CN1060863C - 用于运输装置的供发射和/或接收毫米波的带天线的模件 - Google Patents

用于运输装置的供发射和/或接收毫米波的带天线的模件 Download PDF

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CN1060863C
CN1060863C CN95104588A CN95104588A CN1060863C CN 1060863 C CN1060863 C CN 1060863C CN 95104588 A CN95104588 A CN 95104588A CN 95104588 A CN95104588 A CN 95104588A CN 1060863 C CN1060863 C CN 1060863C
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millimeter wave
conducting plate
vehicle
dielectric waveguide
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石川容平
谷崎透
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
    • G01S7/032—Constructional details for solid-state radar subsystems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/28—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave comprising elements constituting electric discontinuities and spaced in direction of wave propagation, e.g. dielectric elements or conductive elements forming artificial dielectric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0068—Dielectric waveguide fed arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
    • G01S2013/93271—Sensor installation details in the front of the vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
    • G01S2013/93275—Sensor installation details in the bumper area

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  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于运输装置的供发射和/或接收毫米波的带天线的模件，它能够安装在移动物体上，并且基本上不会影响移动物体的外观。其中，用于车辆的雷达头(1)具有平板形状，包括毫米波集成电路部分和平面天线部分。雷达头(1)安装在车辆(80)前部缓冲器(81)上的车辆识别号码牌的安装部位(81A)上，使隙缝天线(33)面向车辆的前方。号码牌(70)用能够使毫米波以低损失方式通过的材料制成。

Description

用于运输装置的供发射和/或接收毫米波的带天线的模件
本发明涉及的是一种通信装置，更具体地说涉及一种用于运输装置的供发射和／或接收毫米波的带天线的模件，以便测量移动物体(例如车辆、船舶等)之间的相互距离以及与在其前方(或者后方)行驶的其他移动物体之间的相对速度，同时在移动物体之间进行通信。
以车辆的情况为例，可以在车辆的前部(或后部)安装车载通信装置，用于测量车辆之间的相互距离以及与其前方(或后方)行驶的车辆之间的相对速度，同时进行车辆之间的通信。这样的通信装置可以由例如耿氏振荡器、环行器、定向耦合器、混频器、天线组成。在高性能通信系统中，为了系统的S／N比(信噪比)或C／N比(载波／噪音比)，同时能够防止其他通信系统的干扰，需要选用具有高指向性和高增益的天线。为此，就需要采用具有较大面积和深度的天线。因此，通信装置须要占据车辆前部(或后部)的较大面积，这样会显著改变车辆的外观，影响车辆的外观设计。
