CN106066170B - A kind of sun sensor and its measuring method based on photoelectric converter - Google Patents
A kind of sun sensor and its measuring method based on photoelectric converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106066170B CN106066170B CN201610349644.0A CN201610349644A CN106066170B CN 106066170 B CN106066170 B CN 106066170B CN 201610349644 A CN201610349644 A CN 201610349644A CN 106066170 B CN106066170 B CN 106066170B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/02—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by astronomical means
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sun sensors and its measuring method based on photoelectric converter, belong to field of aerospace technology, including satellite main body, two supporting structures are separately mounted in a vertical angles of satellite main body, there are three orthogonal faces for each supporting structure, each face of each supporting structure is installed by photoelectric converter, signal processing circuit is mounted on inside satellite main body, signal processing circuit is by signal conditioning circuit, temperature detector and processor composition, each photoelectric converter connects respectively with corresponding signal conditioning circuit, signal conditioning circuit is connect with processor, voltage signal is input to processor, temperature detector is connect with processor, the temperature signal of satellite main body is input to processor.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of sun sensor and its measuring method based on photoelectric converter, solves problems of the prior art, has the advantages that full filed, small, light weight.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of aerospace technology, are related to a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter and its measurement
Method realizes the measurement at solar vector angle particularly for micro-nano satellite.
Background technology
Posture in real time determine be satellite carry out high-precision control premise and basis, and the observation of the in-orbit state of satellite need
Obtain the relative position information with reference to celestial body, sunlight have high brightness, high s/n ratio, the high depth of parallelism characteristic, make its appearance
It easily detects and solar vector angular direction is almost unrelated with satellite orbit, so satellite installation solar vector angle transducer carries out it
Attitude detection is of great significance.
At present, it is broadly divided into analog solar vector angle transducer sum number using more mature solar vector angle transducer
Word formula solar vector angle transducer.
Analog solar vector angle transducer utilizes photoelectric linear characteristic of solar battery sheet, passes through solar energy
The short-circuit output current of cell piece and the linear relationship of luminous flux, obtain solar vector angular direction.Such as China Patent No.
ZL201310317156.8, patent name be " a kind of thick sun sensor for measuring sun position angle ", the day for announcing 2015
On July 8, disclose a kind of sun sensor for measuring sun position angle, including agent structure, pedestal, battery component,
Reference mirror, electric connector and grounding assembly, agent structure be tetragonous cone table shape, four sides and a top surface of tetragonous cone table
On be respectively mounted battery component, by measure each battery output realize solar azimuth measurement, the sun sensor compared to pass
System simulated solar sensor small volume, lighter weight, visual field are larger.
Digital solar vector angle transducer acquires sun image by imaging sensor, is obtained by digital image processing
Solar vector angular direction.Such as China Patent No. ZL201410065241.4, patent name is " sun sensor ", the day for announcing 2016
On January 20, disclose a kind of sun sensor, including sunlight lead, sunlight lead have multigroup visual field location hole and
Total visual field of sun sensor is divided into multiple points of visual fields by multigroup posture renewal hole using multigroup visual field location hole, using more
The turnover rate amplification factor of group posture renewal hole adjustment sun sensor;Image detector, image detector are located at light introducing
It is spaced a predetermined distance below device and with sunlight lead.The sun sensor is realized provides rad grade under large viewing field condition
Incidence angle measurement accuracy.
In conclusion existing analog solar vector angle transducer and the digital usual volume of solar vector angle transducer
It is larger, heavier mass, and can not realize full filed, the larger load for occupying satellite;In this field, the sun is accurately being measured
Under the premise of azimuth, structure is simpler, quality is lighter, volume is the smaller the better.
Invention content
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter, solves existing
The problem of technology, the sun sensor have the advantages that full filed, small, light weight.
