CN106067659A - Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device and method - Google Patents
Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106067659A CN106067659A CN201610621599.XA CN201610621599A CN106067659A CN 106067659 A CN106067659 A CN 106067659A CN 201610621599 A CN201610621599 A CN 201610621599A CN 106067659 A CN106067659 A CN 106067659A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- square
- contact
- static contact
- overcoat
- dynamic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B3/00—Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture, assembly, or maintenance of boards or switchgear
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring depth
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
The open a kind of circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device of the present invention and method, described measurement apparatus is installed in the inner tube of handcart moving contact arm, including square overcoat, it is movably arranged on the square slider in square overcoat, described square outer casing inner wall is provided with the scale value for detecting square slider displacement, the one end side that described square slider is close with static contact is provided with a dielectric disc, described disk is connected with square slider by adjusting screw rod, by adjusting screw rod, the distance between scalable square slider and dielectric disc.Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact of the present invention contact depth measurement device and method, can fast and effeciently measure the effective depth of dynamic/static contact contact.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device and method, it is adaptable to armored withdraw type is handed over
The para-position of stream metal closed switch cabinet circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact.
Background technology
The high pressure complexes that handcart type high voltage switch cabinet is made up of closed outer cover of steel plate and handcart.The open circuit configured
Body amasss little, lightweight so that cabinet body structure is constantly to miniaturization.Not only it is greatly saved floor space but also reliable
Achieve the reception of electric energy, distribute, control, measure and the function such as protection, be widely used in 10kV and 35kV system, be electric power
Electrical equipment important in system.
Due to cabinet design constantly to miniaturization, in handcart practical operation and maintenance, it is impossible to front is observed and surveyed
Amount handcart and cabinet dock situation, encounter following Three Difficult Issues in actual applications:
(1) along with modern society and expanding economy, the great demand of the energy is promoted developing rapidly of power industry, electrical network
The quantity of equipment exponentially formula increases.For improving the efficiency of maintenance, power system progressively uses concentration maintenance model.But it is traditional
Be coated with vaseline observe handcart docking vestige mode carry out handcart mass para-position, not only need substantial amounts of manpower, and
Also wanting repeatable operation to bit test if vestige is inconspicuous, the bottle once becoming substation equipment maintenance and repair work efficiency is tight, also largely effects on
The overall work effect concentrating maintenance.
(2) in monospace works, when carrying out para-position if desired for rival car contact, the most then need institute
Bus at interval stops labour and could overhaul, and expands power failure range, has been greatly reduced the reliability of power supply.
(3) use traditional handcart alignment mode, there is certain observation error.If deviation is relatively big, it is in operation and makes
Become contact heating and be difficult to be found, whole hands injured will be burnt time serious, and in the short time, be difficult to repairing recovery, and cause certain
The long-term power failure of circuit.
(4) running in operating process, when handcart is made into stand-by heat by cold standby, handcart puts in place with or without shaking, and dynamic/static contact connects
Whether the tactile degree of depth meets the requirements cannot be observed problem.
In view of this, this is studied by the present inventor, develops a kind of circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact specially deep
Degree measurement apparatus and method, this case thus produces.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device and method, can be quick
The effective depth of effectively measuring dynamic/static contact contact.
To achieve these goals, the solution of the present invention is:
Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device, is installed in the inner tube of handcart moving contact arm, outside square
Set, is movably arranged on the square slider in square overcoat, and described square outer casing inner wall is provided with and moves for detecting square slider
The scale value of distance, the one end side that described square slider is close with static contact is provided with a dielectric disc, and described disk is by adjusting
Joint screw rod is connected with square slider, by adjusting screw rod, the distance between scalable square slider and dielectric disc.
As preferably, at least 2 relative sidewalls of described square overcoat are provided with several screw, are provided with in described screw
Top contacts with the inner tube of handcart moving contact arm with the screw thread plunger of spring ball head, the spring bulb of described screw thread plunger,
Moving contact arm inner tube wall is withstood, it is ensured that described measurement apparatus is fixing reliable by screw thread plunger.