在现有技术中，文件“机动车辆用的电子车牌(An ElectronicLicense Plate for Motor Vehicles)”(RCA REVIEW，第35卷，1974年6月)提到该车牌包括一个由可见的车牌号显示部分覆盖的印刷电路天线、一个倍频器、一个调制器和一个射频检测器。然而，此电子车牌没有使用非辐射性电介质波导(NRD波导)。
此外，文件“用于微波平面天线的作为馈送器的泄漏NRD波导(Leaky NRD Guide as a Feeder for Microwave PlanarAntennas)”(IEEE TRANSACTIONS OF ANTENNAS ANDPROPAGATION，第41卷，第12号，1993年12月)提到过一种用于微波平面天线的作为馈送器的泄漏NRD波导，然而，该文件没有涉及具有NRD波导的毫米波集成电路。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于移动物体的薄型通信装置，特别是用于运输装置的供发射和／或接收毫米波的带天线的模件，它能安装在移动物体中，并基本上不改变移动物体的外观。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的用于移动物体的通信装置包括：
(A)毫米波集成电路部分，它由两个平行的导电平板以及设置在上述两个导电平板之间的电介质片和电功能元件组成；
(B)平面天线部分，它由两个平行的导电平板、设置在上述两个导电平板之间的电介质片、以及设置在上述两个平行导电平板中一个上的开口构成；
其特征是：
(C)至少使构成上述毫米波集成电路部分的两个平行导电平板中的一个和构成上述平面天线部分的两个导电平板中的一个形成位于同一平面上的整体，并将它安装在车辆识别牌的背后，该识别牌采用能够让微波以低损失通过的材料制成。
上述能够让毫米波以低损失通过的材料可以是聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、用纤维加强的聚丙稀(FRPP)、ABS等树脂材料。
在将安装在移动物体前部(或后部)的通信装置用作雷达头时，毫米波集成电路部分传送的毫米波由平面天线部分向外发射，穿过识别牌，一部分到达在其前方(或后方)运动的移动物体后，经过该移动物体予以反射，再穿过上述识别牌，入射到平面天线部分之中。
当采用上述通信装置作为移动物体之间的通信工具时，在发送信号时，将需要发送的信息在毫米波集成电路部分中转换成毫米波，由平面天线部分予以发射，穿过识别牌传送到在其前方(或后方)运动的移动物体中的天线。相反，在接受信号时，由在其前方(或后方)行驶的移动物体的通信装置的天线发射的毫米波(通信信息)穿过识别牌，到达平面天线部分，进行信号接收。在这样的情况下，用于移动物体的通信装置不一定限于是能够同时发送信号和接收信号的系统，也可以是仅仅能够进行信号发送和信号接收中的一种操作的系统。
这样，由于至少使构成毫米波集成电路部分的两个导电平板中的一个和构成平面天线部分的两个导电平板中的一个形成位于同一平面上的整体，从而使用于移动物体的通信装置具有平板状的薄形结构，能够安装在识别牌的背后或内部，不会暴露在移动物体表面上。
此外，本发明的用于移动物体的通信装置包括：
(D)毫米波集成电路部分，它具有设置在两个导电平板之间的电介质片和电功能元件；以及
(E)平面天线部分，它具有设置在上述两个导电平板之间的电介质片以及设置在上述两个导电平板中一个上的开口；
其特征是：
(F)该通信装置安装在识别牌的背后或内部，该识别牌采用能够让毫米波以低损失通过的材料制成。
上述通信装置结构简单，成本低廉。
本发明的通信装置的另一个特征是在导电平板上设置了阶梯形部分，使平面天线部分在厚度方向上具有不对称的结构，对电介质片所传送的毫米波进行漏泄发射。采用上述结构，能够获得良好的阻抗匹配，并在较宽的频带范围内提高发射效率。
本发明通信装置的再一个特征是平面天线部分具有使漏泄发射的毫米波的发射方向朝预定方向偏转的偏转部分。采用上述结构，就能够使泄漏发射的毫米波朝着同一方向偏转，在实质上相同的电场分布状态以及基本上无残留电力的状态下发射毫米波。
