CN106093598A - A kind of electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system and method - Google Patents
A kind of electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106093598A CN106093598A CN201610391279.XA CN201610391279A CN106093598A CN 106093598 A CN106093598 A CN 106093598A CN 201610391279 A CN201610391279 A CN 201610391279A CN 106093598 A CN106093598 A CN 106093598A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0871—Complete apparatus or systems; circuits, e.g. receivers or amplifiers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0892—Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system and method.This measurement system, including many repetitions light-pulse generator, mixer device and signal acquisition process unit；This measurement system accurately calculates the characteristic informations such as the acquisition frequency of measured signal, phase place, intensity and variable quantity thereof by the low bandwidth mixed frequency signal that measurement many repetitions light-pulse generator and measured signal generate in mixer device.Native system has simple in construction, certainty of measurement height, low cost, can measure the advantages such as the frequency range of signal is huge, is applicable to each electromagnetism spectral coverage from microwave, millimeter wave, Terahertz or even light wave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fields of measurement, particularly relate to a kind of electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system and method.
Background technology
Electromagnetic signal feature measurement all has important for application such as scientific research, commercial measurement, modern communications, military investigations
Meaning.The most common needs to measure high-frequency electromagnetic signal measurement system, and high-frequency signal is turned by the method for usual employing down coversion
It is changed to low frequency signal, then measures, but the unknown or signal of wideband for frequency range, often cannot determine lower change
The multiple of frequency, it is impossible to select fixing down coversion device accurately to measure, particularly cannot be to the signal in big frequency range
Measure.
Pulsed laser light source can export the pulse signal with constant time period, at frequency domain, is then a series of
Having the frequency comb of fixed interval, these fixed interval are exactly repetition rate (repetition) f of light pulser.The electromagnetism that frequency is unknown
Signal can with distance in these frequency comb it nearest one, i.e. frequency is mfrSpectral line, be mixed, thus down coversion
To frIn/2 bands below.We can measure the frequency of the low frequency signal after obtaining down coversion, amplitude, phase place or its change
The information such as change.The frequency spectrum width of light pulse signal, with by direct current signal is modulated produce sideband quantity of formation limited one
A little spectral line comb are compared, and it can cover the biggest electromagnetic spectrum scope easily.
But, if needed by the anti-information pushing back electromagnetic signal to be measured of these information, on the one hand, need accurately to measure weight
The information of frequency, on the other hand, it is to be appreciated that and electromagnetic signal to be measured carries out being mixed is which bar frequency comb spectral line, i.e. the number of m
Value, but use a light pulse signal, in the case of obtaining a mixed frequency signal, it is impossible to obtain the numerical value of m.If able to
Time have the different multiple light pulse signals of repetition and electromagnetic signal to be measured to be mixed, it is possible to obtain multiple mixed frequency signal, enter
And obtain the numerical value of m, thus obtain the relevant information of electromagnetic signal to be measured.
The research worker such as before Japanese Yasui propose to use two separate mode-locked laser light sources, two locked modes
The pulse recurrence frequency of LASER Light Source slightly difference, incides two photoconductive antennas respectively, can realize fixing single-frequency continuous
The real time frequency measurement of THz wave.But, apply two independent light-pulse generators to add complexity and the cost of system.
Use and a direct current light is divided into two-way, carry out the modulation of different frequency respectively, two sets can be formed there is different frequency
The spectrum of rate interval spectral line, utilizes the spectrum so with different frequency interval spectral line can obtain with measured signal beat frequency respectively
Obtain measured signal information necessarily.But the negligible amounts of the modulation spectral line that its spectral coverage is limited, produce, it is difficult to high frequency
Signal (such as THz or lightwave signal) measures, simultaneously because modulating frequency is the highest, so beat signal bandwidth is the most relatively
Greatly, data acquisition is more difficult.Simultaneously different from the signal that resonator cavity produces, the signal to noise ratio of the signal frequency side band that modulation produces is poor, shadow
Ring the quality of beat signal.
