CN106099839B - A kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection - Google Patents

A kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106099839B
CN106099839B CN201610667746.7A CN201610667746A CN106099839B CN 106099839 B CN106099839 B CN 106099839B CN 201610667746 A CN201610667746 A CN 201610667746A CN 106099839 B CN106099839 B CN 106099839B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
intermediate relay
short
power supply
load
circuit protection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201610667746.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106099839A (en
Inventor
侍寿永
居海清
夏路兵
薛云星
杨昊
程丽
郭宇凡
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Jiangsu Vocational College of Electronics and Information
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Huaian Vocational College of Information Technology
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Priority to CN201610667746.7A priority Critical patent/CN106099839B/en
Publication of CN106099839A publication Critical patent/CN106099839A/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02Details
    • H02H3/04Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection, it is characterised in that:The protective device is arranged at power supply(1)With load(18)Between, protective device is mainly by fuse(2), intermediate relay, light emitting diode, resistance and button connection in series-parallel form, the present invention needs frequently to replace fusible core of fuse when efficiently solving load short circuits during traditional experiment real training, so that efficiency of teaching is low, and the phenomenon that fusible core of fuse is supervened during burning, student is easily set to produce the debug-item feared state of mind again, it is unfavorable for the study of Students ' Major course and puts into practice the raising of technical ability, and hinders the culture of student's Creative Thinking.

Description

A kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection
Technical field
The present invention relates to power technique fields, and in particular to a kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection.
Background technology
Current many institution of higher learning, particularly Higher Vocational College have all put into large number of equipment, for improving student's practice Operative skill, it is used to perform member in numerous specialized courses experimental real-training projects of the specialty such as electric automatization, electromechanical integration Part(Or it is load)The voltage class overwhelming majority is alternating current 220V or direct current 24V, is generally protected by the use of fuse as power supply short circuit Protection element.This protected mode is although easy and effective, but when short circuit phenomenon occurs for load, by the fusible core for burning fuse Carry out protection power source.Fusible core of fuse must be replaced by restoring electricity, and not only wasted but also cumbersome.Meanwhile when producing short circuit also Can be with following phenomenon:Explode, smolder and the smell of burning.This easily causes partial students, and the particularly poor student of psychological quality is online Certain feared state of mind is produced when road or program debugging, so them can be allowed to be shown in experimental real-training project not actively, no Actively, it dare not more put into practice, dare not innovate.
Although existing many universities and colleges use various apparatus for protecting power supply at present, certain actively work is played in teaching process With, but still suffer from many shortcomings:
1st, protection domain is narrow:Either many existing power supply protective devices can only protect AC power, or it can only protect straight Galvanic electricity source, and protection power source voltage class is also more single.
2nd, efficiency of teaching is low:Because protective device is without obvious normal power supply and load short circuits instruction, generation short circuit is supported on When, user is not easy to discover the generation of short circuit phenomenon, mostly suspects connection or programming mistake.Because of circuit or program Detect and waste more time, so that experimental real-training course teaching is less efficient.
3rd, it is inconvenient to safeguard:When power supply short circuit device breaks down, control circuit is more complicated, and teacher or student can not Repair, it is necessary to which professional technician's maintenance, makes troubles, and input cost is higher to user.
4th, functional promotion space is small:Most existing power supply short-circuit protections, because circuit is cured, function then can not Continue to expand.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection, the present invention has Effect needs frequently to replace fusible core of fuse when solving load short circuits during traditional experiment real training so that and efficiency of teaching is low, And the phenomenon that fusible core of fuse is supervened during burning, and student is produced the debug-item feared state of mind, it is unfavorable for learning The study of raw specialized courses and the raising for putting into practice technical ability, and hinder the culture of student's Creative Thinking.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection, it is characterised in that:The protective device is arranged at power supply(1) With load(18)Between, protective device is mainly by fuse(2), intermediate relay, light emitting diode, resistance and button string simultaneously Connection forms;The intermediate relay includes cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1, short action intermediate relay KA2, power supply Export intermediate relay KA3;The light emitting diode includes load short circuits indication light diode VD1(8), normal power supply instruction Light emitting diode VD2(12);The resistance includes load short circuits instruction resistance flowing resistance R1(7), normal power supply instruction current-limiting resistance R2(11);The button includes short-circuit protection reset button SB1(3), short-circuit protection out-put supply starting button SB2 (10), protective device performance test button SB3(17).