下面将结合附图对本发明的用于移动物体的通信装置的实施例进行说明。
在这一实施例中，将本发明的通信装置用作测量车之间距离以及与前方(或后方)行驶车辆之间相对速度的车载雷达头。
图1是本发明的用于移动物体的通信装置实施例的透视图；
图2是毫米波集成电路部分和平面天线部分内部的放大顶视图；
图3是沿着图2中Ⅲ-Ⅲ线的剖视图；
图4是图1所示通信装置的导电平板的放大顶视图；
图5是显示本发明的通信装置在车辆中的安装方式的透视图；
图6是图1所示通信装置的等价电路图。
图1和2显示了车载雷达头1的结构。雷达头1为平板形状，包括毫米波集成电路部分2和平面天线部分3。微波集成电路部分2包括非辐射性电介质波导20(以下简称NRD波导)和多个NRD波导电功能元件，亦即具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21；环行器22、23；定向耦合器24a、24b、25；混频器26；以及无反射终端器27。
NRD波导20主要包括导电基板5；电介质片20a、20b、20c、20d、20e、20f、20g、20h、20i；以及导电平板6。电介质片20a-20i采用氟树脂、聚乙烯树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂等低损耗树脂材料制成。导电基板5和导电平板6分别具有多个螺丝孔51、68，通过设置在导电基板5周围的导电垫片7，使导电基板5和导电平板6之间相距一定的间距。将螺丝旋入螺丝孔51、68之中，使导电基板5和导电平板6之间相距一定的间距。将螺丝旋入螺丝孔51、68中，使导电基板5和导电平板6保持相互平行状态。将电介质片20a-20i以及多个NRD波导电功能元件21-27插入到导电基板5和导电平板6之间。
具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21通过电介质片20a与环行器22相连接。与环形器22相连接的电介质片20a的终端与无反射终端器27相连接。环行器22通过电介质片20c与定向耦合器24a相连接通过上述定向耦合器24a将信号线路分成两部分，其中一部分通过电介质片20d与定向耦合器25相连接，另一部分通过电介质片20g与定向耦合器24b相连接。电介质片20g的两端与无反射终端器27相连接。定向耦合器25与下面将要介绍的平面天线部分3的电介质片30a相连接。定向耦合器24b通过电介质片20f与环行器23相连接，同时通过电介质片20h与混频器26相连接。环行器23通过电介质片20e与下面将要介绍的平面天线部分3的电介质片30b相连接。与环行器23相连接的电介质片20i的终端与无反射终端器27相连接。
此外，具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21以及混频器26连有各种信号线，这些信号线的终端从贯穿导电基板5的该基板内侧伸出，与例如安装在车辆内部的各种信号处理装置相连接。这样，就能够利用这些信号线来传送用于驱动具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21的频率控制信号以及由混频器26输出的中间频率信号。具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21，环行器22、23，定向耦合器24a、24b、25，混频器26和无反射终端器27都是已知的器件，因此省略了对它们的详细说明。
平面天线部分3由NRD波导30和隙缝天线33构成。通过设置在导电垫片7中的隔离导体50，与毫米波集成电路部分2相隔离。NRD波导30主要包括导电基板5；电介质片30a、30b；以及导电平板6。也就是说导电基板5和导电平板6为毫米波集成电路部分2的NRD波导20和平面天线部分3的NRD波导30所共有。电介质片30a和30b分别插入到导电基板5和导电平板6之间。电介质片30a和30b采用氟树脂、聚乙烯树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂等低损耗树脂材料制成。
在导电基板5中，在和电介质片30a、30b相距一定距离、并由电介质片30a、30b传送的毫米波所形成的电场的具有较高电场强度的位置上分别设置了用于发射毫米波的阶梯形部分S1和S2，在这一部分中，平面天线部分3具有在厚度方向上不对称的结构。