Utilize the modal dispersion in same optical cavity, polarization mode dispersion, birefringence, chromatic dispersion, nonlinear effect
Or the difference in locked mode mechanism, it is achieved resonator cavity exports simultaneously to be had the pulsed light of multiple different repetition rate and then solves
The difficulty of said method.Adopt the many repetitions light-pulse generator realized in this way to be applied in electromagnetic signal feature measurement, permissible
The information such as frequency, amplitude, phase place and its change to broadband time-varying electromagnetic signal are measured accurately, and this system is compared
In traditional method for electromagnetically measuring, there is simple in construction, the integrated advantage such as good.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system and side
Method.
The invention provides a kind of electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system, including many repetitions light-pulse generator, measured signal, mixing
Device, pulse repetition measurement apparatus and data acquisition process unit；Wherein many repetitions light-pulse generator generates and has two or more weight
The pulsed light of frequency；Many repetitions pulsed light and measured signal that many repetitions light-pulse generator generates are mixed in mixer device, and produce
Two or more frequency is not more than in many repetitions pulsed light the mixed frequency signal of the half of maximum repetition；Pulse repetition measurement apparatus is measured
Obtain repetition numerical value and its relative intensity of each light pulse of many repetitions light-pulse generator output；Data acquisition process unit is simultaneously
The repetition information that the mixed frequency signal of collection mixer device generation and pulse repetition measurement apparatus measurement obtain, processes through data and obtains
Obtain the characteristic of measured signal.
In one example, measured signal is not directly entered mixer device, but first passes through light intensity modulator, light
Phase-modulator, light polarization modulator, nonlinear crystal, nonlinear optical fiber, nonlinear waveguide, acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulation
The combination of one or more in device, modulates in the direct current light that a direct current light light source produces, and forms measured signal 2, to be measured
Signal 2 again with many repetitions light-pulse generator generate many repetitions pulsed light further in mixer device be mixed, and produce two with
Upper frequency is not more than in many repetitions pulsed light the mixed frequency signal of the half of maximum repetition；Pulse repetition measurement apparatus measurement obtains many
The repetition numerical value of each light pulse of repetition light-pulse generator output and its relative intensity；Data acquisition process unit gathers mixed simultaneously
The repetition information that the mixed frequency signal of device generation frequently and pulse repetition measurement apparatus measurement obtain, processes acquisition through data to be measured
The characteristic of signal.
In one example, many repetitions light-pulse generator only comprises a resonator cavity, generates in this resonator cavity simultaneously
The pulsed light of two or more repetition；Owing to these multiple pulsed lights have different pattern, polarization state, centre wavelength, transmission direction
Or the characteristic such as nonlinear effect, utilize pulse due to the modal dispersion in resonator cavity, polarization mode dispersion, birefringence, colourity color
Dissipate, difference in nonlinear effect or locked mode mechanism, produce different transmission delays or the phase place of pulse, it is achieved at a resonator cavity
Middle generation simultaneously has the light pulse of multiple different repetition rates.On frequency domain, the light pulse with fixing repetition rate is exactly
A series of with the frequency comb that this repetition rate is interval, many repetitions pulse that many repetitions light-pulse generator exports is exactly many groups to be had not
The frequency comb that the comb at same frequency interval is constituted.
In one example, many repetitions light-pulse generator can be mode-locked laser, utilizes modal dispersion in resonator cavity, polarization
Difference in mode dispersion, birefringence, chromatic dispersion, nonlinear effect or locked mode mechanism, it is achieved a light-pulse generator output is multiple
The pulse of different repetition rates.
In one example, many repetitions light-pulse generator can also use micro-resonator to realize.Under DC light source pumping
Micro-resonator passes through nonlinear optical effect, such as optical kerr effect etc., it is achieved many repetitions pulse exports.This many repetitions pulsed light
Source may utilize the refractive index slightly difference of the different modes of resonance of micro-resonator, namely there is modal dispersion or polarization dispersion,
Output simultaneously has the light pulse of different repetition rate.
In one example, measured signal includes each spectral coverage from millimeter wave to light wave, can be simple signal, it is possible to
To be the broadband signal of time-varying.
