CN106096285A - A kind of energy-storage system tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is that a kind of energy-storage system tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment method, it is characterized in, the method tackles the evaluation index of high wind-powered electricity generation permeability power system frequency modulation demand by the energy-storage system set up, and uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to choose energy-storage system and participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_P, considering the advantage factors such as energy-storage system side, electrical network side, research is set up dissimilar energy-accumulating power station and is participated in power system frequency modulation assistant service pricing mechanism, and the wind-powered electricity generation improving existing electrical network receives ability and system safety in operation.Having methodological science, the suitability is strong, the advantages such as effect is good.

Description

A kind of energy-storage system tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment method

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generation, be that a kind of energy-storage system tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand Effect assessment method.

Background technology

World today's energy resource consumption increases day by day, and problem of environmental pollution is the most prominent, and govern World Economics can with society Sustainable development.Wind energy, as the most potential non-aqueous energy regenerative resource, contrasts traditional fossil class energy, has Superperformance safe and reliable, free of contamination, and progressively develop into a kind of emerging leading energy.2015, China was with 148GW Accumulative installed capacity continue to hold a post or title the first in the world, the newly-increased wind capacity integrated into grid 32.97GW in the whole nation, accumulative grid connection capacity 146.26GW. According to China " country's reply climate change planning (the 2014-2020) " object of planning, it is contemplated that to the year two thousand twenty installed capacity of wind-driven power It is up to 200GW.Access, for large-scale wind power, the power system frequency modulation problem brought, tradition frequency modulation unit due to ratio by Walk decline and the limitation of frequency modulation performance and deficiency, it is difficult to reply Future Power System frequency modulation needs.

There is intrinsic deficiency in fired power generating unit in terms of frequency modulation: low-response, it is impossible to accurate tracking Automatic Generation Control (automatic generation control, AGC) instructs, and the opposite direction to area control error the most even can be caused to adjust Joint.The ratio accessed along with generation of electricity by new energy is gradually increased, and in view of characteristics such as its intermittence, undulatory propertys, power grid frequency modulation is held The problem that amount is not enough gradually highlights.Battery energy storage system (battery energy storage system, BESS) is due to frequency modulation Effective, that a small amount of energy storage will effectively promote based on the thermoelectricity overall fm capacity of power system.But, due to energy storage system System cost of investment is high, greatly limits the configuration capacity of energy-storage system, and the configuration of rational stored energy capacitance is wanted for meeting power grid frequency modulation Ask most important.Have therefore it provides a kind of energy-storage system tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment method Very big significance.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is, from high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation problem, it is proposed that reply The energy-storage system assessment of economic benefit method of power system frequency modulation demand.The method has considered energy-storage system side, electrical network side Etc. interests, set up dissimilar energy-accumulating power station and participate in power system frequency modulation assistant service pricing mechanism, promote that energy storage is improving electricity Application in net fm capacity.

The scheme solving its technology is, a kind of energy-storage system tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment side Method, is characterized in that, uses Hierarchy Analysis Method, asks for the suitableeest energy-storage system and participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K P, it is considered to energy storage side With the interests such as electrical network side, establishing energy-storage system auxiliary frequency modulation pricing mechanism, it comprises the following steps:

1) energy-storage system participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_PChoose

Energy-storage system participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_PChoose employing analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structural model, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structure Model is generally divided into three layers, and the superiors are destination layer, and orlop is solution layer, and centre is rule layer or indicator layer, selects optimum Kp is the superiors' destination layer, and frequency is improved effect, energy-storage system configuration capacity, maximum charge-discharge electric power and energy-storage system and moved Being intermediate layer rule layer as the time, alternative Kp is orlop solution layer；

If certain layer has n factor, criterion a certain to last layer or the influence degree of target to be compared, determine phase in this layer For the proportion shared by a certain criterion, i.e. the influence degree of a certain to upper strata for n factor target being sorted, above-mentioned comparison is two-by-two The comparison carried out between factor, takes 1～9 yardsticks, uses a when comparing_ijRepresent that i-th factor is tied relative to the comparison of jth factor Really, then matrix A is referred to as pairwise comparison matrix；

$A={\left(a_{ij}\right)}_{n\×n}=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}{a}_{11}& a_{12}& ...& a_{1n}\\ a_{21}& a_{22}& ...& a_{2n}\\ ...& ...& ...& ...\\ a_{n1}& a_{n2}& ...& a_{nn}\end{array}\right)---\left(1\right)$

In pairwise comparison matrix A, if a_ik*a_kj=a_ij, then A is referred to as consistent battle array, if pairwise comparison matrix is consistent battle array, Then take the normalization characteristic vector { w corresponding to Maximum characteristic root n₁,w₂,…w_n, andw_iRepresent lower floor's i-th factor Weights to upper strata factor influence degree；

