CN106093467A - Power transmission network motion on-line monitoring system and safety evaluation method - Google Patents
Power transmission network motion on-line monitoring system and safety evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Power transmission network motion on-line monitoring system and safety evaluation method.Along with the construction of intelligent grid, need the motion to electrical network to carry out safe on-line monitoring, and to carry out sports safety assessment be the most necessary.Motion due to electrical network, the change of acceleration monitoring data will necessarily be caused, the size that acceleration information changes every time and these direction changed and persistent period, represent the situation of electrical network stress, that is to say the situation (amplitude more bulk power grid stress is the biggest) of amplitude of variation；After the acceleration information gathered is removed temperature drift and acceleration of gravity, the amplitude of exercise data is calculated, by the correlation analysis of acceleration being analyzed whether twist motion；Judge amplitude of variation trend by the derivative of amplitude again, be to become big or diminish, carry out sports safety assessment, be then sent to power system monitor processing center by wireless network；Meanwhile, power system monitor processing center carries out data process and analysis too, estimates electrical network kinematic parameter, and then evaluates degree of danger.The present invention is simply easily achieved, more accurately, more reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrical network motion monitoring and safety evaluation method, belong to inertia measurement, signal processing, channel radio
The multi-crossed disciplines technical fields such as news and safe practice.
Technical background
Electrical network (power transmission line and shaft tower) under the influence of the factor of natural environments such as wind, rain and snow, can cause transmission pressure and
The motion (translation and rotation) of steel tower, especially power transmission line can produce low frequency (0.1 ~ 3Hz), (peak swing can reach big amplitude
5 ~ 300 times of diameter of wire) self-excited vibration, these motions are to allow within limits, if it exceeds permissible value, hold
Easily causing alternate flashover, gold utensil to damage, cause line tripping to have a power failure or cause burn or the wire that fractures, shaft tower such as collapses at the serious thing
Therefore, then the safe operation of electricity net safety stable, equipment may be constituted great threat, heavy economic losses can be caused.With
The construction of intelligent grid, need the motion to electrical network to carry out safe on-line monitoring, and to carry out sports safety assessment be very must
Want.
At present electrical network motion monitoring is mainly used video sensor, around line sensor, GPS or differential GPS, grating sensing
Device (picking sensor), inertial sensor etc., be arranged on wire and tower bar, and carry out on wire multimetering realize fortune
Dynamic monitoring, research concentrates on waving motion-activated mechanism, the mathematical model of motion, preventing the side such as design of motion bracket of electrical network
Face.This patent design relates to the use of inertial sensor, and therefore emphasis is to using inertial sensor to power transmission line dynamic monitoring
Present situation is analyzed, as the patent of invention of Publication No. CN101470013B discloses a kind of overhead transmission line galloping monitoring side
Method and device, monitored by accelerometer multiple spot, with parameters such as the quantitative tracks monitoring overhead transmission line galloping；Publication number
The patent of invention of CN101571413B discloses transmission line galloping on-line monitoring system based on acceleration transducer, by adopting
Accekeration at the collection each monitoring point of transmission line of electricity, simulates the movement locus in transmission line of electricity each moment；Publication number
The patent of invention of CN102279084B discloses the localization method of Galloping of Overhead Transmission Line based on Micro Inertial Measurement Unit；Publication number
The patent of invention of CN102564493B discloses a kind of overhead transmission line galloping on-line monitoring system, and substation utilizes acceleration to pass
Line oscillation is accurately positioned by sensor；The patent of invention of publication No. CN104931002A discloses transmission line galloping track
Various dimensions monitoring system and monitoring method, used multiple radio inertia measuring unit to be separately positioned on wire, surveyed by inertia
The 3 D motion trace of amount unit measure traverse line.These devices above-mentioned or method use inertia measurement to realize the location of wire,
And then calculating orbiting motion (attitude and position), difficulty is the hugest, it is possible to realizing these functions needs navigation level inertia to lead
Boat system, volume and cost all can be very big, additionally inertia measurement disadvantage is that initial value and the mistake of accumulation over time
Difference meeting increasing (if using integration), causes finally cannot measuring.Also have and multiple measuring units are directly installed on
Idea on wire is no doubt fine, but is difficult to carry out；Additionally being wirelessly transferred will necessarily be by electromagnetic interference (because from wire too
Closely).
