CN106099879B - A kind of flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection system and differential protection implementation method - Google Patents
A kind of flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection system and differential protection implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106099879B CN106099879B CN201610645886.4A CN201610645886A CN106099879B CN 106099879 B CN106099879 B CN 106099879B CN 201610645886 A CN201610645886 A CN 201610645886A CN 106099879 B CN106099879 B CN 106099879B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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Abstract
A kind of the Line Current Differential Protection system and differential protection implementation method of flexible direct current distribution network; sampling pulse is sent from the protective device based on FPGA to data collector; to realize that synchronized sampling is synchronous with data window; line double-end protective device is respectively set to reference edge and follows end; it includes sample number and the synchronous request command of the sampling corresponding time to follow end to send first, and it includes the information such as sample number and the sampling corresponding time of reference edge that reference edge returns after receiving the order for following end to send.After following end to receive the corresponding data message of reference edge, communications delay and both sides sampling instant deviation are calculated, by compensating communications delay and quadratic interpolation sampling synchronization method, realizes the synchronized sampling for following end and reference edge.By calculating the difference current of DC line both-end, judges whether to meet differential current protection criterion, realize the differential protection of DC line, reliable to ensure that troubles inside the sample space correctly acts, external area error is correctly failure to actuate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to relay protection of power system and safety control technology field, more particularly to flexible direct current distribution network
Line Current Differential Protection method realization, especially communicated by both sides data high-speed and synchronization process in flexible direct current circuit
The application in current differential protection is carried out afterwards.
Background technology
In recent years, flexible DC transmission technology has obtained very quickly development.Flexible DC power transmission can be realized mostly electric
Source power supply, more drop points are by electricity, without considering the frequency between each power supply and Phase synchronization problem；And exchange can be effectively isolated
All kinds of voltage disturbances in system, improve the power quality of user side；Itself is a outstanding for voltage source converter simultaneously
The compensation equipment of idle, transient voltage dip and harmonic wave；It can easily realize that trend is overturn, can be waited to the anti-power transmission of power grid.
At the same time, with the development of the city with the quick increase of power load, the requirement to distribution network transmission capacity
Also increasingly increase, need the capacity for conveying bigger on limited power distribution network corridor.It is used in the intensive urban distribution network of electricity consumption
Flexible direct current technology, can occupy less transmission of electricity corridor, and the features such as can utilize its quick controllability, solve city and supply
The problems such as power supply present in electricity is difficult, of high cost and trend is difficult to control maintains the safe and reliable economic fortune of urban distribution network
Row.
Load condition in Modern power distribution net is also changing, consumer electronics (such as computer, mobile phone, tablet electricity
Brain), LED, the proportions such as data center and electric vehicle it is more and more, more and more loads need to use direct current supply side
Formula.
In addition, from conventional electrical distribution net main component be this feature of power load it is different, with renewable energy technologies with
The development of energy storage technology will include more and more distributed generation resources and energy storage in Modern power distribution net, also need using straight
Galvanic electricity net mode connects.
Therefore the application study of flexible direct current power distribution network is particularly important.The protection of wherein DC distribution net is direct current
The critical issue of power distribution network safe operation.DC network includes mainly DC line and DC convergent current bus bar, in addition to DC bipolar
Except short trouble, electrical characteristic and the system earth mode and topology of DC network failure have substantial connection, work as straight-flow system
In (connection inversion of direct current side arrive DC network) using through high resistance ground when, DC network generation single-point grounding (most common failure)
When, the electrical quantity of straight-flow system is not in violent variation, or even variation is quite small.And when using metallic earthing mode
Occur earth fault or straight-flow system it is earth-free and when certain two points ground fault failures occur, the variation of electrical quantity may be quite
Acutely.
In flexible direct current power distribution network, by reasonable disposition dc circuit breaker, the energy of its quick disengagement failure electric current is utilized
Power, DC protection system can quickly isolate faulty equipment after distinguishing failure, coordinate the control strategy of control system, primary
Within the scope of the tolerance of equipment, ensure the availability of power distribution network.
At present in hvdc transmission line protection, master to be applied is overcurrent protection and traveling-wave protection, this is for AC line
The operating condition that road not yet constitutes DC network disclosure satisfy that requirement substantially.And it is dynamic in order to ensure to protect when forming DC network
When the selectivity of work, differential protection provides a new selection.
