or building site etc., soil property poor shortage fertility, tradition turf establishment uses entirety to lay roll of sod, consumes substantial amounts of
High-quality farmland.Lawn fertilising can effectively improve turf quality, supplements nutrient to lawn in time and can improve EDTA-Fe, adds
After adding compost, the germination percentage of lawn plant can be improved.Compost, to lawn plant is ecological and qualitative character has a significant impact, adds
After can improve the Biomass of turfgrass, promote growth；And accelerate plant to turn green, to the density of Second Year plant, quality, cover degree
Deng all there being facilitation.The research such as Ntoulas shows, adds the compost of 12.5%, it is possible to significantly carry in Indigofera pseudotinctoria turf establishment
High turf quality, promotes the growth of root leaf, and garbage compost can be obviously improved soil, improve fertilizer efficiency, increases nutrient content in soil.
Additionally, compost can be as without soil compounded turf matrix.Consumer garbage compost and beanstalk stalk made composite interstitial substance, at low beanstalk of joining
Under proportioning, seed germination, the amount of individual plant net photosynthesis on the ground and chlorophyll are improved, it is possible to use compost and beanstalk stalk composite interstitial substance
Substitute soil lawn planting.Consumer garbage compost at different-grain diameter plants Festuca Arundinacea, and result shows, small particle (300-
Consumer garbage compost 600nm) can improve the chlorophyll content of Festuca Arundinacea, and promotes the growth of root, and coerces at moisture
Arid injury can be alleviated under Poing, improve drought resistance.For microorganism and soil animal, add compost and lawn can be suppressed sick
Former bacterium, not only can reduce lawn disease, and slow down the Drug resistance on lawn.After adding compost, soil in the built-in value system of lawn
The dominant genera of earth nematicide there occurs change, the growth and breeding of suppression phytotrophy monoid, has created good ring for lawn growth
Border.
Consumer garbage compost is used for that turf establishment system can effectively improve the organic matter of soil, nutrient substance contains
Amount, and the heavy metal of lawn plant enrichment is not along food web enrichment, enters the healthy risk of harm and reduces.But, long
Phase uses the accumulation of heavy metal-polluted soil still can not little to peep, additionally, heavy metal in soil is migrated downward into by soil leaching,
Cause subsoil water heavy metal pollution.Reduce Heavy Metal Pollution in compost and will provide broader sky to the rational utilization of compost
Between.
Most of heavy metals are transitional elements.In soil environment, heavy metal can occur oxidoreduction in certain amplitude
Reaction, the heavy metal of different valence state has different activity and toxicity.Heavy metal pollution of soil has that scope is wide, the persistent period
Long, disguised strong, by features such as food chain enrichment, big, the irreversibilities of difficulty of governance.Large number of biological is analyzed and toxicological study table
Bright, the Transport And Transformation process of the biological activity of heavy metal element, toxicity and heavy metal and its existence in the environment in environment
Morphology is correlated with.Therefore rely only on total metals and be difficult to show the contamination characteristics of heavy metal.
Evaluate heavy metal pollution to soil and the extent of injury of plant, it is necessary to analyze its concrete form.Utilize chemistry even
Continuous extraction method can be extracted step by step with the heavy metal by combining forms different in soil that accuracy is higher and separate.Tessier
Deng the form of Heavy Metal In Sediments being divided into exchangeable species, carbonate combined state, iron and manganese oxides combined state, organically combines state
With residual form 5 kinds.The form of heavy metal is divided into by Europe with reference to exchange office: exchangeable species, reducible state, oxidable state and residue
State, i.e. BCR continuous extraction.
Bioavailable state includes water-soluble state and exchange state.In soil, bioavailable state heavy metal has that content is little, moves
Shifting property feature strong, that easily absorb, they are sensitive to environmental change, it is possible to be directly absorbed by plants, and are to cause heavy metal-polluted soil dirty
Dye and the main source of harm organism.Biological potential available state include carbonate combined state, iron and manganese oxides combined state and
Organic substance combined state.Under stronger acid medium and suitable environmental condition, they transform into bioavailable state.Have
Machine combined state heavy metal only may be converted into activated state under alkalescence or oxidation environment and be discharged in environment, therefore has potential
Hazardness.Residual form heavy metal is difficult to release under nature normal condition, can be steady in a long-term in deposit, is difficult to as plant
Absorb.But, when it runs into strong acid, highly basic or chelating agen, these metals are it is also possible to be activated being discharged in environment, right
Ecosystem constitutes a threat to.The content of beary metal of this form affects pole to the migration of heavy metal in soil and bioavailability
Little.