As preferably, described square overcoat is provided with a damping location division, institute near one of them inside sidewalls of static contact
Stating damping location division to contact with square slider, on the one hand damping location division can make square slider edge side under the effect of thrust
Shape overcoat moves, and on the other hand can ensure that again square slider arbitrarily will not move in square overcoat, and influence depth is observed.
As preferably, being additionally provided with one stroke switch inside described square overcoat, described travel switch is located remotely from static contact
One end, when handcart dynamic/static contact touches minimum-depth, square slider touches travel switch.
As preferably, described travel switch is connected with wireless receiving module, the signal received by wireless receiving module
Touch LED light, and then display state.
As preferably, described square overcoat, square slider, dielectric disc all use insulant.
The measuring method of above-mentioned circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device, comprises the steps:
Step 1, first calculating determine minimum-depth when handcart moving contact, static contact contact, and square slider is square to insulation
Overcoat pushes the identical degree of depth, adjusts the travel switch position in square overcoat, makes square slider now can just trigger stroke
Switch motion;
Step 2, in the screw of square overcoat, it is screwed into the top screw thread plunger with spring ball head, makes screw thread plunger withstand dynamic touching
Head arm inner tube wall, it is ensured that measurement apparatus is fixing reliable;
Step 3, square slider is put in square overcoat, and maintain an equal level with square outer running-on, in the front end screw of square overcoat,
Ecto-entad is screwed into the top screw thread plunger with spring ball head, forms damping location division, sliding at square overcoat to square slider
Resistance certain during Dong;
Step 4, length-adjustable adjusting screw rod one end being screwed into square slider, the other end connects dielectric disc, and makes insulation
Disk maintains an equal level with moving contact contact point;
Step 5, handcart is pushed switch cubicle and shake into, when moving contact, static contact reach the standard minimum effectively contact degree of depth, side
Shape slide block touches travel switch, and after wireless receiving module receives signal, corresponding LED light is bright, continues shake to putting in place
After shake out, remove after dielectric disc i.e. it can be seen that scale inside square overcoat, take square slider the most square overcoat displacement away from
From, i.e. can get the degree of depth of moving contact, static contact, then deduct the horizontal length of static contact fillet surface, be dynamic/static contact and connect
The effective depth touched.
Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact of the present invention contact depth measurement device and method, have the advantage that
(1) various for hands injured producer, it is provided that handcart contact configuration design be also different from, measurement apparatus of the present invention
All can detachable install, and fixing reliable, and keep enough safe distances with grounding device;
(2) carry Measurement scales, can directly read after handcart para-position, improve efficiency and the accuracy of handcart para-position;
(3) when bus runs, the most recordable docking depth value, after handcart pulls out, reads measurement result;
(4) handcart shakes fashionable, when the dynamic/static contact contact degree of depth meets minimal distance requirement, sends indication signal.When guaranteeing operation
Reliability;
(5) use all insulation material, after installation the current-carrying part of switching on/off handcart remain to alternate and over the ground between keep enough peace
Full distance, has higher reliability.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device sectional view of the present embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device instrumentation plan of the present embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device described in the present embodiment, is installed on handcart moving contact arm
In inner tube (handcart is provided with 6 moving contacts), including square overcoat 1, it is movably arranged on the square slider 2 in square overcoat 1, described
Square overcoat 1 inwall is provided with the scale value for detecting square slider 2 displacement, and 2 at least 2, described square overcoat is relative
Sidewall be provided with several screw, the top screw thread plunger 3 with spring ball head is installed in described screw, is screwed into from inside to outside
Screw thread plunger 3, makes the spring ball crown at screw thread plunger 3 top live moving contact arm inner tube wall, it is ensured that measurement apparatus is fixing reliable;
Screw thread plunger 3 the length according to square overcoat 1 is set depending on, typically in upper and lower 2 sides of square overcoat uniformly even 2 ~ 3
Individual, but for ensureing directionless skew in moving process, screw thread plunger 3 generally individually uses and is symmetrically installed.