MEMS inertial sensor has the advantages such as volume is little, low in energy consumption, resistance to shock is good, and reliability height, especially price are low,
In military and civilian field, application is quite varied.Although electrical network motion includes that (amplitude and frequency all can be sent out for the motion of various complexity
Changing), but electrical network prejudicial be exactly mainly amplitude and torsion and the frequency of electrical network motion, the heaviest as track
Want, only it is to be understood that amplitude, torsion and frequency and time of vibration just can predict that electrical network, either with or without danger, can also instruct such as equally
What uses partition adjustable rod to prevent electrical network from moving, because measuring track is that requirement is the highest really, additionally multimetering is difficult to reality
Existing.The most how to measure amplitude and torsion and frequency is most critical.Additionally also have air speed data, wind direction data, temperature
The monitoring of data, humidity data, rainfall data, barometric information, optical emission data and load data, does not the most supervise on shaft tower
Surveying, other means are easily achieved.A kind of power transmission network of based on MEMS triaxial accelerometer motion monitoring system is designed for this
System, emphasis realizes the estimation of kinematic parameter by data analysis, and then assesses power grid security grade and how for preventing electrical network from transporting
Move and advise, prevent occurring or reducing the loss that disaster causes to greatest extent of disaster.
Summary of the invention
Mems accelerometer, wireless telecommunications and signal processing technology is it is an object of the invention to combine, design
A kind of power transmission network motion on-line monitoring system based on MEMS triaxial accelerometer, and then commented by data analysis and process
Estimate the safety of motion.
Electrical network motion monitoring system includes motion monitoring node, wireless transport module and antenna, hollow elasticity bar and monitoring
Processing center.
Use accelerometer and thermometer, dsp processor and wireless transport module and antenna configuration power transmission network monitoring joint
Point, is fixed on hollow elasticity bar one end monitoring node, elastic rod is fixed on shaft tower, and each node carries out numeral volume
Code, i.e. represents the position of monitoring node.
Due to plurality of advantages, the exercise data of power transmission network such as the volume of mems accelerometer is little, low in energy consumption and price is low
Use MEMS triaxial accelerometer, but MEMS gyroscope data process excessively complicated and limited precision, it is difficult to measure shaft tower and
The torsion running of power transmission line, but torsion (rotation) fortune of electrical network is measured by the coupling correlation analysis between 3-axis acceleration
Dynamic.
Owing to mems accelerometer is that silicon materials make, being affected bigger by ambient temperature, data need to carry out temperature
Compensation deals.
The processor of monitoring node selects the dsp processor that processing speed is higher, with the memorizer of certain capacity, record
Motion, it is possible to exercise data is compared and the change of analytical data.
Press close to electromagnetic interference near power transmission line big, use enhancement mode Wifi transmission data.
The elastic rod of hollow uses one to be to make transmitting antenna and wire have a certain distance, reduces electromagnetic interference, and two
It is that monitoring node installs elastic rod one end, owing to actual monitoring node is difficult to be arranged on wire, but monitoring can not be reduced
Ability, in order to increase observing capacity, use the bar with certain elastic certain length.
Resilient lever length meets the area requirement of resonance, is to meet amplitude maximum during electrical network motion, farthest sensitive
Electrical network motion amplitude and variation tendency and frequency, owing to electrical network frequency of vibration is less and be change, will not make elastic rod shatter.
Power supply uses current transformer, voltage transformer and reserve battery to constitute, and uses mutual inductance when power transmission network has electricity
Device is directly powered after over commutation and transformation, uses reserve battery to power when electrical network is without electricity.
There is the complex characteristics such as multi-dimensional nature, dynamic and strong noise due to monitoring node data, therefore at electrical network motion prison
During survey, it is impossible to enough obtain displacement or attitude judges the danger of electrical network by acceleration information is resolved, because this
Sample is the most complicated and cost is prohibitively expensive, it is only necessary to estimates motion amplitude, torsion and frequency and i.e. can determine whether the safety of electrical network, i.e. transports
Move the amplitude and variation tendency and frequency changed, including amplitude and the amplitude of torsion of translation, between many remote uses one
Directive function is had every rod and conductor spacer size.
From the point of view of motion composition, any motion all is become to be grouped into by different motion, and key finds out the main portion of motion
Divide several basic pattern further components.
