CN106082972A - 一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN106082972A
CN106082972A CN201610378460.7A CN201610378460A CN106082972A CN 106082972 A CN106082972 A CN 106082972A CN 201610378460 A CN201610378460 A CN 201610378460A CN 106082972 A CN106082972 A CN 106082972A
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朱全锋
包启富
欧阳琦
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Jingdezhen World Ceramic Culture Creative Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖,其坯体的原料组成为:铬铁渣10~15wt%、粉煤灰20~30wt%、中温砂15~25wt%、钾钠低温砂5~12wt%、黑滑石10~15wt%、混合土6~15wt%、水洗纯泥6~10wt%、锂瓷石1~3wt%,镁质黑泥1~3wt%。此外,还公开了上述适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法。本发明以矿渣废料为主要原料,实现了废物利用的同时,所得地砖产品适用于地暖铺设,具有良好的远红外发射功能,有益于人体健康,并且具有良好的热稳定性和强度。本发明原料易得、价格低廉,大大降低了原料成本和生产成本,实现了节能减排,有利于生产实施和产业化推广应用。

Description

一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑陶瓷材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖及其制造方法。
背景技术
地热采暖,即通过地板辐射采暖,温度从地面向上辐射,由下而上递减,使得室内温度均匀。地暖的供暖方式具有以下优点:
(1)采暖舒适。铺设地暖的房间室温自下而上随着高度的增加,温度逐步下降,同时室内地表温度均匀,空气质量好。
(2)节能、高效。地暖方式其散热量主要集中在人体受益的高度内,所以热效率高。由于取暖用循环水只需在50~60℃之间,室内温度就可以达到20℃以上,可以像供应热水一样供暖。地暖的室内管道全部封装在地面,所以减少了很多的热损失,节能幅度可达30%左右。
(3)环保、卫生、健康。地暖的供暖原理为辐射散热,减少了空气中灰尘以及有害病菌的蔓延,室内环境更加卫生清洁,对支气管炎、呼吸道感染和过敏性症候群的健康非常有利。
(4)热稳定性好,适于间歇供暖条件。地暖混凝土回填层有很好的蓄热性能,即热惰性好,在间歇供暖条件下,较之对流采暖的室温变化小。
为此,目前新开发楼盘的供暖方式基本上都是采用地暖。但采用地暖方式上面所用的地板目前以木地板居多,在使用过程中存在着以下缺陷:一是木地板下面有粉尘,使用久了因热胀冷缩容易导致木地板密封性不好,从而造成粉尘飞扬;二是木地板使用胶水粘合,经地暖加热会产生有毒气体,从而影响身体健康。为此,近年来也研究开发了采用微晶砖、抛光砖等陶瓷制品作为地暖的地板,但是目前现有技术这些陶瓷制品同样也会因热胀冷缩出现釉层剥落、瓷砖开裂等现象;而且所带来的是固体热辐射,不仅温度高,而且会造成空气干燥,人体易脱水,舒适度差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种原料易得、价格低廉、可保证产品性能指标的适用于地暖铺设的地砖,不仅具有良好的远红外发射功能,有益于人体健康,而且提高了地砖的热稳定性,从而保证了产品质量和性能要求。本发明的另一目的在于提供上述适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现:
本发明提供的一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖,其坯体的原料组成为:铬铁渣10~15wt%、粉煤灰20~30wt%、中温砂15~25wt%、钾钠低温砂5~12wt%、黑滑石10~15wt%、混合土6~15wt%、水洗纯泥6~10wt%、锂瓷石1~3wt%,镁质黑泥1~3wt%。
本发明适用于地暖铺设的地砖以矿渣废料为主要原料,铬铁渣与粉煤灰在烧成过程中原位合成具有远红外发射功能的铬铁尖晶石晶体;黑滑石、镁质黑泥在烧成过程中可与氧化铝、二氧化硅原位合成低热膨胀系数、具有远红外高发射率的堇青石微晶,从而有助于提高坯胎的抗热震性能,且具有较高的远红外发射功能。
本发明配方体系中采用52~70wt%的溶剂类原料和30~48wt%的粘土类原料,并且熔剂类原料为K2O-Na2O-Li2O-MgO-CaO复合熔剂。这样,在Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2和K2O-Al2O3-SiO2三元系统中,通过加入多元素复合熔剂,使坯体可提前烧结并在不同烧成温度区逐步出现粘度较高的液相,从而克服了因突然出现大量液相而导致瓷坯易变形的缺陷,为保证产品质量提供了前提保障。
上述方案中,优选地,本发明所述坯体的原料组成为:铬铁渣12~15wt%、粉煤灰20~26wt%、中温砂15~22wt%、钾钠低温砂8~12wt%、黑滑石12~15wt%、混合土8~15wt%、水洗纯泥8~10wt%、锂瓷石1~3wt%,镁质黑泥1~3wt%。
本发明的的另一目的通过以下技术方案予以实现:
本发明提供的上述适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述铬铁渣、粉煤灰进行破碎、均化,得到成分稳定的矿渣原料;
(2)将所述各原料进行配比,混合球磨达到球磨细度,过筛后得到混料泥浆;
(3)将所述混料泥浆进行喷雾干燥而得到粉料,经压砖机压制成型、并干燥后,烧成、抛光而制备得到具有远红外发射功能的地砖。
进一步地,本发明制备方法所述步骤(2)中球磨细度为万孔筛余1~1.3wt%。所述步骤(3)中烧成温度为1180~1220℃,最高温保温时间为10~15min,烧成总用时为60~70min。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明适用于地暖铺设的地砖,通过配方设计,所得产品具有良好的远红外发射功能,有益于人体健康。而且,以矿渣废料为主要原料,实现了废物利用,有利于保护自然环境,并促进行业生产的可持续性发展。
(2)本发明原料易得、价格低廉,降低了原料成本;而且,基于配方设计,使坯体可提前烧结并在不同烧成温度区逐步出现液相,使得生产过程中瓷坯体烧成温度低且烧成温度范围宽,不仅保证了产品质量,而且降低了生产成本,实现了节能减排,有利于生产实施和产业化推广应用。
(3)本发明原位合成了铬铁尖晶石晶体和堇青石微晶,产品各项性能有了显著的提高,抗折强度为40~48MPa,远红外发射率为0.91~0.94,热稳定性达到了160~-15℃十次急冷不裂。所得地砖具有远红外发射功能同时,提高了强度和热稳定性,适合于地暖铺设,可在较低的供暖温度下实现远红外辐射,适合人体皮肤吸收,同时也有利于节约能源。
下面将结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖,其坯体的原料组成及其坯体原料的化学组成分别如表1、表2所示。
表1本发明实施例一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖的坯体原料组成
表2本发明实施例一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖其坯体原料的化学组成
原料名称 Cr2O3 LiO2 SiO2 Al2O3 MgO Fe2O3 CaO K2O Na2O IL
铬铁渣 4.82 / 34.60 24.10 30.54 3.89 2.05 / / /
粉煤灰 / / 56.22 28.64 2.68 3.81 3.46 1.39 2.18 1.62
中温砂 / / 72.09 19.96 0.23 0.21 0.85 2.24 2.78 1.64
钾钠低温砂 / / 68.6 16.72 1.93 0.36 0.62 6.67 3.24 1.86
黑滑石 / / 62.22 0.04 26.42 0.06 2.86 0.16 / 8.24
混合土 / / 65.92 23.62 0.29 1.69 0.05 1.34 0.04 7.05
水洗纯泥 / / 51.11 31.42 0.31 3.08 0.07 1.75 0.07 12.19
锂瓷石 / 1.63 69.27 18.16 0.02 0.25 1.48 3.63 2.65 2.91
镁质黑泥 / / 68.19 18.48 4.44 0.58 1.60 2.24 1.05 3.42
本发明实施例一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法,其步骤如下:
(1)将上述铬铁渣、粉煤灰进行破碎、均化,得到成分稳定的矿渣原料;
(2)按照表1进行原料配比,混合球磨至球磨细度万孔筛余1~1.3wt%,过筛后得到混料泥浆;
(3)将上述混料泥浆进行喷雾干燥而得到粉料,经压砖机压制成型、并干燥后,在1180~1220℃温度下烧成,最高温保温时间为10~15min,烧成总用时为60~70min,抛光后制备得到具有远红外发射功能的地砖。
本发明各实施例一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法,其烧成工艺参数如表3所示。
表3本发明实施例一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制备方法的烧成工艺参数
本发明实施例制备得到的适用于地暖铺设的地砖,其产品性能指标如表4所示。
表4本发明实施例制备得到的适用于地暖铺设的地砖的产品性能指标