If pairwise comparison matrix is not consistent battle array, with normalization characteristic vector corresponding for its Maximum characteristic root λ as power to Amount w, then Aw=λ w, w={w₁,w₂,…w_n, with eigenvalue of maximum characteristic of correspondence vector as being compared factor to upper strata The weight vector of factor influence degree, its inconsistent degree is the biggest, and the error in judgement caused is the biggest, thus by the size of λ-n numerical value Weighing the inconsistent degree of A, definition coincident indicator CI weighs its inconsistent degree:

$CI=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}-n}{n-1}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein n is the diagonal entry sum of A, is also the characteristic root sum of A, and λ is the Maximum characteristic root of A；

500 pairwise comparison matrix A of random configuration₁,A₂,…A₅₀₀, then coincident indicator CI is obtained₁, CI₂…CI₅₀₀, definition Random index RI:

$RI=\frac{{\mathrm{CI}}_1+{\mathrm{CI}}_2+...+{\mathrm{CI}}_{500}}{500}=\frac{\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1+{\mathrm{\λ}}_2+...+{\mathrm{\λ}}_{500}}{500}-n}{n-1}---\left(3\right)$

Typically, Consistency Ratio is worked asTime, it is believed that the inconsistent degree of A, within permissible range, is returned with it One change characteristic vector, as weight vector, otherwise to reconfigure the most relatively matrix, be adjusted A；

Determine certain layer of all factor sequencing weight process for general objective relative importance, referred to as total hierarchial sorting, from Top successively it is ranked up to the bottom, m factor A of A layer₁,A₂,…A_m, general objective Z is ordered as a₁,a₂,…a_m, B layer N factor is A to factor in the A of upper strata_jMode of Level Simple Sequence be b_1j,b_2j,…,b_nj(j=1,2 ..., m)；

The total hierarchial sorting of B layer is the i-th factor weights to general objectiveIf B is layer B₁,B₂,…B_mTo upper strata, i.e. Factor A in A layer_j(j=1,2 ..., Mode of Level Simple Sequence coincident indicator m) is CI_j, random index RI_j, then level is total The Consistency Ratio of sequence:

$CR=\frac{a_1{\mathrm{CI}}_1+a_2{\mathrm{CI}}_2+...+a_m{\mathrm{CI}}_m}{a_1{\mathrm{RI}}_1+a_2{\mathrm{RI}}_2+...+a_m{\mathrm{RI}}_m}---\left(4\right)$

When CR is < when 0.1, it is believed that total hierarchial sorting passes through consistency check, arrives this, does according to undermost total hierarchial sorting Go out last decision-making；

2) power system and the mathematical model of energy-storage system overall interests are considered

Utilize energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand can bring both sides Utility of Energy, a side to energy-storage system Face energy-storage system causes frequency out-of-limit to threaten electrical network peace itself by storage reply frequency modulation demand process because of equivalent load fluctuation The energy storage benefit that limit by row part for the national games is brought, on the other hand energy-storage system participates in power system frequency modulation assistant service and improves electricity Force system safe operation, it should obtain certain auxiliary frequency modulation service revenue；

The charge capacity E of energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand_ESSIt is calculated as follows:

$E_{ESS}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\&Sigma;}}{E}_{Time}\left(i\right)---\left(5\right)$

E in formula_TimeI () is the energy-storage system rechargeable energy value in the i-th moment, n is the charging interval section of energy-storage system；

The auxiliary compensation electricity E of energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand_BCWith regulation degree of depth D and regulation performance indications K_pdRelevant, it is calculated as follows:

E_BC=D × K_Pd (6)

Wherein D refers to regulate the degree of depth, is defined as the summation of certain period regulated quantity, it may be assumed that

$D=\underset{j=1}{\overset{d}{\&Sigma;}}{D}_j---\left(7\right)$

Wherein D_jFor the regulation degree of depth of energy-storage system jth time, d is this period to regulate number of times；

K_pdFor regulation performance indications, it is defined as the regulation performance indications in the energy-storage system correspondence period, it may be assumed that

$K_{Pd}=\frac{K_{1i}}{0.75\&times;K_{2i}\&times;K_{3i}}---\left(8\right)$

Wherein K_1iFor the regulations speed perunit value of energy-storage system, typically take 1, K_1iWeigh is the actual tune of this energy-storage system Joint speed degree to which compared with its standard speed that should reach；K_2iLater regulation essence is stablized for energy-storage system response Degree, is the perunit value of the actual difference exerted oneself and set between exerting oneself and setting value, typically takes 0.1, K_2iWeigh is energy storage system System practical adjustments departure allow the departure that reaches with it compared with degree to which；K_3iFor electric energy management system (Energy Management System, EMS) send the perunit value of the response time of energy-storage system and standard response time after instruction, one As take 0.95, K_3iWeigh is this energy-storage system actual response time degree to which compared with standard response time；

