CN106058489A - Method for designing power tool and appliance management RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) ceramic antenna uniform linear array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for designing a power tool and appliance management RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) ceramic antenna uniform linear array. The method comprises the steps of: S1, establishing an antenna action region model, establishing a spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ, and determining an extremal point and a judgment point; S2, obtaining a size of an antenna array gain Gr by utilizing the judgment point and the extremal point, and according to a corresponding relationship calculation formula of the antenna array gain Gr and an array element number n of the antenna array, obtaining the array element number n; S3, according to a space angel theta determined by positions of the judgment point and the extremal point, obtaining an array element distance d of the antenna array by utilizing an antenna array elliptic calculation formula; and S4, based on the array element number n and the array element distance d, establishing the RFID ceramic antenna uniform linear array. The method can well meet the requirements for obtaining the antenna array gain Gr, the array element number n of the antenna array, the array element distance d of the antenna array and a coordinate position of each array element under the conditions that a user determines an antenna action region and RFID tag parameters are known, and implements design of the RFID ceramic antenna uniform linear array.

Description

A kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of antenna, particularly relate to the design of RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array, be specifically related to a kind of electricity Power Work tool management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing.

Background technology

In power generation, safety in production and power supply reliability are particularly significant.The quality of managing security tools and instruments, will directly influence The electric power enterprise person in process of production and equipment safety.Electric power instrument wide variety, quantity is big, and Classification Management is safeguarded Vital effect is played in livewire work by equipment.Because electric power instrument is constantly used, it is in flow regime, with traditional Electric power instrument, and the mode that it is carried out regular quality examination or replacing are checked in note paper record, are often required to spend substantial amounts of people Power material resources and time.In order to electric power instrument being accomplished informationization, high efficiency safety management, can be by RFID REID Apply in the middle of electric power instrument management.RFID identifies that technical work process, without manual intervention, can recognize that multiple and transports at a high speed Dynamic label, is affected less by working environment, and this wireless recognition technique with multiple advantage has been widely used in traffic, thing The fields such as stream.Undoubtedly, RFID technique is applied to electric power instrument management and will be effectively improved the efficiency of management.Electric power instrument It is placed on transformer station, in the electric power instrument room of power supply Yun Jian department.Work of electric power system personnel give back safe multiplexer lending During tool, the mode due to hand-held managing security tools and instruments is different, and label is by the position during antenna zone of action, and direction, speed etc. is the most no With.Indefinite position and indefinite Negotiation speed will substantially increase recognition efficiency difficulty.Electric power instrument room is not of uniform size, from ten Several square meters are to tens square meters, different according to the difference of power department work requirements.Electric power instrument management is in indoor, with room Outer RFID identifies difference, and indoor require that reading and writing device antenna volume can not be too big, and to combine with current electric power instrument room, Existing Work tool room can not be carried out the biggest change.The i.e. more current existing outdoor read write line of reading and writing device antenna size is compared, Volume needs to reduce, and is more suitable for indoor environment.The sphere of action of reading and writing device antenna needs suitable, if the sphere of action of reading and writing device antenna Excessive, then electric power instrument label is because being in identified state in being constantly in antenna sphere of action, it is impossible to realize electric power The information management of Work tool turnover.Therefore preferably the identification range of rfid interrogator antenna is only being read and write in certain area Device antenna sphere of action, work in reading and writing device antenna sphere of action, while realizing effectively identifying, is not improved in other regions Utensil room area utilization.Current RFID identifies that the reading and writing device antenna of technology mostly is individual antenna or multiple antenna but timesharing feedback Electricity.The method disclosure satisfy that the reading to big region interior label information, but can not meet in the community having certain limitations region In territory.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the invention discloses a kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array design side Method.

It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna Uniform straight line array method for designing, comprises the following steps:

S1 manages the requirement to the antenna zone of action and restriction according to power system Work tool, sets up antenna zone of action mould Type, and with model end face center, the antenna zone of action as initial point, set up spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ, determine extreme point With judge a little.