Current differential protection requires to participate in each end electric current that difference current calculates be that synchronization samples.Circuit is poor
The both sides electric current that dynamic protection participates in calculating is acquired by the current transformer at circuit both ends, due to the double sampling of double-ended current
It is not completed in a device, it is therefore desirable to which sampled value is synchronized into processing.
For relatively conventional direct current uses thyristor device, flexible direct current uses the electronic power switch of higher frequency, because
This needs the sampling rate of higher frequency, at present generally use 50kHz.Therefore, the Line Differential of flexible direct current power distribution network is protected
For shield, data communication synchronous with data is all problem in the urgent need to address.
Invention content
During demand and line differential protection for flexible direct current power distribution network to line differential protection function are realized
High-speed data communication is synchronous with data to realize faced problem, and this application provides a kind of AC lines for DC distribution net
Road current differential protection system and differential protection implementation method, the application have circuit both sides high-speed sampling synchronizing function, quickly,
Accurately realize the protection of flexible direct current distribution network circuit.
To achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection system, including data acquisition device and protective device, it is special
Sign is：
The data acquisition device and protective device are two sets and structure is identical, are arranged respectively at the two of DC line
Side；
FT3 fiber optic data communication modes, the acquisition of two side data of DC line are used between the protective device of DC line both sides
Device realizes the synchronous acquisition of circuit both ends current signal；
The protective device at DC line both ends judges whether to meet differential current protection according to the current data of synchronous acquisition
Protection exit order is passed to the dc circuit breaker of local terminal by criterion if meeting criterion, realizes the differential of DC line
Protection.
(i.e. flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection system) of the invention still further comprises following preferred embodiment：
The data acquisition device includes DC sensor module, data acquisition modules, and DC sensor assemblies are by the straight of sensing
Flow Line local terminal DC current is uploaded to the protective device of local terminal through data acquisition module；Data acquisition module is by DC sensors
The DC current of acquisition converts FPGA (field programmable gate array) receivable optical signal.
The protective device includes that delay and deviation computing module, synchronous interpolating module, differential protection module and communication connect
Receive module：
Delay and deviation computing module receive Local Data harvester upload local terminal DC current sampled data and
It is delayed to both ends by the opposite end direct current sampled data of fiber-optic communications traffic, and according to the communications between the protective device of both ends
Sampled data passes to synchronous interpolating module after carrying out compensation of delay；
The synchronous interpolating module then according to the sampling instant deviation of both ends data acquisition device, to sample rate current data into
Row sample interpolation, and after successive ignition reaches scheduled both ends sampling instant tolerance range, by the both ends after interpolation
DC current sampled data is uploaded to the differential protection module of local terminal；
The both ends direct current sampled data that the differential protection module is then uploaded according to synchronous interpolating module, judges whether to meet
Differential current protection criterion, the dc circuit breaker of tripping local terminal if meeting criterion, realizes the differential protection of DC line.
The communication receipt module is then receiving circuit local terminal and opposite end is transmitted optical signal is simultaneously converted into protection meter
Secondary current signal, to realize the correlation computations of DC line differential protection.
The protective device is realized using on-site programmable gate array FPGA.
The application further simultaneously discloses a kind of flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection implementation method, and feature exists
In the implementation method includes the following steps：
Step 1：DC line both sides are equipped with data acquisition device and protective device, provisioned in DC line both sides
Data acquisition device and protective device structure are identical, and data acquisition device is for acquiring this side data of DC line and being uploaded to
Protective device transmits two side datas between the protective device of DC line both sides using FT3 fiber optic data communication modes；Step 2：It realizes
The synchronous acquisition of two side data of DC line；
Step 3：DC line both ends protective device carries out differential protection according to the synchronous acquisition at DC line both ends
Logic discrimination the outlet order of protection is then passed to by local terminal by optical fiber when meeting differential current protection criterion
Dc circuit breaker, realize the differential protection of DC line.
(i.e. a kind of flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection implementation method) of the invention preferably includes following scheme：
Following steps are specifically included in step 2：
Step 2.1, if soft straight power distribution network is double ended system, the side in the protective device of DC line both sides is arranged in advance
At reference edge, the other side is set as following end；If including a plurality of DC line in soft straight power distribution network DC bus, it is straight that this can be set
It is reference edge to flow busbar end, waits for that the other end of the DC line of differential protection is to follow end；If DC line is in two direct currents mother
It between line, then presets and side DC bus is arranged to reference edge, other side DC bus is set as following end；
Step 2.2, end protective device is followed to send out a frame synchronization request command to reference edge protective device first, including
At the time of following number and the corresponding end data sampling of end sampled data；Reference edge protective device receive follow end protect
A frame data, wherein the sampled data number of packet reference edge and end data sampling are returned after the synchronous request command that device is sent
At the time of corresponding；
Step 2.3, follow end protective device from sending out the synchronous request command moment until receiving returned data, it is used
Time subtract the intrinsic processing time T of reference edgep, as twice of DC line both ends communications delay i.e. 2Td；It follows
After end protective device receives the data message of reference edge protective device return, compare the lower reference edge of same sampled data number and with
Whether consistent with the sampling instant at end, the time deviation is DC line both sides sampling instant deviation delta T if inconsistents；
Step 2.4, end protective device is followed to subtract communications delay T by current sample time firstdMethod mend
Repay the transmission delay of communication；Then it is directed to both ends sampling instant deviation delta Ts, by the method for quadratic interpolation to sampled data into
Row interpolation, interpolation take the median for following end and reference edge sampling instant, when deviation reaches in advance really after successive ignition
When in fixed allowable range, that is, think to have realized the sample-synchronous for following end and reference edge.
In step 1, sampled data is passed through the FT3 link numbers of plies defined in IEC60044-8 standards by data acquisition device
It is uploaded to this side protective device according to transformat, and offside protective device is transferred to by this side protective device, data transmission is led to
It is 10Mbit/s with the standard transmission speed of frame, the communication format between harvester and protective device is FT3 formats, hits
20 μ s are divided into according to, the data communication message between two end protection device is divided into 20 μ s between sending.
The application has technique effect beneficial below：
DC line differential protective system disclosed in the present application and differential protection implementation method have higher sampling frequency
Rate, DC line both ends data time synchronism are high, can accurately capture transient state component when line fault, can ensure AC line
The fast and reliable action of road troubles inside the sample space, external area error are reliably failure to actuate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the DC line differential protective system structural schematic diagram of the application；
Fig. 2 is this DC line differential protective system data sampling synchronization principles schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is sampling clock difference schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the sampled data quadratic interpolation Synchronos method schematic diagram of the application；
Fig. 5 is that technical scheme applies Mr. Yu's 10kV flexible direct current distribution topological diagrams；
The fault current waveform at circuit both ends when Fig. 6 is line fault in flexible direct current distribution；
Difference current waveform when Fig. 7 is line fault in the distribution of this flexible direct current.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below according to Figure of description.It is of the invention shown in Fig. 1
DC line differential system structural schematic diagram, DC line differential system include data acquisition device and protective device.Data are adopted
Acquisition means and protective device are two sets and structure is identical, are arranged respectively at the both sides of DC line；DC line both sides
Using optical fiber into row data communication between protective device, DC line both sides data acquisition device realizes circuit both ends current signal
Synchronous acquisition.The protective device at DC line both ends judges whether to meet difference current guarantor according to the current data of synchronous acquisition
Criterion is protected, protection exit order is passed to the dc circuit breaker of local terminal if meeting criterion, realizes the difference of DC line
Dynamic protection.
The data acquisition device includes DC sensor module, data acquisition modules, and DC sensor assemblies are by the straight of sensing
Flow Line local terminal DC current sends data acquisition module to, data acquisition module by DC current be converted into optical signal transmission to
Protective device.
The protective device is realized using on-site programmable gate array FPGA, including delay and deviation computing module, synchronization
Interpolating module, differential protection module and communication module.The optical signal that the communication module receiving circuit local terminal and opposite end are transmitted is simultaneously
It is converted into the DC current signal of protection calculating.Delay and deviation computing module receive Local Data harvester and upload
Local terminal DC current sampled data and opposite end direct current sampled data by fiber-optic communications traffic, and protected and filled according to both ends
Communications delay between setting passes to synchronous interpolating module after carrying out compensation of delay to both ends sampled data.It is described synchronize it is slotting
It is worth module then according to the sampling instant deviation of both ends data acquisition device, sample interpolation is carried out to sample rate current data, and pass through
It, will be in the both ends DC current sampled data after interpolation after successive ignition reaches scheduled both ends sampling instant tolerance range
Reach the differential protection module of local terminal.The both ends DC current that the differential protection module is then uploaded according to synchronous interpolating module is adopted
Sample data judge whether to meet differential current protection criterion, the dc circuit breaker of tripping local terminal if meeting criterion, realize
The differential protection of DC line.
Fig. 2 show the data sampling synchronization principles schematic diagram of the present invention, and it is reference edge to set the ends M to follow end, N-terminal,
tm1Moment M end sends synchronic command,Moment N-terminal receives the instruction and through TpProcessing time after, in tn3Moment returns to one
Synchronic command, the ends M existMoment by N-terminal return instruction.Td as shown in the figure is that DC line transmits communication delay, is had：
Fig. 3 show sampling clock difference schematic diagram of the present invention, and Td is that DC line transmits communication delay, Δ TsFor reference
The sample time offset for holding and following end thinks that the DC current sampled signal at DC line both ends is same when the deviation goes to zero
Step.
Fig. 4 show the sampled data quadratic interpolation Synchronos method schematic diagram of the present invention, is carried out by the method for quadratic interpolation
Sample interpolation iteration, specific formula are：
Wherein, T is the sampling interval；tiFor the i-th moment corresponding current value；It can after successive ignition using twice difference method
So that time deviation is gone to zero, that is, thinks that the sampling time at DC line both ends synchronizes.
Fig. 5 show certain south electric network 10kv flexible direct current distribution network topology diagrams, further below with AC line
The technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail for road 2.
Step 1: in the present embodiment, at the both ends busbar of DC line 2, i.e., distinguish at #2 busbares and #3 busbares
It is equipped with data acquisition device and protective device.Since flexible direct current uses the electronic power switch of high frequency, it is therefore desirable to higher
The sampling rate of frequency, generally use 50kHz at present, the sampling interval is 20 μ s at this time.In order to realize the quick guarantor to DC line
Protective function needs to carry out high-speed communication between DC line both-end to the sampled data, and message sends interval and equally uses 20 μ
s.Differential protection based on FPGA can realize the high-speed interface of dual ended data communication and quickly protect correlation computations.
Step 2: realizing the synchronization of DC line both ends sampled data.To realize that synchronized sampling is synchronous with data window, online
Road both ends are respectively set reference edge and follow end, are arranged by differential protection control bit：" following end " and " with reference edge ".And it is necessary
Side is set as reference edge, and the other side is set as following end.
Step 2.1, differential function can be arranged respectively to reference mode (reference edge) before starting or follow in advance as needed
Mode (follows end).
In the present embodiment, reference edge, #2 busbares end can be set #3 busbares end differential protection device to for DC line 2
Differential protection device is set as following end.
Step 2.2, it to ensure that both sides data sampling synchronizes, follows to hold and sends out a frame synchronization request command first, including
Sample index and the sampling corresponding time, reference edge return to a frame data after receiving the order for following end to send, wherein
Including the information such as the sample index of reference edge and the sampling corresponding time.
In the present embodiment, #2 busbares end starts to send out to #3 busbares end after two DC converter stations startup of flexible direct current distribution
Number of the frame with sample index and time is returned after sending the synchronization request with sample index and time, #3 busbares end to receive request
According to.
Step 2.3, after #2 busbares end receives the corresponding data message at #3 busbares end, Fig. 2, method meter shown in Fig. 3 are utilized
Calculate communications delay Td and both sides sampling instant deviation delta Ts。
Step 2.4, #2 busbares end compensates communication by the method that current sample time subtracts communications delay Td first
The influence of transmission delay, then carries out sample interpolation by the method for quadratic interpolation shown in Fig. 4, and wherein line double-end is all made of
20 μ s of identical sampling interval make both ends sampling instant deviation delta T by iterationsWhen less than in pre-determined allowable range,
Think to have realized the sample-synchronous for following end and reference edge.In the embodiment of the present application, pre-determined tolerance range
For 5 μ s.
Step 3: the difference current I by calculating 2 both-end of DC linem、In, judge whether that meeting differential current protection sentences
According to realizing the differential protection of DC line.
By the current transformer sampling circuit electric current of DC line both sides, it is just, to adopt to take busbar to flow to the electric current of circuit
With following criterion：
|Im_i+In_i| ＞ max (Ir_set,Kres*Ires) (2)
Wherein Im_i、In_iFor the electric current of i moment DC lines both ends positive or negative pole；Ir_setFor action current；KresFor system
Dynamic coefficient；Stalling current takes Ires=max (Im_i,In_i)。
In the present embodiment, after completing the sample-synchronous of step 2, differential protection function is opened, starts differential protection and calculates
Method calculates circuit both sides interpolating.When earth fault is arranged on circuit 2, failure start time 1.3s, the duration
100ms, direct current transmission power 10MVA；
When being 2 failure of DC line in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, both sides electric current and spill current waveform.Wherein ImWith InIt is 2 both ends of circuit
2# busbares flow to circuit and 3# busbares flow to the end electric current of circuit.It can be seen from the figure that during DC line fault, line scan pickup coil side
Current fluctuation increases, and difference current is rapidly increased to 3 times of primary current value or more, and differential protection being capable of quick, action message.When
When external area error occurs, result is calculated by difference current and reliably judges to be failure to actuate.