It is another object of the invention to provide a kind of sun sensors based on photoelectric converter to measure solar vector in real time
The method at angle.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter, including satellite main body,
Two supporting structures are separately mounted in a vertical angles of satellite main body, and each supporting structure is there are three orthogonal face, often
Photoelectric converter is installed in each face of a supporting structure, and photoelectric converter is at least 6, ensures 6 faces of satellite main body all
There is photoelectric converter;Signal processing circuit is mounted on inside satellite main body, and signal processing circuit is examined by signal conditioning circuit, temperature
Device and processor composition are surveyed, signal conditioning circuit, temperature detector set 6 or 6 or more;Each photoelectric converter respectively with
Corresponding signal conditioning circuit connection, signal conditioning circuit includes resistance and operational amplifier, by resistance photoelectric converter
The current signal of output is converted to voltage signal, then is amplified by operational amplifier;Signal conditioning circuit is connect with processor, will
Voltage signal is input to processor, and temperature detector is connect with processor, and the temperature signal in 6 faces of satellite main body is input to
Processor.
The present invention is further characterized in that further, each face of supporting structure and the surface of satellite main body fit.
Further, the model S10604-200CT of photoelectric converter.
Further, the model TLC271 of operational amplifier.
Further, processor uses the microcontroller of model STM32F103.
Further, temperature detector uses the digital temperature sensor of model 18B20.
Further, each photoelectric converter forms one with corresponding signal conditioning circuit, corresponding temperature detector
Module, the identical module of at least six are connected respectively with processor.
A kind of method that sun sensor based on photoelectric converter measures solar vector angle in real time, specifically according to following step
It is rapid to carry out:
Step 1, the output of all photoelectric converters is obtained by processor, measuring six photoelectricity by temperature detector turns
The temperature of parallel operation carries out temperature-compensating according to temperature to the output of all photoelectric converters;
Step 2,1 that receives sunlight, 2 or 3 photoelectric converters are found out, and record the light for receiving sunlight
The quantity of electric transducer;
Step 3, the output of the quantity of the photoelectric converter according to step 2 and corresponding photoelectric converter, utilizes photoelectricity
Cosine function relationship between the output of converter and angle of incidence of sunlight acquires solar vector angle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention directly utilizes satellite main body, mounting bracket knot on the apex angle of satellite main body
Structure, for each supporting structure there are three face, photoelectric converter is installed in each face of each supporting structure, forms sun sensor,
Photoelectric converter is all installed on each surface for realizing satellite main body, that is, has the advantages that full filed, and secondly, photoelectric converter is concentrated
On the apex angle of satellite main body, the occupancy volume of the sun sensor of the present invention is largely saved, the present invention uses light
Electric transducer measures solar vector angle, has the advantages that full filed, small size and low-quality, available for conventional satellite, micro-nano
In satellite and skin satellite.
The present invention utilizes the incidence angle of the output of photoelectric converter and the sunlight of given irradiation level into cosine function relationship
The characteristics of, solar vector angle is measured, so can realize that full filed measures.Meanwhile compared with traditional analog formula sun sensor,
Eliminate the sunlight lead for occupying larger volume quality.It is larger without volume mass compared with digital sun sensor
Camera lens;So the present invention also has the advantages that small size and low-quality.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of supporting structure in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of signal processing circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is solar vector angular coordinate system schematic diagram of the sun sensor of the present invention on satellite.
In figure, 1. photoelectric converters, 11. first photoelectric converters, 12. second photoelectric converters, 13. third opto-electronic conversions
Device, 14. the 4th photoelectric converters, 15. the 5th photoelectric converters, 16. the 6th photoelectric converters, 2. signal processing circuits, 3. defend
Star main body, 4. supporting structures, 41. first support structures, 42. second support structures, 5. signal conditioning circuits, 6. temperature detections
Device, 7. processors, 8. modules, 9. microcontrollers.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
The embodiment of description is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention,
Those of ordinary skill in the art's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work, belong to this hair
The range of bright protection.
The structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figs. 1-3, supporting structure 4 is by first support structure 41 and second
Frame structure 42 forms, photoelectric converter 1 by the first photoelectric converter 11, the second photoelectric converter 12, third photoelectric converter 13,
4th photoelectric converter 14, the 5th photoelectric converter 15, the 6th photoelectric converter 16 form;First support structure 41 and second
Frame structure 42 is separately mounted in a vertical angles of satellite main body 3, and three of first support structure 41 are mutually perpendicular to face and satellite
The surface of main body 3 fits, and three of second support structure 42 are mutually perpendicular to face and the surface of satellite main body 3 and fit, and first
First photoelectric converter 11, the second photoelectric converter 12, third are installed respectively on three orthogonal faces of supporting structure 41
Photoelectric converter 13 installs the 4th photoelectric converter the 14, the 5th on three orthogonal faces of second support structure 42 respectively
Photoelectric converter 15, the 6th photoelectric converter 16;Signal processing circuit 2 is mounted on inside satellite main body 3, signal processing circuit 2
It is made of signal conditioning circuit 5, temperature detector 6 and processor 7, signal conditioning circuit 5, temperature detector 6 set 6 respectively
It is a, the first photoelectric converter 11, the second photoelectric converter 12, third photoelectric converter 13, the 4th photoelectric converter 14, the 5th light
Electric transducer 15, the 6th photoelectric converter 16 connect respectively with corresponding signal conditioning circuit 5, and signal conditioning circuit 5 includes electricity
The current signal that corresponding photoelectric converter 1 exports is converted to electricity by resistance and operational amplifier, signal conditioning circuit 5 by resistance
Signal is pressed, then is amplified by general-purpose operation amplifier TLC271;Corresponding signal conditioning circuit 5 is connect with processor 7, by voltage
Signal is input to processor 7, and temperature detector 6 is connect with processor 7, and the temperature signal in 6 faces of satellite main body 3 is input to
Processor 7.
Each photoelectric converter 1 forms a module 8,6 with corresponding signal conditioning circuit 5, corresponding temperature detector 6
A identical module 8 is connected respectively with processor 7 realizes the measurement function at solar vector angle.
Temperature detector 6 uses digital temperature sensor 18B20, and circuit is simple, supports monobus;
For processor 7 using having the function of the microcontroller 9 of low-power consumption, the model STM32F103 of microcontroller 9 has 72Mhz
Dominant frequency and powerful hardware resource;
The principle of the present invention is:The output of photoelectric converter 1 is directly proportional to the solar radiation flux received, receives
Solar radiation flux it is directly proportional to sunlight vector angle, can be by measuring photoelectric converter 1 using this characteristic
Output obtains solar vector angle.
Solar vector angular coordinate system as shown in Figure 4 is established, a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter of the present invention is real
When measure solar vector angle method, specifically follow the steps below:
Into cosine function relationship, a photoelectric converter 1 between output and angle of incidence of sunlight due to photoelectric converter 1
A circular conical surface can be obtained, practical solar vector is included in obtained circular conical surface.3 or more non-coplanar photoelectricity turn
Parallel operation 1 can be in the hope of unique solar vector.Specific measuring method is as follows:
Step 1, the output of all photoelectric converters 1 is obtained by processor 7, six light are measured by temperature detector 6
The temperature of electric transducer 1 carries out temperature-compensating according to temperature to the output of all photoelectric converters 1;
Step 2,1 that receives sunlight, 2 or 3 photoelectric converters 1 are found out, and records and receives sunlight
The quantity of photoelectric converter 1;
Step 3, the value exported according to the quantity of photoelectric converter in step 21 and corresponding photoelectric converter 1, utilizes photoelectricity
Into the principle of cosine function relationship between value and angle of incidence of sunlight that converter 1 exports, solar vector angle is acquired.
In Fig. 4, θxSolar vector is represented in the projection of X/Y plane and the angle of X-axis, θySolar vector is represented in X/Y plane
Projection and the angle of Y-axis, θzSolar vector is represented in the projection of ZY planes and the angle of Z axis.