S2, according to Propagation models of electromagnetic wave propagation, utilizes and judges that point and extreme point draw array gain G_rSize, and according to Array gain G_rWith the corresponding relation calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n, obtain element number of array n.

S3 is obtaining array gain G_rOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to sentencing Space angle θ determined by the position of breakpoint and extreme point, utilizes antenna array ellipsometer formula to obtain antenna array array element distance d；

S4, on the basis of obtaining element number of array n and array element distance d, utilizes array element coordinate calculating formula, obtains each array element Coordinate position, thus set up RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array.

Further, described antenna array array element circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna, length WidthWherein l_eFor effective antenna length, Δ l is the length in equivalent radiated power gap, and c is in vacuum The light velocity, f₀For the operating frequency of antenna, ε_eFor effective dielectric constant, ε_rRelative dielectric constant for medium.At antenna array array element circle The emulation of polarized ceramics micro-strip paster antenna increases degeneracy separation a and feed factor coefficient b, improves simulation efficiency and emulation Effect.

Further, described antenna gain G_rFor:Wherein L represents the antenna zone of action Length, W represents that antenna zone of action width, H represent antenna zone of action height, P_tRepresent label minimum activating sensitivity, P_rTable Show that antenna launches power, G_tRepresent the gain of RFID identification system label.

Further, described array gain G_rWith the corresponding relation calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n it is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}n=2& (3dB<G_r\&le;6dB)\\ n=3& (6dB<G_r\&le;8dB)\\ n=4& (8dB<G_r\&le;10dB)\end{array}\right.$

Further, described array element coordinate calculating formula is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{\&PlusMinus;k}=0\\ Z_{\&PlusMinus;k}=0\\ Y_{\&PlusMinus;k}=\&PlusMinus;\frac{d}{2}(n+1-2k)\end{array}\right.,(1\&le;k\&le;\frac{n}{2},k\&Element;N)$

Wherein (X_+k,Y_+k,Z_+k), (X_-k,Y_-k,Z_-k) it is respectively array element coordinate points in coordinate system XYZ, work as element number of array When n is odd number, increase (X₀,Y₀,Z₀) point.

Further, described antenna array ellipsometer formula is:

$k_1\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(cos\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;n}}^2}+k_2\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(sin\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{{\mathrm{\&beta;d}}^2}=1$

Wherein n represents that element number of array, d represent array element distance, G_rRepresent array gain, θ representation space angle, k₁、k₂Table Show that fitting coefficient, α, β represent correction factor.

Further, described α=d^-0.975, β=n^-0.5

Further, described k₁=0.00552, k₂=725.

Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the present invention has a following Advantageous Effects:

The present invention can preferably meet and determine the antenna zone of action, and the condition of known RFID tags parameter user Under, obtain array gain G_r, antenna array element number of array n, antenna array array element distance d, and the coordinate position of each array element, it is achieved The design of RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention made into The detailed description of one step, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the electric power instrument management rfid interrogator antenna zone of action model of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is antenna model of ellipse figure；

Fig. 3 is the uniform straight line array emulation two dimensional gain directional diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagramPlane；

Fig. 5 is xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagramPlane；

Fig. 6 data function comparison diagram.

Detailed description of the invention

Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail；Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment Only for the explanation present invention rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention provides a kind of electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing.This method for designing It is the gain (G being known RFID identification system label_t), minimum activating sensitivity (P_t) etc. parameter, the transmitting of reading and writing device antenna Power P_r, reading and writing device antenna mid frequency f (hyper band), under conditions of the antenna zone of action (H, L, W), obtain antenna array and increase Benefit G_rSize, according to array gain G_rAntenna array element number of array n is drawn with the corresponding relation calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n. Obtaining array gain G_rOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to judging that point is with extreme Space angle θ determined by the position of point, utilizes antenna array ellipsometer formula to obtain antenna array array element distance d.Obtaining array element On the basis of number n and array element distance d, utilize array element coordinate calculating formula, obtain the coordinate position of each array element, thus set up antenna Uniform straight line array.

