CN106092769A - Concrete fatigue test system under bending shear stress state - Google Patents
Concrete fatigue test system under bending shear stress state Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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Abstract
本发明涉及混凝土疲劳试验技术领域，尤其涉及一种弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统，包括试件和弯剪受力疲劳加载装置，试件包括试件本体和加固钢板，试件本体宽度方向上相对的两个第一端面上均设有垂直于端面的缺口，缺口将其所在第一端面分为第一段与第二段，第一段的长度大于第二段的长度，一个第一端面的第一段与另一个第一端面的第二段相对，加固钢板设置于第一段与缺口靠近其所在第一端面的第一段的侧面上；弯剪受力疲劳加载装置包括剪切疲劳载荷固定支座和加载装置，剪切疲劳载荷固定支座与试件本体长度方向上的两个第二端面连接，加载装置与两个第一端面的第一段的重合段连接，以施加侧向压力和侧向拉力。
The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete fatigue testing, and in particular to a concrete fatigue testing system under bending and shearing stress state, comprising a specimen and a bending and shearing stress fatigue loading device, the specimen comprising a specimen body and a reinforcing steel plate, two first end faces opposite to each other in the width direction of the specimen body are both provided with notches perpendicular to the end faces, the notches divide the first end face where the notch is located into a first section and a second section, the length of the first section is greater than the length of the second section, the first section of one first end face is opposite to the second section of the other first end face, the reinforcing steel plate is arranged on the side of the first section and the notch close to the first end face where the notch is located; the bending and shearing stress fatigue loading device comprises a shearing fatigue load fixing support and a loading device, the shearing fatigue load fixing support is connected to the two second end faces in the length direction of the specimen body, and the loading device is connected to the overlapping section of the first sections of the two first end faces to apply lateral pressure and lateral tension.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及混凝土疲劳试验技术领域，尤其涉及一种弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统。The invention relates to the technical field of concrete fatigue tests, in particular to a concrete fatigue test system under a bending and shear stress state.
背景技术Background technique
目前对于混凝土抗拉(弯拉、轴拉、劈拉等)、抗压以及多轴疲劳都有许多研究且得到了相应的S-N曲线方程，混凝土抗剪疲劳方面多从构件的形式来研究混凝土结构的抗剪性能，然而以试件形式来研究混凝土的剪切疲劳强度及S-N曲线的文献较少，因此，从试件形式研究混凝土抗剪疲劳问题，首先从混凝土静态抗剪强度着手，并基于静态试验研究来开展混凝土抗剪疲劳试验研究。混凝土本身材料性质决定了其剪切实验方法难以统一。At present, there are many studies on concrete tensile (bending tension, axial tension, split tension, etc.), compression and multiaxial fatigue, and the corresponding S-N curve equations have been obtained. In terms of concrete shear fatigue, concrete structures are mostly studied from the form of components. However, there are few literatures that study the shear fatigue strength and S-N curve of concrete in the form of specimens. Therefore, to study the shear fatigue of concrete from the form of specimens, we first start from the static shear strength of concrete, and based on Static test research to carry out concrete shear fatigue test research. The material properties of concrete itself make it difficult to unify the shear test methods.
Hofbeck等采用Z型试件来研究钢筋混凝土的剪力传递，适当布置钢筋，使试件在预期的平面破坏。并得到如下结果：若试件在试验开始时没有裂缝，则混凝土的抗剪强度为抗压强度值得0.119-0.316。李平先，张雷顺，赵国藩等采用Z型试件来研究新老混凝土粘结面的抗冻剪切性能，其所采用的试件形式与张琦，过镇海的砼抗剪强度和剪切变形的研究中极其相似。董毓利对混凝土剪切应力-应变曲线做了研究，并对Z型试件做了的改进设计计算了相应的形式。王传志等采用了矩形梁双剪面试件进行混凝土抗剪性能试验。张琦,过镇海等同样对以往混凝土剪切试验做了相应总结，并对其中所用试件形式进行有限元分析，指出了矩形双剪面试件、Z型试件以及8型试件的缺点，并改进了8型试件设计了等高变宽梁4点受力剪切试验，即一种改进的缺口梁四点受力试验。由于8型剪切试验试件在缺口凹角的尖端处由于应力集中而出现裂缝，并不是从剪应力最大的缺口截面中部出现裂缝，因此变成等高变宽梁以解决了缺口附近应力严重集中的影响。Hofbeck et al. used Z-type specimens to study the shear force transfer of reinforced concrete, and properly arranged the steel bars to make the specimens fail in the expected plane. And the following results are obtained: if the test piece has no cracks at the beginning of the test, the shear strength of the concrete is the value of the compressive strength 0.119-0.316. Li Pingxian, Zhang Leishun, Zhao Guofan, etc. used Z-type specimens to study the anti-freeze shear performance of new and old concrete bonding surfaces. are extremely similar. Dong Yuli studied the shear stress-strain curve of concrete, and calculated the corresponding form for the improved design of the Z-type specimen. Wang Chuanzhi et al. used rectangular beam double-shear specimens to test the shear performance of concrete. Zhang Qi, Guo Zhenhai, etc. also made a corresponding summary of the previous concrete shear tests, and carried out finite element analysis on the forms of the specimens used, and pointed out the shortcomings of the rectangular double-shear test specimens, Z-type specimens and 8-type specimens. And improved the 8-type test piece to design a 4-point force shear test for beams with equal height and variable width, that is, an improved four-point force test for notched beams. Since the type 8 shear test specimen cracks appear at the tip of the notch due to stress concentration, not from the middle of the notch section where the shear stress is the largest, it becomes a beam with equal height and widened to solve the severe concentration of stress near the notch Impact.