Heavy metal forms different chemical forms in soil, is easily adsorbed by soil media.But the shadow at various factors
Under sound, heavy metal can occur to migrate and conversion.Heavy metal migration in soil is a sufficiently complex process, is that physics moves
Shifting, physicochemical migration and three kinds of coefficient results of migration pattern of biogenic migration, result in heavy metal and migrate in soil
Be difficult to predictability.It addition, species of heavy metals in soil distribution is different with the difference of crop.Arable farming environment heavy metal
Form have important impact, mainly due to the existence of plant root exudation effect, the pH of crop rhizosphere, Eh, microorganism etc.
Form one and have the special habitats differing from non-rhizosphere so that heavy metal is the content of each chemical form in rhizosphere and non-rhizospheric environment
With distribution the most difference.The change of rhizosphere regulates the absorption of plant heavy metal, rhizosphere soil solubilized to a certain extent
State Cu is higher than non-rhizosphere soils, and heavy metal with heavy metal complexation, and can be migrated by root rhizosphere secreta matter to it.
The approach that artificial repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes can be summarized as 3 kinds: removes the heavy metal in soil, mainly with new soil
The methods such as displacement, plant extract；Heavy metal is polluted and is isolated；Change heavy metal existing forms, reduce its animal migration and
Bioavailability, to such an extent as to can be present in steadily in the long term in soil, it is main generation with fixation in situ and microorganism remediation
Table.Heavy-metal contaminated soil fixation in situ reparation has irreplaceable effect in contaminated soil governance process.In soil
Add different allogenic material, changed the chemical form of heavy metal by series reaction, reduce its animal migration and biological effectiveness,
Reduce heavy metallic poison and migrate accumulation.Conventional soil remediation material mainly has the nothings such as zeolite, Vermiculitum, Calx, phosphorus ore, slag
Machine thing, green manure, Organic substance and part rich in carbon content can be used for the nano material of repairing heavy metal pollution.Wu Lieshan etc. are right
Heavy metal in contaminated soil carries out Rapid deactivation process, according to the passivation ability value of stabilization efficiency and passivator to each passivator
And the passivation ability of compounded combination carries out strong and weak sequence and understands lime inactivating ability value maximum, liming can reduce in soil
The bioavailability of Cu, Zn, As, Hg, Cd, Pb.Flying dust has stronger absorption property to Zn and Pb in soil.Yin Fei passes through
4 kinds of passivator, exchangeable species and carbonate combined state after the process of slag, ground phosphate rock is applied respectively to heavy-metal composite pollution soil
Zn content significantly reduces, and slag, ground phosphate rock can dramatically increase residual form Cu content, the biological difficult calcium type absorbed after adding ground phosphate rock
Arsenic content dramatically increases；Wherein, Linesless charcoal and Paligorskite are mainly based on passivation absorption and complexation, slag and the ground phosphate rock of heavy metal
The repair mechanism of heavy metal is mainly based on chemical precipitation.Graininess slag and MgO is utilized to be mixed in proportion rear rehabilitating soil,
Slag heavy metal has good absorption property, it is possible to be effectively improved the soil of heavy metal and organic contamination.Soares etc. utilize
Pb and Zn in eggshell compost absorption soil, after interpolation, it is possible to increase soil pH value, reduces exchangeable species Pb and Zn in soil,
Can effective repairing heavy metal in soil.Utilize the combine d bioremediation soil such as the carbon rich material matter such as green manure, fertilizer compost and mineral acid, permissible
Effectively reduce As and the Cu pollution to soil.Paper mill sludge and soil interaction can form new adsorption site, contribute to Zn
Fixing in soil, improves soil quality and reduces content of beary metal in effusion.Shaheen utilizes inorganic matter: zeolite, AlO,
MnO and carbonate and organic amendment: the Cu in activated carbon, oil plant remnants compost fixing soil maize planting.Result shows,
After adding soil-repairing agent, in Corn, Cu content reduces, and organic amendment effect is better than inorganic amendment, and wherein activated carbon is
Preferable with AlO effect.
Charcoal has that porosity is high, specific surface area is big, surface active groups many can adsorb a large amount of exchangeable species sun from
Son.It is to Cd2+Adsorbance first rise with the increase of pH and decline afterwards, be a kind of good adsorbing material, and increase soil and have
Machine matter, promotes crop yield.After biological carbon and mixing with soil, in soil, the toxicity of Cd, Zn and Pb is along with the increase of charcoal content
And reduce, in filter liquor, heavy metal toxicity reduces over time.Qihong Zhu etc. utilizes biological carbon repairing heavy metal pollution
Rice soil, when applied amount is 0.5%, exchangeable species Cr in soil, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd content have dropped 18.8 respectively,
29.6,26.3,23.0,23.01 and 48.14%, in Oryza sativa L., Zn, Cd, Pb content decreases 10.96,8.89 and 8.33%.