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 includes coil(5), normally opened contact(6), normally-closed contact(16), it is short Road action intermediate relay KA2 includes coil(9), normally opened contact(4), power supply, which exports intermediate relay KA3, includes coil(15)、 Normally opened contact(13、14).
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The power supply(1)With load(18)Between pass through fuse(2), power supply output intermediate relay KA3 normally opened touching Point(13)With the normally-closed contact of cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1(16)It is connected, short action intermediate relay KA2 coils (9)With the normally opened contact of power supply output intermediate relay KA3(13)It is in parallel;Performance test button SB3(17)With load(18) It is in parallel;Load short circuits instruction resistance flowing resistance R1(7)With load short circuits indication light diode VD1(8)After being in series with cut-out Load power source intermediate relay KA1 coils(5)It is in parallel, normal power supply instruction current-limiting resistance R2(11)Indicate to send out with normal power supply Optical diode VD2(12)After being in series intermediate relay KA3 coils are exported with power supply(15)It is in parallel.
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The short action intermediate relay KA2 coils(9)Intermediate relay KA3 coils are exported with power supply(15)Between lead to Cross the normally opened contact of power supply output intermediate relay KA3(14)Phase separation.
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The load short circuits indication light diode VD1(8)For red light emitting diodes, two pole of normal power supply indication light Pipe VD2(12)For green LED.
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The short-circuit protection reset button SB1(3)Cap, short-circuit protection out-put supply starting button SB2 are pressed for red (10)Cap, protective device performance test button SB3 are pressed for green(17)Cap is pressed for yellow.
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
Described intermediate relay KA1, KA2, KA3 when coil obtains electric inside the indicator light that carries it is bright.
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The voltage class of described intermediate relay KA1, KA2, KA3 can be alternating current 220V, direct current 5V, 12V, 24V, or according to Load voltage grade needs to select the intermediate relay of corresponding grade of rated voltage.
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The power supply(1)It is connected, loads with the input terminal of protective device(18)It is connected with the outlet terminal of protective device.
Further Technological improvement plan is the present invention:
The component of the protective device can be installed on insulation board, be connected composition by circuit;Or pass through printed circuit Plate, the base of intermediate relay and other components are fixed in the above, intermediate relay and the pluggable connection of base.
Compared with prior art, the present invention there is following obvious advantage:
The present invention is realized to specialties such as electric automatization, electromechanical integration using low-voltage electrical apparatuses such as button, intermediate relays The power of alterating and direct current that experimental real-training apparatus is provided in laboratory carries out short-circuit protection;
1st, efficiency of teaching is high:When short circuit occurs for load, the protective device deenergization and the connection of load, protect electricity Source, this then without frequently replacing the fusible core of fuse burnt by load short circuits, has not only saved experimental real-training cost, but also can improve religion Learn efficiency;Because satellite phenomenon during short circuit will not be produced, the feared state of mind was produced when will not only allow student's project to be debugged, but also can improve Student courageously tests and the ability of innovation bold in putting things into practice.
2nd, it is wide to be applicable in loading range:No matter load is AC load or DC load, as long as replacing relay among three The coil rating voltage of device is with regard to that can meet a variety of needs for loading different voltages grades.
3rd, it is convenient for installation and maintenance:Protective device is connected because component used is less, and for electric wiring, is not related to electric wire Road, thus academics and students all can realizing self disassembling and installation, and be once abnormal, academics and students can quickly detect with Maintenance, it is very easy to use.