通过对以上混凝土抗剪强度试验试件形式的总结以及数值仿真分析可知，Z型试件较矩形双剪面试件剪应力分布更为均匀；改进的Z型试件较传统的Z型试件剪应力分布有较大改善，应力分布规律基本相同，剪切面面积的减小对应力分布的均匀性有一定改善；同时张琦,过镇海等设计的等高变宽4点受力剪切试验梁较8型试件有了很大改进，同时相比Z型试件及矩形双剪面梁剪应力分布更为均匀，然而加载方式较为复杂。Through the summary of the specimen forms of the above concrete shear strength test and numerical simulation analysis, it can be seen that the shear stress distribution of the Z-type specimen is more uniform than that of the rectangular double-shear specimen; the improved Z-type specimen is more uniform than the traditional Z-type specimen. The stress distribution has been greatly improved, and the stress distribution law is basically the same. The reduction of the shear surface area has improved the uniformity of the stress distribution; at the same time, Zhang Qi, Guo Zhenhai, etc. designed a 4-point shear test The beam has been greatly improved compared with the 8-type specimen, and the shear stress distribution is more uniform than the Z-type specimen and the rectangular double-shear beam, but the loading method is more complicated.
但是从各试件形式在实际加载过程中的计算结果来看，所有试件形式包括Z型试件都存在一个通病，那就是最大主拉应力值并未在剪应力最大处，也就是说首先开裂的位置并未在剪切面上；这样在疲劳荷载作用下，试件裂纹萌生的位置与剪应力最大位置并不一致，对研究剪切疲劳荷载作用下混凝土裂纹的萌生与发展以及剪切疲劳寿命带来了干扰。因此，为了研究混凝土受纯剪或拉剪、压剪疲劳破坏特征，首先得保证试件在特征面率先开裂，避免其他位置开裂而对关心截面产生影响。However, from the calculation results of each specimen form in the actual loading process, there is a common problem in all specimen forms including the Z-type specimen, that is, the maximum principal tensile stress value is not at the maximum shear stress, that is to say, the first The position of the crack is not on the shear plane; thus, under the action of fatigue load, the position of the crack initiation of the specimen is not consistent with the position of the maximum shear stress, which is very important for the study of the initiation and development of concrete cracks under the action of shear fatigue load and the shear fatigue Life brings disturbances. Therefore, in order to study the fatigue failure characteristics of concrete subjected to pure shear, tensile shear, and compressive shear, it is first necessary to ensure that the specimen cracks first on the characteristic surface, so as to avoid cracking at other positions and affecting the concerned section.
发明内容Contents of the invention
(一)要解决的技术问题(1) Technical problems to be solved
本发明要解决的技术问题是解决现有的混凝土疲劳试验系统在实际实验过程中，试件被加载疲劳载荷后，首先开裂的地方均不在剪力最大的位置，出现了最大剪应力与最大主拉应力的位置并不统一，对试验结果的准确性及科学性造成不良影响的问题。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problem that in the actual experiment process of the existing concrete fatigue test system, after the specimen is loaded with the fatigue load, the place where the first crack is not at the position of the maximum shear force, and the maximum shear stress and the maximum principal stress appear. The location of the tensile stress is not uniform, which will adversely affect the accuracy and scientificity of the test results.
(二)技术方案(2) Technical solution
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统，包括试件和弯剪受力疲劳加载装置，所述试件包括试件本体和加固钢板，所述试件本体宽度方向上相对的两个第一端面上均设有垂直于第一端面的缺口，所述缺口将其所在第一端面分为第一段与第二段，所述第一段的长度大于所述第二段的长度，一个第一端面的所述第一段与另一个第一端面的所述第二段相对，所述加固钢板设置于所述第一段与所述缺口靠近其所在第一端面的所述第一段的侧面上；所述弯剪受力疲劳加载装置包括剪切疲劳荷载固定支座和加载装置，所述剪切疲劳荷载固定支座与所述试件本体长度方向上的两个第二端面连接，以将所述试件在其长度方向上固定并施加剪切疲劳载荷，所述加载装置与两个第一端面的所述第一段的重合段连接，以对所述试件在其宽度方向上施加侧向压力与侧向拉力，实现压剪和拉剪疲劳载荷。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a concrete fatigue test system under the state of bending and shearing force, including a test piece and a bending and shearing force fatigue loading device, the test piece includes a test piece body and a reinforced steel plate, and the test piece Notches perpendicular to the first end faces are provided on the two opposite first end faces in the width direction of the body, and the first end face is divided into a first segment and a second segment by the notch, and the length of the first segment is greater than the length of the second section, the first section of one first end surface is opposite to the second section of the other first end surface, and the reinforcing steel plate is arranged between the first section and the notch close to it On the side of the first section of the first end face; the bending-shear fatigue loading device includes a shear fatigue load fixed support and a loading device, and the shear fatigue load fixed support is connected to the specimen body The two second end surfaces in the length direction are connected to fix the test piece in its length direction and apply a shear fatigue load, and the loading device is connected to the overlapped section of the first section of the two first end surfaces , to apply lateral pressure and lateral tension to the test piece in its width direction to realize compressive shear and tensile shear fatigue loads.