Almaroai et al. compared for adding maize planting after charcoal, Os Bovis seu Bubali and eggshell in soil, analyzes the biology of Pb in soil
Effectiveness, research shows, after adding charcoal, in Semen Maydis branch and leaf, Pb content reduces.Liu Jingjing studies different types of charcoal
The repair response of heavy metal contaminated soil, tries soil sample with the rice soil of combined pollution for confession and uses the charcoal of different-grain diameter,
The interpolation of Caulis et Folium Oryzae charcoal significantly improves soil pH value, and acid solvent Cu, Cd and Zn convert to reduction-state and oxidable state.Apply
Charcoal can change soil enzyme activities, and wherein urase and peroxidase activity significantly improve, but activity of acid phosphatase
Reduce.
Nano-particle class renovation agent contains huge specific surface area, has extremely strong to the polluted heavy metals ion in soil
Adsorption, can reduce the migration of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils ion, conversion and biological effectiveness content of beary metal thereof.
Zhangwei Li etc. utilizes Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) and the soil of micron hydroxyapatite (mHAP) repairing heavy metal pollution
Earth, they can reduce Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr of bioavailable state in soil, and after adding nano material, in Plantula Brassicae chinensis body
Tenor decline.Nano-TiO2The nano material such as catalysis material, nano zero valence iron also plays in soil remediation environment
Important function, it is possible to effectively reduce heavy metal ion pollution toxicity.Wang Meng is by potted plant experiment research nanometer renovation agent: hydroxyl
Apatite HAP, red mud RM, Fe3O4, humic acid-Fe3O4On the impact of Cd absorption and transport in contaminated soil.Result shows, adds
Plus nano renovation agent can dramatically increase Radix Dauci Sativae biomass, reduce the content of plant Cd, and Cd concentration is with renovation agent addition
Increasing and decline, the effectiveness order reducing Cd is by renovation agent: RM > HAP ＞ humic acid-Fe3O4＞ Fe3O4。
Carbon nanomaterial is the ingredient that field of nanometer material technology is important, mainly includes CNT, fullerene, Graphene
And derivant etc..Graphene (graphene, GE) is that a kind of carbon atom by sp2 hydridization is formed with hexagonal array
Periodic cellular shape two dimension carbonaceous new material, has the physico-chemical property of uniqueness.2004, Univ Manchester UK's physics and
Geim and Novoselov of astronomy system etc. peel off graphite crystal with adhesive tape and obtain Graphene first, and thereby is achieved
Nobel Prize in physics in 2010.Common preparation method mainly has micromechanics stripping method, chemical vapour deposition technique, crystalline epitaxial
Growth method, soliquid method etc..The specific surface area that Graphene is huge makes it high-quality adsorbent, and its adsorption operations letter
Just, the advantage such as high treating effect is widely used in aqueous environment pollution amelioration, primary attachment two pollutant: Organic substance and nothing
Machine anion.
Graphene oxide (graphene oxide, GO) is typically by graphite through chemical oxidation, ultrasonic prepares, oxygen
Functionalized graphene is easy to large-scale production.At present the conventional graphite oxidation method of report mainly have Brodie method,
Standenmaier method and Hummers method.Meanwhile, to have substantial amounts of hydroxyl, carboxyl, epoxy radicals etc. oxygen-containing for graphene oxide
Group, is a kind of hydroaropic substance, can be fixedly combined formation complex by the effect of functional group and other polymer.Cause
This, graphene oxide is highly suitable for application during water processes and removes the metal in water and organic pollution.
CNT is that graphite galvanized hexagonal wire mesh plane is rolled into the single-layer tubular material of seamless tubular or is wrapped in interior, layer by layer
The multilamellar " tube-like materials " of intussusception.CNT is divided into SWCN (SWNTs) and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes
(MWNTs).The diameter of SWCN is substantially between 0.4～2.5nm, and length is up to a few micrometers；Multi-walled carbon nano-tubes by
Multiple coaxial SWNTs form, and the number of plies can be between two-layer to tens layers, and distance 0.34nm between layers, diameter is permissible
Reach about 100nm.MWNTs specific surface is lower slightly, owing to there is more defect on MWNTs tube wall, thus has higher change
Learn activity.CNT contains abundant nanoaperture structure and huge specific surface area, and architectural feature determines its physics, chemistry
Character, is mainly manifested in it and has excellent absorbability, special electrical and mechanical character, and have excellent energy of adsorption
Power.