The Utility of Energy P (E) utilizing energy-storage system to tackle power system frequency modulation demand is:

P (E)=C_EE_ESS+C_BE_BC (9)

C in formula_EFor energy storage electricity networking electricity price, unit/MW.h, C_BPower system frequency modulation auxiliary compensation expense is participated in for energy storage, Unit/MW.h；

The environmental benefit utilizing energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand is embodied in: energy-storage system itself stores Reduction of discharging benefit J (E) that wind-powered electricity generation electricity brings:

J (E)=C_f×E_ESS (10)

In formula, C_fProcessing cost for fired power generating unit production unit electric energy discharge waste gas；

Consider safe operation of power system and the Utility of Energy of energy-storage system, environmental benefit, energy-storage system self throwing Money and the operation and maintenance cost of energy-storage system, then the income of energy-storage system is calculated as follows:

S (E)=P (E)+J (E)-EC_R-PC_G-EM (11)

In formula, S is the income of energy-storage system, unit；E is the capacity configuration of energy-storage system, MW h；P is the tune of energy-storage system Maximum charge-discharge electric power, MW during Pin；C_RFor the capacity price of energy-storage system, unit/MW h；C_GPower valency for energy-storage system Lattice, unit/MW；M is energy-storage system operation and maintenance cost, unit/MW h/ time.

A kind of energy-storage system of the present invention tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment method, by setting up Energy-storage system tackle high wind-powered electricity generation permeability power system frequency modulation demand evaluation index, use analytic hierarchy process (AHP) choose energy storage system System participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_P, considering the advantage factors such as energy-storage system side, electrical network side, dissimilar energy storage is set up in research Power station participates in power system frequency modulation assistant service pricing mechanism, and the wind-powered electricity generation improving existing electrical network receives ability and system to run safety Property, there is methodological science, the suitability is strong, the advantages such as effect is good.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structural model；

The top schematic diagram that successively sorts to the bottom of Fig. 2.

Detailed description of the invention

Below with drawings and Examples, a kind of energy-storage system of the present invention is tackled high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation to need Effect assessment method is asked to be described further.

A kind of energy-storage system of the present invention tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment method, including following Step:

1) energy-storage system participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_PChoose

Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structural model, described analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structural model is three layers, and the superiors are destination layer, Orlop is solution layer, and centre is rule layer or indicator layer, and selecting optimum Kp is the superiors' destination layer, and frequency improves effect, storage Can system configuration capacity, maximum charge-discharge electric power and energy-storage system movement time be intermediate layer rule layer, alternative Kp For orlop solution layer, as shown in Figure 1.

If certain layer has n factor, criterion a certain to last layer or the influence degree of target to be compared, determine phase in this layer For the proportion shared by a certain criterion, i.e. the influence degree of a certain to upper strata for n factor target being sorted, above-mentioned comparison is two-by-two The comparison carried out between factor, takes 1～9 yardsticks, uses a when comparing_ijRepresent that i-th factor is tied relative to the comparison of jth factor Really, then matrix A is referred to as pairwise comparison matrix, compares yardstick 1～9 yardstick implication as shown in table 1；

Table 1 compares yardstick explanation

$A={\left(a_{ij}\right)}_{n\&times;n}=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}{a}_{11}& a_{12}& ...& a_{1n}\\ a_{21}& a_{22}& ...& a_{2n}\\ ...& ...& ...& ...\\ a_{n1}& a_{n2}& ...& a_{nn}\end{array}\right)---\left(1\right)$

In pairwise comparison matrix A, if a_ik*a_kj=a_ij, then A is referred to as consistent battle array, if pairwise comparison matrix is consistent battle array, Then take the normalization characteristic vector { w corresponding to Maximum characteristic root n₁,w₂,…w_n, andw_iRepresent lower floor's i-th factor Weights to upper strata factor influence degree；

If pairwise comparison matrix is not consistent battle array, with normalization characteristic vector corresponding for its Maximum characteristic root λ as power to Amount w, then Aw=λ w, w={w₁,w₂,…w_n, with eigenvalue of maximum characteristic of correspondence vector as being compared factor to upper strata The weight vector of factor influence degree, its inconsistent degree is the biggest, and the error in judgement caused is the biggest, thus by the size of λ-n numerical value Weigh the inconsistent degree of A, definition coincident indicator such as (2) formula:

$CI=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}-n}{n-1}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein n is the diagonal entry sum of A, is also the characteristic root sum of A, and λ is the Maximum characteristic root of A；

500 pairwise comparison matrix A of random configuration₁,A₂,…A₅₀₀, then coincident indicator CI is obtained₁, CI₂…CI₅₀₀, definition Random index RI such as (3) formula:

$RI=\frac{{\mathrm{CI}}_1+{\mathrm{CI}}_2+...+{\mathrm{CI}}_{500}}{500}=\frac{\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1+{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2+...+{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{500}}{500}-n}{n-1}---\left(3\right)$

The numerical value of random index RI is as shown in table 2.