Described square overcoat 1 is provided with a damping near one of them inside sidewalls of static contact and determines portion 4, described damping location
Portion 4 contacts with square slider 2, damping location division 4 one aspect can so that square slider 2 under the effect of thrust along square overcoat
Mobile, on the other hand can ensure that again square slider 2 arbitrarily will not move in square overcoat 1, influence depth is observed.In this reality
Executing in example, described damping is determined portion 4 and is also adopted by the top screw thread plunger with spring ball head, and square overcoat 1 is provided with and threaded post
The screw that plug coordinates, on square outer set, ecto-entad is threaded into plunger, make the spring ball head of screw thread plunger head with
Square slider 2 contacts, thus gives square slider 2 resistance certain in square overcoat 1 sliding process, it is ensured that handcart shake into
In the vibrations shaken out, square slider 2 will not conjugate easily, and when moving contact contacts and climbs up static contact, square slider 2 is quiet
Contact again can be to motion under promoting.
The one end side that described square slider 2 is close with static contact is provided with a dielectric disc 6, and described disk 6 is by regulation
Screw rod 5 is connected with square slider 2, by adjusting screw rod 5, the distance between scalable square slider 2 and dielectric disc 6, the side of making
Shape slide block is in zero graduation position, and dielectric disc maintains an equal level with moving contact contact point.
Being additionally provided with one stroke switch 7 inside described square overcoat 1, described travel switch 7 is located remotely from one end of static contact,
When handcart dynamic/static contact touches minimum-depth, square slider 2 touches travel switch 7, travel switch 7 and wireless receiving mould
Block is connected, and the signal received by wireless receiving module touches LED light, and then display state.
In the present embodiment, described square overcoat 1, square slider 2, dielectric disc 6 all use unsaturated alkyd resin exhausted
Edge material.
The measuring method of above-mentioned circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device, comprises the steps:
Step 1, first calculating determine that (minimum-depth=standard specifies minimum-depth when handcart moving contact 8, static contact 9 contact
Moving contact 8 climbs up the effective depth after static contact 9 fillet surface+switch cubicle static contact 9 fillet surface horizontal length), by square slider 2
To insulating, square overcoat 1 pushes the identical degree of depth, adjusts travel switch 7 position in square overcoat, makes square slider 2 the most firm
Travel switch 7 action can be triggered well;
Step 2, square overcoat 1 front and back end upper and lower side are respectively equipped with four threaded screws, are screwed into top tape from inside to outside
There is the screw thread plunger 3 of spring bulb, make screw thread plunger withstand moving contact arm inner tube 10 inwall, it is ensured that measurement apparatus is fixing reliable;
Step 3, square slider 2 is put in square overcoat 1, and maintain an equal level with 1 mouthful of square overcoat, at the front end spiral shell of square overcoat 1
Kong Zhong, ecto-entad is screwed into the top screw thread plunger with spring ball head, forms damping location division 4, to square slider 2 square
Resistance certain in overcoat 1 sliding process;
Step 4, length-adjustable adjusting screw rod 5 one end being screwed into square slider 2, the other end connects dielectric disc 6, and the side of making
Shape slide block is in zero graduation position, and dielectric disc 6 maintains an equal level with moving contact contact point;
Step 5, handcart is pushed switch cubicle and shake into, when moving contact 8, static contact 9 reach the standard minimum effectively contact degree of depth,
Square slider 2 touches travel switch 7, and after wireless receiving module receives signal, corresponding LED light is bright, continues shake extremely
Shake out after putting in place, remove after dielectric disc 6 i.e. it can be seen that scale inside square overcoat 1, take the most square overcoat of square slider 2
1 shift length, i.e. can get moving contact 8, the degree of depth of static contact 9, then deducts the horizontal length of static contact 9 fillet surface, be
The effective depth of dynamic/static contact contact.
Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device described in the present embodiment all can detachable be installed, and solid
Fixed reliable, and keep enough safe distances with grounding device, it is applicable to the hands injured handcart contact of all size;Carry survey
Amount scale, can directly read after handcart para-position, improves efficiency and the accuracy of handcart para-position;Use all insulation material, after installation
The current-carrying part of switching on/off handcart remain to alternate and over the ground between keep enough safe distance, there is higher reliability.Described
Measuring method when bus runs, the most recordable docking depth value, until handcart pull out after, read measurement result;Handcart shakes fashionable,
When the dynamic/static contact contact degree of depth meets minimal distance requirement, send indication signal.Guarantee reliability during operation;
Above-described embodiment and the product form of the graphic and non-limiting present invention and style, the ordinary skill of any art
Personnel are suitably changed what it did or modify, and all should be regarded as the patent category without departing from the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device, it is characterised in that: it is installed on the inner tube of handcart moving contact arm
In, including square overcoat, it being movably arranged on the square slider in square overcoat, described square outer casing inner wall is provided with for detecting
The scale value of square slider displacement, the one end side that described square slider is close with static contact is provided with a dielectric disc, institute
State disk and be connected with square slider by adjusting screw rod, by adjusting screw rod, regulate between square slider and dielectric disc away from
From.
2. circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described square
The sidewall that at least 2, overcoat is relative is provided with several screw, is provided with the top threaded post with spring ball head in described screw
Plug, the spring bulb of described screw thread plunger contacts with the inner tube of handcart moving contact arm.
3. circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described square
Overcoat is provided with a damping location division near one of them inside sidewalls of static contact, and described damping location division connects with square slider
Touch.
4. circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described damping
Employing top, location division is with the screw thread plunger of spring ball head.
5. circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described square
Being additionally provided with one stroke switch inside overcoat, described travel switch is located remotely from one end of static contact, when handcart dynamic/static contact contacts
During to minimum-depth, square slider touches travel switch.
6. circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described stroke
Switch is connected with wireless receiving module, and the signal received by wireless receiving module touches LED light.
7. circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described square
Overcoat, square slider, dielectric disc all use insulant.
8. the measuring method of circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1, first calculating determine minimum-depth when handcart moving contact, static contact contact, and square slider is square to insulation
Overcoat pushes the identical degree of depth, adjusts the travel switch position in square overcoat, makes square slider now can just trigger stroke
Switch motion;
Step 2, in the screw of square overcoat, it is screwed into the top screw thread plunger with spring ball head, makes screw thread plunger withstand dynamic touching
Head arm inner tube wall, it is ensured that measurement apparatus is fixing reliable;
Step 3, square slider is put in square overcoat, and maintain an equal level with square outer running-on, in the front end screw of square overcoat,
Ecto-entad is screwed into the top screw thread plunger with spring ball head, forms damping location division, sliding at square overcoat to square slider
Resistance certain during Dong;
Step 4, length-adjustable adjusting screw rod one end being screwed into square slider, the other end connects dielectric disc, and makes insulation
Disk maintains an equal level with moving contact contact point;
Step 5, handcart is pushed switch cubicle and shake into, when moving contact, static contact reach the standard minimum effectively contact degree of depth, side
Shape slide block touches travel switch, and after wireless receiving module receives signal, corresponding LED light is bright, continues shake to putting in place
After shake out, remove after dielectric disc i.e. it can be seen that scale inside square overcoat, take square slider the most square overcoat displacement away from
From, i.e. can get the degree of depth of moving contact, static contact, then deduct the horizontal length of static contact fillet surface, be dynamic/static contact and connect
The effective depth touched.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610621599.XA CN106067659B (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contacts depth measurement device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610621599.XA CN106067659B (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contacts depth measurement device and method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106067659A true CN106067659A (en) | 2016-11-02 |