Method for designing step of the present invention is as follows:

S1 manages the requirement to the antenna zone of action and restriction according to power system Work tool, sets up antenna zone of action mould Type, and with model end face center, the antenna zone of action as initial point, set up spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ, establish extreme point With judge a little.With reference to Fig. 1, as reference by location during antenna array practical layout.

In the present invention, antenna array includes multiple antenna array array element, and antenna array array element is circular polarization ceramic microband paste sky Line, because realizing the emulation of single circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna.The initial length l, w of radiation patch is calculated according to formula.

By dielectric substrate parameters, according to the original dimension of below equation calculating radiation patch:

Assume effective length l of rectangular microband paste antenna_eIt is set to

l_e=λ_g/2 (1)

λ_g: guide wavelength

${\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_g={\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_0/\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e}---\left(2\right)$

λ₀: free space wavelength, ε_e: effective dielectric constant

${\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+12*\frac{h}{w})}^{\frac{-1}{2}}---\left(3\right)$

ε_r: the relative dielectric constant of medium, h: thickness of dielectric layers, the width of w: rectangular microband paste,

Length l of rectangular microband paste:

$l=l_e-2*\mathrm{\&Delta;}l=\frac{c}{2f_0}\frac{1}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e}}-2\mathrm{\&Delta;}l---\left(4\right)$

C: the light velocity in vacuum, f₀: the operating frequency of antenna, Δ l: the length in equivalent radiated power gap

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}l=0.412h\frac{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e+0.3)(w/h+0.264)}{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e-0.258)(w/h+0.8)}---\left(5\right)$

The width w of rectangular microband paste:

$w=\frac{c}{2f_0}{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}\right)}^{-1/2}---\left(6\right)$

Length l of the rectangular microband paste that formula (1)～(6) calculate gained is approximately resonance length l_c, use and increase letter And separative element realizes circular polarisation.The simulation process of circular polarization ceramic rectangular microband paste antenna increases degeneracy separation a With feed factor coefficient b.Degeneracy separation a, i.e. Delta=a*l_c, the scope of initial values of degeneracy separation a be 0.01～ 0.02.Because single-point feedback is positioned on radiation patch diagonal like 50 Ω distributing points of square patch microstrip antenna, increase feed because of The position l of subsystem number b, i.e. distributing point₁=-b*l, l₂=b*w.The initial value of feed factor coefficient b is located between 0.11～0.15. Final with radiation patch resonance length l_c, degeneracy separation a, feed factor coefficient b is variable, adds dB (S (1,1)) and (returns Ripple is lost), dB (AxialRatio Value) (antenna axial ratio) is that object function is optimized.

S2, according to Propagation models of electromagnetic wave propagation, utilizes and judges that point and extreme point draw array gain G_rSize, and according to Array gain G_rWith the corresponding relation calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n, obtain element number of array n；Analyze theoretically and obtain Line array array element distance size will affect array gain size.

Free space Friss formula

$P_t=\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}^2}{16{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^2(L^2/4+W^2/4+H^2)}{P}_r{G}_r{G}_t---\left(7\right)$

Assume chip and Antenna Impedance Matching, then

$G_r=\frac{16{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^2(L^2/4+W^2/4+H^2)P_t}{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}^2{P}_r{G}_t}---\left(8\right)$

Antenna gain and array element pattern function:

The radiation efficiency of η: antenna,Directivity factor

Array aerial direction figure function

Element factor；Array factor

I_n: current phasor unit；Z_n: represent the locus of each unit

Therefore the gain size of antenna array is relevant with array element distance, can change antenna array by changing array element distance size Gain.

Emulate in conjunction with HFSS, array gain G_rIt is represented by with the corresponding relation calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}n=2& (3dB<G_r\&le;6dB)\\ n=3& (6dB<G_r\&le;8dB)\\ n=4& (8dB<G_r\&le;10dB)\end{array}\right.---\left(13\right)$

S3 is obtaining array gain G_rOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to sentencing Space angle θ determined by the position of breakpoint and extreme point, utilizes antenna array ellipsometer formula to obtain antenna array array element distance d.