To sum up, by DC line differential relaying algorithm, ensure action message when troubles inside the sample space, when external area error reliably not
Action.
Applicant is described in detail and describes to the embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with Figure of description, but this field skill
Art personnel are it should be understood that above example is only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and explanation is intended merely to help reader in detail
More fully understand spirit of that invention, and it is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, on the contrary, any invention essence based on the present invention
Any improvement or modification made by god should all be fallen within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection implementation method, which is characterized in that the implementation method include with
Lower step：
Step 1：DC line both sides are equipped with data acquisition device and protective device, the data provisioned in DC line both sides
Harvester and protective device structure are identical, and data acquisition device is for acquiring this side data of DC line and being uploaded to protection
Device transmits two side datas between the protective device of DC line both sides using FT3 fiber optic data communication modes；
Step 2：Realize the synchronous acquisition of two side data of DC line；
Step 2.1, if flexible direct current power distribution network is double ended system, the side in the protective device of DC line both sides is arranged in advance
At reference edge, the other side is set as following end；If including a plurality of DC line in flexible direct current power distribution network DC bus, setting should
DC bus end is reference edge, waits for that the other end of the DC line of differential protection is to follow end；If DC line is in two direct currents
It between busbar, then presets and side DC bus is arranged to reference edge, other side DC bus is set as following end；
Step 2.2, end protective device is followed to send out a frame synchronization request command to reference edge protective device first, including following
At the time of holding number and the corresponding end data sampling of sampled data；Reference edge protective device follows end protective device receiving
A frame data are returned to after the synchronous request command sent, the wherein sampled data number of packet reference edge and end data sampling institute is right
At the time of answering；
Step 2.3, follow end protective device from sending out the synchronous request command moment until receiving returned data, when used
Between subtract the intrinsic processing time T of reference edgep, as twice of DC line both ends communications delay i.e. 2Td；End is followed to protect
After protection unit receives the data message of reference edge protective device return, compares the lower reference edge of same sampled data number and follow end
Sampling instant it is whether consistent, the time deviation is DC line both sides sampling instant deviation delta T if inconsistents；
Step 2.4, end protective device is followed to subtract communications delay T by current sample time firstdMethod compensation communication
Transmission delay；Then it is directed to both ends sampling instant deviation delta Ts, by the method for quadratic interpolation to sampled data into row interpolation,
Interpolation takes the median for following end and reference edge sampling instant, when deviation reaches pre-determined permission after successive ignition
When in range, that is, think to have realized the sample-synchronous for following end and reference edge；
Step 3：DC line both ends protective device carries out patrolling for differential protection according to the synchronous acquisition at DC line both ends
It collects and differentiates, when meeting differential current protection criterion, then the outlet order of protection is passed to by the straight of local terminal by optical fiber
Breaker is flowed, realizes the differential protection of DC line.
2. flexible direct current distribution network line differential protection implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Data acquisition device uploads sampled data by the FT3 link layer data transmission formats defined in IEC60044-8 standards
It is transferred to offside protective device, the standard transmission of the interchangeable frame of data transmission to this side protective device, and by this side protective device
Speed is 10Mbit/s, and the communication format between harvester and protective device is FT3 formats, and 20 μ s are divided between sampled data,
Data communication message between two end protection device is divided into 20 μ s between sending.
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| CN104767188A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-08 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Current differential protecting method of wind electricity direct current microgrid under direct current bipolar short circuit failure |
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| JP4375881B2 (en) * | 2000-05-16 | 2009-12-02 | 株式会社高岳製作所 | Protective relay using photocurrent sensor |
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| CN101350519A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-01-21 | 南京因泰莱电器股份有限公司 | Real-time synchronization equipment for protecting optical fibre longitudinal difference |
| CN103872646A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Method for preventing wrong differential protection of motor and transformer caused by induced inrush current |
| CN104767188A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-08 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Current differential protecting method of wind electricity direct current microgrid under direct current bipolar short circuit failure |
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