Table 2 random index numerical value

Work as Consistency RatioTime, it is believed that the inconsistent degree of A is within permissible range, special with its normalization Levy vectorial as weight vector, otherwise to reconfigure the most relatively matrix, A is adjusted；

Determine certain layer of all factor sequencing weight process for general objective relative importance, referred to as total hierarchial sorting, from Top successively it is ranked up to the bottom, m factor A of A layer₁,A₂,…A_m, general objective Z is ordered as a₁,a₂,…a_m, B layer N factor is A to factor in the A of upper strata_jMode of Level Simple Sequence be b_1j,b_2j,…,b_nj(j=1,2 ..., m)；Top to the end Layer successively sequence schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.

The total hierarchial sorting of B layer is the i-th factor weights to general objectiveIf B is layer B₁,B₂,…B_mTo upper strata, i.e. Factor A in A layer_j(j=1,2 ..., Mode of Level Simple Sequence coincident indicator m) is CI_j, random index RI_j, then level is total The Consistency Ratio such as (4) formula of sequence:

$CR=\frac{a_1{\mathrm{CI}}_1+a_2{\mathrm{CI}}_2+...+a_m{\mathrm{CI}}_m}{a_1{\mathrm{RI}}_1+a_2{\mathrm{RI}}_2+...+a_m{\mathrm{RI}}_m}---\left(4\right)$

When CR is < when 0.1, it is believed that total hierarchial sorting passes through consistency check, arrives this, according to the layer of orlop, i.e. decision-making level Last decision-making is made in secondary total sequence；

2) power system and the mathematical model of energy-storage system overall interests are considered

Utilize energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand can bring both sides Utility of Energy, a side to energy-storage system Face energy-storage system causes frequency out-of-limit to threaten electrical network peace itself by storage reply frequency modulation demand process because of equivalent load fluctuation The energy storage benefit that limit by row part for the national games is brought, on the other hand energy-storage system participates in power system frequency modulation assistant service and improves electricity Force system safe operation, it should obtain certain auxiliary frequency modulation service revenue；

The charge capacity E of energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand_ESSCalculating such as (5) formula:

$E_{ESS}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\&Sigma;}}{E}_{Time}\left(i\right)---\left(5\right)$

E in formula_TimeI () is the energy-storage system rechargeable energy value in the i-th moment, n is the charging interval section of energy-storage system；

The auxiliary compensation electricity E of energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand_BCWith regulation degree of depth D and regulation performance indications K_pdRelevant, calculating such as (6) formula-(8) formula:

E_BC=D × K_Pd (6)

Wherein D refers to regulate the degree of depth, is defined as the summation of certain period regulated quantity, it may be assumed that

$D=\underset{j=1}{\overset{d}{\&Sigma;}}{D}_j---\left(7\right)$

Wherein D_jFor the regulation degree of depth of energy-storage system jth time, d is this period to regulate number of times；

K_pdFor regulation performance indications, it is defined as the regulation performance indications in the energy-storage system correspondence period, it may be assumed that

$K_{Pd}=\frac{K_{1i}}{0.75\&times;K_{2i}\&times;K_{3i}}---\left(8\right)$

Wherein K_1iFor the regulations speed perunit value of energy-storage system, typically take 1, K_1iWeigh is the actual tune of this energy-storage system Joint speed degree to which compared with its standard speed that should reach；K_2iLater regulation essence is stablized for energy-storage system response Degree, is the perunit value of the actual difference exerted oneself and set between exerting oneself and setting value, typically takes 0.1, K_2iWeigh is energy storage system System practical adjustments departure allow the departure that reaches with it compared with degree to which；K_3iFor electric energy management system (Energy Management System, EMS) send the perunit value of the response time of energy-storage system and standard response time after instruction, one As take 0.95, K_3iWeigh is this energy-storage system actual response time degree to which compared with standard response time；

The Utility of Energy P (E) utilizing energy-storage system to tackle power system frequency modulation demand is:

P (E)=C_EE_ESS+C_BE_BC (9)

C in formula_EFor energy storage electricity networking electricity price, unit/MW h, C_BParticipate in power system frequency modulation auxiliary compensation for energy storage to take With, unit/MW h；

The environmental benefit utilizing energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand is embodied in: energy-storage system itself stores Reduction of discharging benefit J (E) that wind-powered electricity generation electricity brings:

J (E)=C_f×E_ESS (10)

In formula, C_fProcessing cost for fired power generating unit production unit electric energy discharge waste gas；

Consider safe operation of power system and the Utility of Energy of energy-storage system, environmental benefit, energy-storage system self throwing Money and the operation and maintenance cost of energy-storage system, then the income of energy-storage system is calculated by (11) formula:

S (E)=P (E)+J (E)-EC_R-PC_G-EM (11)

In formula, S is the income of energy-storage system, unit；E is the capacity configuration of energy-storage system, MW h；P is the tune of energy-storage system Maximum charge-discharge electric power, MW during Pin；C_RFor the capacity price of energy-storage system, unit/MW h；C_GPower valency for energy-storage system Lattice, unit/MW；M is energy-storage system operation and maintenance cost, unit/MW h/ time.

