CN106094736A - Numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method - Google Patents
Numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106094736A CN106094736A CN201610761447.XA CN201610761447A CN106094736A CN 106094736 A CN106094736 A CN 106094736A CN 201610761447 A CN201610761447 A CN 201610761447A CN 106094736 A CN106094736 A CN 106094736A
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- oil film
- film thickness
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- workbench
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/414—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
- G05B19/4147—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller characterised by using a programmable interface controller [PIC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/34—Director, elements to supervisory
- G05B2219/34013—Servocontroller
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
nullThe invention discloses a kind of numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method,Including digital control system PLC and hydraulic servo proportioning valve,Characterized by further comprising detection sensor and microprocessor,Concretely comprising the following steps of the control method of oil film thickness: set up the mathematical model between workbench load and digital control system theoretically,By the distance between photoelectric testing sensor detection workbench and guide rail,And the distance of detection is changed into the small electrical signals of microprocessor,Micro-signal of telecommunication is numerically reached in digital control system by recycling microprocessor,Again by writing digital control system instruction hydraulic servo proportioning valve change control oil mass,And oil mass is input to rotary table,Now,Photoelectric testing sensor feeds back oil film thickness again to microprocessor,And oil film thickness is converted into during small electrical signals is input in digital control system,Reach Automatic adjusument oil film thickness,It is finally completed oil film control,The prominent effective load-bearing adding workbench and the effect of turning accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerical control machine tool technique field, specifically a kind of numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness side
Method.
Background technology
The development in Digit Control Machine Tool field is maked rapid progress, and founds car weight in reality and carries in workpiece fabrication, owing to processing workpiece is various
Changing, weight differs, to factors such as turntable pressure-bearing dynamics are different so that can only use conservative load-bearing scope in actual processing.And
Relying on the on-the-spot intervention of operator, its processing workpiece is limited in scope, and when turntable speed is slightly higher, then manual intervention be difficult to into
OK, the most easily lathe is produced infringement.Above-mentioned factor so that the proper efficiency of numerical control vertical lathe fails to play, in crudy
Aspect, unsuitable turntable floatation volume also can make machine finish be difficult to be controlled, should also be prevented from lathe in addition in turning
Impaired, it is to avoid turntable, workpiece and lathe damage because of overload.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of automaticity is high, control oil in real time
Film thickness, raising turntable load-bearing, the numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method of guarantee machining accuracy.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method, including digital control system PLC and hydraulic servo proportioning valve, its feature exists
In also including detection sensor and microprocessor, concretely comprising the following steps of the control method of oil film thickness:
One, by it was verified that there is certain non-linear relation with controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane in workbench load, when workpiece load-carrying increases
Time big, controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane will reduce therewith, so that machining accuracy reduces, otherwise, when workpiece load-carrying reduces, guide rail oil film
Thickness will increase therewith, so that machining accuracy improves, therefore, by measuring workbench and controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane and control oil film
Thickness can realize directly controlling workbench bearing capacity and the indirect control of turning accuracy;
Two, set up the mathematical model between workbench load and digital control system theoretically, be provided with between workbench and guide rail
Photoelectric testing sensor, by the distance between photoelectric testing sensor detection workbench and guide rail, and turns the distance of detection
The small electrical signals of chemical conversion microprocessor, during detection, photoelectric sensor within the specific limits, makes workbench load and leads
Rail oil film thickness keep linear relationship, with ensure detection linear accuracy, recycling microprocessor processes interference signal and
Variable rate signal in real time, and micro-signal of telecommunication is numerically reached in the PLC of digital control system, read micro-telecommunications at the PLC of digital control system
After count value, carried out the data analysis of signal numerical filtering by PLC program logarithm value, so that entering in control algolithm
Set-point is not undergone mutation, and postpones with the gradual amount of certain inertia, after having analyzed data, then by writing digital control system
PLC program set up mathematical formulae, then output result quantities deliver to hydraulic servo proportioning valve, by control system embed
Pid control algorithm calculates variable to be exported, and digital control system instruction hydraulic servo proportioning valve changes and controls oil mass, and by oil mass
Input to separator and capillary oil pipe oil supply system, export rotary table by capillary oil pipe oil supply system, now, photoelectricity
Detection sensor feeds back oil film thickness again to microprocessor, and oil film thickness is converted into small electrical signals is input to numerical control system
In pid control algorithm in system, reaching Automatic adjusument oil film thickness, be finally completed oil film control, prominent adds work
Effective load-bearing of platform and the effect of turning accuracy.