Graphene, graphene oxide and CNT are due to the surface texture of its uniqueness, huge specific surface area so that it is tool
There is the strongest absorbability, Organic substance, inorganic matter are all shown stronger absorption property.Numerous studies show, carbon nanometer material
Material is used for adsorbing organic contamination and has good adsorption effect, utilize Graphene formaldehyde adsorption, basic stain, containing phenyl ring Organic substance etc.
Polluter.The graphene oxide that Yanhui Li etc. use wet method to prepare not only has good mechanical features, and can have
Dyestuff in effect absorption foul solution.The research such as the Hao Chen repair materials absorption sulfamethoxazole with Graphene as substrate,
All material all shows stronger absorbability, maximal absorptive capacity successively: graphene (239.0mg g-1)>
graphene–NH2 (40.6 mg·g-1) > graphene–COOH (20.5 mg·g-1)> graphene–OH(11.5
mg·g-1).Repairing performance changes with environment pH development, and when pH=2 when, its absorption property is the strongest, but as pH=9, then
Lose absorbability.Farghali etc. use Hummer method to prepare graphene oxide and reduction obtains redox graphene,
Use CoFe2O4Modifying oxidoreduction Graphene, test its adsorption to C.I. 42590, result shows, graphenic surface is long-pending to be reached
40.6m2/g.Additionally, graphene oxide also has preferable adsorption to other basic stains, 3DGO biopolymer is utilized to coagulate
Methyl blue in glue absorption effluent and crystal violet, by experimentation, be respectively 1100mg/ to the absorption maximal absorptive capacity of the two
G and 1350mg/g, and have absorption to have the strongest selectivity.
In a word, current Graphene and CNT and derived material thereof, for heavy metal adsorption technology, are limited primarily to pollute
Water body treating field, and it is applied to the aspect of consumer garbage compost turf establishment system heavy metal Pb form and distribution, also there is no
Document is reported.
Carbon nanomaterial is owing to its specific surface area is big, chemical stability strong, surface can be combined the features such as several functions group
In terms of polluter improvement, effect is notable.Numerous studies are polluter in carbon nanomaterial adsorbed water body, to soil now
The research that in earth isocolloid environment, polluter is repaired is less.Further, numerous studies analyze high concentration carbon nano material in vitro
The toxic action of cell, tissue etc., and on plant, the impact of microorganism, show that carbon nanomaterial has significant dosage effect,
But the research using the long timeliness of carbon nanomaterial low concentration is less.Consumer garbage compost is in terms of agricultural production, afforestation
There is remarkable effect, if the Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Environments that the accumulation of its content of beary metal cannot be solved and cause, garbage compost will be restricted
Be widely used.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly uses the heavy metal that carbon nanomaterial is fixed, repaired in consumer garbage compost, probes into carbon nanometer material
The material regulating and controlling effect to the form of heavy metal in consumer garbage compost Yu distribution.Carbon nanometer material is applied in turf establishment system
Material, analyzes its impact on lawn plant Adsorption of Heavy Metals, and on the impact of the different shape of Pd in consumer garbage compost.Logical
Cross this technical research, on the one hand provide effective ways for solution consumer garbage compost Pd problem, on the other hand for utilizing carbon to receive
In rice material rehabilitating soil, deposit, Pd pollutes and provides theoretical foundation.
The invention discloses following technology contents for achieving the above object:
A kind of method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd form and distribution, it is characterised in that by following step
Suddenly carry out:
(1) material is developed
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；Described little shallow lake life rubbish
Its basic physical and chemical of rubbish compost is: the content of organic matter 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content
0.67ml·g-1, pH value 7.49, full nitrogen 0.57%, full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N
Being 8.37, wherein tenor is respectively as follows: Ca 23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu
341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/kg, Pb 216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg,
Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/kg.
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；
The flit size of graphene microchip: 0.5-20 μm；Microplate thickness: 5-25 nm；Specific surface area: 40-60 m2/g；Density:
About 2.25 g/cm3；Electrical conductivity: 8000-10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
The average thickness of graphene oxide: 3.4-7 nm；Lamella diameter: 10-50 μm；The number of plies: 5-10 layer；Specific surface area:
100-300 m2/g；Purity > 90%.