参见图3，在彼此离开的位置上分别设置了电介质棱镜34a和34b，用于使微波的发射方向朝着与电介质片30a、30b的长度方向相垂直的方向偏转。电介质棱镜34a、34b采用氟树脂等电介质材料制成。电介质棱镜34a、34b的面对电介质片30a、30b的面具有锯齿波或三角波形状，其相反的面是平行电介质片30a、30b的平面。
如图4所示，导电平板6上形成了格子状的开口32。上述开口32形成的矩形部分构成了隙缝天线33。由于形成了开口32而与导电平板6相分离的小片6a通过与设置在导电平板6前表面上的保护膜(图中未示)相结合而予以保持。该保护膜采用能够使毫米波以较低损失予以通过的材料制成。
具有上述结构的雷达头1能够在毫米波发射方向上实现薄型化，同时能够确保在与发射方向相垂直的方向上具有较大的发射面积。
下面对上述雷达头1的作用进行说明。
在雷达头1中，毫米波集成电路部分2的NRD波导20和平面天线部分3中NRD波导30具有良好的电气和机械匹配性。因此，由毫米波集成电路部分2的具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21发射出的毫米波依次通过电介质片20a、环行器22、电介质片20c、定向耦合器24a和电介质片20d，被引导到定向耦合器25。在定向耦合器25中，毫米波分成被引导到电介质片30a的毫米波和引导到电介质片30b的毫米波，这两束毫米波之间具有90度的相位差。
被引导到电介质片30a的毫米波在阶梯形表面S1的作用下由电介质片30a向外泄漏发射，然后通过电介质棱镜34a，使毫米波在与电介质片30a长度方向相垂直的方向上偏转，入射到导电平板6上所形成的隙缝天线33中。另一方面，被引导到电介质片30b的毫米波在阶梯形表面S2的作用下由电介质片30b向外泄漏发射，然后通过电介质棱镜34b，使得毫米波波束在与电介质片30b长度方向相垂直的方向上偏转，入射到导电平板6上所形成的隙缝天线33中。入射到隙缝天线33中的上述两束毫米波相互之间具有90度的相位差，从而以左旋圆极化波或右旋圆极化波的形式由隙缝天线33的开口32向外发射。
圆极化波的作用是：当用作车载雷达头时，由于能够形成具有统一极化面的圆极化波，使得由其他车辆所反射的毫米波和对面行驶车辆所发射的毫米波的极化面相互逆旋，因此能够仅仅接受由其他车辆所反射的毫米波，防止由对面行驶车辆发射的毫米波所产生的电磁干扰。
由隙缝天线33的开口32入射到平面天线部分3内部的毫米波被电介质片30a或30b接收，依次传送给毫米波集成电路部分2中的定向耦合器25、电介质片20e、环行器23、电介质片20f、定向耦合器24b。在定向耦合器24b中，由具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21向外发射的微波的一部分被定向耦合器24a传送到电介质片20g，这束毫米波和入射到上述平面天线部分3内部、并由混频器26予以引导的毫米波波束相混合成为中间频率信号。
下面将对雷达头1在车辆中的安装进行说明。
如图5所示，将雷达头1安装在位于车辆80前部缓冲器81的车辆识别牌的安装部位81a上，使隙缝天线33面对车辆的前方。更具体说，将螺丝旋入到导电平板6上的孔67以及车辆识别号码牌70上的孔71中，将车辆识别号码牌70安装在雷达头1表面上。此时，隙缝天线33基本上位于垂直的位置上，并使得雷达头1处于车辆识别号码牌70的外边缘内侧。这样，雷达头1位于车辆号码牌70的背后，基本上不暴露在车辆80的外面，从而不会影响车辆的外观。
车辆识别号码牌70应该采用能够使微波以低损失通过的材料制成，例如聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、用纤维加强的聚丙烯(FRPP)、ABS等树脂材料。
图6是上述雷达头1的等效电路。下面将参照图4对安装在车辆80上的雷达头1的作用进行说明。
根据频率控制信号，由具有FM调制功能的耿氏振荡器21发射出的毫米波通过环行器22、定向耦合器24a、定向耦合器25、电介质片30a、30b，由隙缝天线33的开口32朝车辆80的前方发射。发射出的毫米波穿过车辆识别号码牌70，其一部分到达前方行驶的车辆。反射回的微波再次穿过车辆识别号码牌70，经过开口32入射到平面天线部分3的内部，由电介质片30a、30b予以接收之后，通过定向耦合器25、环行器23、混频器26，作为中间频率信号送到安装在车辆内部的信号处理装置。该信号处理装置根据上述中间频率信号推算出车辆之间的距离，并将计算出的结果显示在安装在车辆80的液晶显示器上。
