CN1061015A - General brick fired by burning urban fresh daily refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is divided into organism, inorganics and Recyclable roughly with rubbish, and inorganics is made spike in the adobe, and organism drops into the other incinerator of brickkiln and burns, burning hot flue gas enters brickkiln and burns, heat is used to bake bricks, and flue gas enters atmosphere again after adobe purifies, and pollutes little than general burning.Present device is simple, invests for a short time, takes up an area of fewly, is not subjected to the restriction of component of refuse and collection method, refuse treatment rate height.Can do the brick field of a plurality of different scales on the outskirts of a town, utilize mound on the spot or borrow high soil also low field, rural households exclusively engaging in a particular productionor trade all can be managed, start easily and penetration and promotion, and lucrative.

Description

General brick fired by burning urban fresh daily refuse

Application of city life garbage is one of ten big ecological difficult problems of facing of China.About 100,000,000 tons of application of city life garbage is produced in the whole nation per year, wherein only has an appointment 5% to have carried out harmless treatment, and all be that exposed nature is stacked, is directly used in the farmland or directly fills out the hole basically, occupy farmland, atmosphere pollution, contaminated soil and underground water, caused serious consequence.

Industrially developed country mainly develops garbage incineration process, and reclaims heat energy.But an investment is big, and day processing 100,000 people's rubbish need be invested 1,000,000 dollars, the 2nd, and the city that is less than 100,000 people is difficult to keep production, and the 3rd, organic content height in the requirement rubbish, the 4th, cause secondary pollution." European Economic Community proposes new regulation to waste incineration " literary composition according to Chinese " Science and Technology Daily " on March 5th, 1988 claims: " community is considered as main air pollution source to garbage burning factory " " this council requires all incineration plant must use auxiliary burner before 30 days June in 1999; temperature with the assurance combustion gases reaches 850 ℃ at least, and keeps for 2 seconds ".

Matured waste brickmaking is one of method of working out of China in recent years.In " National urban environmental health theory of science collected works " that the China Environmental Science Press published in 1988, " domestic waste after utilize handling is produced the research of " fired common brick " in batches " literary composition carries: " this technology is the rubbish ash of separating in the domestic refuse of (comprise high-temperature aerobic fermentation handle) after treatment with the city; as the internal combustion spike and the leaning agent of brickmaking; and in certain cooperation ratio admixture clay; through stirring; extrusion molding; drying (comprising two kinds of technologies of seasoning and artificial seasoning), technological process such as loading of kiln and roasting, thereby produce in batches ".

Current both at home and abroad can only be with matured waste or pure inorganic refuse brickmaking, and this is the common process of the firing bricks with industrial wastes popularized already, can both carry out at common brick field, many successful precedents are early arranged, yet, organic waste is piled up in the process of rotting, in a large number occupation of land and still unresolved to the pollution problem of environment.

New refuse contains a large amount of moisture content and many organic substances, the brickmaking difficult forming, even become type, the cavity that organism stays after burning during roasting will make brick riddled with gaping wounds, not even forming blocks; Secondly, the temperature that organic substance is separated out fugitive constituent is low, speed is fast, and this occurs in the preheating zone of brickkiln, does not reach temperature of combustion therebetween, causes with flue gas and enters atmosphere in the lump.Close with the low temperature air-polluting situation of burning away the refuse.These 2 are referred to as " obstacle that new refuse brickmaking is difficult to go beyond ", all manque both at home and abroad so far precedent.

Purpose of the present invention, exactly in order to solve above-mentioned all difficult problems, a kind of scale changeable (minimum can by the rural households exclusively engaging in a particular productionor trade operation) be provided, be not subjected to the component of refuse restriction, investment is little, take up an area of less, popularize easily, refuse treatment rate height, utilization of waste material, need not transport for long-distance, essentially no secondary pollution, be particularly suitable for the economics of underdevelopment technology status, the urban fresh domestic refuse fires common brick technology.

Technological process of the present invention is as follows:

One, the rubbish of mixed collection is divided into organism (can contain difficult go-no-go thing) roughly, inorganics (can contain the particulate organism) and Recyclable, two, inorganic refuse and clay (or mud, coal gangue, shale, trip mud etc.) mix, three, base (half-dried molded or plastic forming), four, nature or artificial seasoning, five, roasting, this technology is characterised in that, inorganic refuse in the new refuse mixes the clay manufacturing bricks by mixing, organic waste is burned by the other incinerator of putting of brickkiln, burn the hot flue gas and the imperfect combustion gas that produce and feed brickkiln fully burning once more, its heat is used as auxiliary baking bricks, and flue gas then enters atmosphere after the fragment of brick purification through high temperature and the folded sign indicating number of multilayer.