The diameter of functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity:
>90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
The diameter of hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: >
90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm；
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
(2) method:
1) Festuca Arundinacea is planted in high 25 cm, the pvc pipe of diameter 5 cm, uses double gauze back cover, Setup Experiments 1 comparison at the bottom of pipe
Group (CK), matched group is without carbon nanomaterial, and experimental group is respectively carbon nanomaterial functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (C-CH)
With carbon nanomaterial hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (C-OH)；
2), in each pvc pipe, river sand 30 g filled by bottom, and 400 g consumer garbage compost and 1%(w/w are filled on upper strata) carbon nanometer material
Material forms compost and the mixed-matrix of nano material；Carbon nanomaterial and compost load in pipe after being sufficiently mixed uniformly, static solid
Changing 7 days, quantitative watering maintenance every day water capacity during solidification, solidification plants Festuca Arundinacea after terminating, and application rate is 0.2 g/
cm2；
3), during cultivating, indoor temperature 18 ~ 25 DEG C, relative humidity 35% ~ 65%, illumination is the natural light 6856 penetrating indoor
LX-27090 LX, frequent reversing of position is to ensure that illumination is consistent, and maintaining compost is the 70% of maximum water holding capacity, to ensure that plant is raw
Long required moisture, 70d cradles, and measures index of correlation.
Mixed-matrix of the present invention includes upper, middle and lower-ranking, upper strata 0-8 cm, middle level 8-16 cm, lower floor 16-25
cm。
The present invention further discloses the carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd form method with distribution in raising
In substrate, heavy metal not may utilize the application of state conversion aspect to biology.Wherein heavy metal not may utilize what state conversion referred to biology
It is: Pd not may utilize state and converts to biology.Refer to remaining state Pb and be mainly distributed on lower floor.
More detailed description of the present invention is as follows:
1 develops materials and methods
1.1 material
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby.Its basic physical and chemical
For: the content of organic matter 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content 0.67ml g-1, pH value 7.49,
Full nitrogen 0.57%, full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N is 8.37, and wherein tenor divides
It is not: Ca 23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu 341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/
Kg, Pb 216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg, Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/
kg。
Graphene microchip (Graphene) is purchased from Nanjing Ji Cang nanosecond science and technology company limited, for black, random flake
Structure, flit size: 0.5-20 μm；Microplate thickness: 5-25 nm；Specific surface area: 40-60 m2/g；Density: about 2.25 g/
cm3；Electrical conductivity: 8000-10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
Graphene oxide (Graphene oxide) is purchased from Suzhou Heng Qiu nanometer company, for black or brownish yellow powder, puts down
All thickness: 3.4-7 nm；Lamella diameter: 10-50 μm；The number of plies: 5-10 layer；Specific surface area: 100-300 m2/g；Purity > 90%.
Functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from Beijing
Rich space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Pure
Degree: > 90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm.
Hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (Hydroxylation multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from north
Space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 20-40 nm are won in capital；Length: 10-30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Pure
Degree: > 90 wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea).
1.2 Technology design
Festuca Arundinacea is planted in high 25 cm, the pvc pipe of diameter 5 cm, uses double gauze back cover at the bottom of pipe.1 matched group of Setup Experiments
(CK), matched group is without carbon nanomaterial.
Experimental group respectively adds Graphene (G)；Graphene oxide (GO).Functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (C-CH) and hydroxyl
Base multi-walled carbon nano-tube (C-OH).
In each pvc pipe, river sand 30 g filled by bottom, and 400 g consumer garbage composts and 1% carbon nanomaterial are filled in upper strata
Mixed-matrix；Each process repeats for 3 times.Carbon nanomaterial and compost load in pipe after being sufficiently mixed uniformly, static solidification 7
My god, quantitative watering maintenance every day water capacity during solidification.Solidification plants Festuca Arundinacea after terminating, and application rate is 0.2 g/cm2。
During cultivation, indoor temperature 18 ~ 25 DEG C, relative humidity 35% ~ 65%, illumination is natural light (6856 LX-penetrating indoor
27090 LX), frequent reversing of position is consistent to ensure illumination.Maintaining compost is the 70% of maximum water holding capacity, to ensure plant growing
Required moisture.70d cradles, and measures index of correlation.Substrate divide upper, middle and lower three layers (upper strata 0-8 cm, middle level 8-16 cm, under
Layer 16-25 cm), measure index of correlation after air-drying.
1.3 index determining
1.3.1 Biological indicators measure
Cradle after plant strain growth 70 d, by 20 min that complete at aerial parts 108 DEG C, dry to constant weight for 80 DEG C；Under ground portion,
With clear water, root is cleaned, suck root outside moisture with filter paper, dry to constant weight, weigh Biomass for 80 DEG C.After sowing the 5th d, open
Begin to measure plant height, measure once every 5 d.Every basin randomly selects the 5 uniform plant of strain growing way and measures plant height, take it average
Value is the plant height of each process.