Claims (6)

1.一种适用于地暖铺设的地砖,其特征在于坯体的原料组成为:铬铁渣10~15wt%、粉煤灰20~30wt%、中温砂15~25wt%、钾钠低温砂5~12wt%、黑滑石10~15wt%、混合土6~15wt%、水洗纯泥6~10wt%、锂瓷石1~3wt%,镁质黑泥1~3wt%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于地暖铺设的地砖,其特征在于坯体的原料组成为:铬铁渣12~15wt%、粉煤灰20~26wt%、中温砂15~22wt%、钾钠低温砂8~12wt%、黑滑石12~15wt%、混合土8~15wt%、水洗纯泥8~10wt%、锂瓷石1~3wt%,镁质黑泥1~3wt%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的适用于地暖铺设的地砖,其特征在于:所述地砖的抗折强度为40~48MPa、远红外发射率为0.91~0.94、热稳定性160~-15℃十次急冷不裂。
4.权利要求1-3之一所述适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述铬铁渣、粉煤灰进行破碎、均化,得到成分稳定的矿渣原料;
(2)将所述各原料进行配比,混合球磨达到球磨细度,过筛后得到混料泥浆;
(3)将所述混料泥浆进行喷雾干燥而得到粉料,经压砖机压制成型、并干燥后,烧成、抛光而制备得到具有远红外发射功能的地砖。
5.根据权利要求4所述的适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中球磨细度为万孔筛余1~1.3wt%。
6.根据权利要求4所述的适用于地暖铺设的地砖的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中烧成温度为1180~1220℃,最高温保温时间为10~15min,烧成总用时为60~70min。
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