其中，所述加载装置包括侧压力加载装置，所述侧压力加载装置包括第一千斤顶、固定架、第一连接板与第二连接板，所述第一连接板与所述第二连接板分别于两个第一端面的所述第一段的重合段连接，所述第一连接板靠近所述第一千斤顶，且与所述第一千斤顶的活塞杆连接，所述第二连接板远离所述第一千斤顶，且与所述固定架连接。Wherein, the loading device includes a side pressure loading device, and the side pressure loading device includes a first jack, a fixing frame, a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, and the first connecting plate is connected to the second connecting plate. The plates are respectively connected to the overlapping sections of the first sections of the two first end faces, the first connecting plate is close to the first jack and connected to the piston rod of the first jack, the The second connecting plate is away from the first jack and connected to the fixing frame.
其中，所述第一连接板与所述千斤顶的活塞杆的连接处设有第一压力传感器。Wherein, a first pressure sensor is provided at the joint between the first connecting plate and the piston rod of the jack.
其中，所述固定架包括两根钢管及两个固定钢板，两根所述钢管分别位于所述试件厚度方向上的两侧，所述钢管的两端分别与两个所述固定钢板连接，且所述钢管的管身依次穿过所述第一连接板和所述第二连接板。Wherein, the fixing frame includes two steel pipes and two fixed steel plates, the two steel pipes are respectively located on both sides in the thickness direction of the test piece, and the two ends of the steel pipes are respectively connected with the two fixed steel plates, And the pipe body of the steel pipe passes through the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate in sequence.
其中，所述加载装置还包括侧拉力加载装置，所述侧拉力加载装置包括第二千斤顶和套筒，所述套筒包括内套筒与外套筒，所述第二千斤顶设置于所述外套桶内，且所述第二千斤顶的缸体与所述外套桶的一端的内端面连接，所述第二千斤顶的活塞杆与所述内套筒的一端的外端面连接，所述外套筒的另一端的外端面与所述内套筒的另一端的内端面分别与两个第一端面的所述第一段的重合段连接。Wherein, the loading device also includes a side tension loading device, the side tension loading device includes a second jack and a sleeve, the sleeve includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, and the second jack is set In the outer barrel, and the cylinder body of the second jack is connected to the inner end surface of one end of the outer barrel, and the piston rod of the second jack is connected to the outer surface of one end of the inner sleeve. The end surfaces are connected, and the outer end surface of the other end of the outer sleeve and the inner end surface of the other end of the inner sleeve are respectively connected to the overlapped sections of the first sections of the two first end surfaces.
其中，所述第二千斤顶的活塞杆与所述内套筒的一端的外端面的连接处设有第二压力传感器。Wherein, a second pressure sensor is provided at the joint between the piston rod of the second jack and the outer end surface of one end of the inner sleeve.
其中，两个所述第一端面的所述第一段的重合段上设有挂环，所述外套桶另一端的外端面与所述内套筒另一端的内端面上均设有与所述挂环相对应的挂钩，所述挂钩与所述挂环挂接，以实现所述挂件与所述套筒的连接。Wherein, the overlapping section of the first section of the two first end surfaces is provided with a hanging ring, and the outer end surface of the other end of the outer barrel and the inner end surface of the other end of the inner sleeve are provided with the same ring. The hook corresponding to the hanging ring, the hook is hooked with the hanging ring, so as to realize the connection between the hanging piece and the sleeve.
其中，所述固定支座包括第一支座与第二支座，所述第一支座与所述第二支座分别与所述试件本体长度方向上的两个第二端面连接，所述第一支座包括基座与球铰支座，所述基座一端面与所述第二端面连接，另一端面设有弧形面的凹陷，且所述凹陷与所述球铰支座的端面的球面凸起相配合接触连接。Wherein, the fixed support includes a first support and a second support, and the first support and the second support are respectively connected to two second end faces in the length direction of the test piece body, so The first support includes a base and a spherical hinge support, one end surface of the base is connected to the second end surface, and the other end surface is provided with a concave arc surface, and the depression is connected to the spherical hinge support The spherical protrusions on the end face are matched and contacted.
其中，所述加固钢板的厚度为3mm。Wherein, the thickness of the reinforced steel plate is 3 mm.
其中，所述试件本体厚度方向上两个所述缺口之间的表面上连接有应变片或检测装置。Wherein, a strain gauge or a detection device is connected to the surface between the two notches in the thickness direction of the test piece body.
(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects
本发明的上述技术方案具有如下优点：本发明弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统的通过己字型试件来测试其抗剪强度并进行抗剪疲劳试验，从试件形式出发来观察混凝土抗剪疲劳的破坏形式，试件在剪切面上有较为均匀的剪应力分布，因此能得到以剪切受力为主的剪切面，通过弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的剪切疲劳荷载固定支座对试件长度方向上的两端面施加剪切疲劳载荷，加载装置对试件宽度方向上的两端面上的第一段的重合段施加侧压载荷与侧拉载荷，来研究混凝土破坏形态以及裂纹的萌生等。对试件本体的第一段及靠近第一段的缺口表面设置加固钢板，对其进行加固处理，使得试件在两个缺口之间的试件本体表面形成的剪切面上最先破坏开裂，而非剪切面上不出现裂，使最大剪应力与最大主拉应力最大的位置统一，钢板加固后，剪切面上主拉应力相比其他位置最大，剔除了其他位置开裂后对剪切面疲劳性能的影响，从而达到试验要求。同时本发明的弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的加载装置对试件的剪力面直接进行疲劳加载，避免了传统疲劳试验系统对试件进行间接的剪力加载从而影响试验效果的问题。The above-mentioned technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages: the concrete fatigue test system under the bending and shear stress state of the present invention tests its shear strength and carries out the shear fatigue test by the test piece, and observes the concrete from the form of the test piece The failure form of shear fatigue resistance, the specimen has a relatively uniform shear stress distribution on the shear surface, so the shear surface with shear stress as the main force can be obtained, and the shear fatigue load through the bending and shear stress fatigue loading device can be obtained The fixed support applies shear fatigue loads to the two ends of the specimen in the length direction, and the loading device applies lateral compression loads and lateral tension loads to the coincident section of the first section on both ends of the specimen in the width direction to study concrete failure. morphology and crack initiation. The first section of the specimen body and the surface of the notch close to the first section are provided with reinforced steel plates, which are reinforced so that the specimen is first broken and cracked on the shear plane formed on the surface of the specimen body between the two notches , no cracks appear on the non-shear surface, so that the maximum shear stress and the maximum principal tensile stress are unified. After the steel plate is strengthened, the principal tensile stress on the shear surface is the largest compared with other locations. The impact of the fatigue performance of the cut surface, so as to meet the test requirements. At the same time, the loading device of the bending-shear fatigue loading device of the present invention directly performs fatigue loading on the shear surface of the test piece, avoiding the problem that the traditional fatigue test system performs indirect shear loading on the test piece to affect the test effect.
除了上面所描述的本发明解决的技术问题、构成的技术方案的技术特征以及有这些技术方案的技术特征所带来的优点之外，本发明的其他技术特征及这些技术特征带来的优点，将结合附图作出进一步说明。In addition to the above-described technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical features of the formed technical solutions and the advantages brought by the technical features of these technical solutions, other technical features of the present invention and the advantages brought by these technical features, Further description will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统的试件的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specimen of the concrete fatigue test system under the bending-shear stressed state of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统加载装置的侧压力加载装置的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic structural view of the side pressure loading device of the loading device of the concrete fatigue test system under the bending and shear stress state of the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统加载装置的侧拉力加载装置的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the side tension loading device of the loading device of the concrete fatigue test system under the bending and shear stress state of the embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统的剪切疲劳荷载固定支座的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the shear fatigue load fixed support of the concrete fatigue test system under the bending and shear stress state of the embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统试件的试件本体的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the specimen body of the concrete fatigue test system specimen under the bending and shear stress state of the embodiment of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统剪切疲劳荷载固定支座的第二支座的结构示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the second support of the shear fatigue load fixed support of the concrete fatigue test system under the bending and shear stress state of the embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统第二支座的基座的俯视结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of the base of the second support of the concrete fatigue test system under the state of bending and shear stress according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图中：1：试件；2：加载装置；3：剪切疲劳载荷固定支座；4：挂环；5：挂钩；11：试件本体；12：加固钢板；21：侧压力加载装置；22：侧拉力加载装置；31：第一支座；32：第二支座；111：缺口；112：第一段；113：第二段；211：第一千斤顶；212：固定架；213：第一连接板；214：第二连接板；215：第一压力传感器；221：第二千斤顶；222：套筒；223：第二压力传感器；311：基座；312：球铰支座；212a：钢管；212b：固定钢板；212c：固定钢板；222a：内套筒；222b：外套筒。In the figure: 1: Specimen; 2: Loading device; 3: Shear fatigue load fixed support; 4: Hanging ring; 5: Hook; 11: Specimen body; 12: Reinforced steel plate; 21: Lateral pressure loading device; 22: side tension loading device; 31: first support; 32: second support; 111: gap; 112: first section; 113: second section; 211: first jack; 212: fixed frame; 213: first connecting plate; 214: second connecting plate; 215: first pressure sensor; 221: second jack; 222: sleeve; 223: second pressure sensor; 311: base; 312: ball hinge Support; 212a: steel pipe; 212b: fixed steel plate; 212c: fixed steel plate; 222a: inner sleeve; 222b: outer sleeve.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”、“多根”、“多组”的含义是两个或两个以上，“若干个”、“若干根”、“若干组”的含义是一个或一个以上。In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meanings of "multiple", "multiple roots" and "multiple groups" are two or more, "several", "several roots", "several "Group" means one or more than one.