On the Math of uniform straight line array, change antenna array element number of array n and array element distance d size, in conjunction with antenna Zone of action institute established model, sees accompanying drawing 1, is analyzed the two dimensional gain directional diagram of simulation result, sees accompanying drawing 3, obtain The different gains of different angles.

In Fig. 1, A point is for judge a little, and B point is extreme point.To judge that some A can be identified as antenna area and can cover comprehensively The standard of lid, extreme point B can not be identified as limiting the standard of the antenna zone of action.To xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagram It is analyzed.Xz, yz two dimensional gain directional diagram is respectivelyWithPlane.Plane, sees accompanying drawing 4.Want Ask its gain more than G_rAngle more than 60 °.Plane, sees accompanying drawing 5.The management of electrically-based Work tool, needs to limit Antenna read-write region is in certain limit, and label can not be by antenna identification.The present invention sets up right angle seat for initial point at antenna place Mark system XYZ, sees accompanying drawing 1, X₁=0, Y₁=2L, Z₁=H/2, i.e. B point, can not cover at B point as restrictive condition using antenna. I.e. existPlane, by the θ judging that some A determines₁=arctan (L/H), at ± θ₁In the range of, gain is more than or equal to G_r.By The θ that extreme point B determines₂The gain at=arctan (4L/H) place is less than G_r.Required read-write region is completely covered in this, as antenna Criterion.At ± θ₁In the range of, read the gain size of different angles.

On the basis of the data analysis of step S3, obtain bay number n and change, θ₁=0 ° of corresponding gain changes Become.Bay number n keeps certain, changes antenna distance d size, the Angulation changes corresponding to identical gain size.This song The variation tendency of line is similar, as shown in Figure 2 with oval variation tendency.Therefore the present invention approximate array gain size and its Corresponding angle relation is elliptic function.Antenna array element number of array and array element distance and the major axis in antenna array elliptic function and short axle Size is correlated with, its dependency relation correlation coefficient k₁,k₂Represent.Correlation coefficient k₁,k₂With step S3 the data obtained, use MATLAB programs matching.

Function expression derivation: according to emulation drawing effect, finds that figure approximation can be retouched by elliptic equation form State,

$k_1\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(cos\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{n^2}+k_2\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(sin\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{d^2}=1---\left(14\right)$

K1 with k2 is to be obtained by matching, G_rFor array gain, θ is space angle, and n represents element number of array, and d table Show antenna array array element distance.Analyzing and understand when changing antenna number n when, the n value of oval corresponding expression formula changes, and d Also can somewhat change not, it is possible to use correction factor α, β that above-mentioned (14) are modified, obtain

$k_1\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(cos\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;n}}^2}+k_2\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(sin\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{{\mathrm{\&beta;d}}^2}=1---\left(15\right)$

Increasing according to antenna number, n increases, and d somewhat increases.When in like manner changing spacing, corresponding d value increases, and n somewhat increases Greatly.By simulation analysis, correction factor may be configured as α=d^-0.975, β=n^-0.5。

Matlab fitting theory is method of least square, finds the elliptic curve of optimum.Last matching obtains k₁=0.00552, k₂ =725, obtaining following general purpose function expression formula is:

$0.00552\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{d^{-0.975}{n}^2}+725\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{n^{-0.5}{d}^2}=1---\left(16\right)$

When antenna array element number of array takes 2,3,4 respectively, and spacing is 100mm, the data of test such as table 1.Emulation data and letter Number expression formula comparison diagram such as Fig. 6, * represents emulation data, and curve represents with matching obtains the curve that function is drawn, and expresses in figure Formula is:

$0.00552\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{{100}^{-0.975}{n}^2}+725\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{n^{-0.5}{100}^2}=1---\left(17\right)$

By drawing, emulation data are the most identical with the curve of fitting expression.Thus demonstrate the reasonable of model Property and practicality.

Table 1 partial simulation data

Accompanying drawing 6 is the comparison diagram of data function, and fitting effect is preferable.