The present embodiment is worth as data, based on Northeast China Power Grid maximum operation side in 2014 most with the fluctuation of Liaoning electric power grid wind power Formula, carries out frequency simulation calculation, and utilizes energy-storage system frequency modulation, chooses many group energy-storage system frequency modulation values, utilizes analytic hierarchy process (AHP) Choose optimum K_P, with the economical assessment models of energy-storage system, calculate dissimilar energy-storage system power system frequency modulation assistant service Price, and carry out replacement compare with tradition fired power generating unit frequency modulation.

Embodiment design conditions are described as follows:

1) rate for incorporation into the power network C of energy-storage system_EBy 600 yuan/(MW.h) calculating, regulate performance indications K_pdCalculated by formula (8) Draw, take 14.04；

2) environmental benefit C of energy-storage system_fBy 230 yuan/(MW.h) calculating；

3) flywheel energy storage, super capacitor, lithium battery, the power of all-vanadium flow battery energy-accumulating medium, capacitance grade are assumed all Disclosure satisfy that frequency modulation demand, the efficiency for charge-discharge of each energy-accumulating medium, cycle-index, power cost, Capacity Cost and operating cost Being shown in Table 3, dollar currency rate takes 6.51.

Table 3 three types energy-storage system techno-economic comparison

Under above-mentioned design conditions, application the inventive method tackles high wind-powered electricity generation permeability power train tracking to energy-storage system Frequently the result of demand effect assessment is as follows:

Energy-storage system participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_PChoose

K is selected first with analytic hierarchy process (AHP)_PValue, uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structural model, described analytic hierarchy process (AHP) knot Structure model is three layers, and the superiors are destination layer, and orlop is solution layer, and centre is rule layer or indicator layer, and the optimum Kp of selection is The superiors' destination layer, when frequency improves effect, energy-storage system configuration capacity, maximum charge-discharge electric power and energy-storage system action Between be intermediate layer rule layer, alternative Kp is orlop solution layer, as shown in Figure 1.

Determine certain layer of all factor sequencing weight process for general objective relative importance, referred to as total hierarchial sorting, from Top successively it is ranked up to the bottom, m factor A of A layer₁,A₂,…A_m, general objective Z is ordered as a₁,a₂,…a_m, B layer N factor is A to factor in the A of upper strata_jMode of Level Simple Sequence be b_1j,b_2j,…,b_nj(j=1,2 ..., m)；Top to the end Layer successively sequence schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.

The first step is the pairwise comparison matrix setting up rule layer to destination layer, and is set to matrix A.Energy-storage system is utilized to participate in Frequency modulation, frequency is one of important indicator of the quality of power supply, and energy-storage system participates in that frequency modulation is primarily upon is exactly system frequency Improve effect.While considering that improving frequency improves effect, the capacity of energy-storage system is the most particularly significant, itself and energy-storage system Cost is closely related.Secondly, the maximum actuation power of energy-storage system affects the economy of energy-storage system equally.Finally, energy storage React energy-storage system to a certain extent the movement time of system and improve the effect of frequency.In sum, the power of four factors Weight such as table 4.

Table 4 energy-storage system participates in chirp parameter weight

The rule layer pairwise comparison matrix A to destination layer can be obtained by table 5.

$A=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}1& 4& 5& 9\\ \frac{1}{4}& 1& 2& 5\\ \frac{1}{5}& \frac{1}{2}& 1& 3\\ \frac{1}{9}& \frac{1}{5}& \frac{1}{3}& 1\end{array}\right]$

Second step sets up the solution layer paired comparison judgment matrix to rule layer, and is set to matrix: frequency improve effect with The paired comparison judgment matrix of rule layer is B₁；Energy storage system capacity is B with the paired comparison judgment matrix of rule layer₂, energy storage system System watt level is B with the paired comparison judgment matrix of rule layer₃, energy-storage system movement time, the paired comparison with rule layer was sentenced Disconnected matrix is B₄。

Energy-storage system participation frequency modulation will certainly improve the size of system frequency compared with participating in frequency modulation with without energy-storage system, and Energy-storage system movement time is compartmentalization, and during energy-storage system action participates in frequency modulation, the frequency moment is all in change.

