CN106058489B - A kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method - Google Patents
A kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106058489B CN106058489B CN201610477679.2A CN201610477679A CN106058489B CN 106058489 B CN106058489 B CN 106058489B CN 201610477679 A CN201610477679 A CN 201610477679A CN 106058489 B CN106058489 B CN 106058489B
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric power instruments to manage RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, including S1 establishes antenna zone of action model, establishes spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ, determines extreme point and judges a little；S2 obtains array gain G using judgement point and extreme pointrSize, and according to array gain GrWith the correspondence calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n, element number of array n is obtained；S3 obtains antenna array array element spacing d according to space angle θ determined by position of the point with extreme point is judged using antenna array ellipse calculating formula；S4 establishes RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array on the basis of obtaining element number of array n and array element spacing d.The present invention can preferably meet determines the antenna zone of action in user, and under conditions of known RFID tags parameter, obtains array gain Gr, the coordinate position of antenna array element number of array n, antenna array array element spacing d and each array element realizes the design of RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of antenna more particularly to RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array to design, and in particular to Yi Zhong electricity
Power Work tool manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method.
Background technology
Safety in production and power supply reliability are particularly significant in power generation.The quality of managing security tools and instruments will directly influence
The electric power enterprise person in process of production and equipment safety.Electric power instrument wide variety, quantity is big, and Classification Management is safeguarded
Equipment plays the role of livewire work vital.Because electric power instrument is constantly used, it is in flow regime, with traditional
Electric power instrument is checked in note paper record, and carries out the mode of regular quality examination or replacement to it, is often required to spend a large amount of people
Power material resources and time.In order to accomplish informationization to electric power instrument, efficient safety management can be by RFID Radio Frequency Identification Technology
It applies in electric power instrument management.RFID identification technical work process is not necessarily to manual intervention, can recognize that multiple and high speed is transported
Dynamic label, influenced by working environment it is smaller, it is this to have the advantages that a variety of wireless recognition techniques has been widely used in traffic, object
The fields such as stream.Undoubtedly, the efficiency of management will be effectively improved by RFID technique being applied to electric power instrument management.Electric power instrument
It is placed on substation, is powered in the electric power instrument room of transport inspection department door.Work of electric power system personnel give back safe work device in lending
Since the mode for holding managing security tools and instruments is different when tool, position when label is by the antenna zone of action, direction, speed etc. is not
Together.Indefinite position and indefinite recognition efficiency difficulty will be substantially increased by speed.Electric power instrument room is not of uniform size, from ten
Several square meters are different according to the difference of power department work requirements to tens square meters.Electric power instrument management is indoors, with room
Outer RFID identification is different, and interior requires reading and writing device antenna volume too big, and to be combined with current electric power instrument room,
Very big change cannot be carried out to existing Work tool room.That is the relatively existing at present outdoor reader of reading and writing device antenna size is compared,
Volume needs to reduce, and is more suitable for indoor environment.It is suitable that the sphere of action of reading and writing device antenna needs, if the sphere of action of reading and writing device antenna
Excessive, then electric power instrument label is in identified state because being constantly in antenna sphere of action, cannot achieve to electric power
The information management of Work tool disengaging.Therefore the identification range of ideal RFID reader antenna is only being read and write in certain area
Device antenna sphere of action, and work while realizing effectively identification, is improved in other regions then not in reading and writing device antenna sphere of action
Utensil room area utilization.The reading and writing device antenna of current RFID identification technology is mostly individual antenna or mutiple antennas but timesharing is presented
Electricity.This method disclosure satisfy that the reading to big region interior label information, but cannot meet in the cell being had certain limitations to region
In domain.
Invention content
In view of this, the invention discloses a kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design sides
Method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna
Uniform straight line array design method, includes the following steps：
Requirements and limitation of the S1 according to the management of electric system Work tool to the antenna zone of action, establish antenna zone of action mould
Type, and using antenna zone of action model end face center as origin, establish spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ, determine extreme point
With judge a little.
S2 obtains array gain G according to Propagation models of electromagnetic wave propagation, using judgement point and extreme pointrSize, and according to
Array gain GrWith the correspondence calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n, element number of array n is obtained.
