Aseismatic bearing
Technical field
This invention relates to the aseismatic bearing used in building, traffic bridge technical field, and specifically one has excellent
The aseismatic bearing of good anti-seismic performance.
Background technology
Earthquake brings heavy damage to various building structure, elevated bridge.Seismic isolation technology is seismic resistance field in the last thirty years
Development faster and the most perfect a special kind of skill, is currently mainly applied to building, bridge field.
Under or some reason relatively big at earthquake magnitude, structure " the most anti-" has been difficult to meet intended shockproof when requiring, uses shock insulation
Technology reduces the input seismic energy of structure, it is possible to reach good effect.The essential of shock insulation be make structure or parts with
Earthquake ground motion or the support movement that may cause destruction are separated, and cut off the route of transmission of seismic energy, make to be input to
Seismic force on building structure and energy reduce, thus reduce the earthquake response of superstructure, reach expected from set up defences requirement.
This separation or decoupling are to arrange Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer by the specific part in engineering structure, arrange isolator, antivibrator
Or other auxiliary equipments, to extend the natural vibration period of total system, to increase structural damping, so that structure is made in earthquake
Dynamic response (acceleration, speed, displacement) under with obtains conservative control, it is ensured that people, instrument in structure itself and structure, set
Ground safety such as standby, finishing and be in and use environment normally.
By the difference of energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing principle, shock insulation type includes laminated rubber bases shock insulation, lead core rubber support shock insulation, rolling
Pearl (or roller bearing) shock insulation, hang base isolation, wave bearing shock insulation, sliding support shock insulation etc..
As a example by laminated rubber bases, it is simply that by arranging the rubber layer of multilamellar, play the effect of cushion impact forces, but
Can not fundamentally solve above-mentioned problem.
Still measuring from increase elastic force for this most making and send out, the novel making of development of new, such as China are specially
Bearing disclosed in profit application CN102839751B, it is simply that slow down antidetonation by increasing vertically arranged butterfly spring.This
The making planting structure has preferable discomposing effect for the impulsive force on vertical direction, but for the decomposition in horizontal direction
DeGrain.
Applicant is found by research, for the Seismic mechanism of horizontal impact power and vertical direction impulsive force in earthquake not
With, wherein, the Seismic mechanism of vertical direction impulsive force is to be produced by building, the deadweight of bridge self in the vertical direction
Small elevating movement balances out, and utilization is that gravitional force does work mechanism, in horizontal direction, currently with mainly
Elastic buffer, a kind of bearing that such as Chinese patent CN203891201 provides, the most just it is provided with buffer spring,
By spring, it is buffered, but spring only has certain shock-absorbing capacity, for the consumption of energy and absorptance relatively
Few, the result so caused is exactly building or bridge still there will be violent, rock for a long time, damping effect is not
Preferable.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides aseismatic bearing, for house, steel construction, bridge, high iron-based
Antidetonation in plinth engineering, will solve existing anti-seismic structure and can not effectively decompose and the problem of consumption level shearing force, solve simultaneously
The certainly problem of property easy for installation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Aseismatic bearing, described aseismatic bearing includes the first plate, the second plate and the 3rd plate be arrangeding in parallel from top to bottom;
Wherein, the upper surface at the first plate is provided with the first installation portion, and the lower surface at the first plate is provided with the first grafting
Plate and the first Buffer Unit, wherein the first plugboard is the multiple and equally spaced downside being fixed on the first plate, the first plugboard
Perpendicular to one another with the first plate in upper end;Described first Buffer Unit is fixed on the both sides of the first plugboard, and is positioned at the first plugboard
The two ends of array;
Arrange the first auxiliary clamping plate in the first plugboard array both sides, the first auxiliary clamping plate are trapezium structure, described first
Plugboard and the first auxiliary clamping plate lower surface are rolled by cylindrical roller and the second plate and coordinate;Between the first plugboard two-by-two
The lower surface of the first plate is provided with the first cylindrical roller groove placed in the middle;
Described first installation portion is centrally located, and has rubber spacer and pin to install in the first installation portion surface configuration
Hole, is provided with a groove coordinated with the first installation portion, described first installation portion in the bottom of prefabricated buildings bearing column
It is positioned at groove and is connected by pin;
The 3rd plugboard, the 3rd Buffer Unit, the second auxiliary clamping plate and the second installation portion it is provided with on described 3rd plate, the
Three plugboards and the first plugboard structure are identical, and described 3rd Buffer Unit and the first Buffer Unit structure are identical, and the described 3rd
Plugboard is multiple and is equidistantly fixed on the upside of the 3rd plate, arranges the second auxiliary clamping plate in the 3rd plugboard array both sides,
Second auxiliary clamping plate and the first additional lock plate structure are identical, and cylinder is passed through in described 3rd plugboard and the second auxiliary clamping plate lower surface
Roller and the second plate roll and coordinate, and are provided with the 3rd circle placed in the middle in the lower surface of the first plate between the 3rd plugboard two-by-two
Post roller groove;
Described second installation portion is to be welded on the steel plate on the downside of the 3rd plate, is centrally located, and at the second installation portion surface anchor
Bolt, is fixed on ground by the way of pouring in advance;
Upper surface surface configuration at the second plate has the second plugboard, the second cylindrical roller groove and the second Buffer Unit,
Described second plugboard, the second Buffer Unit and described first plugboard, the first Buffer Unit structure are identical, described second grafting
It is attached socket connection between plate and the first plugboard and fits in side;
Lower surface at the second plate is provided with the 4th plugboard, the 4th cylindrical roller groove and the 4th Buffer Unit, described
4th plugboard, the 4th Buffer Unit and described 3rd plugboard, the 3rd Buffer Unit structure are identical, described 4th plugboard and
3rd plugboard carries out socket connection and fits in side;
Described second plugboard and the 4th plugboard are arranged substantially perpendicular to each other;
Be inlaid with the brake block being equidistantly spaced in the both sides of the first plugboard to the 4th plugboard, centre is smooth
Position, and smooth department bit width is equal to the width of brake block;
Brake block on described first plugboard and the brake block on the second plugboard shift to install;Described 3rd plugboard
On brake block and brake block on the 4th plugboard shift to install;And between the first plate and the second plate and the second plate and
Between 3rd plate, safety pin and seal sleeve are set.
Further, described first plugboard is the steel plate of 20 centimetres, and the size of the first plugboard is 40 centimetres wide, 10 lis
Meter Gao, the gap of two adjacent first plugboards is 20 millimeters;Described second plugboard, the 3rd plugboard, the 4th plugboard with
First plugboard specification is identical.
Further, described first Buffer Unit includes the projection downwardly extended from the first plate, fixing inside described projection
One leaf spring, the two ends of described leaf spring are fixed in projection by steady pin.
Described first Buffer Unit (13) is the hydraulic cylinder that internal oil passages is closed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, carry out contact by the plugboard of setting intersected with each other between three plates to coordinate, and plugboard and three plates it
Between for cylindrical roller coordinate, there is good rolling characteristics and steering capability so that the starting stage of earthquake can start rapidly,
Improve the sensitivity of antidetonation usefulness, it is to avoid occur that the initial stage is depressed, the phenomenon that the later stage starts suddenly, improves anti seismic efficiency.
Traditional bearing, only just can start suddenly in the case of earthquake intensity reaches certain numerical value.
2, coordinated by spaced brake block between the most adjacent plugboard, and be to be interrupted, discontinuous
Cooperation, when earthquake occurs, the amplitude of the horizontal force of earthquake can be decomposed, be decomposed into the vibration of frequency low-amplitude, change
Become the earthquake vibration cycle, effectively raise anti-seismic performance.
3, carry out contact by the plugboard of setting intersected with each other between three plates to coordinate, and plugboard and three plates it
Between coordinate for cylindrical roller, on vertical, there is preferable rigidity, bigger carrier can be born.