The present invention directly utilizes satellite main body 3, and mounting support structure 4 on the apex angle of satellite main body 3, supporting structure 4 has three
Photoelectric converter 1 is installed in a face on each face of each supporting structure 4, is formed sun sensor, is realized satellite main body 3
Each surface photoelectric converter 1 is all installed, that is, there is full filed, secondly, photoelectric converter 1 concentrates on satellite main body 3
Apex angle on, largely saved the present invention sun sensor occupancy volume.
The model S10604-200CT of the photoelectric converter 1 used in the present invention, the package size of one piece of element is length
2mm × wide 1.25mm × high 0.8mm, area of the supporting structure 4 per face need to only meet one piece of photoelectric converter of installation, in addition this hair
The bright light without traditional analog formula sun sensor introduces structure, and light, which introduces structure, has larger volume and quality.Together
When digital sun sensor due to using Digital image technology, imaging sensor needs microscope group to introduce light, microscope group have compared with
Large volume and quality.So the volume and quality of sun sensor proposed by the present invention are sensitive much smaller than traditional analog sun
Device and digital sun sensor.
It should be noted that herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any this practical relationship or sequence.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only will including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed or further include as this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Also there are other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter, which is characterized in that including satellite main body (3), two supporting structures
(4) it is separately mounted in a vertical angles of satellite main body (3), there are three orthogonal face, Mei Gezhi for each supporting structure (4)
Photoelectric converter (1) is installed in each face of frame structure (4), and photoelectric converter (1) is at least 6, ensures satellite main body (3)
There is photoelectric converter (1) in 6 faces;Signal processing circuit (2) is internal mounted on satellite main body (3), signal processing circuit (2) by
Signal conditioning circuit (5), temperature detector (6) and processor (7) composition, signal conditioning circuit (5), temperature detector (6) are set
Put 6 or 6 or more;Each photoelectric converter (1) connects respectively with corresponding signal conditioning circuit (5), signal conditioning circuit
(5) including resistance and operational amplifier, the current signal that photoelectric converter (1) exports is converted to by resistance by voltage signal,
Amplified again by operational amplifier;Signal conditioning circuit (5) is connect with processor (7), and voltage signal is input to processor
(7), temperature detector (6) is connect with processor (7), and the temperature signal in 6 faces of satellite main body (3) is input to processor
(7)。
A kind of 2. sun sensor based on photoelectric converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stent knot
Each face of structure (4) and the surface of satellite main body (3) fit.
3. a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the photoelectricity turns
The model S10604-200CT of parallel operation (1).
4. a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the operation is put
The model TLC271 of big device.
A kind of 5. sun sensor based on photoelectric converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the processor
(7) using the microcontroller (9) of model STM32F103.
A kind of 6. sun sensor based on photoelectric converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature inspection
Survey digital temperature sensor of the device (6) using model 18B20.
7. a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter according to claim 1-6 any one, which is characterized in that
Each photoelectric converter (1) forms a module with corresponding signal conditioning circuit (5) and corresponding temperature detector (6)
(8), the identical module of at least six (8) is connected respectively with processor (7).
8. solar vector angle is measured using a kind of sun sensor based on photoelectric converter as described in claim 1 in real time
Method, which is characterized in that specifically follow the steps below:
Step 1, the output of all photoelectric converters (1) is obtained by processor (7), six are measured by temperature detector (6)
The temperature of photoelectric converter (1) carries out temperature-compensating according to temperature to the output of all photoelectric converters (1);
Step 2,1 that receives sunlight, 2 or 3 photoelectric converter (1) is found out, and records the light for receiving sunlight
The quantity of electric transducer (1);
Step 3, the output of the quantity of the photoelectric converter according to step 2 (1) and corresponding photoelectric converter (1), utilizes light
Cosine function relationship between the output of electric transducer (1) and angle of incidence of sunlight, acquires solar vector angle.
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US8450895B1 (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2013-05-28 | Levitate Ip, Llc | 3-D servo positioning system and method |
CN101586954A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-11-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Digital sun sensor for stable-spinning micro/nano satellite |
CN101694382A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-04-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Solar azimuth sensor and solar tracking device based on Y-type layout of photovoltaic cells |
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