CN106083422A - A kind of special coated fertilizer of red date and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of special coated fertilizer of red date and preparation method thereof, be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution, Zinc oxide powder, poly-aspartate, calcium lactate, sodium tripolyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, vermiculite power, attapulgite, plant ash, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, Sodium Polyacrylate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate, cellulose homogenate and water；Slow release fertilizer for red date plantation; interpolation can be suitable to the nutrient of jujube tree plantation with supply of long duration; complexing through amino acid, it is easier to absorbed by jujube tree, coating material is one layer of cellulose membrane; the quick diffusion of inorganic elements can be effectively stoped within the regular hour; the stone flour being simultaneously introduced not only provides trace element, provides element adsorbent simultaneously, slows down the loss of fertilizer; it is greatly improved utilization rate of fertilizer, protect environment.

Description

A kind of special coated fertilizer of red date and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of special coated fertilizer of red date and preparation side thereof Method.

Background technology

Common fertilizer coating has initial sulphur coated urea technology, then has the thermosetting resin coating skill of Japanese characteristics Art, the basis of these resin materials be with polyolefin based on, carry out the height of graft copolymerization formation with adding some organic polymers Polymers, then mix with a certain amount of inorganic mineral stone flour, make coating material, the inorganic mineral stone flour of employing has silicon, sulphur, stone Cream, phosphate, zeolite powder, diatomite, bentonite etc., first the U.S. succeed in developing sulfur coating urea, film layer by bag sulphur layer, Sealant and face powder layer composition, occupy an important position in current sulfur coating sustained release powder；

But shortcoming is obvious: although stone flour class coated fertilizer can improve soil mineral, however it is necessary that the interpolation of chemical organic compounds Could bond, mainly the interpolation of resinae, but the preparation of slow release fertilizer, the bonded adhesive each side used by coating The selection of the ratio in face, addition and species is a problem, the timely supply of control undue influence fertilizer, and it is improper slightly to control, The as easy as rolling off a log cracking of making moist of the coating of stone flour class, sandyization soil, reduces the proportional amount of humus of soil, easily causes water and soil stream Losing, permanent plan is very unfavorable；On the other hand using the coating material of stone flour class, stone flour class self has certain thickness, sternly Ghost image rings the real effective content of coated fertilizer, adding nutrition constituents content if improved, certainly will increase the granularity of fertilizer, non- It is often unfavorable for dissolving the fertilising equilibrium problem with fertilizer.

Cellulose is reproducible natural polymer abundant on the earth, and the composition cellulose in nature organism is about Accounting for 40%, cellulose is a kind of natural polymer, has stability and security, to biological non-toxicity and have good biology Intermiscibility.For the cellulose membrane that material is made there is a series of premium properties with cellulose, for example highly hydrophilic, excellent ooze The advantages such as saturating property, band contaminative, resistance to physico-chemical property and heat-resisting quantity are good, it has certain adsorption capacity, particularly in water The compatibility grain of some pollutant higher.

Content of the invention

The present invention, in order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, utilizes the plant leaf blade with pest-resistant effect to be raw material, by wherein The refinement of cellulose is modified, is finally sprayed on the surface of fertiliser granulates, has absorption and the function of sustained release, particular by following Method realize:

A kind of red date plantation sustained release coating fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl is molten Liquid 4 ~ 6, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, poly-aspartate 20 ~ 30, calcium lactate 10 ~ 15, sodium tripolyphosphate 3 ~ 6, ammonium sulfate 40 ~ 50th, vermiculite power 15 ~ 22, attapulgite 20 ~ 26, plant ash 20 ~ 30, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 12 ~ 17, Sodium Polyacrylate 2 ~ 5, calcium superphosphate 10 ~ 16, potassium chloride 45 ~ 60, ferrous sulfate 20 ~ 25, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and water 150 ~ 180；

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, China tree Leaf 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14,60 ~ 70 Under the conditions of dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and joined with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 and urinate containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% In the mixed solution of element, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

The preparation method of a kind of red date plantation sustained release coating fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) it prior to reactor heats water to 65 ~ 80 DEG C, is then sequentially added into calcium lactate, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, chlorination Potassium and ferrous sulfate, successively stirring and dissolving, insulation adds poly-aspartate, continues stirring 20 ~ 30min and is complexed；

(2) mix plant ash and vermiculite power, pulverized 100 ~ 120 mesh sieves, add to the mixed solution described in (1), stirring 10 ~ 15min, is subsequently adding bed material based on other following residual components being not directed to, uniformly slurry after stirring and evenly mixing, control Water content 40 ~ 50% rear disk granulator granulation processed；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Choose fresh that there is certain pest-resistant action characteristic and the raw material rich in cellulose: Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk, garlic stalk, Folium Meliae, lemon eucalyptus leaf, Chinese honey locust leaf, honeysuckle stalk, cordate houttuynia and sugarcane top；Then the examination that can dissolve cellulose is utilized Agent carries out the dissolution process of cellulose, and cellulose has very strong intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and research proves that NaOH's is water-soluble Liquid effectively dissolves the cellulose of low polymerization degree, but the dissolving power of the cellulose bigger to molecular weight is general, but adds a certain amount of Urea or thiocarbamide can dramatically increase the solubility of cellulose, avoid the formation of cellulose gel simultaneously, improve cellulose Film forming characteristics, after dissolving appropriate cellulose, the bigger lignin of particle is separated, and by suitable centrifugal action, makes Lignin component centrifugation is simultaneously removed, and retains the solution containing lysotype cellulose, does not contain only cellulose in this solution Composition, contains the biological effective components of various plant simultaneously, comprises growth activity composition and the insect pest class of beneficial plant growth Alkaloids etc., the main matter owing to stoping cellulose gel to be formed is the material of alkaline NaOH and urea class, now utilizes Certain density acid solution, neutralizes aqueous slkali and the urea being dissolved in solution exchanges so that cellulose solution is gradually Become the gel state containing solvent, finally regenerate out from solution, the mutually entanglement again of the solution containing cellulosic molecule, Assemble and form micellar aggregates, form network.

It herein for the dissolubility increasing cellulose, after first fresh plant leaf blade and stalk etc. being dried, is ground into powder End, reduces solvent solution presasure, uses the urea liquid of 5 ~ 7%NaOH and 3 ~ 5% as solvent, shakes under conditions of-10 ~ 0 DEG C Swinging dissolving, using compartment repeatedly to dissolve, the HCl solution being subsequently adding 4 ~ 6% dissolves the alkali of cellulose as coagulating bath, neutralization And exchange urea, with the increase of cellulose concentration, increasing of unit volume interpolymer molecular amounts, add polymer and divide The density of sub-network, too increases the probability being wound around between the polymer micella of adjacent multiple polymer molecule composition, finally promotees Make cellulose freezing film, experiment discovery, add a certain amount of Zinc oxide powder to be conducive to improving film forming characteristics in coagulating bath, Conjecture is likely due to the effect that Zinc oxide powder serves similar nucleus, have impact on the crystallization yardstick of cellulose.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is for the slow release fertilizer of red date plantation, and interpolation can be suitable to jujube with supply of long duration The nutrient of tree planting, through the complexing of amino acid, it is easier to absorbed by jujube tree, coating material is one layer of cellulose membrane, Can effectively stop the quick diffusion of inorganic elements in regular hour, the stone flour being simultaneously introduced not only provides trace element, with When element adsorbent is provided, slow down the loss of fertilizer, be greatly improved utilization rate of fertilizer, protect environment.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

A kind of red date plantation sustained release coating fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (Kg): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl is molten Liquid the 5th, Zinc oxide powder the 0.3rd, poly-aspartate the 25th, calcium lactate the 12nd, sodium tripolyphosphate the 5th, ammonium sulfate the 45th, vermiculite power the 20th, concave convex rod Soil the 23rd, plant ash the 24th, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder the 16th, Sodium Polyacrylate the 4th, calcium superphosphate the 12nd, potassium chloride the 50th, ferrous sulfate the 22nd, cellulose homogenate 25 and water 160；

Described cellulose homogenate be fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk the 8th, garlic stalk the 8th, Folium Meliae that mixed weight (Kg) is unit the 12nd, Lemon eucalyptus leaf the 10th, Chinese honey locust leaf the 5th, honeysuckle stalk the 4th, cordate houttuynia 7 and sugarcane top 12, dry under the conditions of 60 ~ 70, then pulverize Cross 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, join in the mixed solution containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% urea with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 ,- Vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under 10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

The preparation method of a kind of red date plantation sustained release coating fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) it prior to reactor heats water to 65 ~ 80 DEG C, is then sequentially added into calcium lactate, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, chlorination Potassium and ferrous sulfate, successively stirring and dissolving, insulation adds poly-aspartate, continues stirring 20 ~ 30min and is complexed；

(2) mix plant ash and vermiculite power, pulverized 100 ~ 120 mesh sieves, add to the mixed solution described in (1), stirring 10 ~ 15min, is subsequently adding bed material based on other following residual components being not directed to, uniformly slurry after stirring and evenly mixing, control Water content 40 ~ 50% rear disk granulator granulation processed；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Use the planting experiment for crops for the fertilizer of the present invention, choose 5 mu of red date growing areas, respectively use season in spring and autumn The fertilizer of the present invention once, each every mu of 150 ~ 200Kg, the conventional composite fertilizer of red date growing area administration of control group replaces, other Curing condition and water and fertilizer management are implemented according to actual conditions, and result proves: the fertilizer that fertilizer of the present invention substantially meets a year and a day needs Asking, the utilization rate of fertilizer is greatly improved.

Claims (2)

1. a red date plantation sustained release coating fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl Solution 4 ~ 6, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, poly-aspartate 20 ~ 30, calcium lactate 10 ~ 15, sodium tripolyphosphate 3 ~ 6, ammonium sulfate 40 ~ 50th, vermiculite power 15 ~ 22, attapulgite 20 ~ 26, plant ash 20 ~ 30, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 12 ~ 17, Sodium Polyacrylate 2 ~ 5, calcium superphosphate 10 ~ 16, potassium chloride 45 ~ 60, ferrous sulfate 20 ~ 25, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and water 150 ~ 180；

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, China tree Leaf 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14,60 ~ 70 Under the conditions of dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and joined with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 and urinate containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% In the mixed solution of element, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

2. the preparation method of sustained release coating fertilizer planted by a kind of red date according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include following Several steps:

(1) it prior to reactor heats water to 65 ~ 80 DEG C, is then sequentially added into calcium lactate, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, chlorination Potassium and ferrous sulfate, successively stirring and dissolving, insulation adds poly-aspartate, continues stirring 20 ~ 30min and is complexed；

(2) mix plant ash and vermiculite power, pulverized 100 ~ 120 mesh sieves, add to the mixed solution described in (1), stirring 10 ~ 15min, is subsequently adding bed material based on other following residual components being not directed to, uniformly slurry after stirring and evenly mixing, control Water content 40 ~ 50% rear disk granulator granulation processed；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.