Mathematical formulae of the present invention includes the formula between photoelectric testing sensor and micro-signal of telecommunication, micro-signal of telecommunication and
Formula between pid algorithm and pid control algorithm formula, the formula between described photoelectric testing sensor and micro-signal of telecommunication
For:
Y=aX+b
Wherein a and b have passed through sensor parameter amount own
Y is the micro-signal of telecommunication being transported to PLC
X is the distance of sensor detection
When workbench load-carrying increases, X numerical value diminishes, and Y numerical value diminishes.
Formula between micro-signal of telecommunication of the present invention and pid algorithm is:
R(t)=cY2+dy+e
Wherein c d e numerical value derives from substantial amounts of experimental result
R (t) is the numerical value being transported in pid control algorithm
Y is the micro-signal of telecommunication being input to PLC;
(increase 500kg weight) when workbench load-carrying is continuously increased every time, the oil film thickness numerical value obtained, the most manually
Regulation output, to servo proportion, allows workbench oil film thickness be always held at 0.1mm, obtains micro-electricity by such mode
Curve between signal and PID set-point, is then converted into mathematical formulae and obtains corresponding constant c d e;
When workbench interpolation workpiece weight becomes big, oil film thickness diminishes, and the signal that range sensor is given diminishes, and is input to
The signal of PLC diminishes, thus carry out changing according to above-mentioned mathematical formulae so as to get numerical value become big, it is simple to pid control algorithm
Numerical value become big, effectively control oil film thickness, vice versa;
Described pid control algorithm formula is to be made up of the proportion adjustment differential equation, integral equation and differential regulation equation, wherein,
(1) differential equation of proportional controller is: y=KPe (t)
Y is actuator output;Kp is proportionality coefficient;E (t) is actuator input deviation
(2) integral equation is:
Wherein: TI is integration time constant, it represents the size of integrating rate,
Effect with the ratio that is integrated into of the output Yu input deviation that reach actuator;
(3) differential equation of differential regulator is:
In order to reach optimal control variable, forming PID regulator, the PID equation after optimization is:
Coding on the basis of this formula, for final output valve, and delivers to servo proportion, controls oil film thickness.
Due to the fact that employing said method, have that automaticity is high, control oil film thickness in real time, improve turntable load-bearing
With advantages such as machining accuracies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the control flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
A kind of numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method, including digital control system PLC and hydraulic servo proportioning valve, its feature exists
In also including detection sensor and microprocessor, concretely comprising the following steps of the control method of oil film thickness:
One, by it was verified that there is certain non-linear relation with controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane in workbench load, when workpiece load-carrying increases
Time big, controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane will reduce therewith, so that machining accuracy reduces, otherwise, when workpiece load-carrying reduces, guide rail oil film
Thickness will increase therewith, so that machining accuracy improves, therefore, by measuring workbench and controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane and control oil film
Thickness can realize directly controlling workbench bearing capacity and the indirect control of turning accuracy;
Two, set up the mathematical model between workbench load and digital control system theoretically, be provided with between workbench and guide rail
Photoelectric testing sensor, by the distance between photoelectric testing sensor detection workbench and guide rail, and turns the distance of detection
The small electrical signals of chemical conversion microprocessor, when detection, effectively measuring at 0.01mm---of described photoelectric testing sensor
Within the scope of 1.00mm, effectively detection output electric signal is in the range of the analog voltage of 0-10V, make workbench load with
Controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane keeps linear relationship, recycling microprocessor processes to disturb signal and real-time variable rate signal, and by micro-telecommunications
Count value is uploaded in the PLC of digital control system, and the PLC of digital control system gathered according to the time of each 0.1 second, in order to follow-up
Numerical value is changed, and after the PLC of digital control system reads micro-signal of telecommunication numerical value, carries out signal numerical value by PLC program logarithm value
The data analysis of filtering, so that the set-point entered in control algolithm is not undergone mutation, and is carried out with the gradual amount of certain inertia
Postponing, after having analyzed data, then set up mathematical formulae by writing the PLC program of digital control system, described mathematical formulae includes light
Formula between electro-detection sensor and micro-signal of telecommunication, the formula between micro-signal of telecommunication and pid algorithm and pid control algorithm
Formula, the formula between described photoelectric testing sensor and micro-signal of telecommunication is:
Y=aX+b
Wherein a and b have passed through sensor parameter amount own
Y is the micro-signal of telecommunication being transported to PLC
X is the distance of sensor detection
When workbench load-carrying increases, X numerical value diminishes, and Y numerical value diminishes.