The different K of table 5_PEnergy-storage system charge-discharge electric power, movement time, configuration capacity relation

By table 5, energy-storage system is changed the size of maximum frequency point minimum point as the one of energy-storage system participation frequency modulation effect Individual evaluation index, is designated as O by energy-storage system in the meansigma methods of maximum frequency point and the frequency size of frequency minimum point improvement_n(n= 1,2,3,4,5) when representing different parameters respectively, the meansigma methods that frequency is improved), if The matrix B obtained₁As follows.

$B_1=\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}1& 0.9& 0.75& 0.69& 0.69\\ 1.11& 1& 0.83& 0.77& 0.77\\ 1.33& 1.2& 1& 0.923& 0.923\\ 1.44& 1.3& 1.083& 1& 1\\ 1.44& 1.3& 1.083& 1& 1\end{array}\right]$

Take in energy-storage system course of action charging capacity and discharge capacity maximum as the evaluation index of energy-storage system, its Maximum capacity is the smaller the better.By table 5, maximum capacity in energy-storage system course of action is designated as P_n(n=1,2,3,4,5), ifObtain matrix B₂:

$B_2=\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}1& 1.21& 1.45& 1.67& 1.87\\ 0.82& 1& 1.19& 1.37& 1.53\\ 0.69& 0.84& 1& 1.15& 1.29\\ 0.6& 0.73& 0.87& 1& 1.12\\ 0.54& 0.65& 0.78& 0.89& 1\end{array}\right]$

Take in energy-storage system course of action charge power and discharge power maximum as the evaluation index of energy-storage system, its Maximum service rating is the smaller the better.By table 5, power maximum in energy-storage system course of action is designated as Q_n(n=1,2,3,4,5) IfObtain matrix B₃:

$B_3=\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}1& 1.22& 1.43& 1.65& 1.86\\ 0.82& 1& 1.18& 1.35& 1.52\\ 0.7& 0.85& 1& 1.15& 1.3\\ 0.61& 0.74& 0.87& 1& 1.13\\ 0.53& 0.65& 0.77& 0.89& 1\end{array}\right]$

Energy-storage system movement time is also to weigh energy-storage system to participate in an index of frequency modulation.Its movement time the shortest more Good.By table 5, energy-storage system is designated as R movement time_n(n=1,2,3,4,5), if Obtain matrix B₄:

$B_4=\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}1& 1.00& 1.01& 1.01& 0.99\\ 1.00& 1& 1.01& 1.01& 1.00\\ 0.99& 0.99& 1& 0.99& 0.99\\ 0.99& 0.99& 1.00& 1& 0.99\\ 1.01& 1.00& 1.01& 1.01& 1\end{array}\right]$

3rd step is Mode of Level Simple Sequence and consistency check.By matlab instruction [V, D]=eig (A), [V, D]=eig (B1), [V, D]=eig (B2), [V, D]=eig (B3), [V, D]=eig (B4) solve V, D matrix respectively, thus obtain: Eigenvalue of maximum, characteristic vector, the characteristic vector after normalization.That is: eigenvalue of maximum is greatest member on D matrix diagonal. Characteristic vector is the first row of V matrix.Normalized processing method: set feature vector, X={ X₁X₂……X_n, then after normalization Characteristic vector be:By calculating, Mode of Level Simple Sequence level consistency check table such as table 6 institute Show,

Table 6 Mode of Level Simple Sequence level consistency is checked

Being seen by table 6, C.R. is respectively less than 0.1, and consistency check all passes through.

4th step is to calculate the total sequencing weight of level and consistency check.The control strategy of the Kp=45 weights to general objective For: 0.6178 × 0.1578+0.2103 × 0.2741+0.1226 × 0.2731+0.0493 × 0.1984=0.1984.

In like manner obtaining Kp=55, the weights of Kp=65, Kp=75, Kp=85 are respectively as follows: 0.1931, and 0.2031,0.2057, 0.1997。

According to formula (4) calculating total hierarchial sorting consistency check:

$\begin{array}{c}C.R.=\frac{a_{1}C.I{.}_1+a_{2}C.I{.}_2+...+a_{5}C.I{.}_5}{a_{1}R.I{.}_1+a_{2}R.I{.}_2+...+a_{5}R.I{.}_5}\\ =\frac{0.6178\&times;(-0.00095)+0.2103\&times;0.0001+0.1226\&times;(-0.0004)+0.0493\&times;(-0.00009)}{1.12}\\ =-0.00055<0.1\end{array}$

Total hierarchial sorting passes through consistency check.When KP takes 75, weight is maximum, therefore chooses 75 for final control strategy ratio Example coefficient.

K is checked in by table 5_PThe charging capacity that when taking 75, energy-storage system is corresponding is 0.1396MW.h, and putting of energy-storage system is held Amount is 0.1005MW.h, and during energy-storage system action, maximum charge-discharge electric power is 17.209MW, in conjunction with filling of various energy storage type Discharging efficiency η, can calculate the final of energy-storage system and be benefited.