The burning process of organic waste in the technology of the present invention is the scavenging process of drying garbage, burning, secondary combustion and smoke prevention and dust control and gas phase nuisance, is again the heat with waste incineration, is used in the technological process of baking bricks.

The scavenging process of flue gas is to utilize the CaO(such as the content that generally contain in the pug not enough, can add Wingdale, lime, carbide slag etc., and the material of alkaline earth metal oxide can be provided) at high temperature the gas phase nuisance is fixed in the brick.Its chemical equation mainly contains:

Now introduce its technological process respectively by half-dried molded and plasticity extrusion moulding:

A. half-dried molded technology: rubbish is carried out go-no-go when the rotary conveyor, the one, hand picks scrap iron (also electro-magnet can be installed) and other waste product, the 2nd, pick up or rotary harrow picks organism by hand, all the other ashes, dirt, brick and tile and difficult organism and the clayey raw materials of picking up such as clay or mud roll through wheel roller, sieve then, be pressed into adobe through brick pressing machine again, the recyclable or landfill of residual metallic of sifting out and stone.When the kiln roasting was gone in dried adobe, the organism that picks from rubbish was put dry and burning in the incinerator on the brickkiln side.After hot flue gas that produces in the stove and inflammable gas fed the interior clinkering zone secondary combustion of brickkiln, flue gas passed the adobe of the wrong row of multilayer password and discharges from the kiln chimney of putting suitable for reading or other.Ashes then can mix in the clay brickmaking base or be used for the farmland.This technology is less demanding to the purity and the plasticity index of brickmaking pug, and inorganics does not need drying when pulverizing yet, and is suitable for the employing of newly founding the factory most.

B. plasticity extruding-out process.With new refuse go-no-go when belt is carried sieve apparatus (at the bottom of rotary conveyor can make screen cloth, in course of conveying, sift out inorganics), the one, but hand is picked up waste product (or block brick and tile and slag) and electro-magnet can also be installed be absorbed scrap iron, the 2nd, hand picks organism, block brick and tile and slag are sneaked into clayey raw materials such as clay or mud with the inorganics powder that sifts out after crushed, are extruded into adobe through brick extruding machine.When the kiln roasting was gone in dried adobe, the organism that picks from rubbish and other difficulty were picked up thing and are put in the incinerator on the side of brickkiln and burn.Both drying and incinerating rubbish, utilize to burn heat again and assist and bake bricks, after hot flue gas that produces in the incinerator and inflammable gas fed clinkering zone secondary combustion in the kiln, flue gas was put the chimney discharge from kiln is suitable for reading or other after through the adobe of the wrong row of multilayer password.This technology requires not tight to go-no-go, even all do not pick up, also can produce, so in the many places of people, can also not want any machinery, uses manual operation entirely.

The waste incineration brickkiln that technology of the present invention is used combines with brickkiln and the structure explanation of the little shaft kiln of rubbish that builds up with incinerator, as shown in drawings (other kiln type can be done the adaptability change according to this principle and build).Plate-turning door 10 is opened, and the passage 2 that rubbish 11 is gone into incinerator is deposited on the plate 3, and the dry water vapor that produces is discharged from aiutage 1.After the drying, open plate 3, the sliding part of rubbish is burned in combustion chamber 5, and 9 clinkering zones that enter brickkiln 12 burn through the porthole to burn cigarette and inflammable gas.After flue gas after baking bricks passes the adobe of the wrong row of multilayer password, merge suitable for reading or chimney 14 discharges from kiln with the internal burned brick combustion product gases of mixing inorganic refuse in the brickkiln.If when the heat of burning rubbish is excessive, the plate 13 of chimney 14 can be drawn back, drains unnecessary heat.The burning situation of rubbish can be observed from fire door 4, and ladder fire grate 6 bears slag with plain grate 7 and by the waste incineration required air, the big gap between fire grate 6 and the fire grate 7 can be ticked big caking easily or not divide the incombustible substance that picks.Ashes 8(comprises that difficulty picks up thing) can after screening, mix and make adobe in the pug or as farmland fertilizer.

This technology and inorganic refuse blended clay can be the materials that the various earth that can be used to bake bricks, shale, coal gangue, trip mud, mud etc. can be made fat clay.

The adobe void content height of added garbage, rate of roasting is fast.Roasting in little shaft kiln should strengthen the density that stacks bricks.