Formula between micro-signal of telecommunication of the present invention and pid algorithm is:
R(t)=cY2+dy+e
Wherein c d e numerical value derives from substantial amounts of experimental result
R (t) is the numerical value being transported in pid control algorithm
Y is the micro-signal of telecommunication being input to PLC;
When workbench load-carrying is continuously increased, increases 500kg weight, the oil film thickness numerical value obtained the most every time, then pass through hands
Dynamic regulation output, to servo proportion, allows workbench oil film thickness be always held at 0.1mm, obtains micro-by such mode
Curve between the signal of telecommunication and PID set-point, is then converted into mathematical formulae and obtains corresponding constant c d e;
When workbench adds workpiece weight more than 500kg, oil film thickness diminishes, and the signal that range sensor is given diminishes, defeated
The signal entered to PLC diminishes, thus carry out changing according to above-mentioned mathematical formulae so as to get numerical value become big, it is simple to PID controls
The numerical value of algorithm becomes big, effectively controls oil film thickness, and vice versa;
Described pid control algorithm formula is to be made up of the proportion adjustment differential equation, integral equation and differential regulation equation, wherein,
(1) differential equation of proportional controller is: y=KPe (t)
Y is actuator output;Kp is proportionality coefficient;E (t) is actuator input deviation
(2) integral equation is:
Wherein: TI is integration time constant, it represents the size of integrating rate,
Effect with the ratio that is integrated into of the output Yu input deviation that reach actuator;
(3) differential equation of differential regulator is:
In order to reach optimal control variable, forming PID regulator, the PID equation after optimization is:
Coding on the basis of this formula, then output result quantities delivers to hydraulic servo proportioning valve, by control system
The pid control algorithm embedded calculates variable to be exported, and digital control system instruction hydraulic servo proportioning valve changes and controls oil mass, and
Oil mass is inputed to separator and capillary oil pipe oil supply system, exports rotary table by capillary oil pipe oil supply system, this
Time, photoelectric testing sensor feeds back oil film thickness again to microprocessor, and oil film thickness is converted into small electrical signals input
In pid control algorithm in digital control system, reach Automatic adjusument oil film thickness, be finally completed oil film control, prominent increasing
Effective load-bearing and the effect of turning accuracy of workbench are added.
Due to the fact that employing said method, have that automaticity is high, control oil film thickness in real time, improve turntable load-bearing
With advantages such as machining accuracies.