Table 7 all types of energy-accumulating medium econmics comparison

By the power costs of energy storage type different in table 7, Capacity Cost, operating cost conversion be unit/MW time, first/ MW h time and unit/MW h time can calculate each energy-accumulating medium charge capacity, the regulation degree of depth, auxiliary compensation electricity, electricity C when dose-effect benefit, reduction of discharging benefit and energy-storage system balance between revenue and expenditure_BValue.

Its income calculated is as shown in table 8.

Table 8 all types of energy-storage system income

As can be seen from Table 8 with current energy-storage system cost calculation, energy-storage system balance between revenue and expenditure to be made, energy storage participates in electricity Force system frequency modulation auxiliary compensation expense is high.In four kinds of energy storage types, frequency modulation auxiliary compensation network minimal is super capacitor, storage Can the break-even reimbursement for expenses of system be 2842.61 yuan/MW h.Next to that flywheel energy storage, the break-even benefit of energy-storage system The expense of repaying is 3939.02 yuan/MW h, the break-even reimbursement for expenses of energy-storage system of all-vanadium flow battery is 12608.68 yuan/ MW h, the break-even reimbursement for expenses of energy-storage system of lithium battery is 33228.43 yuan/MW h.In sum, currently used The energy-storage system auxiliary frequency modulation reimbursement for expenses of energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand is the highest, if it is considered that energy storage system System substitutes reimbursement for expenses if tradition fired power generating unit participation frequency modulation gives certain economic compensation and will decrease.

Design conditions in the embodiment of the present invention, legend, table etc. are only used for that the present invention is further illustrated, the most thoroughly Lift, be not intended that the restriction to claims, the enlightenment that those skilled in the art obtain according to embodiments of the present invention, Other replacement being substantially equal to is would occur to, all in scope without creative work.

Claims (1)

1. energy-storage system tackle a high wind-powered electricity generation permeability system frequency modulation demand effect assessment method, it is characterized in that, it include with Lower step:

1) energy-storage system participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_PChoose

Energy-storage system participates in frequency modulation Proportional coefficient K_PChoose employing analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structural model, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) structural model Being generally divided into three layers, the superiors are destination layer, and orlop is solution layer, and centre is rule layer or indicator layer, and the optimum Kp of selection is The superiors' destination layer, when frequency improves effect, energy-storage system configuration capacity, maximum charge-discharge electric power and energy-storage system action Between be intermediate layer rule layer, alternative Kp is orlop solution layer；

If certain layer has n factor, criterion a certain to last layer or the influence degree of target to be compared, determine in this layer relative to Proportion shared by a certain criterion, i.e. sorts the influence degree of a certain to upper strata for n factor target, and above-mentioned comparison is factor two-by-two Between the comparison that carries out, take 1～9 yardsticks when comparing, use a_ijRepresent the i-th factor comparative result relative to jth factor, then Matrix A is referred to as pairwise comparison matrix；

$A={\left(a_{ij}\right)}_{n\&times;n}=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}{a}_{11}& a_{12}& ...& a_{1n}\\ a_{21}& a_{22}& ...& a_{2n}\\ ...& ...& ...& ...\\ a_{n1}& a_{n2}& ...& a_{nn}\end{array}\right)---\left(1\right)$

In pairwise comparison matrix A, if a_ik*a_kj=a_ij, then A is referred to as consistent battle array, if pairwise comparison matrix is consistent battle array, then takes Normalization characteristic vector { w corresponding to Maximum characteristic root n₁,w₂,…w_n, andw_iRepresent that lower floor's i-th factor is to upper The weights of certain factor influence degree of layer；

If pairwise comparison matrix is not consistent battle array, with normalization characteristic vector corresponding for its Maximum characteristic root λ as weight vector w, Then Aw=λ w, w={w₁,w₂,…w_n, with eigenvalue of maximum characteristic of correspondence vector as being compared factor to upper strata factor The weight vector of influence degree, its inconsistent degree is the biggest, and the error in judgement caused is the biggest, thus weighs by the size of λ-n numerical value The inconsistent degree of amount A, definition coincident indicator CI weighs its inconsistent degree:

$CI=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}-n}{n-1}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein n is the diagonal entry sum of A, is also the characteristic root sum of A, and λ is the Maximum characteristic root of A；

500 pairwise comparison matrix A of random configuration₁,A₂,…A₅₀₀, then coincident indicator CI is obtained₁, CI₂…CI₅₀₀, define random one Cause property index RI:

$RI=\frac{{\mathrm{CI}}_1+{\mathrm{CI}}_2+...+{\mathrm{CI}}_{500}}{500}=\frac{\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1+{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2+...+{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_{500}}{500}-n}{n-1}---\left(3\right)$

Typically, Consistency Ratio is worked asTime, it is believed that the inconsistent degree of A, within permissible range, uses its normalization Characteristic vector, as weight vector, otherwise to reconfigure the most relatively matrix, be adjusted A；