如图1、图2和图3所示，本发明实施例提供的弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统，包括试件1和弯剪受力疲劳加载装置，试件1包括试件本体11和加固钢板12，试件本体11宽度方向上相对的两个第一端面上均设有垂直于第一端面的缺口111，缺口111将其所在第一端面分为第一段112与第二段113，第一段112的长度大于第二段113的长度，一个第一端面的第一段112与另一个第一端面的第二段113相对，加固钢板12设置于第一段112与缺口111靠近其所在第一端面的第一段112的侧面上；弯剪受力疲劳加载装置包括剪切疲劳荷载固定支座3和加载装置2，剪切疲劳荷载固定支座3与试件本体11长度方向上的两个第二端面连接，以将试件1在其长度方向上固定并施加剪切疲劳载荷，加载装置2与两个第一端面的第一段112的重合段连接，以对试件1在其宽度方向上施加侧向压力与侧向拉力，实现压剪和拉剪疲劳载荷。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the concrete fatigue test system under the bending and shear stress state provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a specimen 1 and a bending and shear stress fatigue loading device, and the specimen 1 includes a specimen body 11 and the reinforced steel plate 12, the two first end faces opposite in the width direction of the test piece body 11 are provided with a notch 111 perpendicular to the first end face, and the notch 111 divides the first end face where it is located into a first segment 112 and a second segment 113, the length of the first section 112 is greater than the length of the second section 113, the first section 112 of one first end surface is opposite to the second section 113 of the other first end surface, and the reinforcing steel plate 12 is arranged between the first section 112 and the gap 111 On the side of the first section 112 close to the first end face where it is located; the bending-shear stress fatigue loading device includes a shear fatigue load fixed support 3 and a loading device 2, and the shear fatigue load fixed support 3 and the length of the specimen body 11 The two second end faces in the direction are connected to fix the test piece 1 in its length direction and apply a shear fatigue load. The loading device 2 is connected to the coincident section of the first section 112 of the two first end faces to test Part 1 exerts lateral pressure and lateral tension in its width direction to realize compressive shear and tensile shear fatigue loads.
本发明弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统的通过己字型试件来测试其抗剪强度并进行抗剪疲劳试验，从试件形式出发来观察混凝土抗剪疲劳的破坏形式，试件在剪切面上有较为均匀的剪应力分布，因此能得到以剪切受力为主的剪切面，通过弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的剪切疲劳荷载固定支座对试件长度方向上的两端面施加剪切疲劳载荷，加载装置，加载装置对试件宽度方向上的两端面上的第一段的重合段施加侧压载荷与侧拉载荷，来研究混凝土破坏形态以及裂纹的萌生等。对试件本体的第一段及靠近第一段的缺口表面设置加固钢板，对其进行加固处理，使得试件在两个缺口之间的试件本体表面形成的剪切面上最先破坏开裂，而非剪切面上不出现裂，使最大剪应力与最大主拉应力最大的位置统一，钢板加固后，剪切面上主拉应力相比其他位置最大，剔除了其他位置开裂后对剪切面疲劳性能的影响，从而达到试验要求。同时本发明的弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的加载装置对试件的剪力面直接进行疲劳加载，避免了传统疲劳试验系统对试件进行间接的剪力加载从而影响试验效果的问题。The concrete fatigue test system under the bending-shear stress state of the present invention tests its shear strength and carries out the shear fatigue test by the chevron-shaped test piece, and observes the failure form of the concrete shear fatigue from the form of the test piece. There is relatively uniform shear stress distribution on the shear surface, so a shear surface dominated by shear stress can be obtained. The shear fatigue load is applied to both ends, and the loading device applies lateral compressive load and lateral tensile load to the coincident section of the first section on both ends of the specimen in the width direction to study the concrete failure form and crack initiation. The first section of the specimen body and the surface of the notch close to the first section are provided with reinforced steel plates, which are reinforced so that the specimen is first broken and cracked on the shear plane formed on the surface of the specimen body between the two notches , no cracks appear on the non-shear surface, so that the maximum shear stress and the maximum principal tensile stress are unified. After the steel plate is strengthened, the principal tensile stress on the shear surface is the largest compared with other locations. The impact of the fatigue performance of the cut surface, so as to meet the test requirements. At the same time, the loading device of the bending-shear fatigue loading device of the present invention directly performs fatigue loading on the shear surface of the test piece, avoiding the problem that the traditional fatigue test system performs indirect shear loading on the test piece to affect the test effect.