CN106067659B CN106067659B (en) | 2018-08-10 |
Family
ID=57207473
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610621599.XA Active CN106067659B (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contacts depth measurement device and method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106067659B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108050917A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2018-05-18 | 国网山东省电力公司乳山市供电公司 | A kind of switchgear dynamic/static contact contacts depth measurement device |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06109404A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-19 | Nichiden Mach Ltd | Method and apparatus for measuring depth |
CN201622046U (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-11-03 | 广东天富电气有限公司 | Measuring device for detecting inserting depth of contact of cart |
CN104132603A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-05 | 国家电网公司 | Occlusion depth gauge |
CN203940813U (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-12 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of contact insertion depth precision measurement instrument |
CN204649127U (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-16 | 国家电网公司 | 10kV switch cart contact stroke special measurement instrument |
CN105674872A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏省电力公司东台市供电公司 | Centrally installed switchgear handcart movable and fixed contact insertion depth measuring instrument |
CN205985888U (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-02-22 | 国网浙江省电力公司绍兴供电公司 | Dark measuring device of circuit breaker handcart sound male contact |
-
2016
- 2016-07-29 CN CN201610621599.XA patent/CN106067659B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06109404A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-19 | Nichiden Mach Ltd | Method and apparatus for measuring depth |
CN201622046U (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-11-03 | 广东天富电气有限公司 | Measuring device for detecting inserting depth of contact of cart |
CN104132603A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-05 | 国家电网公司 | Occlusion depth gauge |
CN203940813U (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-12 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of contact insertion depth precision measurement instrument |
CN204649127U (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-16 | 国家电网公司 | 10kV switch cart contact stroke special measurement instrument |
CN105674872A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏省电力公司东台市供电公司 | Centrally installed switchgear handcart movable and fixed contact insertion depth measuring instrument |
CN205985888U (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-02-22 | 国网浙江省电力公司绍兴供电公司 | Dark measuring device of circuit breaker handcart sound male contact |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108050917A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2018-05-18 | 国网山东省电力公司乳山市供电公司 | A kind of switchgear dynamic/static contact contacts depth measurement device |
CN108050917B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2019-08-20 | 山东和兑智能科技有限公司 | A kind of switchgear dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106067659B (en) | 2018-08-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102608388B (en) | VFTO (very fast transient overvoltage) measurement method and system | |
CN103135086A (en) | Calibration device and calibration and verification method for direct current electric field measuring apparatus | |
CN103176113A (en) | Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) partial discharge calibration method and system | |
CN106067659A (en) | Circuit breaker cart dynamic/static contact contact depth measurement device and method | |
CN105353302A (en) | Switch equipment arcing time detection device and switch equipment arcing time detection method | |
CN205985888U (en) | Dark measuring device of circuit breaker handcart sound male contact | |
CN106374378A (en) | Centrally installed switchgear test handcart | |
CN106199361B (en) | GIS equipment solid insulation multifactor aging test platform | |
CN103579942A (en) | High-pressure extraction type metering device | |
CN204405036U (en) | A kind of high precision switch over travel measurement mechanism | |
CN103115550A (en) | Adjustable pitch measuring device | |
CN203687913U (en) | Accurate measurement device for switch travel | |
CN203553706U (en) | High-voltage drawable metering device | |
CN204142895U (en) | Non-contact type ultrasonic sensing device | |
CN204649127U (en) | 10kV switch cart contact stroke special measurement instrument | |
CN103954919A (en) | Measuring device for transient state magnetic field in miniature circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber | |
CN204088881U (en) | A kind of two-way 20kV composite wave ball discharge device | |
CN204649861U (en) | A kind of quartz-crystal resonator temperature testing device | |
CN207976234U (en) | A kind of breaker temperature transducer | |
CN202562625U (en) | Temperature measuring device of high voltage switch cabinet | |
CN203465343U (en) | High-precision high-voltage sensor in high-voltage equipment | |
CN207007093U (en) | Non-contact position sensor | |
CN204831098U (en) | Instrument of high altitude live line measurement porcelain insulator structrual height | |
CN203241506U (en) | Sensor for partial discharge detection on high-voltage switch cabinet | |
CN101893482A (en) | Combination device for infrared temperature measurement of high-voltage switch cabinet |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |