CN106093424A - A kind of test kit measuring prealbumin and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of test kit measuring prealbumin and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106093424A CN106093424A CN201610376092.2A CN201610376092A CN106093424A CN 106093424 A CN106093424 A CN 106093424A CN 201610376092 A CN201610376092 A CN 201610376092A CN 106093424 A CN106093424 A CN 106093424A
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- 108010071690 Prealbumin Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 102000007584 Prealbumin Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002594 Polyethylene Glycol 8000 Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 TritonX X 100 Chemical compound 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 102100029290 Transthyretin Human genes 0.000 description 46
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/08—Hepato-biliairy disorders other than hepatitis
- G01N2800/085—Liver diseases, e.g. portal hypertension, fibrosis, cirrhosis, bilirubin
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of test kit measuring prealbumin and preparation method thereof, test kit is formed including reagent R1 independent of each other and reagent R2 biliquid component, including composition and corresponding content be: reagent R1:Tris buffer 50 ~ 150 mmol/L, sodium chloride, EDTA, PEG 8000, TritonX X 100, sodium azide, reagent R2:Tris buffer, sodium chloride, glycerol, TritonX X 100, sodium azide, anti-prealbumin antibody, preparation method is: prepare reagent according to constituent content;Sample to be tested is mixed with reagent R1 and reagent R2 so that it is fully react;Reacted absorbance difference is measured with automatic clinical chemistry analyzer;The concentration of prealbumin in sample is calculated according to absorbance changing value.The present invention has the advantages such as accuracy is high, pollution-free.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical science and technological field of biochemistry, a kind of test kit measuring prealbumin and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
Prealbumin (Prealbumin, PA), also known as transthyretin (transthyretin), molecular weight 5.4
Ten thousand, hepatocyte synthesize, when electrophoretic separation, often display is in albuminous front, and its half-life is the shortest, the most about 1.9 days.Cause
This, measure its concentration in blood plasma for understand the malnutrition of protein, hepatic insufficiency, than albumin and transferrins
There is higher sensitivity.PA, in addition to as the material of tissue repairing, can also be regarded as a kind of transporter, it combine T4 with
T3, and bigger to T3 affinity, and PA and retinol binding protein form complex, have the effect of delivery vitamin A.
Prealbumin molecular weight is little, and the half-life is short, raises and reduction becomes apparent from, can be as the finger of early stage liver dysfunction
Mark, has more hypersensitivity than albumin.The detection of prealbumin is simultaneously available for judging the nutriture of patient, such as tumor
Preoperative and postoperative, the also or instantly situation of nutrition supply.Prealbumin can be as liver function energy loss after patients with solid tumor chemotherapy
The predictability index of evil.
Except as a kind of sensitive nutrient protein index, prealbumin (Prealbumin, PA) acute inflammation,
When malignant tumor, liver cirrhosis or nephritis, its blood concentration declines.During hepatic disease, prealbumin is more sensitive, it is believed that have 30% white
The prealbumin of the hepatopath of protein normal reduces, and postnecrotic cirrhosis is almost zero.Cirrhosis, liver necrocytosis is relatively light, front
Albumin change is little, and prognosis is preferable, and when the state of an illness is improved, prealbumin raises the most rapidly.Subacute severe hepatitis prealbumin
Always at low value, therefore prealbumin can be used as judging hepatopathy prognostic indicator.Hepatocarcinoma and Patients With Obstructive Jaundice all can reduce, its
Reduction degree and the state of an illness have substantial connection.Nephrotic syndrome prealbumin does not reduces, and all right when diet is abundant
Raise.During malnutrition negative nitrogen balance, prealbumin reduces.
The method of detection prealbumin has immunodiffusion method, immunoelectrophoresis, radioimmunology etc. at present, but its operation is all
Complex, the longest, operator are had certain professional skill requirement, and the method having also needs to instrument costly, become
This is the highest, and there is the defect that accuracy is low, there is radioelement additionally, due to radioimmunology, therefore there is radiation
Contact scar.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome prior art to there is radioactive pollution, low the lacking of accuracy
Fall into, and a kind of test kit measuring prealbumin and preparation method thereof is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem and provides is: the invention discloses and a kind of measures prealbumin
Test kit, forms test kit including reagent R1 independent of each other and reagent R2 biliquid component, including composition and corresponding content
For:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 50 ~ 150 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 300 mmol/L
EDTA 25~55 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 10 ~ 44 g/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 30 ~ 90 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 110 mmol/L
Glycerol 20 ~ 60 mmol/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 0.5 ~ 2.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water.
As preferably, the invention discloses a kind of test kit measuring prealbumin, including reagent R1 independent of each other and
Reagent R2 biliquid component composition test kit, including composition and corresponding content be:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 100 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 170mmol/L
EDTA 40 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 25 g/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 60 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 80 mmol/L
Glycerol 40 mmol/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 1.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water.
As preferably, the invention also discloses preparation method and the using method of the test kit of said determination prealbumin,
Comprise the following steps:
A () prepares reagent according to following component content:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 50 ~ 150 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 300 mmol/L
EDTA 25~55 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 10 ~ 44 g/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 30 ~ 90 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 110 mmol/L
Glycerol 20 ~ 60 mmol/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 0.5 ~ 2.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water;
B sample to be tested is mixed by () with reagent R1 and reagent R2 so that it is fully react;
C () measures reacted absorbance difference with automatic clinical chemistry analyzer;
D () calculates the concentration of prealbumin in sample according to absorbance changing value.
As preferably, in step (b), the volume ratio of described reagent R1 and reagent R2 is 3:1.
As preferably, in step (b), the volume ratio of the cumulative volume of described sample to be tested and reagent R1 and reagent R2 is 1:
Between 5 to 1:80.
The Cleaning Principle of the present invention is: in sample, prealbumin (PA) can specificity anti-prealbumin corresponding with reagent
Antibodies forms antigen-antibody complex, produces certain turbidity, this turbidity height in the presence of certain antibody with the containing of antigen
Amount is directly proportional.Under 340nm wavelength, measure turbidity and the quantitative determination of prealbumin can be carried out by multiple spot calibration curve.
Activity (the mg/L)=C of prealbumin (PA) in sampleS ×(mg/L)
In formula: Δ AUThe sample cell absorbance compared with blank tube absorbance
ΔABThe calibration pipe absorbance compared with blank tube absorbance
CSThe concentration of PA in calibration solution.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has a following advantageous benefits:
The present invention is by adding the PEG-8000 acceleration coagulant as reaction of debita spissitudo, and surfactant TritonX
X-100, accelerates the speed of reaction, and surfactant makes dissolubility increase simultaneously, to such an extent as to less antigen antibody reaction
Can quickly react, substantially increase accuracy under the effect accelerating coagulant, the interpolation of EDTA has chelated part
Gold Samples belongs to the interference of ion so that testing result is the most accurate.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited in these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The test kit of the present invention includes reagent R1 independent of each other and reagent R2 biliquid component, wherein:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 100 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 170mmol/L
EDTA 40 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 25 g/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 60 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 80 mmol/L
Glycerol 40 mmol/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 1.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water.
Embodiment 2
The test kit of the present invention includes reagent R1 independent of each other and reagent R2 biliquid component, wherein:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 150 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 mmol/L
EDTA 55 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 10 g/L
Triton x-100 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 30 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 110 mmol/L
Glycerol 20 mmol/L
Triton x-100 0.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 1.1 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 0.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water.
Embodiment 3
The preparation and application of test kit
1, reagent is prepared according to following component content:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 100 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 170mmol/L
EDTA 40 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 25 g/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 60 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 80 mmol/L
Glycerol 40 mmol/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 1.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water;
2, automatic clinical chemistry analyzer parameter is arranged
(a) detection temperature: 37 DEG C;
(b) detection wavelength: dominant wavelength 340nm, commplementary wave length 700nm;
(c) response time: 8min, wherein, incubation time 5min, measure immediately after adding reagent R2 and read absorbance A 1,
Read absorbance A 2 after 3min, calculate absorbance changes delta A=A2-A1;
(d) the Direction of Reaction: negative direction;
3, detecting step
A () takes 180 μ l reagent R1 and the mixing of 4 μ l samples to be tested;
B solution after mixing is hatched 5min under conditions of 37 DEG C by ();
C () adds 60 μ l reagent R2, measure immediately and read absorbance A 1, reads absorbance A 2 after 3min, calculates absorbance change
Δ A=A2-A1;
D () is according to activity (the mg/L)=C of prealbumin in sample (PA)S × (mg/L) before calculating in sample
Albuminous concentration.
Embodiment 4
The preparation and application of test kit
1, reagent is prepared according to following component content:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 150 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 mmol/L
EDTA 55 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 10 g/L
Triton x-100 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 30 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 110 mmol/L
Glycerol 20 mmol/L
Triton x-100 0.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 1.1 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 0.5g/L
Its solvent is purified water;
2, automatic clinical chemistry analyzer parameter is arranged
(a) detection temperature: 37 DEG C;
(b) detection wavelength: dominant wavelength 340nm, commplementary wave length 700nm;
(c) response time: 8min, wherein, incubation time 5min, measure immediately after adding reagent R2 and read absorbance A 1,
Read absorbance A 2 after 3min, calculate absorbance changes delta A=A2-A1;
(d) the Direction of Reaction: negative direction;
3, detecting step
A () takes 180 μ l reagent R1 and the mixing of 4 μ l samples to be tested;
B solution after mixing is hatched 5min under conditions of 37 DEG C by ();
C () adds 60 μ l reagent R2, measure immediately and read absorbance A 1, reads absorbance A 2 after 3min, calculates absorbance change
Δ A=A2-A1;
D () is according to activity (the mg/L)=C of prealbumin in sample (PA)S × (mg/L) before calculating in sample
Albuminous concentration.
White egg before the table 1 test kit measuring prealbumin obtained by embodiment 1 and the mensuration obtained by embodiment 2
The result that quality-control product 1 is measured by white test kit respectively, wherein the concentration of the prealbumin in quality-control product 1 is 147 mg/
L, measurement result is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
1st time (mg/L) | 2nd time (mg/L) | 3rd time (mg/L) | Average (mg/L) | Deviation (%) | |
Embodiment 1 | 145 | 146 | 145 | 145.3 | 0.21 |
Embodiment 2 | 148 | 150 | 150 | 149.3 | 1.56 |
As shown in Table 1, the test kit measuring prealbumin obtained by the present invention is less to the measurement result deviation of quality-control product 1,
Therefore accuracy of measurement is high, and embodiment 1 is optimum selection.
Mensuration prealbumin obtained by the test kit of the table 2 mensuration prealbumin obtained by embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
The result that quality-control product 2 is measured by test kit respectively, wherein the concentration of the prealbumin in quality-control product 2 is 440 mg/L, surveys
Surely the results are shown in Table 2:
Table 2
1st time (mg/L) | 2nd time (mg/L) | 3rd time (mg/L) | Average (mg/L) | Deviation (%) | |
Embodiment 1 | 435 | 432 | 432 | 432.7 | 1.66 |
Embodiment 2 | 429 | 432 | 432 | 431.0 | 2.05 |
As shown in Table 2, the test kit measuring prealbumin obtained by the present invention is less to the measurement result deviation of quality-control product 2,
Therefore accuracy of measurement is high, and embodiment 1 is optimum selection.
Table 3 obtained by embodiment 3 measure prealbumin test kit same sample to be tested is carried out the most repeatedly
The test kit measuring prealbumin obtained by mensuration and embodiment 4 is repeatedly repeatedly measured what same sample to be tested was carried out,
Result to gained carries out the calculating of SD and CV, and result is as follows:
Table 3
The precision of the test kit measuring prealbumin obtained by the present invention is relatively good as shown in Table 3, and as shown in Table 3,
Embodiment 3 is optimum selection.
The principle of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention and effect thereof, not for limiting the present invention.Any ripe
Above-described embodiment all can be modified under the spirit and the scope of the present invention or change by the personage knowing this technology.Cause
This, have usually intellectual such as complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit in art
All equivalences become are modified or change, and must be contained by the claim of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the test kit measuring prealbumin, it is characterised in that: include reagent R1 independent of each other and reagent R2 biliquid
Component composition test kit, including composition and corresponding content be:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 50 ~ 150 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 300 mmol/L
EDTA 25~55 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 10 ~ 44 g/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 30 ~ 90 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 110 mmol/L
Glycerol 20 ~ 60 mmol/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 0.5 ~ 2.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water.
A kind of test kit measuring prealbumin the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: include examination independent of each other
Agent R1 and reagent R2 biliquid component composition test kit, including composition and corresponding content be:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 100 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 170mmol/L
EDTA 40 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 25 g/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 60 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 80 mmol/L
Glycerol 40 mmol/L
Triton x-100 1.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.7 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 1.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water.
The preparation method of a kind of test kit measuring prealbumin the most according to claim 1 and 2 and using method, it is special
Levy and be: comprise the following steps:
A () prepares reagent according to following component content:
Reagent R1:
Tris buffer 50 ~ 150 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 300 mmol/L
EDTA 25~55 mmol/L
PEG-8 000 10 ~ 44 g/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Its solvent is purified water
Reagent R2:
Tris buffer 30 ~ 90 mmol/L
Sodium chloride 50 ~ 110 mmol/L
Glycerol 20 ~ 60 mmol/L
Triton x-100 0.5 ~ 2.5 mL/L
Sodium azide 0.3 ~ 1.1 g/L
Anti-prealbumin antibody 0.5 ~ 2.5 g/L
Its solvent is purified water;
B sample to be tested is mixed by () with reagent R1 and reagent R2 so that it is fully react;
C () measures reacted absorbance difference with automatic clinical chemistry analyzer;
D () calculates the concentration of prealbumin in sample according to absorbance changing value.
The preparation method of a kind of test kit measuring prealbumin the most according to claim 3 and using method, its feature
Being: in step (b), the volume ratio of described reagent R1 and reagent R2 is 3:1.
The preparation method of a kind of test kit measuring prealbumin the most according to claim 3 and using method, its feature
Being: in step (b), the volume ratio of the cumulative volume of described sample to be tested and reagent R1 and reagent R2 is between 1:5 to 1:80.
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Cited By (1)
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CN109580549A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-04-05 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Calculating, calibrating method and the device of content of material |
Citations (4)
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CN101000349A (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2007-07-18 | 王贤理 | Kit for testing prealbumin |
CN101498732A (en) * | 2008-02-03 | 2009-08-05 | 北京九强生物技术有限公司 | Improved prealbumin detection kit |
CN102788881A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-21 | 北京恩济和生物科技有限公司 | Prealbumin detection reagent kit and preparation method thereof |
CN105137090A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 山东博科生物产业有限公司 | High-accuracy prealbumin immunoturbidimetry detection kit |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101000349A (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2007-07-18 | 王贤理 | Kit for testing prealbumin |
CN101498732A (en) * | 2008-02-03 | 2009-08-05 | 北京九强生物技术有限公司 | Improved prealbumin detection kit |
CN102788881A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-21 | 北京恩济和生物科技有限公司 | Prealbumin detection reagent kit and preparation method thereof |
CN105137090A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 山东博科生物产业有限公司 | High-accuracy prealbumin immunoturbidimetry detection kit |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109580549A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-04-05 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Calculating, calibrating method and the device of content of material |
CN109580549B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2022-07-01 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Method and device for calculating and calibrating material content |
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