Because component of refuse is changeable, the heat content in the adobe also is difficult to stablize, and needs to strengthen seeing the fire operation, and can add postcombustion from fire door 4, perhaps emit excessive heat, produce underburnt or burn-off phenomenon, generally thermometer should be installed avoiding, monitor inner operating from chimney.

This urban fresh domestic refuse is fired common brick technology following major advantage:

1, do not need complicated sorting equipment, invest for a short time, take up an area of fewly, refuse treatment rate height, organic waste do not enter adobe basically, even can go into the stove burning without the composting of go-no-go yet.Can also all use the brickmaking base to the ashes after burning.

2, be not subjected to the restriction of component of refuse and collection method.

3, both burned rubbish, and utilized the burning heat again in baking bricks.After burning hot flue gas and entering brickkiln and burn, the adobe that must pass the wrong row of multilayer password, retaining down flue dust and absorb the gas phase nuisance after discharge, in fact brickkiln has become the assisted combustion device and the smoke eliminator of incinerator, can avoid secondary pollution.Through about 1000 ℃ high temperature of adobe roasting, all combustiblematerialss are all burnt, and its temperature and time has all substantially exceeded the new regulation requirement of the European Economic Community, are the control techniquess of smoke prevention and dust control and vapor phase contaminants the most completely.

4, implement easily, scale is changeable, invests little instant effect.Rural households exclusively engaging in a particular productionor trade also can be managed, and lucrative.

Be that example is described further now with urban population 0.5 ten thousand refuse treatments that the people is produced.0.5 ten thousand people produce about 5 tons of quantity of refuse daily, can build one has an other little shaft kiln putting incinerator.With new refuse through artificial screening and go-no-go, tell organism as burn, hand picks scrap iron and other waste product, all the other ashes, dirt, brick and tile and difficulty are picked up organism and clayey raw materials such as clay or mud, roll and sieve with wheel roller.Residual metallic of sifting out and stone reclaim or landfill.How many rubbish incorporations of brickmaking depends on the clay plasticity index.Be pressed into adobe with brick pressing machine, again the kiln roasting is gone in dried adobe, the organic waste that picks being dropped into the side of brickkiln puts in the incinerator, rubbish is at incinerator leading portion preheating and drying, burn when arriving the combustion chamber, the hot flue gas and the inflammable gas that produce, the clinkering zone fully burning once more that enters brickkiln through the porthole.Because of stopping of multilayer adobe, these gases can not be discharged from chimney very soon, under the high temperature about 1000 ℃, all germs are all eliminated, the abundant oxidation of organic substance, and dust is fully sedimentation also, gas fume after burning has reached the purpose of abundant purification when the suitable for reading and chimney of kiln is discharged, when only going out a kiln in average 1-2 hour, just have 5 minutes visible flue dust to discharge approximately, all the other time oke exhaust blackness are 0 grade of Lin Geman.This kiln is produced about 1,000,000 fired common bricks per year, and about 30,000 yuan of facility investment (not containing living facilities and power supply expense) can be arranged labor force 25 people, ten thousand yuan of year wound output value 8-9, about ten thousand yuan of annual return 1-2.

If build three little shaft kilns, 60,000 yuan of facility investments can day treating refuse 15 tons, ten thousand yuan of year wound output value 25-27,40,000 yuan of annual returns.As long as native source is abundant, also can build large-scale rubbish brick field.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of urban fresh domestic refuse is fired common brick technology, and technological process has: one, composting go-no-go, two, pug mixes, three, green brick forming, four, drying, five, roasting.This technology is characterised in that the inorganic refuse in the new refuse mixes the pug that clay is mixed into the brickmaking base; Organism drops into the side of brick-baking kiln and puts the incinerator burning.Hot flue gas that burning produces and imperfect combustion gas feed brickkiln fully burning once more, and flue gas passes and enters atmosphere again after the wrong adobe of arranging password of multilayer purifies.

2, fire common brick technology as the said urban fresh domestic refuse of claim 1, it is characterized in that the go-no-go of rubbish only need be divided into organism (containing difficult go-no-go thing), inorganics (containing the particulate organism) and Recyclable roughly;

3, fire common brick technology as the said urban fresh domestic refuse of claim 1, it is characterized in that, with inorganic refuse blended clay can be that the various earth that can be used to bake bricks, shale, coal gangue, trip mud, mud etc. can be made plastic clay material;

4, firing common brick technology as claim 1 or 3 said urban fresh domestic refuses, it is characterized in that, can be half-dried molded, also can be plastic forming;