In one example, mixer device is optical mixer unit and the combination of photoelectric detector or photoconductive antenna.Mixing
After the frequency-region signal that obtains be by that comb nearest with measured signal frequency distance in the pulse signal of each repetition respectively
Obtaining with measured signal mixing, therefore the frequency of each mixed frequency signal is less than the half of pulsed light repetition maximum.Each is heavy
The light pulse signal of frequency can be mixed by different photomixing devices or photoconductive antenna and measured signal respectively, it is possible to
To be mixed in same photomixing device or photoconductive antenna.Different photomixing can be detected with same photodetector
The output of device, it is also possible to detect the output of each photomixing device with different photodetectors respectively.Same when using
When photomixing device or photoconductive antenna or photodetector, according to its information such as amplitude, frequency, different mixed frequency signals is led to
Cross algorithm to make a distinction.Mixer device can have the amplifier of low pass filter, amplifier or low bandwidth, to photoconductive antenna
Or the output signal of photodetector is filtered and amplifies, meet data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit for input electrical signal
Requirement.
When the electromagnetic signal that measured signal is terahertz wave band, mixer device can be photoconductive antenna or non-linear crystalline substance
Body or nonlinear device, many repetitions pulse signal that terahertz signal and many repetitions light-pulse generator export is mixed by it at frequency domain
Frequently.When measured signal is other band microwave signals, mixer device can be the combination of optical mixer unit and photodetector.
In one example, photomixing device is photoelectricity intensity modulator, electro-optic phase manipulator, light polarization modulator, non-
Linear crystal, acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulator, photo-coupler and combinations thereof.
In one example, each pulse that pulse repetition measurement apparatus real-time precision measurment many repetitions light-pulse generator sends
The repetition information of light.
In one example, pulse repetition measurement apparatus is photodetector and cymometer.
In one example, pulse repetition measurement apparatus includes reference frequency source, optical mixer unit and photodetector.Multiple
Frequently pulse signal and reference frequency source obtain mixed frequency signal in optical mixer unit, obtain low bandwidth through photodetector detection
Mixed frequency signal.Here low bandwidth refers to that frequency is less than pulsed light repetition maximum half.Mixed frequency signal according to low bandwidth
Each light pulse repetition rate and relative is obtained with Processing Algorithm through the measurement equipment such as enumerator, cymometer or data acquisition unit
The information such as amplitude, phase place.
In one example, data acquisition process unit according to the repetition information of many repetitions each pulsed light of light-pulse generator with
The frequency of two or more mixed frequency signal of mixer device generation, amplitude, phase place, be calculated the frequency of measured signal, amplitude, phase
Position or its variable quantity.
The invention provides a kind of electromagnetic signal characteristic measurement method, including:
Step 1, many repetitions light-pulse generator generates the pulsed light of two or more repetition；
Step 2, many repetitions pulsed light that many repetitions light-pulse generator is generated and measured signal input mixer device, generation two
Individual frequencies above is not more than in many repetitions pulsed light the mixed frequency signal of the half of maximum repetition；
Step 3, the many repetitions pulsed light input pulse repetition measurement apparatus simultaneously many repetitions light-pulse generator generated, it is thus achieved that
The repetition information of each pulsed light；
Step 4, data collection processor part produce with mixer device according to the repetition of many repetitions each pulsed light of light-pulse generator
The frequency of two or more mixed frequency signal of life, amplitude, phase place, be calculated the frequency of measured signal, amplitude, phase place or its change
Amount.