S3 is obtaining array gain GrOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to sentencing
Space angle θ determined by the position of breakpoint and extreme point obtains antenna array array element spacing d using antenna array ellipse calculating formula；
S4, using array element coordinate calculating formula, obtains each array element on the basis of obtaining element number of array n and array element spacing d
Coordinate position, to establish RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array.
Further, the antenna array array element circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna, lengthWidthWherein leFor effective antenna length, Δ l is equivalent
The length of radiating slot, c are the light velocity in vacuum, f0For the working frequency of antenna, εeFor effective dielectric constant, εrFor medium
Relative dielectric constant.Increase degeneracy separation a and feed in the emulation of antenna array array element circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna
Factor coefficient b improves simulation efficiency and simulated effect.
Further, the antenna gain GrFor：Wherein L indicates the antenna zone of action
Length, W indicate that antenna zone of action width, H indicate antenna zone of action height, PtIndicate label minimum activating sensitivity, PrTable
Show antenna transmission power, GtIndicate the gain of RFID identification system label.
Further, the array gain GrCorrespondence calculating formula with antenna array element number of array n is：
Further, the array element coordinate calculating formula is：
Wherein (X+k,Y+k,Z+k), (X-k,Y-k,Z-k) it is respectively coordinate points of the array element in coordinate system XYZ, work as element number of array
When n is odd number, increase (X0,Y0,Z0) point.
Further, the antenna array ellipse calculating formula is：
Wherein n indicates that element number of array, d indicate array element spacing, GrIndicate array gain, θ representation space angles, k1、k2Table
Show that fitting coefficient, α, β indicate correction factor.
Further, the α=d-0.975, β=n-0.5
Further, the k1=0.00552, k2=725.
As a result of above technical scheme, the present invention has following advantageous effects：
The present invention can preferably meet determines the antenna zone of action, and the condition of known RFID tags parameter in user
Under, obtain array gain Gr, the coordinate position of antenna array element number of array n, antenna array array element spacing d and each array element realizes
The design of RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array.
Description of the drawings
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention make into
The detailed description of one step, wherein：
Fig. 1 is that the electric power instrument of the present invention manages RFID reader antenna zone of action model；
Fig. 2 is antenna model of ellipse figure；
Fig. 3 is that the uniform straight line array of the present invention emulates two dimensional gain directional diagram；
Fig. 4 is xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagramsPlane；
Fig. 5 is xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagramsPlane；
Fig. 6 data and function comparison diagrams.
Specific implementation mode
Below with reference to attached drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail；It should be appreciated that preferred embodiment
Only for illustrating the present invention, the protection domain being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method.The design method
It is the gain (G for being known RFID identification system labelt), minimum activating sensitivity (Pt) etc. parameters, the transmitting of reading and writing device antenna
Power Pr, reading and writing device antenna centre frequency f (hyper band), under conditions of the antenna zone of action (H, L, W), obtain antenna array increasing
Beneficial GrSize, according to array gain GrAntenna array element number of array n is obtained with the correspondence calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n.
Obtaining array gain GrOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to judgement point and extremely
Space angle θ determined by the position of point, antenna array array element spacing d is obtained using antenna array ellipse calculating formula.Obtaining array element
On the basis of number n and array element spacing d, using array element coordinate calculating formula, the coordinate position of each array element is obtained, to establish antenna
Uniform straight line array.
Steps are as follows for design method of the present invention：
Requirements and limitation of the S1 according to the management of electric system Work tool to the antenna zone of action, establish antenna zone of action mould
Type, and using antenna zone of action model end face center as origin, spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ are established, establish extreme point
With judge a little.With reference to figure 1, reference by location when as antenna array practical layout.
In the present invention, antenna array includes a burst of member of mutiple antennas, and antenna array array element is circular polarization ceramic microband paste day
Line, because realizing the emulation of single circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna.The initial length l, w of radiation patch are calculated according to formula.