4, for purely mechanic structure, it is possible to meet long-term non-maintaining operation, and primary friction power occurs between plugboard
At friction plate, friction plate selects automobile brake sheet, maintenance-free.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of dedicated shock-proof bearing.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the first plate.
Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the initial acceleration state expanded view between adjacent plugboard.
Fig. 5 is the deceleration regime expanded view between adjacent plugboard.
Fig. 6 is the sectional drawing of the first plugboard.
Fig. 7 is the acceleration in seismic process between adjacent plugboard.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of embodiment two.
In figure: 1 first plate, 11 first installation portions, 111 rubber spacers, 12 first plugboards, 121 first cylindrical rollers are recessed
Groove, 13 first Buffer Units, 131 projections, 132 leaf springs, 14 first auxiliary clamping plate, 2 second plates, 21 second plugboards, 22 second
Cylindrical roller groove, 23 second Buffer Units, 24 the 4th plugboards, 25 the 4th cylindrical roller grooves, 26 the 4th Buffer Units, 3
3rd plate, 31 the 3rd Buffer Units, 32 second installation portions, 33 the 3rd plugboards, 331 the 3rd cylindrical roller grooves, 4 cylinder rollings
Son, 4 ' cylindrical rollers, 5 safety pins, 6 seal sleeves.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, for existing defect, the protection main body of the present invention is as follows:
Exploitation is aseismatic bearing, being described in detail dedicated shock-proof bearing in detail below:
Embodiment one, dedicated shock-proof bearing, including the first plate the 1, second plate 2 and the 3rd plate 3 arranged from top to bottom.
Wherein, the first plate 1 uses the steel plate that thickness is at least 20 millimeters, and the upper surface of the first plate 1 is provided with first
Installation portion 11, is welded to connect between the two, the first installation portion 11 for and prefabricated buildings be attached, the first plate 1 time
Surface configuration has the first plugboard 12 and the first Buffer Unit 13.Wherein the first plugboard 12 is multiple, is welded on uniformly
The downside of one plate 1.The steel plate that the first above-mentioned plugboard 12 uses thickness to be 20 centimetres, the size of the first plugboard 12 is 40 lis
Meter Kuan, 10 centimetres are high, and the first plugboard 12 upper end is welded to connect with the first plate 1, and is relation perpendicular to one another between the two, and two
The clearance control of individual first plugboard 12 at 20 millimeters, the depth of parallelism between the first plugboard 12 control positive and negative 0.1 millimeter it
Between.
It is parallel to each other between above-mentioned multiple first plugboards, and rule arrangement.
Arrange the first auxiliary clamping plate 14 in the first plugboard 12 array both sides, the first auxiliary clamping plate are trapezium structure, thickness
More than the thickness of the first plugboard 12, being provided with a row cylinder roller 4 in the lower surface of the first plugboard 12, cylindrical roller sets side by side
Put, and the least significant end of cylindrical roller exposes the outside of the first plugboard, is formed and rolls cooperation.
Being provided with two row cylinder rollers 4 in the lower surface of the first auxiliary clamping plate 14, cylindrical roller is set up in parallel, and cylindrical roller
Least significant end expose the outside of the first clamping plate, formed to roll and coordinate.
The lower surface of the first plate between the first plugboard 12 two-by-two is provided with the first cylindrical roller groove placed in the middle
121, for coordinating with the cylindrical roller on the 3rd plate.
One of best mode of first Buffer Unit 13 is: include the projection 131 downwardly extended from the first plate, inside projection
Fixing a leaf spring 132, the two ends of leaf spring 132 are fixed in projection by steady pin.The first above-mentioned Buffer Unit is fixed on
The both sides of the first plugboard, and it is positioned at the two ends of the first plugboard array, for extreme position between the first plate and the second plate
Buffering.
First installation portion 11 is the steel plate being welded on the first plate top, is centrally located, and in the first installation portion surface configuration
There are rubber spacer 111, and a pin installing hole, corresponding, one and the it is provided with in the bottom of prefabricated buildings bearing column
The groove that one installation portion coordinates, is provided with pin in groove, pin is tapered dowel, for coordinating with pin installing hole memory.
3rd plate 3 is essentially identical with the first plate structure, and the 3rd plate 3 uses the steel plate that thickness is at least 20 millimeters, and
The lower surface of three plates 3 is provided with the second installation portion 32, and the 3rd installation portion is for being attached, at the 3rd plate 3 with prefabricated buildings
Upper surface be provided with the 3rd plugboard 33 and the 3rd Buffer Unit 31.Wherein the 3rd plugboard 33 is multiple, welds uniformly
Upside at the 3rd plate.The steel plate that the 3rd above-mentioned plugboard 33 uses thickness to be 20 centimetres, the size of the 3rd plugboard 33 is
40 centimetres are wide, and 10 centimetres are high, and the 3rd plugboard lower end is welded to connect with the 3rd plate, and are relation perpendicular to one another between the two,
The clearance control of two the 3rd plugboards 33 at 20 millimeters, the depth of parallelism between the 3rd plugboard control positive and negative 0.1 millimeter it
Between.
It is parallel to each other between above-mentioned multiple 3rd plugboards, and rule arrangement.
Arrange the second auxiliary clamping plate 34 in the 3rd plugboard 33 array both sides, the second auxiliary clamping plate 34 are trapezium structure, thick
Degree, more than the thickness of the 3rd plugboard, is provided with a row cylinder roller 4 ' in the upper surface of the 3rd plugboard 33, and cylindrical roller is arranged side by side
Arrange, and the least significant end of cylindrical roller exposes the outside of the 3rd plugboard, is formed and rolls cooperation.
Being provided with two row cylinder rollers 4 ' in the upper surface of the second auxiliary clamping plate 34, cylindrical roller is set up in parallel, and cylinder rolling
The least significant end of son exposes the outside of three-ply board, is formed and rolls cooperation.
The lower surface of the first plate between the 3rd plugboard 33 two-by-two is provided with the 3rd cylindrical roller groove placed in the middle
331, for coordinating with the cylindrical roller on the second plate.
One of best mode of 3rd Buffer Unit 31 is: include from the 3rd upwardly extending projection of plate, solid inside projection
A fixed leaf spring, the two ends of leaf spring are fixed in projection by steady pin.The 3rd above-mentioned Buffer Unit is fixed on the 3rd grafting
The both sides of plate, and it is positioned at the two ends of the 3rd plugboard array, structure is identical with the first Buffer Unit.
Second installation portion 32 is to be welded on the steel plate on the downside of the 3rd plate, is centrally located, and in the second installation portion surface crab-bolt
321, it is fixed on by the way of pouring in advance on ground, has completed to connect.
Second plate 2 uses the steel plate that thickness is at least 20 millimeters, and has second to insert in the upper surface surface configuration of the second plate
Fishplate bar the 21, second cylindrical roller groove 22 and the second Buffer Unit 23, the second plugboard and the second Buffer Unit and above-mentioned the
One plugboard and the first Buffer Unit structure are identical, are not repeating, and for being attached grafting even with the first plugboard
Connect.
Lower surface at the second plate 2 is provided with the 4th plugboard the 24, the 4th cylindrical roller groove 25 and the 4th Buffer Unit
26, the 4th plugboard and the 4th Buffer Unit are identical with the 3rd above-mentioned plugboard and the 3rd Buffer Unit structure, do not exist
Repeat, and for being attached socket connection with the 3rd plugboard.
The second above-mentioned plugboard and the 4th plugboard are arranged substantially perpendicular to each other.
As a kind of optimal mode, the first above-mentioned plugboard is identical to the structure of the 4th plugboard, with first
Illustrate as a example by plugboard, be inlaid with brake block 122 in the both sides of the first plugboard 12, with reference to Fig. 6, above-mentioned brake block
122 is tabular, is embedded in the both sides of the first plate, is arranged symmetrically in relation to each other, and brake block is intervally installed, and centre is smooth department
Position 123, and spacing distance is equal to the width of brake block, forms the pattern shown in Fig. 2.
Brake block 122 on first plugboard 12 shifts to install with the brake block 122 ' on the second plugboard 21, i.e. first
The brake block 122 ' of corresponding second plugboard in smooth position 123 of plugboard, meanwhile, the smooth position 123 ' of the second plugboard is right
Answer the brake block 122 of the first plugboard, form Fig. 4 expanded view, and use safety pin 5 to position, the installation that safety pin is optimal
Position is between two adjacent and relative Buffer Units, and under non-earthquake state, safety pin locks, it is ensured that above-mentioned first to the
Geo-stationary between three plates, earthquake early period of origination, safety pin fractures, and for original state, this fit system can be formed quickly
Start-up mode, the startup that the beneficially first plugboard and the second plugboard slide relatively
So that dedicated shock-proof bearing has dust-proof effect, between the first plate and the second plate and the second plate the 3rd plate
Use seal sleeve 6 to be packaged, form a kind of dustless structure.
When earthquake occurs, safety pin can be cut off under the effect of horizontal shear force, the first plugboard and the second grafting
Can be formed between plate and a kind of relatively slide, at the initial stage of slip, the brake block on the first plugboard 12 can and the second plugboard on
Smooth position coordinates. and with reference to Fig. 4, frictional force during startup is less, it is possible to achieve quickly start, it is to avoid stuck, simultaneously as on
Between the first plugboard and the second plugboard stated, and it is that many groups are arranged in a crossed manner between the 3rd plugboard and the 4th plugboard
, rigidity, stability and tilting moment are all fine, safety requirements, after first, second plugboard starts and slides, and then, the
One, the brake block on the second plugboard comes into contact with, and forms sliding friction, the brake block owing to just starting, on two plugboards
Contact area is less, from friction formula, now accelerates relatively big, relatively slides and be still within boost phase, work as brake block
After overlap is more than half, owing to the frictional force between brake block increases, have a speed-down action, and substantial amounts of consumption seismic energy
Amount, after the brake block on equivalent plugboard completely disengages from, completes speed-down action, and during due to earthquake, the amplitude of horizontal direction is general
Relatively big, enter next cycle, in the process, it is ensured that be used in acceleration repeatedly between the plugboard of both sides and slowed down
Journey, wherein acceleration a forms pulse pattern, positive and negative reciprocal switching, can be divided into by the seismic amplitude that big multiple little
Aseismatic bearing Self-oscillation amplitude, and brake block and brake block can produce substantial amounts of heat in friction process, carries out vibrational energy
Consuming, consume the energy that earthquake brings, effect is significantly larger than normally used spring, butterfly spring etc..Low by earthquake simultaneously
Panel height amplitude motion, switches to the frequency low-amplitude action of building, the beneficially self-protection of building, bridge.
The existence of above-mentioned cylindrical roller can ensure that the smooth and easy of startup, and avoids between low temperature plugboard and the first plate
Frictional dissipation, protects plugboard, has guide effect simultaneously, prevents from occurring between two adjacent plates stuck phenomenon,
Actual friction work occurs at brake block.
Above-mentioned aseismatic bearing can be widely used in the environment of building, bridge.
Embodiment two,
With reference to Fig. 8, deform as one, the hydraulic cylinder that above-mentioned described first Buffer Unit 13 is closed for internal oil passages,
That is, hydraulic cylinder body is fixed on the first plate and the 3rd plate, and is arranged in pairs, after oil circuit is closed in hydraulic cylinder, form a resistance
Buddhist nun's structure, can carry out spacing and buffering to the left and right of bearing, slide anteroposterior position.
Embodiment described above is only to be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the not model to the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of designing spirit without departing from the present invention, the relevant technical staff in the field's various changes to the present invention
Shape and improvement, all should expand in protection domain as determined by claims of the present invention.