In one example, in step 2, measured signal can be first passed through light intensity modulator, optical phase modulator,
One in light polarization modulator, nonlinear crystal, nonlinear optical fiber, nonlinear waveguide, acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulator or
Several combinations, modulates in the direct current light that a direct current light light source produces, forms measured signal 2, then by many repetitions pulsed light
Many repetitions pulsed light that source generates and measured signal 2 are input to mixer device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Come below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of dual wavelength mode-locked laser, and wherein 2-1 is pumping laser pipe, and 2-2 is wavelength-division multiplex/isolation
Device, 2-3 is Polarization Controller, and 2-4 is CNT saturated absorbing body, and 2-5 is polarization splitting prism, and 2-6 is photo-coupler, 2-
7 is Er-doped fiber, and 2-8 is photo-coupler.；
Fig. 3 is the spectrogram of dual wavelength locked mode；
Fig. 4 is to use photodetector and the spectrogram of audiofrequency spectrometer observation dual wavelength locked mode；
Fig. 5 is the system construction drawing of example 1；
Fig. 6 is the system construction drawing of example 2；
Fig. 7 be in the case of the first the m article comb of two optical pulse frequency combs relative to the low frequency letter behind position and mixing
Number spectrum diagram；
Fig. 8 be in the case of the second the m article comb of two optical pulse frequency combs relative to the low frequency letter behind position and mixing
Number spectrum diagram；
Fig. 9 be in the case of the third the m article comb of two optical pulse frequency combs relative to the low frequency letter behind position and mixing
Number spectrum diagram；
Figure 10 is the system construction drawing of example 3；
Figure 11 is the system construction drawing of example 4；
Figure 12 is the system construction drawing of example 5；
Figure 13 is the time dependent song of low frequency signal frequency after example 5 middle width strip time-varying measured signal frequency and mixing
Line；
Figure 14 is the system construction drawing of example 6；
Detailed description of the invention
In the electromagnetic frequency measurement system of the present invention, use repetition light-pulse generator more than.This many repetitions light-pulse generator
Only comprise a resonator cavity, this resonator cavity generates the pulsed light of two or more repetition simultaneously；Due to these multiple pulses
Light has the characteristics such as different pattern, polarization state, centre wavelength, transmission direction or nonlinear effects, utilizes pulse due to resonance
Difference in the modal dispersion of intracavity, polarization mode dispersion, birefringence, chromatic dispersion, nonlinear effect or locked mode mechanism, produces arteries and veins
The different transmission delays of punching or phase place, it is achieved in a resonator cavity, produce the light arteries and veins with multiple different repetition rates simultaneously
Punching.
Many repetitions light-pulse generator in example can be a mode-locked laser, make use of and has filter effect in resonator cavity
Device and the chromatic dispersion of optical cavity, it is achieved light-pulse generator exports multiple different wave lengths, the pulse of different repetition rate
Light.In addition, it would however also be possible to employ there is the birefringent resonator cavity of intracavity and realize mode-locked laser, thus realize a pulse
Light source output has multiple different polarization states, the pulsed light of different repetition rate.Additionally, many repetitions light-pulse generator can also use
Micro-resonator realizes.Under DC light source pumping, micro-resonator passes through nonlinear optical effect, such as optical kerr effect etc., produces
The mode of frequency comb, it is achieved many repetitions light-pulse generator.This many repetitions light-pulse generator may utilize the different resonant modes of micro-resonator
, namely there is modal dispersion or polarization dispersion in the refractive index of formula slightly difference, output simultaneously has the light of different repetition rate
Pulse.
In the electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system of the present invention, photomixing devices use material behavior becomes with its input signal
The feature changed and change, it is achieved input signal changes light wave parameter, thus realizes pulsed light and input signal mixing on frequency domain
Frequently.The pulsed light that photomixing device exports is converted into the signal of telecommunication by photodetector.Here the bandwidth of photodetector can not
Repetition rate more than pulsed light.Mixing device can also be combined with photodetector, directly produces and is transfused to signal modulation
The corresponding signal of telecommunication of pulsed optical signals, such as photoconductive antenna.
Many repetitions light-pulse generator in the present invention can be through light-splitting device, by the pulsed light of each repetition separately, respectively
Enter the different photomixing devices in mixer device and the combination of photodetector, or respectively enter the photoelectricity in mixer device
Lead antenna obtains mixed frequency signal respectively.Light-splitting device selects mainly for the characteristic of many repetitions light-pulse generator output pulsed light
Select.If the pulsed light centre wavelength of each repetition is different, then light-splitting device is wave filter；If the pulsed light of each repetition is inclined
Shake difference, then light-splitting device is polarization mark device；
In many repetitions light-pulse generator in the present invention, the light pulse of each repetition can also be input simultaneously to without light splitting
In mixer device.