1.3.2 Analysis of Heavy Metals in plant
Accurately weighing Festuca Arundinacea ground, under ground portion dry weight 0.1g sample, add nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide (5: 1) is at 120 ~ 140 DEG C
Under clear up after, gained material filter after use 1% HNO3Solution is settled to 25 mL, finally utilizes ICP-MS(ELAN9000) measure
Heavy metal Pb content in plant.
1.3.3 Speciation Analysis of Heavy Metals in substrate
Use Tessier grading extraction method, after substrate air-dries, crush, taken the air-dried soil sample crossing 18 mesh nylon mesh, and used quartering
Take out a part of, the levigate 100 mesh nylon mesh that are run through, standby after mix homogeneously.Take 0.5 g sample extractant to carry continuously
Taking, extracting solution uses ICP-MS(ELAN9000) detection level.Centrifugation time is 5 min every time, and rotating speed is 10000 r min-1。
Table 1 heavy metal different shape Tessier grading extraction method
1.4 data process
Experimental data uses SPPS 17.0 statistical software that experimental data carries out one factor analysis of variance, uses Tukey method,
?P=0.05 level carries out data difference significance test.Result uses Microsoft Excel 2007 to map.
2 development results analyses
The impact on Festuca Arundinacea morphological index of 2.1 carbon nanomaterials
Festuca Arundinacea change of height Festuca Arundinacea plant height between first 30 days each process groups is not significantly different from, and adds carbon nanomaterial subsequently
Each process group relatively compare plant height and declined, during 35d to 50d, functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes process group plant height relatively compares
Substantially reduce, though under the plant height of Graphene process, graphene oxide process and hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes process group relatively compares
Fall but difference is the most notable.Before cradling, add the process group of Graphene and add the process group Festuca Arundinacea strain of carboxylic carbon nano-tube
Height has relatively compareed and has substantially reduced；Add and be not significantly different between each process group of carbon nanomaterial.Add different carbon nanometer material
Expect on Festuca Arundinacea fresh weight on the ground, dry weight affect difference notable (p> 0.05), after wherein adding graphene oxide, Festuca Arundinacea is raw
Thing amount is maximum, and fresh weight is 8.52g.After adding carbon nanomaterial, underground biomass fresh weight relatively compares and has declined, wherein hydroxylating
Multi-walled carbon nano-tubes process group underground fresh weight relatively matched group be decreased significantly (p< 0.05), decrease 21.30%, other process groups
Compare with comparison and be not significantly different from.Underground dry weight is not significantly different between respectively processing, but the most relatively compares and reduced.
The impact on compost Pb different shape of 2.2 carbon nanomaterials
In compost mainly there is (as shown in table 2) with Fe-Mn oxide and combination state in heavy metal Pb.In overlayer matrix, add
After carbon nanomaterial, in substrate, the exchangeable species state distribution relatively comparison of Pb substantially reduces；The distribution of carbonate combined state and comparison
It is not significantly different from；Fe-Mn oxide distribution relatively compares and is all reduced, wherein graphene oxide and hydroxylating CNT difference
It is notable that remaining is the most notable；Organically combine state distribution relatively comparison to dramatically increase；Between each process, remaining state difference is the most notable.Add hydroxyl
The process group of base carbon nano tube and graphene oxide more effectively promotes that Pb is converted into combination state.Stone is added in substrate middle level
After ink alkene, the Pb content of Fe-Mn oxide relatively significantly improves rare, adds 45.10%.The process adding CNT is remaining
State Pb has relatively compareed and has dramatically increased, and has been respectively increased 14.97% and 21.40%.Underlying substrate then shows as, and adds carbon nanomaterial
After, organically combine state and remaining state Pb relatively compares and increased, wherein, after adding Graphene, RSE state Pb relatively compares and adds
21.85%；After adding hydroxylating CNT, combination state Pb relatively compares and adds 14.85%.Different shape Pb is not in contrast
Distribution with layer substrate, it can be seen that carbonate combined state Pb is mainly distributed on upper strata, remaining state Pb is mainly distributed on lower floor.