4th, it is visual good:To provide instruction when load normal power supply and generation short circuit phenomenon, user passes through protective device Red, green light emitting diode can be easy to a sequence of load of discrimination project institute in debugging process and whether there is short circuit phenomenon.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is power source short-circuit protection apparatus circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes power supply 1, fuse 2, button, intermediate relay, resistance, light emitting diode and bears Carry 18;The AC power or DC power supply that the power supply 1 is provided by experimental real-training apparatus;The fuse 2 is to prevent the dress Long-time service is put, the action of intermediate relay contact is not rapid and makes power supply short circuit;The button includes short-circuit protection reset button SB1 3, short-circuit protection out-put supply starting button SB2 10, protective device performance test button SB3 17;The centre Relay includes cutting off load power source intermediate relay KA1, short action intermediate relay KA2, power supply when load short circuits occur Intermediate relay KA3 is exported, cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 includes coil(5), normally opened contact(6), normally-closed contact (16), short action intermediate relay KA2 includes coil(9), normally opened contact(4), power supply, which exports intermediate relay KA3, includes line Circle(15), normally opened contact(13、14);The resistance includes load short circuits instruction resistance flowing resistance R1 7, normal power supply instruction current limliting Resistance R2 11;The light emitting diode includes load short circuits indication light diode VD1 8, two pole of normal power supply indication light Pipe VD2 12, load short circuits indication light diode VD1 8 are red light emitting diodes, normal power supply indication light diode VD2 12 is green LED;It is described load 18 provided by experimental real-training apparatus handing-over contactors, intermediate relay, Solenoid valve, indicator light even load or executive component.
Between the power supply 1 and load 18 by fuse 2, power supply export intermediate relay KA3 normally opened contact 13 and The normally-closed contact 16 for cutting off load power source intermediate relay KA1 is connected, during normal use, power supply output intermediate relay KA3's Normally opened contact 13 closes powering load, when load short circuits occur, the normally-closed contact 16 of cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 Disconnect, so that power supply is separated with load, protect power supply;During short action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9 are exported with power supply Between the normally opened contact 13 of relay KA3 be in parallel, during load short circuits, the normally opened contact 13 of power supply output intermediate relay KA3 is disconnected Open, short action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9 must be electric, its normally opened contact 4 closure makes cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 Coil 5 it is electric;Protective device performance test button SB3 17 is in parallel with load 18, by pressing protective device performance button SB3 17 carrys out fictitious load short circuit phenomenon, and whether detection protective device can switch load supplying power supply rapidly;Load short circuits indicate Resistance flowing resistance R1 7 and load short circuits indication light diode VD1 8 be in series after with cutting off load power source intermediate relay KA1 Coil 5 is in parallel, and during load short circuits, load short circuits indication light diode VD1 8 is bright;Normal power supply instruction current-limiting resistance R2 11 be in series with normal power supply instruction green LED VD2 12 after with 15 phase of power supply output intermediate relay KA3 coils simultaneously Connection, during normal power supply, normal power supply instruction green LED VD2 12 is bright;The short-circuit protection reset button SB1 3 is Red presses cap, short-circuit protection out-put supply starting button SB2 10 presses cap, protective device performance test button SB3 for green 17 press cap for yellow;Described intermediate relay KA1, KA2, KA3 are the 8 foot miniature intermediate relays with base, and coil The indicator light carried inside when obtaining electric is bright, its coil rating voltage class is the most frequently used alternating current 220V, direct current 5V, 12V, 24V, It can need to select the intermediate relay of other grade of rated voltage according to load voltage grade on experimental real-training apparatus;The short circuit Intermediate relay is exported by power supply between action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9 and power supply output intermediate relay KA3 coils 15 The normally opened contact 14 of KA3 is separated, accordingly even when when the protective device connects power supply without working, among short action after Electric appliance KA2 coils 9 will not connect with power supply output intermediate relay KA3 coils 15 to be accessed circuit and wastes electric energy and shorten certainly Body service life;All components of protective device can be both installed on insulation board, are connected composition by circuit, are so easy to Dismounting;Also the base of intermediate relay and other components can be fixed in the above by printed circuit board, but intermediate relay It is pluggable;The protective device is equipped with electric power incoming line terminal and power output terminal, is easy to use connection power supply and load.