Determining certain layer of all factor sequencing weight process for general objective relative importance, referred to as total hierarchial sorting, from the highest Layer is successively ranked up to the bottom, m factor A of A layer₁,A₂,…A_m, general objective Z is ordered as a₁,a₂,…a_m, B layer n Factor is A to factor in the A of upper strata_jMode of Level Simple Sequence be b_1j,b_2j,…,b_nj(j=1,2 ..., m)；

The total hierarchial sorting of B layer is the i-th factor weights to general objectiveIf B is layer B₁,B₂,…B_mTo upper strata, i.e. A layer Middle factor A_j(j=1,2 ..., Mode of Level Simple Sequence coincident indicator m) is CI_j, random index RI_j, then level is always arranged The Consistency Ratio of sequence:

$CR=\frac{a_1{\mathrm{CI}}_1+a_2{\mathrm{CI}}_2+...+a_m{\mathrm{CI}}_m}{a_1{\mathrm{RI}}_1+a_2{\mathrm{RI}}_2+...+a_m{\mathrm{RI}}_m}---\left(4\right)$

When CR is < when 0.1, it is believed that total hierarchial sorting passes through consistency check, arrives this, makes according to undermost total hierarchial sorting Rear decision-making；

2) power system and the mathematical model of energy-storage system overall interests are considered

Utilize energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand can bring both sides Utility of Energy, on the one hand storage to energy-storage system System frequency out-of-limit can be caused itself by storage reply frequency modulation demand process to threaten power grid security fortune because of equivalent load fluctuation The energy storage benefit that limit by row part is brought, on the other hand energy-storage system participates in power system frequency modulation assistant service and improves power train System safe operation, it should obtain certain auxiliary frequency modulation service revenue；

The charge capacity E of energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand_ESSIt is calculated as follows:

$E_{ESS}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\&Sigma;}}{E}_{Time}\left(i\right)---\left(5\right)$

E in formula_TimeI () is the energy-storage system rechargeable energy value in the i-th moment, n is the charging interval section of energy-storage system；

The auxiliary compensation electricity E of energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand_BCWith regulation degree of depth D and regulation performance indications K_pdHave Close, be calculated as follows:

E_BC=D × K_Pd (6)

Wherein D refers to regulate the degree of depth, is defined as the summation of certain period regulated quantity, it may be assumed that

$D=\underset{j=1}{\overset{d}{\&Sigma;}}{D}_j---\left(7\right)$

Wherein D_jFor the regulation degree of depth of energy-storage system jth time, d is this period to regulate number of times；

K_pdFor regulation performance indications, it is defined as the regulation performance indications in the energy-storage system correspondence period, it may be assumed that

$K_{Pd}=\frac{K_{1i}}{0.75\&times;K_{2i}\&times;K_{3i}}---\left(8\right)$

Wherein K_1iFor the regulations speed perunit value of energy-storage system, typically take 1, K_1iWeigh is this energy-storage system practical adjustments speed Degree to which compared with its standard speed that should reach；K_2iStablize later degree of regulation for energy-storage system response, be real Exerting oneself and the difference that sets between exerting oneself and the perunit value of setting value in border, typically takes 0.1, K_2iWeigh is the actual tune of energy-storage system Degree to which compared with saving the departure that departure allows to reach with it；K_3iFor electric energy management system (Energy Management System, EMS) send the response time of energy-storage system and the perunit value of standard response time after instruction, typically take 0.95, K_3i Weigh is this energy-storage system actual response time degree to which compared with standard response time；

The Utility of Energy P (E) utilizing energy-storage system to tackle power system frequency modulation demand is:

P (E)=C_EE_ESS+C_BE_BC (9)

C in formula_EFor energy storage electricity networking electricity price, unit/MW.h, C_BFor energy storage participate in power system frequency modulation auxiliary compensation expense, unit/ MW.h；

The environmental benefit utilizing energy-storage system reply power system frequency modulation demand is embodied in: energy-storage system storage wind-powered electricity generation itself Reduction of discharging benefit J (E) that electricity brings:

J (E)=C_f×E_ESS (10)

In formula, C_fProcessing cost for fired power generating unit production unit electric energy discharge waste gas；

Consider safe operation of power system and the Utility of Energy of energy-storage system, environmental benefit, energy-storage system self investment with And the operation and maintenance cost of energy-storage system, then the income of energy-storage system is calculated as follows:

S (E)=P (E)+J (E)-EC_R-PC_G-EM (11)

In formula, S is the income of energy-storage system, unit；E is the capacity configuration of energy-storage system, MW h；P is the frequency modulation phase of energy-storage system Between maximum charge-discharge electric power, MW；C_RFor the capacity price of energy-storage system, unit/MW h；C_GFor the power price of energy-storage system, unit/ MW；M is energy-storage system operation and maintenance cost, unit/MW h/ time.