Claims (3)
1. a numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method, including digital control system PLC and hydraulic servo proportioning valve, its feature
It is also to include detecting sensor and microprocessor, concretely comprising the following steps of the control method of oil film thickness:
One, by it was verified that there is certain non-linear relation with controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane in workbench load, when workpiece load-carrying increases
Time big, controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane will reduce therewith, so that machining accuracy reduces, otherwise, when workpiece load-carrying reduces, guide rail oil film
Thickness will increase therewith, so that machining accuracy improves, therefore, by measuring workbench and controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane and control oil film
Thickness can realize directly controlling workbench bearing capacity and the indirect control of turning accuracy;
Two, set up the mathematical model between workbench load and digital control system theoretically, be provided with between workbench and guide rail
Photoelectric testing sensor, by the distance between photoelectric testing sensor detection workbench and guide rail, and turns the distance of detection
The small electrical signals of chemical conversion microprocessor, during detection, photoelectric sensor, in the range of certain measurement, makes workbench load
Linear relationship, recycling microprocessor processes is kept to disturb signal and real-time variable rate signal with controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane, and by micro-electricity
Signal numerically reaches in the PLC of digital control system, after the PLC of digital control system reads micro-signal of telecommunication numerical value, by writing PLC journey
Ordered pair numerical value carries out the data analysis of signal numerical filtering, after having analyzed data, then builds by writing the PLC program of digital control system
Vertical mathematical formulae, then output result quantities delivers to hydraulic servo proportioning valve, by the pid control algorithm meter embedded in control system
Calculating variable to be exported, digital control system instruction hydraulic servo proportioning valve changes and controls oil mass, and oil mass is inputed to separator
With capillary oil pipe oil supply system, exporting rotary table by capillary oil pipe oil supply system, now, photoelectric testing sensor is again
Secondary feedback oil film thickness is to microprocessor, and oil film thickness is converted into the PID control that small electrical signals is input in digital control system
In algorithm processed, reach Automatic adjusument oil film thickness, be finally completed oil film control.
A kind of numerical control vertical lathe turntable oil film thickness method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described mathematics
Formula includes the formula between photoelectric testing sensor and micro-signal of telecommunication, formula between micro-signal of telecommunication and pid algorithm and
Pid control algorithm formula, the formula between described photoelectric testing sensor and micro-signal of telecommunication is:
Y=aX+b
Wherein a and b have passed through sensor parameter amount own
Y is the micro-signal of telecommunication being transported to PLC
X is the distance of sensor detection
When workbench load-carrying increases, X numerical value diminishes, and Y numerical value diminishes.
Formula between micro-signal of telecommunication the most of the present invention and pid algorithm is:
R(t)=cY2+dy+e
Wherein c d e numerical value derives from substantial amounts of experimental result
R (t) is the numerical value being transported in PID control algolithm
Y is the micro-signal of telecommunication being input to PLC;
(increase 500kg weight) when workbench load-carrying is continuously increased every time, the oil film thickness numerical value obtained, the most manually
Regulation output, to servo proportion, allows workbench oil film thickness be always held at 0.1mm, obtains micro-electricity by such mode
Curve between signal and PID set-point, is then converted into mathematical formulae and obtains corresponding constant c d e;
When workbench interpolation workpiece weight becomes big, oil film thickness diminishes, and the signal that range sensor is given diminishes, and is input to
The signal of PLC diminishes, thus carry out changing according to above-mentioned mathematical formulae so as to get numerical value become big, it is simple to pid control algorithm
Numerical value become big, effectively control oil film thickness, vice versa;
Described pid control algorithm formula is to be made up of the proportion adjustment differential equation, integral equation and differential regulation equation, wherein,
(1) differential equation of proportional controller is: y=KPe (t)
Y is actuator output;Kp is proportionality coefficient;E (t) is actuator input deviation
(2) integral equation is:
Wherein: TI is integration time constant, it represents the size of integrating rate;
(3) differential equation of differential regulator is:
In order to reach optimal control variable, forming PID regulator, the PID equation after optimization is:
Coding on the basis of above-mentioned formula, for final output valve, and delivers to servo proportion, controls oil film thick
Degree.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109531267A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-03-29 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of machine tool static-pressure controlling thickness of guide rail oil membrane preparation method |
CN113857695A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2021-12-31 | 武汉威士登智能控制技术有限公司 | CNC _ Z-axis laser cutting follow-up control algorithm |
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CN113857695A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2021-12-31 | 武汉威士登智能控制技术有限公司 | CNC _ Z-axis laser cutting follow-up control algorithm |
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Application publication date: 20161109 |