The 3-axis acceleration data that monitoring node gathers, carry out Kalman filter process after carrying out temperature-compensating, then remove
After acceleration of gravity, carry out small echo or Local Wave Decomposition, analyze electrical network and move into and point include those component motions, including move
Amplitude and frequency.
The amplitude for motion bigger for electrical network motion (shaft tower deformation and shaft tower are outwelled) impact and frequency, including translation
And twist motion, wire and shaft tower are affected relatively big, need cross-couplings analysis to be correlated with by the coupled characteristic namely moved
Analyze.
Translation and twist motion cross-couplings analysis use the autocorrelation of X-axis and X-axis, Y-axis and Y-axis, Z axis and Z axis to divide
Analysis, X-axis and Y-axis, Y-axis and Z axis, Z axis and X-axis carry out cross-correlation analysis.
Due to the motion of electrical network, will necessarily cause the change of acceleration monitoring data, it is big that acceleration information changes every time
Little and the direction of these changes and persistent period, representing the situation of electrical network stress, (amplitude is the biggest to that is to say the situation of amplitude of variation
Electrical network stress is the biggest)；Assess amplitude by motion (including translation, rotation and the frequency) intensity of variation of Monitoring Data to move:
After the acceleration information gathered is removed temperature drift and acceleration of gravity, the amplitude of exercise data is calculated, by right
The correlation analysis of acceleration is analyzed whether twist motion；Judge amplitude of variation trend by the derivative of amplitude again, be to become big
Still diminish, carry out sports safety assessment, be then sent to power system monitor processing center by wireless network；Meanwhile, electrical network prison
Control processing center carries out data process and analysis too, estimates electrical network kinematic parameter, and then evaluates degree of danger；Set for this
Count a kind of sports safety appraisal procedure utilizing acceleration information intensity of variation and degree of correlation.
Sports safety appraisal procedure step is as follows:
(1) relatively big due to mems accelerometer temperature influence, need calibration compensation, accelerometer can be placed on static height
In cryostat, set different temperature, the operating temperature range of reality will be considered, calibrate the drift data under different temperatures,
Acceleration drift data A under the different temperatures of the i.e. i-th nodeiT(AiTx,AiTy,AiTz), wherein i is the i-th monitoring node, and T represents
Temperature, x, y, z represent three direction of principal axis of accelerometer.
(2) temperature acceleration drift data is stored in the flash storage of monitoring node.
(3) gather acceleration information by MEMS triaxial accelerometer, carry out temperature drift compensation: set acceleration information and adopt
Sample cycle Ts, the most often gather primary acceleration data A through a cyclei(mTs), use A to simplifyixM () represents, gathering
Acceleration signal remove the acceleration drift data A under different temperaturesiT(AiTx,AiTy,AiTz)。
(4) then every L data are one group, and for eliminating incidental error, often slip l number takes once average, then removes weight
Power acceleration obtains the acceleration information A caused by motioni(Aix,Aiy,Aiz), wherein, AiIt is the acceleration information of the i-th node,
Aix,Aiy,AizBe respectively node x, y, z-axis to acceleration information.
(5) having three axial translations and rotation due to electrical network motion, cause electrical network stress, acceleration can represent electrical network
Stress size or amplitude size, total size A of stressi 2=Aix 2+Aix 2+Aix 2Representing, x, y, z-axis is to power A being subject toix 2,
Aiy 2,Aiz 2Represent.
(6) to acceleration information Ai(Aix,Aiy,Aiz) converted or three axial fortune of wavelet transformation identification by section FFT
The frequency of vibration ω of dynamic signali(ωix,ωiy,ωiz), calculate three axial vibration period T according to vibration period T=2 π/ωi
(Tix,Tiy,Tiz)。
(7) in order to as far as possible the motion that three axial was included in the time, use at a cycle T=Tix+
Tiy+TizWithin slide calculate M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Value, if M=0 when electrical network does not moves, be not 0 when moving, assorted
Time the i.e. vibration amplitude of maximum maximum, namely it may happen that dangerous when；Due to node i it is known that i.e. know electrical network that
There is danger in position.
(8) by Continuous plus M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Electrical network motion change trend, the i.e. derivative of M are predicted in change
DM/dT, if dM/dT is positive number, i.e. amplitude increases；If dM/dT is negative, i.e. amplitude reduces；If dM/dT is big number, i.e. amplitude
Sharply increase or reduce.
(9) M is normalized, there is certain error owing to data and data process, therefore consider additional one
Individual error factor ε, i.e. the amplitude of the maximum variable shape for setting.
(10) in the component motion ingredient of electrical network, not only there is translation, it also occur that twist motion, reverse fortune
Dynamic meeting bring bigger threat to electrical network, and twist motion uses three axial components of accelerometer to carry out correlation analysis from phase
Close and cross-correlation analysis.
(11) twist motion time, X axis acceleration is changing to the acceleration of Y-axis or Z axis, or partially changes into Y-axis
Or the acceleration of Z axis, i.e. the acceleration generation cross-coupling movement of X, Y and Z, X and X, Y and Y, Z and Z-axis direction during rotational motion
Acceleration carry out autocorrelation analysis, X and Y, Y and Z, the axial acceleration of Z and X are carried out cross-correlation analysis.
(12) autocorrelation coefficient is、
With, wherein Rxx(m),Ryy(m),RzzM () is respectively X, Y and the acceleration of Z-axis direction
The autocorrelation coefficient of degree, Aix(n) and AixAnd A (n-m)iy(n-m)、Aiz(n) and Aiz(n-m) X, Y and Z of the i-th node it are respectively
Data when axial acceleration nth data and before m.
(13) cross-correlation coefficient is、
With, wherein Rxy(m),Ryz(m),RzxM () is respectively X and Y, Y and Z, Z and X-axis
To the cross-correlation coefficient of acceleration, Aix(n) and Aiy(n-m)、Aiy(n) and Aiz(n-m)、Aiz(n) and Aix(n-m) it is respectively
Data when X, Y of the i-th node and the acceleration nth data of Z-axis direction and before m.
(14) as autocorrelation coefficient Rxx(m),Ryy(m),RzzWhen () is big m, the acceleration that i.e. X, Y and Z are the most axial is with respective
Acceleration similarity degree on Zhou Xiang is high, illustrate X, Y and Z each axial on acceleration or oneself axial acceleration, explanation
Not converting, the most do not twist motion.
(15) as cross-correlation coefficient Rxy(m),Ryz(m),RzxWhen () is big m, acceleration that i.e. X, Y and Z are the most axial and other
Axial acceleration similarity degree is high, illustrate X, Y and Z each axial on acceleration there occurs Axial changes, namely there occurs
Twist motion.
(16) 0 < S < 0.3 explanations, within normal range, are considered as safety；0.4 < S < 0.6 explanation has certain danger,
Need to check；S > 0.7 explanation has bigger potential safety hazard, in need of immediate treatment.
(17) as | Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | < 0.3 translation is notable, when | Rxy(m),Ryz(m),Rzx(m) | < 0.3 reverses
The most notable；When 0.4 < | Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | < 0.6 and 0.4 < | Rxy(m),Ryz(m),Rzx(m) | < 0.6 translation and torsion
Motion is general；|Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | > 0.7 time translation notable, | Rxy(m),Ryz(m),Rzx(m) | > 0.7 torsion fortune
Dynamic notable.
(18) when motion amplitude is bigger, also twist motion is notable, illustrates that electrical network has at bigger security threat, more urgent need
Reason.
(19) if the node of serial number occurs similar motion change, illustrate that the electrical network of large area moves,
There is bigger potential safety hazard, need to go to check.
(20) by motion amplitude and the type of sports of data, Labview program Dynamic graphic display is used.
It is an advantage of the current invention that (1) the method is simply easily achieved, large and small type electricity grid network motion monitoring system can be constructed
System, can be mass, it is easy to construction, goes wrong and is prone to investigation；(2) by the data analysis of monitoring node, can estimate translation and
Rotate, and then estimate amplitude and frequency, for using conductor spacer to provide tutorial message；(3) sports safety appraisal procedure is directly adopted
Use acceleration information analysis, force analysis during namely electrical network motion, more direct than the method such as displacement, track of calculating,
More accurate, more reliable than going out to resolve appearance Angle Method again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the motion monitoring system structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the position installation diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the power module figure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the sports safety appraisal procedure flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As it is shown in figure 1, on-line monitoring node includes acceleration letter meter, thermometer, A/D conversion and amplifies, with necessarily depositing
The dsp processor of reservoir, wireless transport module and antenna, monitoring node, hollow elasticity bar and monitoring processing center constitute motion
Online monitoring system.
3-axis acceleration, in SPI interface is transferred to DSP, converts and processes, be then passed through wireless transport module
Monitoring processing center is sent with antenna.
Using MEMS ADL362 three axis accelerometer, the scope of measurement is ± 2 g, ± 4 g and ± 8 g, temperature sensing in sheet
Device and 12 AD conversion, noise as little as 175 g/Hz1/2, highest resolution is 1mg/LSB；Super low-power consumption, during 100 Hz 1.8
μ A, the motion-activated awakening mode of 3.0 μ A, 270nA, 10nA standby current during 400Hz, button cell can be used to power；Wide power
It is that 1.6V ~ 3.6V, 1.8V ~ 3.3V power with I/O voltage range, by external trigger degree of being accelerated sample-synchronous, SPI number
Word interface, can measure scope, small size (3mm × 3.25mm × 1.06 mm) by SPI command selection.
Owing to data need section FFT or wavelet transformation, need the processor that performance is higher, therefore use based on
TMS320C6713 kernel processor chip, has 32 high-speed floating point types, and clock highest frequency is 300MHz, maximum processing capability
2400MIPS can be reached, with jumbo memorizer, multiple serial communication interfaces, two 32 general purpose timers etc., can
Meet the collection to acceleration information and send data to wireless module.
Expose for a long time in external environment due to monitoring node, damp proof, shockproof, solar heat protection and anti-cold guarantor etc. need to be carried out and process, increase
Add protective layer.
The elastic rod of hollow uses stainless steel, and a length of 20 ~ 50cm, diameter 2cm, one section is fixed on shaft tower, separately
One section of stationary monitoring node, power line and holding wire are walked in centre, such as Fig. 2.
Power module includes current transformer and rectification circuit and voltage conversion circuit, rectification circuit and voltage conversion circuit
Within protective layer, charging to reserve battery, DSP, accelerometer and wifi module are powered, such as Fig. 3；Optional LMK-0.66 system
The current transformer of row model is empty, meets the demand of on-line monitoring system power, and when grid cut-off, reserve battery starts to supply
Electricity.
Radio communication uses Wifi USR-C322a module, and UART turns WIFI, a size of 22mm × 13.5mm × 6mm, low
Power consumption, built-in PCB antenna, can external external antenna.
External antenna uses 2.4+5G double frequency omnibearing high-gain enhancing signal antenna, when electrical network moves, i.e. accelerates the number of degrees
According to when reaching to a certain degree, external antenna also opens work, in case monitoring processing center can not be normally received signal.
After the acceleration information gathered is removed temperature drift and acceleration of gravity, the amplitude of exercise data is counted
Calculating, by the correlation analysis of acceleration being analyzed whether twist motion, then judging that amplitude of variation becomes by the derivative of amplitude
Gesture, is to become big or diminish, carries out sports safety assessment.
Sports safety appraisal procedure specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) relatively big due to mems accelerometer temperature influence, need calibration compensation, accelerometer can be placed on static height
In cryostat, setting different temperature, will consider the operating temperature range of reality, such as Central China, temperature is set to-10 DEG C
~ 50 DEG C, calibrate the drift value under different temperatures, the acceleration drift data under the different temperatures of the i.e. i-th node with this
AiT(AiTx,AiTy,AiTz), wherein i is the i-th monitoring node, and T represents that temperature, x, y, z represent three direction of principal axis of accelerometer.
(2) temperature acceleration drift data is stored in the flash storage of monitoring node.
(3) gather acceleration information by MEMS triaxial accelerometer, carry out temperature drift compensation: set acceleration information and adopt
Sample cycle Ts, the most often gather primary acceleration data A through a cyclei(mTs), use A to simplifyixM () represents, gathering
Acceleration signal remove the acceleration drift data A under different temperaturesiT(AiTx,AiTy,AiTz)。
(4) then every L data are one group, and for eliminating incidental error, often slip l number takes once average, then removes weight
Power acceleration obtains the acceleration information A caused by motioni(Aix,Aiy,Aiz), wherein, AiIt is the acceleration information of the i-th node,
Aix,Aiy,AizBe respectively the i-th node x, y, z-axis to acceleration information.
(5) having three axial translations and rotation due to electrical network motion, cause the stress of electrical network, acceleration represents electrical network
Stress size or amplitude size, total size A of stressi 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Representing, x, y, z-axis is to power A being subject toix 2,
Aiy 2,Aiz 2Represent.
(6) to acceleration information Ai(Aix,Aiy,Aiz) converted or three axial fortune of wavelet transformation identification by section FFT
The frequency of vibration ω of dynamic signali(ωix,ωiy,ωiz), calculate three axial vibration period T according to vibration period T=2 π/ωi
(Tix,Tiy,Tiz)。
(7) in order to as far as possible the motion that three axial was included in the time, a cycle T=T is usedix+Tiy
+TizWithin slide calculate M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Value, if M=0 when electrical network does not moves, be not 0 when moving, what
Time the i.e. vibration amplitude of maximum maximum, namely it may happen that dangerous when.
(8) by Continuous plus M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Electrical network motion change trend, the i.e. derivative of M are predicted in change
DM/dT, if dM/dT is positive number, i.e. amplitude increases, if dM/dT is negative, i.e. amplitude reduces, if dM/dT is big number, i.e. amplitude
Sharply increase or reduce.
(9) M is normalized, owing to data exist certain error, therefore considers an additional error factor
ε, i.e. S=M (m)/Mmax, MmaxThe amplitude of the maximum variable shape for setting.
(10) in the component motion ingredient of electrical network, not only there is translation, it also occur that twist motion, reverse fortune
Dynamic meeting bring bigger threat to electrical network, and twist motion uses three axial components of accelerometer to carry out correlation analysis from phase
Close and cross-correlation analysis.
(11) twist motion time, X axis acceleration is changing to the acceleration of Y-axis or Z axis, or partially changes into Y-axis
Or the acceleration of Z axis, i.e. the acceleration generation cross-coupling movement of X, Y and Z during rotational motion, X and X, Y and Y, Z and Z-axis direction
Acceleration carries out autocorrelation analysis, X and Y, Y and Z, the axial acceleration of Z and X are carried out cross-correlation analysis.
(12) autocorrelation coefficient is、
With, wherein Rxx(m),Ryy(m),RzzM () is respectively X, Y and the acceleration of Z-axis direction
The autocorrelation coefficient of degree, Aix(n) and Aix(n-m)、Aiy(n) and Aiy(n-m)、Aiz(n) and Aiz(n-m) it is respectively the i-th node
Data when the acceleration nth data of X, Y and Z-axis direction and before m.
(13) cross-correlation coefficient is、
With, wherein Rxy(m),Ryz(m),RzxM () is respectively X and Y, Y and Z, Z and X-axis
To the cross-correlation coefficient of acceleration, Aix(n) and Aiy(n-m)、Aiy(n) and Aiz(n-m)、Aiz(n) and Aix(n-m) it is respectively
Data when X, Y of the i-th node and the acceleration nth data of Z-axis direction and before m.
(14) as autocorrelation coefficient Rxx(m),Ryy(m),RzzWhen () is big m, the acceleration that i.e. X, Y and Z are the most axial is with respective
Acceleration similarity degree on Zhou Xiang is high, illustrate X, Y and Z each axial on acceleration or oneself axial acceleration, explanation
Not converting, the most do not twist motion.
(15) as cross-correlation coefficient Rxy(m),Ryz(m),RzxWhen () is big m, acceleration that i.e. X, Y and Z are the most axial and other
Axial acceleration similarity degree is high, illustrate X, Y and Z each axial on acceleration there occurs Axial changes, namely there occurs
Twist motion.
(16) 0 < S < 0.3 explanations, within normal range, are considered as safety；0.4 < S < 0.6 explanation has certain danger,
Need to check；S > 0.7 explanation has bigger potential safety hazard, in need of immediate treatment.
(17) as | Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | < 0.3 translation is notable, when | Rxy(m),Ryz(m),Rzx(m) | < 0.3 torsion does not shows
Write；When 0.4 < | Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | < 0.6 and 0.4 < | Rxy(m),Ryz(m),Rzx(m) | < 0.6 translation and twist motion
Typically；|Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | > 0.7 time translation notable, | Rxy(m),Ryz(m),Rzx(m) | > 0.7 twist motion show
Write.
(18) when motion amplitude is bigger, also twist motion is notable, illustrates that electrical network has at bigger security threat, more urgent need
Reason.