With reference to the operation principle of Fig. 1 summary present invention:
User disconnects experimental real-training apparatus power supply first, the AC or DC electricity for then being provided experimental real-training apparatus The apparatus for protecting power supply is accessed in source, then all loads are accessed to the power supply output of the apparatus for protecting power supply by corresponding connection mode End.When user needs to debug circuit or the program write, experimental real-training apparatus power switch is closed, then presses short circuit Protective device out-put supply starting button SB2 10, power supply output intermediate relay KA3 coil 15 must be electric, its normally opened contact 13, 14 closures, at this time normally opened touching of the power supply through fuse 2, short-circuit protection reset button SB1 3, power supply output intermediate relay KA3 The normally-closed contact 16 of point 13 and cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 power to the load, because its normally opened contact 13,14 closes, So that power supply output intermediate relay KA3 realizes auto-lock function, so can then power to load continuous.Meanwhile normal power supply Indication light diode VD2 12 is bright, shows that the protective device powers to the load normally.
When short circuit occurs for load, power supply exports 15 both ends equipotential of intermediate relay KA3 coils and is 0V, at this moment power supply 15 dead electricity of intermediate relay KA3 coils is exported, its normally opened contact 13,14 disconnects;Because load remains as short-circuit condition at this time, to short Road action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9 provide electric power loop, and electric power loop is:" power supply one end is through fuse 2, short-circuit protection Reset button SB1 3, short action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9, the normally-closed contact of cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 16th, make the continuous lines of load short circuits to the power supply other end " so that short action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9 it is electric, its is normally opened Contact 4 closes, and it is electric make it that cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 coils 5 obtain, its normally opened contact 6 closure realizes self-locking work( Can, its normally-closed contact 16 disconnects, so as to cut off the connection between power supply and load, protects power supply.Meanwhile load is short Road indication light diode VD1 8 is bright, shows that load that user connected there are short circuit phenomenon, reminds user's deenergization Switch, excludes load short circuits problem.After user excludes short circuit problem, power turn-on and to press short-circuit protection defeated again Go out power activation button SB2 10, provide power supply to load, its course of work is same as above.
User in the case where not cutting off experimental real-training apparatus power conditions, can by pressing short-circuit protection reset button SB1 3, So that 5 dead electricity of coil of cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1, its normally opened contact 6 disconnect, normally-closed contact 16 closes.Meanwhile Load short circuits indication light diode VD1 8 extinguishes.Or by directly cut off experimental real-training apparatus power switch load it is short Road instruction red light emitting diodes VD1 8 extinguishes.
Before protective device is not used for a long time and will come into operation, or user wants to test the property of protective device During energy, short-circuit protection out-put supply starting button SB2 10 is pressed first, protective device is normally powered to the load, certainly Any load is not connected at this time, presses protective device performance test button SB3 17, and simulation connects load and short circuit occurs, and observation is short Whether road action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9 act, if action, the coil 5 of cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 is No action, if action, short action intermediate relay KA2 coils 9 whether and dead electricity at once, meanwhile, load short circuits indication light Whether diode VD1 8 is lit, if load short circuits indication light diode VD1 8 is lit, then presses short-circuit protection and answers Position button SB1 3, observation cut off at this time load power source intermediate relay KA1 coil 5 whether dead electricity, load short circuits indication light Whether diode VD1 8 extinguishes, and illustrates that protective device protective value is good if extinguishing, can come into operation.
User can replace voltage class therewith and match according to the needs of load voltage grade in experimental real-training chamber device Three intermediate relays, that is, pull out plug and play, it is quite convenient.Meanwhile because protective device composition component is less, and circuit connects Connect it is fairly simple, so safeguard it is also quite convenient.