Therefore, in known antenna array gain G_rSize and space angle θ, can pass through formula (16) and calculate battle array needed for antenna array The size of unit's spacing d.

When known array element distance d carries out antenna layout, the position of antenna is symmetrical relative to Y-axis, and coordinate is respectively (X_+k, Y_+k, Z_+k), (X_-k, Y_-k, Z_-k), when element number of array n is odd number, increase (X₀, Y₀,Z₀) point

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{\&PlusMinus;k}=0\\ Z_{\&PlusMinus;k}=0\\ Y_{\&PlusMinus;k}=\&PlusMinus;\frac{d}{2}(n+1-2k)\end{array}\right.,(1\&le;k\&le;\frac{n}{2},k\&Element;N)---\left(18\right)$

The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, it is clear that those skilled in the art Member can carry out various change and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to the present invention.So, if the present invention These amendments and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these Change and including modification.

Claims (9)

1. an electric power instrument management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, it is characterised in that: include following step Rapid: S1 manages the requirement to the antenna zone of action and restriction according to power system Work tool, sets up antenna zone of action model, and With model end face center, the antenna zone of action as initial point, set up spherical coordinate and rectangular coordinate system XYZ, determine extreme point and judgement Point；S2, according to Propagation models of electromagnetic wave propagation, utilizes and judges that point and extreme point draw array gain G_rSize, and according to antenna array Gain G_rWith the corresponding relation calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n, obtain element number of array n；

S3 is obtaining array gain G_rOn the basis of antenna array element number of array n, in conjunction with the antenna zone of action, according to judging a little With the position of extreme point determined by space angle θ, utilize antenna array ellipsometer formula to obtain antenna array array element distance d；

S4, on the basis of obtaining element number of array n and array element distance d, utilizes array element coordinate calculating formula, obtains the coordinate of each array element Position, thus set up RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array.

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 1 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: antenna array array element circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna, lengthWidth Wherein l_eFor effective antenna length, Δ l is the length in equivalent radiated power gap, and c is the light velocity in vacuum, f₀For The operating frequency of antenna, ε_eFor effective dielectric constant, ε_rRelative dielectric constant for medium.

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 2 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: in antenna array array element circular polarization ceramic micro-strip paster antenna emulates, increase degeneracy separation a and feed factor coefficient b。

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 1 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: described antenna gain G_rFor:Wherein L represents antenna Interaction length, W Represent that antenna zone of action width, H represent antenna zone of action height, P_tRepresent label minimum activating sensitivity, P_rRepresent antenna Launch power, G_tRepresent the gain of RFID identification system label.

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 1 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: described array gain G_rWith the corresponding relation calculating formula of antenna array element number of array n it is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}n=2& (3dB<G_r\&le;6dB)\\ n=3& (6dB<G_r\&le;8dB)\\ n=4& (8dB<G_r\&le;10dB)\end{array}\right..$

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 1 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: described array element coordinate calculating formula is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{\&PlusMinus;k}=0\\ Z_{\&PlusMinus;k}=0\\ Y_{\&PlusMinus;k}=\&PlusMinus;\frac{d}{2}(n+1-2k)\end{array}\right.,(1\&le;k\&le;\frac{n}{2},k\&Element;N)$

Wherein (X_+k,Y_+k,Z_+k), (X_-k,Y_-k,Z_-k) it is respectively array element coordinate points in coordinate system XYZ, when element number of array n is During odd number, increase (X₀,Y₀,Z₀) point.

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 1 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: in described antenna array ellipsometer formula, antenna array element number of array n, array gain G_r, antenna array array element distance d and sky Between angle, θ there is following relation:

$k_1\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(cos\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;n}}^2}+k_2\frac{{G_r}^2{\left(sin\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{{\mathrm{\&beta;d}}^2}=1$

Wherein k₁、k₂Representing fitting coefficient, α, β represent correction factor.

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 7 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: described α=d^-0.975, β=n^-0.5。

Electric power instrument the most according to claim 8 management RFID ceramic antenna uniform straight line array method for designing, its feature It is: described k₁=0.00552, k₂=725.