(19) if the node of serial number occurs similar motion change, illustrate that the electrical network of large area moves,
There is bigger potential safety hazard, need to go to check.
(20) by motion amplitude and the type of sports of data, Labview program Dynamic graphic display is used.
Finally illustrate is that above case study on implementation is merely to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, can be to this
Bright modifying or change, without deviating from the scope of the technical program, it all should be contained and works as in scope of the presently claimed invention
In.
Claims (10)
1. power transmission network motion on-line monitoring system, it is characterised in that monitoring node uses MEMS tri-axle of internal thermometer to accelerate
Degree meter, hollow elasticity bar and wireless transport module and antenna.
Power transmission network motion on-line monitoring system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the elastic rod of hollow uses not
Rust steel matter, a length of 20 ~ 50cm, diameter 2cm, one section is fixed on shaft tower, and another section installs monitoring node, and power supply is walked in centre
Line and holding wire。
Power transmission network motion on-line monitoring system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be wirelessly transferred employing Wifi mould
Block, built-in PCB antenna and external external antenna, when acceleration information reaches to a certain degree, external antenna also enables work, with
Anti-monitoring processing center can not be normally received signal.
4. power transmission network sports safety appraisal procedure, it is characterised in that appraisal procedure step includes:
(1) consider actual operating temperature range, calibrate the acceleration drift data A under mems accelerometer different temperaturesiT
(AiTx,AiTy,AiTz), it is stored in the flash storage of monitoring node；(2) acceleration of MEMS triaxial accelerometer output is gathered
Data, carry out temperature drift compensation, i.e. the 3-axis acceleration signal gathered are removed the acceleration drift data under different temperatures
AiT(AiTx,AiTy,AiTz)；(3) every L data are one group, and for eliminating incidental error, often slip l number takes once average, then goes
Except acceleration of gravity obtains the acceleration information A that caused by motioni(Aix,Aiy,Aiz)；(4) three axles are had due to electrical network motion
To translation and rotation cause electrical network stress, i.e. acceleration can represent stress size or the amplitude size of electrical network, stress total big
Little Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2 Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Represent；(5) to acceleration information Ai(Aix,Aiy,Aiz) pass through segmentation
FFT or the frequency of vibration ω of three axial motor messages of wavelet transformation identificationi(ωix,ωiy,ωiz), according to vibration week
Phase T=2 π/ω calculates three axial vibration period Ti(Tix,Tiy,Tiz)；(6) in order to as far as possible three axial motions all
It is included in the time, uses at a cycle T=Tix+Tiy+TizWithin slide calculate M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Value,
M=0 when if electrical network does not moves, not being 0 when moving, when the i.e. vibration amplitude of maximum is maximum, namely is most likely to occur
The when of dangerous；(7) by Continuous plus M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Electrical network motion change trend is predicted in change, i.e. M leads
Number dM/dT, if dM/dT is positive number, i.e. amplitude increases；If dM/dT is negative, i.e. amplitude reduces；If dM/dT is big number, i.e. width
Degree sharply increases or reduces；(8) M is normalized, owing to data exist certain error, therefore considers additional one
Error factor ε, i.e. S=M (m)/Mmax+ ε, MmaxThe amplitude of the maximum variable shape for setting；(9) component motion at electrical network forms
In part, not only there is translation, it also occur that twist motion, twist motion can bring bigger threat, twist motion to electrical network
Three axial components using accelerometer carry out correlation analysis auto-correlation and cross-correlation analysis；(10) twist fortune
Time dynamic, X axis acceleration is changing to the acceleration of Y-axis or Z axis, or partially changes into the acceleration of Y-axis or Z axis, i.e. rotates fortune
Time dynamic, the acceleration generation cross-coupling movement of X, Y and Z, carries out cross-correlation divide X and Y, Y and Z, the axial acceleration of Z and X
Analysis, the acceleration of X and X, Y and Y, Z and Z-axis direction carries out autocorrelation analysis；(11) as autocorrelation coefficient Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz
When () is big m, the acceleration that i.e. X, Y and Z are the most axial with the most axially on acceleration similarity degree high, each axle of X, Y and Z is described
Acceleration upwards or oneself axial acceleration, illustrate not convert, the most do not rotate motion；(12) when mutually
Coefficient Rxy(m),Ryz(m),RzxWhen () is big m, the acceleration that i.e. X, Y are the most axial with Z is similar to other axial acceleration
Degree is high, illustrate X, Y and Z each axial on acceleration there occurs Axial changes, namely there occurs rotary motion；(13) 0<S
< 0.3 explanation, within normal range, is considered as safety；0.4 < S < 0.6 explanation has certain danger, needs to check；S > 0.7 says
Bright have a bigger potential safety hazard, in need of immediate treatment；(14) as | Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | < 0.3 translation is notable, when | Rxy(m),Ryz
(m),Rzx(m) | < 0.3 torsion is the most notable；When 0.4 < | Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | < 0.6 and 0.4 < | Rxy(m),Ryz(m),Rzx
(m) | < 0.6 translation and twist motion are general；|Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz(m) | > 0.7 time translation notable, | Rxy(m),Ryz
(m),Rzx(m) | > 0.7 twist motion is notable；(15) when motion amplitude is bigger, also twist motion is notable, illustrates that electrical network has more
Big security threat, more in need of immediate treatment；(16) if the node of serial number occurs similar motion change, large area is described
Electrical network move, have a bigger potential safety hazard, need to go to check；(17) by motion amplitude and the type of sports of data, adopt
With Labview program Dynamic graphic display.