Pulse repetition measurement apparatus in the present invention can include photodetector and electricity cymometer.Additionally, pulse repetition
Measurement apparatus can also include reference frequency source, optical mixer unit and photodetector.Many repetitions pulse signal and reference frequency source
In optical mixer unit, obtain mixed frequency signal, obtain the mixed frequency signal of low bandwidth through photodetector detection.Here low bandwidth
Refer to that frequency is less than pulsed light repetition maximum half.Mixed frequency signal according to low bandwidth is measured through enumerator, cymometer etc.
Equipment or data acquisition unit obtain each light pulse repetition rate and the information such as relative amplitude, phase place with Processing Algorithm.
The mixer device used in example one to four is electro-optic intensity modulator and low bandwidth semiconductor photo detector.Root
Difference according to electromagnetic signal modulated light wave parameter, it is also possible to select electro-optic phase modulator, light polarization modulator, photoconduction sky
Line, nonlinear crystal, acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulator and combinations thereof.
Example 1
In this example, many repetitions light-pulse generator is a dual wavelength mode-locked laser, and structure chart is as shown in Figure 2.It uses
Er-doped fiber, is brought by the polarization beam apparatus of intracavity as mode-locking device as gain media, CNT saturated absorbing body
Filter effect, it is achieved at two central wavelength locked mode simultaneously, the chromatic dispersion existed due to the device such as optical fiber in optical cavity,
The group velocity of two wavelength is different, so the repetition rate of two wavelength pulse outputs is the most different.The spectrum of dual wavelength locked mode is such as
Shown in Fig. 3, use the spectrogram that photodetector and audiofrequency spectrometer observe as shown in Figure 4, it is seen that the repetition frequency of two pulsed lights
Rate is about 52.74MHz, repetition rate difference about 1.28kHz.The centre wavelength of dual wavelength locked mode is respectively 1532nm and 1544nm.
If the repetition rate of 1544nm wavelength pulse light is f1, the repetition rate of 1532nm wavelength pulse light is f2, due in optical fiber cavity
Total dispersion is anomalous dispersion, has f1<f2。
This instance system structure chart is as it is shown in figure 5, dual wavelength mode-locked laser is as many repetitions light-pulse generator.Exported
Dual wavelength pulse optical is divided into two-way through photo-coupler, and the light pulse of two wavelength is separated after optical filter by a road, weight
Frequency is f1Pulse enter the mixing device that electro-optic intensity modulator 1 and photodetector 1 constitute and produce mixed frequency signal fb1, weight
Frequency is f2Pulse enter the mixing device that electro-optic intensity modulator 2 and photodetector 2 constitute and produce mixed frequency signal fb2；Separately
One road input light intensity manipulator 3, photodetector 3 and data acquisition unit, obtain each light pulse through Processing Algorithm and repeat
Frequency and the information such as relative amplitude, phase place.Mixed frequency signal is gathered by data acquisition process unit, and above-mentioned pulse repetition information warp
Cross process and calculate information such as obtaining the frequency of measured signal, amplitude and phase place.
In this example, the modulation bandwidth of electro-optic intensity modulator is not less than the highest frequency of its input electrical signal, for
10GHz.Photodetector, for low bandwidth semiconductor photo detector, its bandwidth far below measured signal frequency but ensure its
Enough responses are had at the half of the maximum of the repetition rate of many repetitions light-pulse generator output pulsed light.Data acquisition process unit
Using NI PXI-5122 A/D data collecting card, its real-time sample rate is 100MS/s, and sample rate is more than f2, use related software
The data collected are processed.
In this example, reference frequency signal frSinusoidal signal for 3GHz.The general frequency of already known pulsed light, passes through
Calculate, closest to reference frequency signal f in the frequency comb of two pulsed light generationsrComb be respective 57th article of frequency
Rate comb, i.e. n=57.And reference frequency signal frFrequency less than the 57th article of frequency comb.Above-mentioned two optical frequency comb and base
Quasi-frequency signal frMixed frequency signal near 6.18MHz, two beat frequency differences are 72.96KHz.In a certain instantaneous moment, data
Data are processed by harvester sample record mixing data, obtain the beat frequency f that reference frequency signal mixing producesbr1=
6355263.02Hz、fbr2=6428489.03Hz.Due to frF is utilized less than the 57th article of frequency comb1=(fr+fbr1)/n、f2=
(fr+fbr2)/n can draw, the repetition rate instantaneous value in these two light pulses of moment is respectively f1=52743074.79Hz,
f2=52744359.46Hz.And f can be obtainedbr1Amplitude more than fbr2Amplitude, therefore f1Amplitude more than f2Amplitude,
Above-mentioned repetition information is supplied to data acquisition process unit.
In the above-mentioned moment, data acquisition process unit gathers the mixed frequency signal of mixer device output, carries out data quickly
Fourier transformation, frequency domain filtering, inversefouriertransform and Hilbert transform, and obtain frequency with Hilbert transform in 10ms
Average as the instantaneous frequency values in this moment, fb1=6735456.64Hz, fb2=6691778.78Hz.Two pulsed light letters
Number frequency comb in the nearest comb of distance measured signal be denoted as respective the m article comb, draw m=(fb1-fb2)/(f2-f1)
=33.9993, the most adjacent round rear m=34.Calculate f furtherx=fb1+m*f1=1799999999.49Hz.At 200 seconds
Time in measure continuously, it is thus achieved that the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 200 frequency measurement be 1800000000.09Hz, standard deviation is
0.51Hz.Measured signal fxSinusoidal signal for the 1.8GHz of signal generator output.Therefore error is 0.09Hz, and accuracy is
5x10-11。
Example 2
As shown in Figure 6, many repetitions light-pulse generator is dual wavelength mode-locked laser to this instance system structure chart, and example 1 phase
With.The many dual wavelength pulse opticals exported are divided into two-way through photo-coupler, and a road signal and measured signal are through strong by electric light
The mixing device that degree manipulator 1 and photodetector 1 are constituted produces two mixed frequency signal fb1And fb2.Another road input light intensity
Degree manipulator 2, photodetector 2 and data acquisition unit, obtain each light pulse repetition rate and relative width through Processing Algorithm
The information such as degree, phase place.Mixed frequency signal is gathered by data acquisition process unit, and above-mentioned pulse repetition information calculates through processing
Obtain the information such as the frequency of measured signal, amplitude and phase place.
The light pulse of two repetitions and simultaneously produce mixed frequency signal in an electro-optic intensity modulator in this example, two
The comb that in optical pulse frequency comb, distance measured signal is nearest is denoted as respective the m article comb.Behind its relative position and mixing
The spectrum diagram of low frequency signal is as shown in Fig. 7,8,9.In the figure 7, measured signal frequency is higher than the m article comb, has fb1=fx-
m*f1, fb2=fx-m*f2, m=(fb1-fb2)/(f2-f1), m is the most adjacent to be rounded.Thus obtain measured signal frequency fx=fb1+m*
f1.In fig. 8, measured signal frequency is less than the m article comb.There is fb1=m*f1-fx, fb2=m*f2-fx, m=(fb1-fb2)/(f1-
f2), m is the most adjacent to be rounded.Thus obtain measured signal frequency fx=m*f1-fb1.In fig .9, measured signal frequency is higher than repeating frequency
Rate is f1The m article comb of frequency comb of producing of pulsed light, be f less than repetition rate2Pulsed light produce the of frequency comb
M bar comb.There is fb1=fx-m*f1, fb2=m*f2-fx, m=(fb1+fb2)/(f2-f1), m is the most adjacent to be rounded.Thus obtain to be measured
Signal frequency fx=fb1+m*f1.Measured by above-mentioned repetition and obtain f1And f2Exact value after, calculate measured signal
Frequency fx。
Example 3
As shown in Figure 10, many repetitions light-pulse generator is palarization multiplexing mode-locked laser to this instance system structure chart, i.e. utilizes
Birefringence in optical cavity so that two pulsed light polarizations of locked mode are vertical simultaneously, and repetition is different.Two exported
The pulsed light of polarization is divided into two-way through photo-coupler, and two light pulses polarized are separated by a road through polarization beam splitter prism,
Repetition is f1Pulse enter the mixing device that light intensity modulator 1 and photodetector 1 constitute and produce mixed frequency signal fb1, weight
Frequency is f2Pulse enter the mixing device that light intensity modulator 2 and photodetector 2 constitute and produce mixed frequency signal fb2；Another
Road input photodetector 3 and cymometer, obtain each light pulse repetition rate and the information such as relative amplitude, phase place.Mixing letter
Number gathered by data acquisition process unit, and above-mentioned pulse repetition information obtains the frequency of measured signal, width through processing to calculate
The information such as degree and phase place.
Example 4
As shown in figure 11, many repetitions light-pulse generator is that micro-resonator bifrequency combs light source, output to this instance system structure chart
Many double frequencies comb light be divided into two-way through photo-coupler, a road signal and measured signal are through by electro-optic intensity modulator 1 and light
The mixing device that electric explorer 1 is constituted produces two mixed frequency signal fb1And fb2.Another road input electro-optic intensity modulator 2, quilt
Reference frequency signal is modulated, then incoming frequency meter obtains each light pulse repetition rate and the information such as relative amplitude, phase place.Mixing
Signal is gathered by data acquisition process unit, and the frequency of above-mentioned pulse repetition information process process calculating acquisition measured signal,
The information such as amplitude and phase place.
Example 5
As shown in figure 12, measured signal is the wide range signal of frequency time-varying to this instance system structure chart.Dual wavelength locked mode swashs
Light device is as many repetitions light-pulse generator.The dual wavelength pulse optical exported is divided into two-way through photo-coupler, and a road is filtered through light
After ripple device by the light pulse of two wavelength separately, repetition is f1Pulse and modulated in electro-optic intensity modulator by measured signal
Optical signal be mixed in photo-coupler 2, its mixing after signal detected by photodetector 1, obtain mixed frequency signal fb1, frequency
For f2Pulse and the optical signal modulated in electro-optic intensity modulator by measured signal be mixed in photo-coupler 3, its mixing
After signal detected by photodetector 2, obtain mixed frequency signal fb2；Another road input photodetector 3 and cymometer obtain respectively
Individual light pulse repetition rate and the information such as relative amplitude, phase place.Mixed frequency signal is gathered by data acquisition process unit, and above-mentioned arteries and veins
Rush repetition information through processing the information such as obtaining the frequency of measured signal, amplitude and phase place that calculates.
In this example, data process and include wavelet transformation or Hilbert transform or Hilbert-Huang transform or Fourier
Conversion and Fourier inversion, the time dependent mixing frequencies obtained and calculated measured signal frequency curve, as
Shown in Figure 13.
Example 6
As shown in figure 14, measured signal is direct current light signal to this instance system structure chart.Dual wavelength mode-locked laser conduct
Many repetitions light-pulse generator.The dual wavelength pulse optical exported is divided into two-way through photo-coupler, and a road will after optical filter
Separately, repetition is f in the light pulse of two wavelength1Pulse and measured signal be mixed in photo-coupler 3, its mixing after signal
Detected by photodetector 1, obtain mixed frequency signal fb1, frequency is f2Pulse and be mixed in photo-coupler 4 by measured signal,
Signal after its mixing is detected by photodetector 2, obtains mixed frequency signal fb2；Another road input photodetector 3 and cymometer
Obtain each light pulse repetition rate and the information such as relative amplitude, phase place.Mixed frequency signal is gathered by data acquisition process unit, and
Above-mentioned pulse repetition information is through processing the information such as obtaining the frequency of measured signal, amplitude and phase place that calculates.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope is not limited thereto.Any
The technical staff in field, in technical scope disclosed by the invention, all can carry out suitable being altered or varied to it, and this changes
Become or change all should be contained within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system, it is characterised in that include many repetitions light-pulse generator, mixer device, pulse weight
Frequently measurement apparatus and data acquisition process unit；Wherein many repetitions light-pulse generator generates the pulsed light with two or more repetition；
Many repetitions pulsed light and measured signal that many repetitions light-pulse generator generates are mixed in mixer device, and produce two or more frequency
It is not more than the mixed frequency signal of the half of maximum repetition in many repetitions pulsed light；Pulse repetition measurement apparatus measurement obtains many repetitions arteries and veins
Wash repetition and the relative intensity of each light pulse of source output off；Data acquisition process unit gathers what mixer device generated simultaneously
The repetition information that mixed frequency signal and pulse repetition measurement apparatus measurement obtain, processes the characteristic obtaining measured signal through data.
2. electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that measured signal first passes through light intensity and adjusts
Device processed, optical phase modulator, light polarization modulator, nonlinear crystal, nonlinear optical fiber, nonlinear waveguide, acousto-optic modulator, magnetic
The combination of one or more in photomodulator, modulates in the direct current light that a direct current light light source produces, forms measured signal
2, many repetitions pulsed light that measured signal 2 and many repetitions light-pulse generator generate is mixed further in mixer device, and produces two
Individual frequencies above is not more than in many repetitions pulsed light the mixed frequency signal of the half of maximum repetition.
3. electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that many repetitions light-pulse generator only comprises
Individual resonator cavity, generates the pulsed light of two or more repetition in this resonator cavity simultaneously；Owing to these multiple pulsed lights have difference
The characteristic such as pattern, polarization state, centre wavelength, transmission direction or nonlinear effect, utilize pulse due to the pattern in resonator cavity
Difference in dispersion, polarization mode dispersion, birefringence, chromatic dispersion, nonlinear effect or locked mode mechanism, produces the not simultaneous interpretation of pulse
Defeated time delay or phase place, it is achieved in a resonator cavity, produce the light pulse sequence with multiple different repetition rates simultaneously.
4. electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that mixer device is optical mixer unit and light
The combination of electric explorer part or photoconductive antenna.
5. mixer device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that optical mixer unit is light intensity modulator, light phase modulation
Device, light polarization modulator, nonlinear crystal, nonlinear optical fiber, nonlinear waveguide, acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulator, optical coupling
Device and combinations thereof.
6. electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that pulse repetition measurement apparatus is the most smart
Really measure the repetition information of each pulsed light that many repetitions light-pulse generator sends.
7. electromagnetic signal characteristic measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that data acquisition process unit is according to many
The frequency of two or more mixed frequency signal that the repetition information of repetition each pulsed light of light-pulse generator and mixer device produce, amplitude,
Phase place, is calculated the frequency of measured signal, amplitude, phase place or its variable quantity.
8. an electromagnetic signal characteristic measurement method, it is characterised in that including:
Step 1, many repetitions light-pulse generator generates the pulsed light of two or more repetition；
Step 2, many repetitions pulsed light and the measured signal input mixer device that many repetitions light-pulse generator is generated, produce two with
Upper frequency is not more than in many repetitions pulsed light the mixed frequency signal of the half of maximum repetition；
Step 3, the many repetitions pulsed light input pulse repetition measurement apparatus simultaneously many repetitions light-pulse generator generated, it is thus achieved that each
The repetition information of pulsed light；
Step 4, data collection processor part produce with mixer device according to the repetition information of many repetitions each pulsed light of light-pulse generator
The frequency of two or more mixed frequency signal of life, amplitude, phase place, be calculated the frequency of measured signal, amplitude, phase place or its change
Amount.
9. electromagnetic signal characteristic measurement method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in step 2, by measured signal first
By light intensity modulator, optical phase modulator, light polarization modulator, nonlinear crystal, nonlinear optical fiber, nonlinear waveguide,
The combination of one or more in acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulator, modulates in the direct current light that a direct current light light source produces,
Form measured signal 2, the more repetitions pulsed light many repetitions light-pulse generator generated is input to mixer device with measured signal 2.
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