CN106084308A - 一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106084308A CN106084308A CN201610469786.0A CN201610469786A CN106084308A CN 106084308 A CN106084308 A CN 106084308A CN 201610469786 A CN201610469786 A CN 201610469786A CN 106084308 A CN106084308 A CN 106084308A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- modified starch
- flyash
- mixed liquor
- stirs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 31
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YWNYZQTZOONLGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CC)Cl.[O] Chemical compound C(CC)Cl.[O] YWNYZQTZOONLGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004968 peroxymonosulfuric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-methyloxirane Chemical compound CC1OC1Cl LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 4
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/04—Starch derivatives, e.g. crosslinked derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
- C08B31/003—Crosslinking of starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法,属于环保地膜技术领域。针对由于淀粉的相容性低、加工困难、淀粉基地膜的力学性能和耐水性能差的问题,本发明提供了一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法,本发明采用淀粉和粉煤灰为原料,通过环氧氯丙烷破坏淀粉分子内和分子间的氢键,通过环氧氯丙烷接枝交联,增强淀粉的可塑性和柔韧性,降低脆性,使淀粉易于加工成型且性能更好,通过添加粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸凝胶和硅铝凝胶改善淀粉的抗张强度、断裂伸长率、抗冲击强度、抗老化性、阻隔性、耐水性等,并与聚乙烯醇融合,进行良好的界面粘接,在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,得改性淀粉基地膜。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法,属于环保地膜技术领域。
背景技术
目前,我国地膜覆盖面积已达1333万hm2以上,并以平均每年66.67万hm2左右的速度增长,每年地膜的实际消费量约45万吨,居世界首位。大量的残膜存在使得土壤水分养分向下运输受到阻碍,土壤间隙和通透性降低,不利于土壤空气循环和浇灌,土地质量下降,从而造成作物营养不良,产量下降。当土壤地膜残留量达 60 kg /hm2时,就会给农作物造成减产,幅度为棉花10%~22%、玉米11%~23%、瓜蔬类15%~59%、小麦9%~16%。因此,研制可降解薄膜,对于降低白色污染、改善土壤质量、保证作物产量具有重要意义。
近年来,有关粉煤灰再利用方面的研究主要集中在建筑材料、吸附剂、肥料和聚合物填充料等领域开展。研究表明,粉煤灰具有很好的亲水性,在水溶液中能较好的分散,而且粉煤灰具有多孔结构,有一定的吸水能力,吸水原理除靠颗粒之间的毛细管孔隙外,还能在玻璃颗粒的洞穴和蜂窝状孔隙内蓄水,与土壤水分相比,粉煤灰水分更易被作物吸收利用,粉煤灰含有多种营养元素,可明显改良土壤的理化性质,粉煤灰中种植的作物不会危害人体健康。
淀粉基地膜具有原料来源广泛、可降解、不污染环境、防虫抗病等优点,受到越来越多的关注。英国、美国、加拿大、荷兰在淀粉基可降解地膜的研究方面占有优势,国内有关淀粉基可降解地膜的研发报道也不少,但由于淀粉的相容性低、加工困难、产品的力学性能和耐水性能差等问题,淀粉添加量受到限制,降解 性能不可靠,实际推广和应用效果并不显著。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题:针对由于淀粉的相容性低、加工困难、淀粉基地膜的力学性能和耐水性能差的问题,本发明提供了一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法,本发明采用淀粉和粉煤灰为原料,通过环氧氯丙烷破坏淀粉分子内和分子间的氢键,通过环氧氯丙烷接枝交联,增强淀粉的可塑性和柔韧性,降低脆性,使淀粉易于加工成型且性能更好,通过添加粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸凝胶和硅铝凝胶改善淀粉的抗张强度、断裂伸长率、抗冲击强度、抗老化性、阻隔性、耐水性等,并与聚乙烯醇融合,进行良好的界面粘接,在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,得改性淀粉基地膜。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
(1)称取100~150g粉煤灰颗粒,加入粉碎机中粉碎,过200目筛,将过筛后的颗粒与300~500mL去离子水混合,以200~300r/min搅拌20~30min,静置1~2h,除去上部悬浮的炭杂质,过滤,将滤渣置入100~105℃干燥箱中干燥至恒重,冷却,得粉煤灰;
(2)称取10~15g上述粉煤灰,与60~90mL质量浓度为7.5%氢氧化钠溶液加入离心机,以6000~8000r/min离心 1~2h,取滤液,得硅铝凝胶混合液;
(3)分别称量350~400g淀粉,100~150mL去离子水,搅拌混合20~30min,加入 30~35mL环氧氯丙烷,加热至35~37℃,以200~300r/min搅拌5~6h,得改性淀粉;
(4)量取80~100mL丙烯酸,在冰水浴下,以5mL/min缓慢加入280~350mL质量浓度为20%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌20~30min,加入0.08~0.10gN,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,0.4~0.5g过硫酸钾,3~5g上述步骤(1)制备的粉煤灰,以300~400r/min搅拌1~2h,加入20~30mL质量浓度为2%聚乙烯醇溶液,在70~75℃恒温水浴中,以300~400r/min搅拌5~6h,加入质量浓度为4%磷酸氢二钾溶液调节pH至6.5~7.0后,得粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液;
(5)将上述步骤(2)制备的硅铝凝胶混合液,上述步骤(3)制备的改性淀粉和上述粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液共混,加入100~150mL聚乙烯醇,在80~85℃恒温水浴中,以60~120r/min搅拌加热2~3h,冷却至室温,用涂膜棒将混合液在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,置入60~65℃干燥箱中,干燥20~24h,得改性淀粉基地膜。
本发明的应用方法是:将本发明制备的改性淀粉基地膜覆盖在已播种的农田上,20~25天后,膜内相对湿度为93~95%,出苗率为95~98%,55~60天后,地膜降解率为80~85%。
本发明的有益技术效果是:
(1)本发明制备的改性淀粉基地膜保水能力好,保温保湿效果明显,降解效果好;
(2)本发明制备工艺简单,环保。
具体实施方式
称取100~150g粉煤灰颗粒,加入粉碎机中粉碎,过200目筛,将过筛后的颗粒与300~500mL去离子水混合,以200~300r/min搅拌20~30min,静置1~2h,除去上部悬浮的炭杂质,过滤,将滤渣置入100~105℃干燥箱中干燥至恒重,冷却,得粉煤灰;称取10~15g上述粉煤灰,与60~90mL质量浓度为7.5%氢氧化钠溶液加入离心机,以6000~8000r/min离心 1~2h,取滤液,得硅铝凝胶混合液;分别称量350~400g淀粉,100~150mL去离子水,搅拌混合20~30min,加入 30~35mL环氧氯丙烷,加热至35~37℃,以200~300r/min搅拌5~6h,得改性淀粉;量取80~100mL丙烯酸,在冰水浴下,以5mL/min缓慢加入280~350mL质量浓度为20%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌20~30min,加入0.08~0.10gN,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,0.4~0.5g过硫酸钾,3~5g上述制备的粉煤灰,以300~400r/min搅拌1~2h,加入20~30mL质量浓度为2%聚乙烯醇溶液,在70~75℃恒温水浴中,以300~400r/min搅拌5~6h,加入质量浓度为4%磷酸氢二钾溶液调节pH至6.5~7.0后,得粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液;将上述制备的硅铝凝胶混合液,上述制备的改性淀粉和上述粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液共混,加入100~150mL聚乙烯醇,在80~85℃恒温水浴中,以60~120r/min搅拌加热2~3h,冷却至室温,用涂膜棒将混合液在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,置入60~65℃干燥箱中,干燥20~24h,得改性淀粉基地膜。
实例1
称取100g粉煤灰颗粒,加入粉碎机中粉碎,过200目筛,将过筛后的颗粒与300mL去离子水混合,以200r/min搅拌20min,静置1h,除去上部悬浮的炭杂质,过滤,将滤渣置入100℃干燥箱中干燥至恒重,冷却,得粉煤灰;称取10g上述粉煤灰,与60mL质量浓度为7.5%氢氧化钠溶液加入离心机,以6000r/min离心 1h,取滤液,得硅铝凝胶混合液;分别称量350g淀粉,100mL去离子水,搅拌混合20min,加入 30mL环氧氯丙烷,加热至35℃,以200r/min搅拌5h,得改性淀粉;量取80mL丙烯酸,在冰水浴下,以5mL/min缓慢加入280mL质量浓度为20%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌20min,加入0.08gN,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,0.4g过硫酸钾,3g上述制备的粉煤灰,以300r/min搅拌1h,加入20mL质量浓度为2%聚乙烯醇溶液,在70℃恒温水浴中,以300r/min搅拌5h,加入质量浓度为4%磷酸氢二钾溶液调节pH至6.5后,得粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液;将上述制备的硅铝凝胶混合液,上述制备的改性淀粉和上述粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液共混,加入100mL聚乙烯醇,在80℃恒温水浴中,以60r/min搅拌加热2h,冷却至室温,用涂膜棒将混合液在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,置入60℃干燥箱中,干燥20h,得改性淀粉基地膜。
本发明的应用方法是:将本发明制备的改性淀粉基地膜覆盖在已播种的农田上,20天后,膜内相对湿度为93%,出苗率为95%,55天后,地膜降解率为80%。
实例2