Technological means disclosed in the present invention program is not limited only to the technological means disclosed in the above embodiment, further includes Formed technical solution is combined by above technical characteristic.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection, it is characterised in that:The protective device is arranged at power supply(1)With Load(18)Between, protective device is mainly by fuse(2), intermediate relay, light emitting diode, resistance and button connection in series-parallel Form;It is defeated that the intermediate relay includes cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1, short action intermediate relay KA2, power supply Go out intermediate relay KA3;The light emitting diode includes load short circuits indication light diode VD1(8), normal power supply instruction hair Optical diode VD2(12);The resistance includes load short circuits instruction resistance flowing resistance R1(7), normal power supply instruction current-limiting resistance R2 (11);The button includes short-circuit protection reset button SB1(3), short-circuit protection out-put supply starting button SB2(10)、 Protective device performance test button SB3(17);The cut-out load power source intermediate relay KA1 includes coil(5), normally opened contact (6), normally-closed contact(16), short action intermediate relay KA2 includes short action intermediate relay KA2 coils(9), it is normally opened touch Point(4), power supply, which exports intermediate relay KA3, includes power supply output intermediate relay KA3 coils(15), normally opened contact(13、14); The power supply(1)With load(18)Between pass through fuse(2), power supply output intermediate relay KA3 normally opened contact(13)With Cut off the normally-closed contact of load power source intermediate relay KA1(16)It is connected, short action intermediate relay KA2 coils(9)With electricity The normally opened contact of source output intermediate relay KA3(13)It is in parallel;Performance test button SB3(17)With load(18)It is in parallel; Load short circuits instruction resistance flowing resistance R1(7)With load short circuits indication light diode VD1(8)With cutting off load power source after being in series Intermediate relay KA1 coils(5)It is in parallel, normal power supply instruction current-limiting resistance R2(11)With normal power supply indication light diode VD2(12)After being in series intermediate relay KA3 coils are exported with power supply(15)It is in parallel.
  2. A kind of 2. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The short circuit Act intermediate relay KA2 coils(9)Intermediate relay KA3 coils are exported with power supply(15)Between by power supply output among after The normally opened contact of electric appliance KA3(14)Phase separation.
  3. A kind of 3. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:It is described Load short circuits indication light diode VD1(8)For red light emitting diodes, normal power supply indication light diode VD2(12)For Green LED.
  4. A kind of 4. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:It is described Short-circuit protection reset button SB1(3)Cap, short-circuit protection out-put supply starting button SB2 are pressed for red(10)Pressed for green Cap, protective device performance test button SB3(17)Cap is pressed for yellow.
  5. A kind of 5. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:It is described Intermediate relay when coil obtains electric inside the indicator light that carries it is bright.
  6. A kind of 6. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:It is described The voltage class of intermediate relay KA1, KA2, KA3 can be alternating current 220V, direct current 5V, 12V, 24V, or according to load voltage grade Need to select the intermediate relay of corresponding grade of rated voltage.
  7. A kind of 7. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:It is described Power supply(1)It is connected, loads with the input terminal of protective device(18)It is connected with the outlet terminal of protective device.
  8. A kind of 8. laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:It is described The component of protective device can be installed on insulation board, be connected composition by circuit;Or by printed circuit board, by middle relay The base of device and other components are fixed in the above, intermediate relay and the pluggable connection of base.
CN201610667746.7A 2016-08-15 2016-08-15 A kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection Expired - Fee Related CN106099839B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106972458B (en) * 2017-04-28 2019-04-05 淮安信息职业技术学院 A kind of adaptive wide scope DC source output short circuit protective device

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CN2394343Y (en) * 1999-10-19 2000-08-30 李洪峰 Socket with leakage protector
CN205863891U (en) * 2016-08-15 2017-01-04 淮安信息职业技术学院 A kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection

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CN205863891U (en) * 2016-08-15 2017-01-04 淮安信息职业技术学院 A kind of laboratory power of alterating and direct current short-circuit protection

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