By dielectric substrate parameters, the original dimension of radiation patch is calculated according to following formula：
Assuming that the effective length l of rectangular microband paste antennaeIt is set as
le=λg/2 (1)
λg：Guide wavelength
λ0：Free space wavelength, εe：Effective dielectric constant
εr：The relative dielectric constant of medium, h：Thickness of dielectric layers, w：The width of rectangular microband paste,
The length l of rectangular microband paste：
c：The light velocity in vacuum, f0：The working frequency of antenna, Δ l：The length in equivalent radiated power gap
The width w of rectangular microband paste：
The length l that formula (1)~(6) calculate the rectangular microband paste of gained is approximately resonance length lc, simple using increasing
And separative element realizes circular polarisation.Increase degeneracy separation a in the simulation process of circular polarization ceramic rectangular microband paste antenna
With feed factor coefficient b.Degeneracy separation a, i.e. Delta=a*lc, the scope of initial values of degeneracy separation a is 0.01~
0.02.The 50 Ω distributing points because of single-point feedback like square patch microstrip antenna are located on radiation patch diagonal line, increase feed because
Subsystem number b, i.e. the position l of distributing point1=-b*l, l2=b*w.The initial value of feed factor coefficient b is located between 0.11~0.15.
Finally with radiation patch resonance length lc, degeneracy separation a, feed factor coefficient b are variable, and addition dB (S (1,1)) (is returned
Wave is lost), dB (AxialRatio Value) (antenna axial ratio) optimizes for object function.
S2 obtains array gain G according to Propagation models of electromagnetic wave propagation, using judgement point and extreme pointrSize, and according to
Array gain GrWith the correspondence calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n, element number of array n is obtained；Theoretically analysis obtains
Line array array element spacing size will influence array gain size.
Free space Friss formula
Assuming that chip and Antenna Impedance Matching, then
Antenna gain and array element pattern function：
η：The radiation efficiency of antenna,Directivity factor
Array aerial direction figure function
Element factor；Array factor
In：Current phasor unit；Zn：Indicate the spatial position of each unit
Therefore the gain size of antenna array is related with array element spacing, can change antenna array by changing array element spacing size
Gain.
It is emulated in conjunction with HFSS, array gain GrIt is represented by with the correspondence calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n
S3 is obtaining array gain GrOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to sentencing
Space angle θ determined by the position of breakpoint and extreme point obtains antenna array array element spacing d using antenna array ellipse calculating formula.
On the Math of uniform straight line array, change antenna array element number of array n and array element spacing d sizes, in conjunction with antenna
Zone of action institute established model is analyzed the two dimensional gain directional diagram of simulation result, referring to attached drawing 3, is obtained referring to attached drawing 1
The different gains of different angle.
In Fig. 1, A points are to judge a little, and B points are extreme point.It can be covered comprehensively with judging that point A can be identified as antenna area
The standard of lid, extreme point B can not be identified as the standard of the limitation antenna zone of action.To xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagrams
It is analyzed.Xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagram is respectivelyWithPlane.Plane, referring to attached drawing 4.It wants
Its gain is asked to be more than GrAngle be more than 60 °.Plane, referring to attached drawing 5.Management based on electric power instrument needs to limit
Antenna reads and writes region in a certain range, and label cannot be identified by antenna.The present invention is sat with establishing right angle at antenna place for origin
Mark system XYZ, referring to attached drawing 1, X1=0, Y1=2L, Z1=H/2, i.e. B point cannot be covered at B points using antenna as restrictive condition.
ExistPlane, the θ determined by judging point A1=arctan (L/H), in ± θ1In range, gain is more than or equal to Gr.By
The θ that extreme point B is determined2Gain at=arctan (4L/H) is less than Gr.Required read-write region is completely covered in this, as antenna
Criterion.In ± θ1In range, the gain size of different angle is read.
On the basis of the data analysis of step S3, obtains bay number n and change, θ1=0 ° of corresponding gain changes
Become.Bay number n keeps certain, changes antenna spacing d sizes, the angulation change corresponding to identical gain size.The song
The variation tendency of line is similar with elliptical variation tendency, as shown in Fig. 2.Therefore the approximate array gain size of the present invention and its
Corresponding angle relationship is elliptic function.Antenna array element number of array and array element spacing and the long axis and short axle in antenna array elliptic function
Size is related, correlativity related coefficient k1,k2It indicates.Related coefficient k1,k2With step S3 the data obtaineds, use
MATLAB programming fittings.