称取120g粉煤灰颗粒,加入粉碎机中粉碎,过200目筛,将过筛后的颗粒与400mL去离子水混合,以250r/min搅拌20~30min,静置1.5h,除去上部悬浮的炭杂质,过滤,将滤渣置入102℃干燥箱中干燥至恒重,冷却,得粉煤灰;称取12g上述粉煤灰,与80mL质量浓度为7.5%氢氧化钠溶液加入离心机,以7000r/min离心 1.5h,取滤液,得硅铝凝胶混合液;分别称量380g淀粉,120mL去离子水,搅拌混合25min,加入 32mL环氧氯丙烷,加热至36℃,以250r/min搅拌5.5h,得改性淀粉;量取90mL丙烯酸,在冰水浴下,以5mL/min缓慢加入300mL质量浓度为20%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌25min,加入0.09gN,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,0.45g过硫酸钾,4g上述制备的粉煤灰,以350r/min搅拌1.5h,加入25mL质量浓度为2%聚乙烯醇溶液,在72℃恒温水浴中,以350r/min搅拌5.5h,加入质量浓度为4%磷酸氢二钾溶液调节pH至6.8后,得粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液;将上述制备的硅铝凝胶混合液,上述制备的改性淀粉和上述粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液共混,加入120mL聚乙烯醇,在82℃恒温水浴中,以100r/min搅拌加热2.5h,冷却至室温,用涂膜棒将混合液在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,置入62℃干燥箱中,干燥22h,得改性淀粉基地膜。
本发明的应用方法是:将本发明制备的改性淀粉基地膜覆盖在已播种的农田上,22天后,膜内相对湿度为94%,出苗率为96%,580天后,地膜降解率为82%。
实例3
称取150g粉煤灰颗粒,加入粉碎机中粉碎,过200目筛,将过筛后的颗粒与500mL去离子水混合,以300r/min搅拌30min,静置2h,除去上部悬浮的炭杂质,过滤,将滤渣置入105℃干燥箱中干燥至恒重,冷却,得粉煤灰;称取15g上述粉煤灰,与90mL质量浓度为7.5%氢氧化钠溶液加入离心机,以8000r/min离心2h,取滤液,得硅铝凝胶混合液;分别称量400g淀粉,150mL去离子水,搅拌混合30min,加入35mL环氧氯丙烷,加热至37℃,以300r/min搅拌6h,得改性淀粉;量取100mL丙烯酸,在冰水浴下,以5mL/min缓慢加入350mL质量浓度为20%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌30min,加入0.10gN,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,0.5g过硫酸钾,5g上述制备的粉煤灰,以400r/min搅拌2h,加入30mL质量浓度为2%聚乙烯醇溶液,在75℃恒温水浴中,以400r/min搅拌6h,加入质量浓度为4%磷酸氢二钾溶液调节pH至7.0后,得粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液;将上述制备的硅铝凝胶混合液,上述制备的改性淀粉和上述粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液共混,加入150mL聚乙烯醇,在85℃恒温水浴中,以120r/min搅拌加热3h,冷却至室温,用涂膜棒将混合液在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,置入65℃干燥箱中,干燥24h,得改性淀粉基地膜。
本发明的应用方法是:将本发明制备的改性淀粉基地膜覆盖在已播种的农田上,25天后,膜内相对湿度为95%,出苗率为98%,60天后,地膜降解率为85%。
Claims (1)
1.一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法,其特征在于具体制备步骤为:
(1)称取100~150g粉煤灰颗粒,加入粉碎机中粉碎,过200目筛,将过筛后的颗粒与300~500mL去离子水混合,以200~300r/min搅拌20~30min,静置1~2h,除去上部悬浮的炭杂质,过滤,将滤渣置入100~105℃干燥箱中干燥至恒重,冷却,得粉煤灰;
(2)称取10~15g上述粉煤灰,与60~90mL质量浓度为7.5%氢氧化钠溶液加入离心机,以6000~8000r/min离心 1~2h,取滤液,得硅铝凝胶混合液;
(3)分别称量350~400g淀粉,100~150mL去离子水,搅拌混合20~30min,加入 30~35mL环氧氯丙烷,加热至35~37℃,以200~300r/min搅拌5~6h,得改性淀粉;
(4)量取80~100mL丙烯酸,在冰水浴下,以5mL/min缓慢加入280~350mL质量浓度为20%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌20~30min,加入0.08~0.10gN,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,0.4~0.5g过硫酸钾,3~5g上述步骤(1)制备的粉煤灰,以300~400r/min搅拌1~2h,加入20~30mL质量浓度为2%聚乙烯醇溶液,在70~75℃恒温水浴中,以300~400r/min搅拌5~6h,加入质量浓度为4%磷酸氢二钾溶液调节pH至6.5~7.0后,得粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液;
(5)将上述步骤(2)制备的硅铝凝胶混合液,上述步骤(3)制备的改性淀粉和上述粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶混合液共混,加入100~150mL聚乙烯醇,在80~85℃恒温水浴中,以60~120r/min搅拌加热2~3h,冷却至室温,用涂膜棒将混合液在光洁聚乙烯塑板表面流延成膜,置入60~65℃干燥箱中,干燥20~24h,得改性淀粉基地膜。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610469786.0A CN106084308A (zh) | 2016-06-26 | 2016-06-26 | 一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610469786.0A CN106084308A (zh) | 2016-06-26 | 2016-06-26 | 一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106084308A true CN106084308A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
Family
ID=57253966
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610469786.0A Pending CN106084308A (zh) | 2016-06-26 | 2016-06-26 | 一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106084308A (zh) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55151042A (en) * | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-25 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Improved film for agriculture |
US4542061A (en) * | 1982-01-27 | 1985-09-17 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Plastic film |
CN103980548A (zh) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 江苏省农业科学院 | 一种淀粉基可降解农用地膜及其制备方法 |
CN105017620A (zh) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽德琳环保发展(集团)有限公司 | 一种由粉煤灰负载交联淀粉改性的低密度聚乙烯降解地膜及其制备方法 |
-
2016
- 2016-06-26 CN CN201610469786.0A patent/CN106084308A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55151042A (en) * | 1979-05-15 | 1980-11-25 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Improved film for agriculture |
US4542061A (en) * | 1982-01-27 | 1985-09-17 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Plastic film |
CN103980548A (zh) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 江苏省农业科学院 | 一种淀粉基可降解农用地膜及其制备方法 |
CN105017620A (zh) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽德琳环保发展(集团)有限公司 | 一种由粉煤灰负载交联淀粉改性的低密度聚乙烯降解地膜及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
张军旗等: ""粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶的制备及其溶胀性能"", 《应用化学》 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104151020B (zh) | 一种发酵粪便有机肥料及其制备方法 | |
CN104119168B (zh) | 凹凸棒压缩营养土的生产方法 | |
CN102351594B (zh) | 大叶栎容器苗的无土栽培基质及制备方法 | |
CN108178682A (zh) | 一种含硅钙镁的生物质炭土壤调理剂及其制备方法 | |
CN104151095B (zh) | 一种富碘作物专用的肥料及其制备方法 | |
CN104151023A (zh) | 一种菌剂发酵型有机肥料及其制备方法 | |
CN104012383A (zh) | 基于固体废弃物的育苗基质的配制方法 | |
CN104151097B (zh) | 一种多功能果树肥料及其制备方法 | |
CN106105863A (zh) | 一种植物栽培土及其制备方法 | |
CN103539513A (zh) | 一种含黑木耳菌糠的新型全有机栽培基质 | |
CN106635036A (zh) | 一种可降解的大棚种植用复合保水剂及其制备方法 | |
CN102295934B (zh) | 一种液体农用地膜及其生产方法 | |
CN106496651A (zh) | 一种可降解储水地膜的制备方法 | |
CN101445730B (zh) | 红黄壤土壤结构改良剂 | |
CN106008008A (zh) | 一种盐碱土壤改良剂组合物 | |
CN105085076A (zh) | 一种土壤改良型复混肥料 | |
CN107285851A (zh) | 一种园林植物引种栽培的基质及其制备 | |
CN107162862A (zh) | 一种水稻育秧用保湿增肥块及制备方法 | |
CN106084308A (zh) | 一种改性淀粉基地膜制备方法 | |
CN108218390B (zh) | 用于窖藏酒坛封口的材料与制备方法 | |
CN107815050A (zh) | 一种生物可降解薄膜、其制备方法和包含其的地膜 | |
CN109957404A (zh) | 一种风沙土壤改良剂 | |
CN107353163A (zh) | 一种农用保水剂及其制备方法 | |
CN104151096A (zh) | 一种多元素复混肥料及其制备方法 | |
CN110122258A (zh) | 一种利用秸秆制备的种植砂 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20161109 |