Table 2 adds the impact (%) that different shape Pd is distributed by carbon nanomaterial
3 develop conclusion
Middle level and lower floor Pb are mainly Fe-Mn oxide and remaining state.It can thus be seen that add carbon nanomaterial to contribute to base
In matter, Pb not may utilize state conversion to biology.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described below by specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, technological means used in the present invention
It is method known in those skilled in the art.It addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, and the unrestricted present invention
Scope, the spirit and scope of the invention are limited only by the claims that follow.To those skilled in the art, without departing substantially from this
On the premise of invention spirit and scope, the various changes carrying out the material component in these embodiments and consumption or change are also
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) material is developed
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；Little shallow lake consumer garbage compost
Its basic physical and chemical is: the content of organic matter 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content
0.67ml·g-1, pH value 7.49, full nitrogen 0.57%, full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N
Being 8.37, wherein tenor is respectively as follows: Ca 23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu
341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/kg, Pb 216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg,
Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/kg.
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
Graphene microchip (Graphene) is purchased from Nanjing Ji Cang nanosecond science and technology company limited, for black, and random flaky texture,
Flit size: 10 μm；Microplate thickness: 5nm；Specific surface area: 40 m2/g；Density: about 2.25 g/cm3；Electrical conductivity: 8000S/m；
Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
Graphene oxide (Graphene oxide) is purchased from Suzhou Heng Qiu nanometer company, for black or brownish yellow powder, puts down
All thickness: 3.4nm；Lamella diameter: 10 μm；The number of plies: 5 layers；Specific surface area: 100 m2/g；Purity > 90%.
Functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from Beijing
Rich space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 20 nm；Length: 10 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
Hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (Hydroxylation multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from north
Space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 20 nm are won in capital；Length: 10 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea).(2) method:
1) Festuca Arundinacea is planted in high 25 cm, the pvc pipe of diameter 5 cm, uses double gauze back cover, Setup Experiments 1 comparison at the bottom of pipe
Group (CK), matched group is without carbon nanomaterial, and experimental group is respectively carbon nanomaterial functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (C-CH)
With carbon nanomaterial hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (C-OH)；
2), in each pvc pipe, river sand 30 g filled by bottom, and 400 g consumer garbage compost and 1%(w/w are filled on upper strata) carbon nanometer material
Material forms compost and the mixed-matrix of nano material；Carbon nanomaterial and compost load in pipe after being sufficiently mixed uniformly, static solid
Changing 7 days, quantitative watering maintenance every day water capacity during solidification, solidification plants Festuca Arundinacea after terminating, and application rate is 0.2 g/
cm2；
3), during cultivating, indoor temperature 18 DEG C, relative humidity 35%, illumination is natural light 6856 LX-27090 penetrating indoor
LX, frequent reversing of position is consistent to ensure illumination, and maintaining compost is the 70% of maximum water holding capacity, to ensure water needed for plant growing
Point, 70d cradles, and measures index of correlation.Substrate divides upper, middle and lower three layers (upper strata 0-8 cm, middle level 8-16 cm, lower floor 16-25
Cm), index of correlation is measured after air-drying.
Embodiment 2
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby.Its basic physical and chemical
For: the content of organic matter 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content 0.67ml g-1, pH value 7.49,
Full nitrogen 0.57%, full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N is 8.37, and wherein tenor divides
It is not: Ca 23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu 341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/
Kg, Pb 216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg, Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/
kg。
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
Graphene microchip (Graphene) is purchased from Nanjing Ji Cang nanosecond science and technology company limited, for black, and random flaky texture,
Flit size: 20 μm；Microplate thickness: 25 nm；Specific surface area: 40m2/g；Density: about 2.25 g/cm3；Electrical conductivity:
10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%.
Graphene oxide (Graphene oxide) is purchased from Suzhou Heng Qiu nanometer company, for black or brownish yellow powder, puts down
All thickness: 7 nm；Lamella diameter: 50 μm；The number of plies: 10 layers；Specific surface area: 300 m2/g；Purity > 90%.
Functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from Beijing
Rich space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 40 nm；Length: 30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
Hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (Hydroxylation multi-walled carbon nanotubes) is purchased from north
Space high-tech new material technology company limited, diameter: 40 nm are won in capital；Length: 30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm。
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea).1.2 Technology design
Festuca Arundinacea is planted in high 25 cm, the pvc pipe of diameter 5 cm, uses double gauze back cover at the bottom of pipe.1 matched group of Setup Experiments
(CK), matched group is without carbon nanomaterial.Experimental group is respectively functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes (C-CH) and the many walls of hydroxylating
CNT (C-OH).
In each pvc pipe, river sand 30 g filled by bottom, and 400 g consumer garbage composts and 1% carbon nanomaterial are filled in upper strata
Mixed-matrix；Each process repeats for 3 times.Carbon nanomaterial and compost load in pipe after being sufficiently mixed uniformly, static solidification 7
My god, quantitative watering maintenance every day water capacity during solidification.Solidification plants Festuca Arundinacea after terminating, and application rate is 0.2 g/cm2。
During cultivation, indoor temperature 25 DEG C, relative humidity 65%, illumination is the natural light (6856 LX-27090 LX) penetrating indoor,
Often reversing of position is consistent to ensure illumination.Maintaining compost is the 70% of maximum water holding capacity, to ensure moisture needed for plant growing.
70d cradles, and measures index of correlation.Substrate divides upper, middle and lower three layers (upper strata 0-8 cm, middle level 8-16 cm, lower floor 16-25
Cm), index of correlation is measured after air-drying.
Claims (6)
1. the method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd distribution and form, it is characterised in that by following
Step is carried out:
(1) material is developed
Take from Tianjin little Dian consumer garbage compost treatment plant for examination garbage compost, cross 2mm sieve standby；
The grass seeds northern common grass Festuca Arundinacea of selection (Festuca arundinacea)；
The flit size of graphene microchip: 0.5-20 μm；Microplate thickness: 5-25 nm；Specific surface area: 40-60 m2/g；Density:
About 2.25 g/cm3；Electrical conductivity: 8000-10000 S/m；Phosphorus content: > 99.5%；
The average thickness of graphene oxide: 3.4-7 nm；Lamella diameter: 10-50 μm；The number of plies: 5-10 layer；Specific surface area: 100-
300 m2/g；Purity > 90%；
The diameter of functionalized multi-wall carbonnanotubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-COOH content: 1.43%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102s/cm；
The diameter of hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes: 20-40 nm；Length: 10-30 μm；-OH content: 1.63%；Purity: > 90
wt%；Ashes: < 8 wt%；Specific surface area: > 110 m2/g；Conductivity: > 102 s/cm；
(2) method:
1) Festuca Arundinacea is planted in high 25 cm, the pvc pipe of diameter 5 cm, uses double gauze back cover, Setup Experiments 1 comparison at the bottom of pipe
Group (CK), matched group is without carbon nanomaterial, and experimental group respectively adds Graphene (G)；Graphene oxide (GO), carboxylated
Multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (C-CH) and hydroxylating multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (C-OH)；
2), in each pvc pipe, river sand 30 g filled by bottom, and 400 g consumer garbage compost and 1%(w/w are filled on upper strata) carbon nanometer material
Material forms compost and the mixed-matrix of nano material；Carbon nanomaterial and compost load in pipe after being sufficiently mixed uniformly, static solid
Changing 7 days, quantitative watering maintenance every day water capacity during solidification, solidification plants Festuca Arundinacea after terminating, and application rate is 0.2 g/
cm2；
3), during cultivating, indoor temperature 18 ~ 25 DEG C, relative humidity 35% ~ 65%, illumination is the natural light 6856 penetrating indoor
LX-27090 LX, frequent reversing of position is to ensure that illumination is consistent, and maintaining compost is the 70% of maximum water holding capacity, to ensure that plant is raw
Long required moisture, 70d cradles, and measures index of correlation.
2. the method described in claim 1, wherein said mixed-matrix includes upper, middle and lower-ranking, upper strata 0-8 cm, middle level
8-16 cm, lower floor 16-25 cm.
3. the method described in claim 1, wherein said little shallow lake its basic physical and chemical of consumer garbage compost is: organic matter contains
Amount 22.00%, unit weight 0.79g/cm3, porosity 67.98%, saturation moisture content 0.67ml g-1, pH value 7.49, full nitrogen 0.57%,
Full phosphorus 0.34%, full potassium 1. 21%, available phosphorus 0.078 g kg-1, C/N is 8.37, and wherein tenor is respectively as follows: Ca
23.23 mg/kg, Fe 30.49 g/kg, Mg 5. 78 g/kg, Cu 341.34 mg/kg, Zn 677.33 mg/kg, Pb
216.98 mg/kg, Cd 5.02 mg/kg, Mn 437.88 mg/kg, Cr 702.6 mg/kg, Ni 41.82 mg/kg.
4. described in claim 1, use carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Pd form improving substrate with the method for distribution
Middle heavy metal not may utilize the application of state conversion aspect to biology.
5. the application described in claim 4, wherein heavy metal not may utilize to biology state convert refer to: Pd to biology can not profit
Convert by state.
6. the application described in claim 4, wherein said Pd not may utilize state conversion and refers to biology: remaining state Pb is main
It is distributed in lower floor.
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