Function expression derivation：According to emulation drawing effect, it is found that figure approximation can be retouched with elliptic equation form
It states,
K1 and k2 is obtained by being fitted, GrFor array gain, θ is space angle, and n indicates element number of array, and d tables
Show antenna array array element spacing.Known to analysis when changing antenna number n, the n values of oval corresponding expression formula change, and d
Also can slightly change not, it is possible to above-mentioned (14) are modified using correction factor α, β, obtained
Increased according to antenna number, n increases, and d slightly increases.When similarly changing spacing, corresponding d values increase, and n slightly increases
Greatly.By simulation analysis, correction factor may be configured as α=d-0.975, β=n-0.5。
Matlab fitting theories are least square method, find optimal elliptic curve.Finally it is fitted to obtain k1=0.00552, k2
=725, obtaining following general purpose function expression formula is：
When antenna array element number of array takes 2,3,4 respectively, spacing 100mm, the data such as table 1 of test.Emulate data and letter
Number expression formula comparison diagram such as Fig. 6, * indicates emulation data, and curve indicates to obtain the curve that function is drawn with fitting, is expressed in figure
Formula is：
By drawing it is found that the curve of emulation data and fitting expression is very identical.To demonstrate the reasonable of model
Property and practicability.
1 partial simulation data of table
Attached drawing 6 is the comparison diagram of data and function, and fitting effect is preferable.
Therefore, in known antenna array gain GrSize and space angle θ can calculate battle array needed for antenna array by formula (16)
The size of first spacing d.
When known array element spacing d carries out antenna arrangement, the position of antenna is symmetrical relative to Y-axis, and coordinate is respectively
(X+k, Y+k, Z+k), (X-k, Y-k, Z-k), when element number of array n is odd number, increase (X0, Y0,Z0) point
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, it is clear that those skilled in the art
Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention by member without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.If in this way, the present invention
Within the scope of the claims of the present invention and its equivalent technology, then the present invention is also intended to include these these modifications and variations
Including modification and variation.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electric power instrument manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, it is characterised in that：Including following step
Suddenly：
Requirements and limitation of the S1 according to the management of electric system Work tool to the antenna zone of action, establish antenna zone of action model,
And using antenna zone of action model end face center as origin, spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ are established, it determines extreme point and sentences
Breakpoint；
S2 obtains array gain G according to Propagation models of electromagnetic wave propagation, using judgement point and extreme pointrSize, and according to antenna array
Gain GrWith the correspondence calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n, element number of array n is obtained；
S3 is obtaining array gain GrOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to judging a little
Space angle θ determined by position with extreme point obtains antenna array array element spacing d using antenna array ellipse calculating formula；
S4, using array element coordinate calculating formula, obtains the coordinate of each array element on the basis of obtaining element number of array n and array element spacing d
Position, to establish RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array；
The antenna gain GrFor：Wherein L indicates antenna Interaction length, W tables
Show that antenna zone of action width, H indicate antenna zone of action height, PtIndicate label minimum activating sensitivity, PrIndicate antenna hair
Penetrate power, GtIndicate the gain of RFID identification system label；
The array gain GrCorrespondence calculating formula with antenna array element number of array n is：
2. electric power instrument according to claim 1 manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, feature
It is：Antenna array array element circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna, lengthWidth Wherein leFor effective antenna length, Δ l is the length in equivalent radiated power gap, and c is the light velocity in vacuum, f0For
The working frequency of antenna, εeFor effective dielectric constant, εrFor the relative dielectric constant of medium.
3. electric power instrument according to claim 2 manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, feature
It is：Increase degeneracy separation a and feed factor coefficient in the emulation of antenna array array element circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna
b。
4. electric power instrument according to claim 1 manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, feature
It is：The array element coordinate calculating formula is：
(when n is odd number)
Wherein (X+k, Y+k, Z+k), (X-k, Y-k, Z-k) it is respectively coordinate points of the array element in coordinate system XYZ, when element number of array n is
When odd number, increase (X0, Y0, Z0) point.
5. electric power instrument according to claim 1 manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, feature
It is：In the antenna array ellipse calculating formula, antenna array element number of array n, array gain Gr, antenna array array element spacing d and sky
Between angle, θ have following relationship：
Wherein k1、k2Indicate that fitting coefficient, α, β indicate correction factor.
6. electric power instrument according to claim 5 manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, feature
It is：α=the d-0.975, β=n-0.5。
7. electric power instrument according to claim 6 manages RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design method, feature
It is：The k1=0.00552, k2=725.
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| CN102110904A (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2011-06-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna and antenna arranging method |
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