本发明的用于移动物体的通信装置并不限于上述实施例，在其要点范围之内还可以对本发明作出种种改进。
上述实施例是结合供车辆使用的情况来进行说明的，但是本发明并不限于上述场合，也可以用作船舶等的通信装置。
毫米波集成电路部分与平面天线部分之间的位置关系和它们的尺寸可以是任意的，可以采用各种适合的规格。
此外，在上述实施例中，导电基板5和导电平板6被分别制成一个平板，但是也可以将其中任何一个制成其毫米波集成电路部分和平面天线部分相分离的形式。
也可以将用于移动物体的通信装置安装在识别牌的内部，或者将用于移动物体的通信装置和识别牌制成一个整体，或者将用于移动物体的通信装置设置在位于移动物体后部的识别牌中。
也可以通过印刷或者压制的方式在天线罩上形成识别文字和号码文字，使天线罩起到识别牌的作用。在这种情况下，采用使得通信装置具有耐雨、雪、冰的电介质材料来制作天线罩，要求这种材料具有薄和适应各种气候的优良性能，为此可以采用上述PC、PBT、FRPP、ABS等树脂材料。
本发明的用于移动物体的通信装置除了具有上述实施例中所述的雷达功能之外，还具有在移动物体之间进行通信的功能。
根据上述说明可以看出，本发明通信装置的毫米波集成电路部分和平面天线部分由于分别采用了由两个平行设置的导电平板以及设置在上述两个导电平板之间的电介质片组成的非辐射性电介质波导，从而提供了一种用于移动物体的通信装置，其毫米波集成电路部分和平面天线部分具有良好的匹配性。由于至少使构成毫米波集成电路部分的两个导电平板中的一个和构成平面天线部分的两个导电平板中的一个位于同一平面内，并形成一整体，因而形成了一种平板状的薄形通信装置。这种用于移动物体的通信装置能够安装在识别牌的背后或内部，实际上不会暴露在移动物体的表面，因此不会影响移动物体的外观。其结果是能够在不影响移动物体外观的条件下将通信装置安装在移动物体中。
由于本发明的通信装置具有平板形状，因而能够简化结构，提高生产效率，降低制造成本。
另外，本发明的通信装置在导电平板上设置了阶梯形部分，使平面天线部分在厚度方向上具有不对称的结构，对电介质片所传送的毫米波进行泄漏发射，因而能够改善阻抗匹配，并在较宽的频带范围内提高发射效率。
本发明的通信装置的平面天线部分具有使泄漏发射的毫米波的发射方向朝预定方向偏转的部分，因而能够使泄漏发射的毫米波向同一方向偏转，在实质上相同的电场分布状态以及基本上无残留电力的状态下发射毫米波。
本发明的通信装置由于实现了在毫米波发射方向上的薄型化，并在与发射方向相垂直的方向上具有较大的发射面积，因而最适合用作安装在车辆识别号码牌背后或内部的车辆雷达头。

Claims (3)

1．一种用于运输装置(80)的供发射和／或接收毫米波的模件(1)，包括：
第一导电平板(5)和第二导电平板(6)，彼此间隔一预定距离(7)平行排列；和
平面天线部分(3)，该部分包括：
一个开口(32)，形成一隙缝天线(33)；和
第一非辐射性电介质波导(30)，由一个电介质片(30a)、第一导电平板(5)和第二导电平板(6)形成；
其中，所述平面天线部分(3)的两导电平板(5，6)之一具有一个阶梯形部分(S1)，以使由所述第一非辐射性电介质波导(30)传播的毫米波泄漏和辐射出去；
其特征在于还包括：
一个毫米波集成电路部分(2)，该部分包括：
第二非辐射性电介质波导(20)，由一个电介质片(20a)、第一导电平板(5)和第二导电平板(6)形成，该第二非辐射性电介质波导(20)与所述第一非辐射性电介质波导(30)相连接；和
一个振荡器(21)，与所述第二非辐射性电介质波导(20)连接，用于产生要在其中传播的一个振荡信号。
2．如权利要求1所述的模件，其特征在于，所述平面天线部分具有一个偏转装置(34a)，用于使泄漏和辐射的毫米波在垂直于第一非辐射性电介质波导(30)的延伸方向的方向上偏转。
3．如权利要求1或2所述的模件，其特征在于，上述辐射系统配置在所述运输装置(80)的一个识别装置(70)的背面或里面，所述识别装置(70)由一种能以低损失发射毫米波射线的材料制成。
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