The most according to claim 4, some power transmission network sports safety appraisal procedure, its step (4) and (6) are characterised by accelerating
Degree represents stress size or amplitude size, total size A of stress of electrical networki 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Representing, x, y, z-axis is to being subject to
Power Aix 2,Aiy 2,Aiz 2Representing, sliding within using a cycle T calculates M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Value, if electrical network
When M=0 when not moving, is not 0 when moving, and the i.e. vibration amplitude of maximum is maximum, namely it may happen that danger time
Wait.
The most according to claim 4, some power transmission network sports safety appraisal procedure, its step (7) is characterised by by meter continuously
Calculate M=Ai 2=Aix 2+Aiy 2+Aiz 2Electrical network motion change trend is predicted in change, i.e. the derivative dM/dT of M, if dM/dT is positive number, i.e.
Amplitude increases；If dM/dT is negative, i.e. amplitude reduces；If dM/dT is big number, i.e. amplitude sharply increases or reduces.
The most according to claim 4, some power transmission network sports safety appraisal procedure, its step (8) is characterised by M to return
One change processes, and owing to data exist certain error, therefore considers additional an error factor ε, i.e. S=M (m)/Mmax+ ε, Mmax
The amplitude of the maximum variable shape for setting.
The most according to claim 4, some power transmission network sports safety appraisal procedure, its step (10) ~ (12) are characterised by occurring
During twist motion, X axis acceleration is changing to the acceleration of Y-axis or Z axis, or partially changes into the acceleration of Y-axis or Z axis, i.e.
The acceleration generation cross-coupling movement of X, Y and Z during rotational motion, is carried out mutually X and Y, Y and Z, the axial acceleration of Z and X
Closing and analyze, the acceleration of X and X, Y and Y, Z and Z-axis direction carries out autocorrelation analysis；As autocorrelation coefficient Rxx(m),Ryy(m),Rzz
When () is big m, the acceleration that i.e. X, Y and Z are the most axial with the most axially on acceleration similarity degree high, each axle of X, Y and Z is described
Acceleration upwards or oneself axial acceleration, illustrate not convert, the most do not rotate motion；Work as cross-correlation
Coefficients Rxy(m),Ryz(m),RzxWhen () is big m, the acceleration similarity degree that the acceleration that i.e. X, Y and Z are the most axial is axial with other
Height, illustrate X, Y and Z each axially on acceleration there occurs Axial changes, namely there occurs rotary motion.
Point power transmission network sports safety appraisal procedure the most according to claim 4, its step (13) ~ (15) be characterised by 0 < S <
0.3 explanation, within normal range, is considered as safety；0.4 < S < 0.6 explanation has certain danger, needs to check；S > 0.7 explanation
There is bigger potential safety hazard, in need of immediate treatment；When motion amplitude is bigger, also twist motion is notable, illustrates that electrical network has bigger safety
Threaten, more in need of immediate treatment.
The most according to claim 4, some power transmission network sports safety appraisal procedure, its step (16) is characterised by if continuously
There is similar motion change in the node of numbering, illustrates that the electrical network of large area moves, have bigger potential safety hazard, need
Check.
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