其中，如图2所示，加载装置2包括侧压力加载装置21，侧压力加载装置21包括第一千斤顶211、固定架212、第一连接板213与第二连接板214，第一连接板213与第二连接板214分别于两个第一端面的第一段112的重合段连接，第一连接板213靠近所述第一千斤顶211，且第一连接板213与第一千斤顶211的活塞杆连接，第二连接板214远离第一千斤顶211，且第二连接板214与固定架212连接。弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的加载装置包括侧压力加载装置，第一连接板和第二连接板与在试件宽度方向上的第一端面的重合段连接，第一千斤顶的活塞杆对第一连接板施加压力，第二连接板被固定架抵住，试件通过第一连接板受到活塞杆的作用力，以及固定架通过第二连接板对试件施加的作用力，从而对试件施加侧压力，实现混凝土压剪受力疲劳试验。其中，第一千斤顶通常可采用液压千斤顶。Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, the loading device 2 includes a side pressure loading device 21, and the side pressure loading device 21 includes a first jack 211, a fixed frame 212, a first connecting plate 213 and a second connecting plate 214, the first connecting plate The plate 213 and the second connecting plate 214 are respectively connected at the overlapping sections of the first sections 112 of the two first end faces, the first connecting plate 213 is close to the first jack 211, and the first connecting plate 213 is connected to the first jack. The piston rod of the jack 211 is connected, the second connecting plate 214 is far away from the first jack 211 , and the second connecting plate 214 is connected to the fixing frame 212 . The loading device of the bending-shear stress fatigue loading device includes a side pressure loading device, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected with the overlapping section of the first end surface in the width direction of the specimen, and the piston rod of the first jack is The first connecting plate exerts pressure, the second connecting plate is resisted by the fixed frame, the test piece receives the force of the piston rod through the first connecting plate, and the force exerted by the fixed frame on the test piece through the second connecting plate, so that the test piece The lateral pressure is applied to the components to realize the concrete compression shear fatigue test. Wherein, the first jack can generally adopt a hydraulic jack.
具体的，第一连接板213与第一千斤顶211的活塞杆的连接处设有第一压力传感器215。在活塞杆推动第一连接板时，第一压力传感器可检测到活塞杆的施力情况，并严格控制压力值。Specifically, a first pressure sensor 215 is provided at the connection between the first connecting plate 213 and the piston rod of the first jack 211 . When the piston rod pushes the first connecting plate, the first pressure sensor can detect the force applied by the piston rod and strictly control the pressure value.
进一步的，固定架212包括两根钢管212a及固定钢板212b和固定钢212c，两根钢管212a分别位于试件1厚度方向上的两侧，钢管212a的两端分别与固定钢板212b和固定钢板212c连接，且钢管212a的管身依次穿过第一连接板213和第二连接板214。第一千斤顶、第一压力传感器及试件均设置于固定架的两个固定钢板与两根钢管连接形成的空间之内，固定钢板保持固定位置不动，钢管穿过第一连接板与第二连接板固定两个连接板的所在位置，使其保持与试件表面的紧密接触连接，在第一千斤顶的活塞杆推出时，固定架与第二连接板共同作用对试件施加反向于第一连接板对试件施加的压力的作用力。Further, the fixing frame 212 includes two steel pipes 212a, a fixed steel plate 212b and a fixed steel 212c, the two steel pipes 212a are respectively located on both sides in the thickness direction of the test piece 1, and the two ends of the steel pipe 212a are connected to the fixed steel plate 212b and the fixed steel plate 212c respectively. connected, and the pipe body of the steel pipe 212a passes through the first connecting plate 213 and the second connecting plate 214 in sequence. The first jack, the first pressure sensor and the test piece are all arranged in the space formed by the connection between the two fixed steel plates and the two steel pipes of the fixed frame, the fixed steel plates remain in a fixed position, and the steel pipes pass through the first connecting plate and the The second connecting plate fixes the positions of the two connecting plates so as to keep them in close contact with the surface of the test piece. When the piston rod of the first jack is pushed out, the fixing frame and the second connecting plate work together to exert pressure on the test piece. The force acting against the pressure exerted on the specimen by the first connecting plate.
其中，如图3所示，加载装置2还包括侧拉力加载装置22，侧拉力加载装置22包括第二千斤顶221和套筒222，套筒222包括内套筒222a与外套筒222b，第二千斤顶221设置于外套桶222b内，且第二千斤顶221的缸体与外套桶222b的一端的内端面连接，第二千斤顶221的活塞杆与内套筒222a的一端的外端面连接，外套筒222b的另一端的外端面与内套筒222a的另一端的内端面分别与两个第一端面的第一段113的重合段连接。弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的加载装置还包括侧拉力加载装置，第二千斤顶的活塞杆被推出时，活塞杆推动内套筒运动，内套筒对其连接的第一端面的重合段施加拉应力，第二千斤顶的缸体相对于活塞反向运动，从而与其连接的外套桶也相对于内套筒反向运动，对其连接的第一端面的重合段施加反向拉应力，从而对试件施加侧拉力，实现混凝土拉剪受力疲劳试验。其中，第二千斤顶通常采用液压千斤顶。Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, the loading device 2 also includes a side tension loading device 22, the side tension loading device 22 includes a second jack 221 and a sleeve 222, the sleeve 222 includes an inner sleeve 222a and an outer sleeve 222b, The second jack 221 is arranged in the outer sleeve 222b, and the cylinder body of the second jack 221 is connected with the inner end surface of one end of the outer sleeve 222b, and the piston rod of the second jack 221 is connected with one end of the inner sleeve 222a. The outer end surface of the other end of the outer sleeve 222b and the inner end surface of the other end of the inner sleeve 222a are respectively connected to the overlapping sections of the first section 113 of the two first end surfaces. The loading device of the bending-shear stress fatigue loading device also includes a side tension loading device. When the piston rod of the second jack is pushed out, the piston rod pushes the inner sleeve to move, and the overlapping section of the first end surface connected by the inner sleeve to it When tensile stress is applied, the cylinder body of the second jack moves in reverse relative to the piston, so that the outer barrel connected to it also moves in reverse relative to the inner sleeve, and a reverse tensile stress is applied to the coincident section of the first end face connected to it , so as to apply lateral tension to the specimen to realize the concrete tension-shear fatigue test. Wherein, the second jack usually adopts a hydraulic jack.
具体的，第二千斤顶221的活塞杆与内套筒222a的一端的外端面的连接处设有第二压力传感器223。在活塞杆推动内套筒运动时，第二压力传感器可检测到活塞杆的施力情况，并严格控制拉力值。Specifically, a second pressure sensor 223 is provided at the joint between the piston rod of the second jack 221 and the outer end surface of one end of the inner sleeve 222a. When the piston rod pushes the inner sleeve to move, the second pressure sensor can detect the force applied by the piston rod and strictly control the tension value.
进一步的，两个第一端面的第一段112的重合段上设有挂环4，外套桶222b的另一端的外端面与内套筒222a的另一端的内端面上均设有与挂环4相对应的挂钩5，挂钩5与挂环4挂接，以实现试件1与套筒222的连接。采用挂环与挂钩的挂接形式，使外套桶和内套筒分别两个第一端面的第一段的重合段连接，通过外套桶与内套筒的相对反向移动，对试件的两侧的重合段施加反向作用力，以实现对试件的侧拉力疲劳试验，结构简单，便于拆卸安装。Further, the overlapping section of the first section 112 of the two first end faces is provided with a hanging ring 4, and the outer end face of the other end of the outer sleeve 222b and the inner end face of the other end of the inner sleeve 222a are all provided with a hanging ring 4. 4 corresponds to the hook 5, and the hook 5 is hooked with the hanging ring 4 to realize the connection between the test piece 1 and the sleeve 222. The hooking form of the hanging ring and the hook is used to connect the overlapping sections of the first sections of the two first end faces of the outer barrel and the inner sleeve respectively, and through the relative reverse movement of the outer barrel and the inner sleeve, the two sides of the test piece The overlapping section of the side exerts a reverse force to realize the side tension fatigue test of the specimen. The structure is simple and easy to disassemble and install.
其中，如图4所示，固定支座3包括第一支座31与第二支座32，第一支座31与第二支座32分别与试件本体11长度方向上的两个第二端面连接，第一支座31包括基座311与球铰支座312，基座311一端面与第二端面连接，基座311另一端面设有弧形面的凹陷，且凹陷与球铰支座312的端面的球面凸起相配合接触连接。弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的剪切疲劳荷载固定支座用于固定试件本体，并对试件施加剪切疲劳载荷，第一支座与第二支座对试件的固定方向为沿试件本体的长度方向，与加载装置的施力方向垂直，在保证固定牢靠的情况下，为了消除偏心受压的影响，确保混凝土试件受力均匀，将第一支座设计为与试件连接的基座和与助动器连接的球铰支座，球铰支座与基座表面通过弧面相配合基础连接。如图6和图7所示，本实施例中基座的长度L7为100mm，高度L8为30mm，弧形面凹陷的深度L10为10mm，在基座端面上的圆形半径L13为45mm，球铰支座的长度L12为100mm，高度L9为35mm，其中球面凸起的高度L11为15mm。Wherein, as shown in FIG. 4, the fixed support 3 includes a first support 31 and a second support 32, and the first support 31 and the second support 32 are respectively connected to two second supports in the length direction of the test piece body 11. The end face is connected, the first support 31 includes a base 311 and a ball joint support 312, one end face of the base 311 is connected to the second end face, and the other end face of the base 311 is provided with a concave arc-shaped surface, and the depression and the ball joint support The spherical protrusions on the end surface of the seat 312 are mated and contacted. The shear fatigue load fixed support of the bending-shear fatigue loading device is used to fix the specimen body and apply shear fatigue load to the specimen. The fixing direction of the first support and the second support to the specimen is along the The length direction of the piece body is perpendicular to the direction of force applied by the loading device. In order to eliminate the influence of eccentric compression and ensure the uniform force of the concrete specimen under the condition of ensuring firm fixation, the first support is designed to be connected with the specimen. The base and the spherical joint support connected with the actuator, the spherical joint support and the surface of the base are connected through the arc surface. As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the length L7 of base in the present embodiment is 100mm, and height L8 is 30mm, and the depth L10 of arc surface depression is 10mm, and the circular radius L13 on base end face is 45mm, and ball The length L12 of the hinge support is 100 mm, the height L9 is 35 mm, and the height L11 of the spherical protrusion is 15 mm.
另外，加固钢板12的厚度为3mm。钢板与混凝土之间采用固结约束，钢板与混凝土采用建筑结构胶黏结。如图5所示，本实施例中试件本体的厚度为10mm，总长度L6为440mm，宽度L1为360mm，第一段的长度L2为270mm，第二段的长度L3为150mm，缺口的宽度L4为20mm，深度L5为180mm。In addition, the thickness of the reinforcing steel plate 12 is 3 mm. Consolidation constraints are used between the steel plate and concrete, and the steel plate and concrete are bonded with building structural glue. As shown in Figure 5, the thickness of the test piece body in this embodiment is 10mm, the total length L6 is 440mm, the width L1 is 360mm, the length L2 of the first section is 270mm, the length L3 of the second section is 150mm, and the width of the gap L4 is 20mm and depth L5 is 180mm.
其中，试件本体11厚度方向上两个缺口12之间的表面上连接有应变片或检测装置。疲劳荷载作用下，混凝土试件斜裂缝萌生寿命及裂缝开展形式，并通过黏贴应变片的方式研究剪切模量变化规律及主拉应力幅值的变化规律。由于研究重点在于以剪切受力为主的混凝土试件在疲劳荷载作用下的静态及疲劳性能，故在剪切面上需留出黏贴应变片以及其他测试仪器等。Wherein, a strain gauge or a detection device is connected to the surface between the two notches 12 in the thickness direction of the test piece body 11 . Under the action of fatigue load, the initiation life of oblique cracks and the development form of cracks in concrete specimens were studied, and the variation law of shear modulus and the amplitude of principal tensile stress were studied by pasting strain gauges. Since the research focus is on the static and fatigue performance of concrete specimens under fatigue loads mainly under shear stress, it is necessary to leave adhesive strain gauges and other testing instruments on the shear plane.
综上所述，本发明弯剪受力状态下混凝土疲劳试验系统的通过己字型试件来测试其抗剪强度并进行抗剪疲劳试验，从试件形式出发来观察混凝土抗剪疲劳的破坏形式，试件在剪切面上有较为均匀的剪应力分布，因此能得到以剪切受力为主的剪切面，通过弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的剪切疲劳荷载固定支座对试件长度方向上的两端面施加剪切疲劳载荷，加载装置对试件宽度方向上的两端面上的第一段的重合段施加侧压载荷与侧拉载荷，来研究混凝土破坏形态以及裂纹的萌生等。对试件本体的第一段及靠近第一段的缺口表面设置加固钢板，对其进行加固处理，使得试件在两个缺口之间的试件本体表面形成的剪切面上最先破坏开裂，而非剪切面上不出现裂，使最大剪应力与最大主拉应力最大的位置统一，钢板加固后，剪切面上主拉应力相比其他位置最大，剔除了其他位置开裂后对剪切面疲劳性能的影响，从而达到试验要求。同时本发明的弯剪受力疲劳加载装置的加载装置对试件的剪力面直接进行疲劳加载，避免了传统疲劳试验系统对试件进行间接的剪力加载从而影响试验效果的问题。In summary, under the bending and shear stress state of the present invention, the concrete fatigue test system tests its shear strength and carries out the shear fatigue test by the H-shaped test piece, and observes the damage of the concrete shear fatigue from the form of the test piece form, the specimen has a relatively uniform shear stress distribution on the shear surface, so the shear surface with shear force as the main force can be obtained, and the shear fatigue load of the bending and shear fatigue loading device is used to fix the support to the test The shear fatigue load is applied to the two ends of the specimen in the length direction, and the loading device applies lateral compression load and lateral tension load to the coincident section of the first section on the two ends of the specimen in the width direction to study the concrete failure mode and the initiation of cracks. Wait. The first section of the specimen body and the surface of the notch close to the first section are provided with reinforced steel plates, which are reinforced so that the specimen is first broken and cracked on the shear plane formed on the surface of the specimen body between the two notches , no cracks appear on the non-shear surface, so that the maximum shear stress and the maximum principal tensile stress are unified. After the steel plate is strengthened, the principal tensile stress on the shear surface is the largest compared with other locations. The impact of the fatigue performance of the cut surface, so as to meet the test requirements. At the same time, the loading device of the bending-shear fatigue loading device of the present invention directly performs fatigue loading on the shear surface of the test piece, avoiding the problem that the traditional fatigue test system performs indirect shear loading on the test piece to affect the test effect.
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
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| CN112964547A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-06-15 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Steel plate delayed cracking test sample plate bending device for high-strength automobile |
| CN114397198A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-26 | 南通理工学院 | Novel test method for Z-shaped precast crack concrete shear strength test specimen |
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