CN106056246A - Energy storage capacity optimization method of cooling heating and power multi-potent flow microgrid considering operation - Google Patents

Energy storage capacity optimization method of cooling heating and power multi-potent flow microgrid considering operation Download PDF

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CN106056246A
CN106056246A CN201610371485.4A CN201610371485A CN106056246A CN 106056246 A CN106056246 A CN 106056246A CN 201610371485 A CN201610371485 A CN 201610371485A CN 106056246 A CN106056246 A CN 106056246A
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孙宏斌
郭庆来
王彬
吴帆
潘昭光
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法,属于多能流耦合系统的运行中的优化调度技术领域。本方法整体考虑了储能容量的优化和多能流微网的运行优化。一方面充分考虑了冷热电储能对多能流微网中冷热电能流调度带来的经济效益和对大电网削峰填谷的效果,另一方面也考虑到冷热电储能配置的较高成本,通过和多能流微网运行优化相协调来对冷热电不同储能容量进行优化,实现系统整体经济效益的最优化。本方法能为微网运营商经济合理的选择储能的类型和容量以及与上级电网的交换容量提供参考,从而实现多能流微网运行的最优效益。The invention relates to an energy storage capacity optimization method considering the operation of a cooling, heating, electric and multi-energy flow micro-grid, and belongs to the technical field of optimal scheduling in the operation of a multi-energy flow coupling system. This method considers the optimization of energy storage capacity and the operation optimization of multi-energy flow microgrid as a whole. On the one hand, it fully considers the economic benefits brought by cooling and heating power storage to the scheduling of cooling and heating power flows in multi-energy flow microgrids and the effect of peak shaving and valley filling on large power grids. On the other hand, it also considers the configuration of cooling and heating power storage. By coordinating with the multi-energy flow micro-grid operation optimization, different energy storage capacities of cooling, heating and power are optimized to achieve the optimization of the overall economic benefits of the system. This method can provide a reference for the microgrid operator to economically and reasonably select the type and capacity of energy storage and the exchange capacity with the upper-level grid, so as to achieve the optimal benefit of multi-energy flow microgrid operation.

Description

一种冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法An energy storage capacity optimization method considering operation of cooling, heating, power and multi-energy flow microgrids

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法,属于多能流耦合系统的运行中的优化调度技术领域。The invention relates to an energy storage capacity optimization method considering the operation of a cooling, heating, electric and multi-energy flow micro-grid, and belongs to the technical field of optimal scheduling in the operation of a multi-energy flow coupling system.

背景技术Background technique

由于环境问题和能源问题的日益突出,以发展清洁能源、保障保障能源安全、解决环保问题为核心内容的各种新能源和能源利用形式得到大力发展。而随着网络概念的不断深化,逐渐和能源的概念相互融合,产生了“以电力系统为核心”、“主要一次能源为可再生能源”、“紧密结合其他系统”的能源互联网概念。能源互联网要求更加高效、可持续的利用能源,其重要特征之一就是打破传统能源供给相互孤立的藩篱,实现多种能源形式的协同优化,而含冷热电联供(Combined Cooling Heating and Power System,CCHP)与分布式可再生能源的微电网,则是一种典型的能源互联网实现形式。Due to the increasingly prominent environmental and energy issues, various forms of new energy and energy utilization with the core content of developing clean energy, ensuring energy security, and solving environmental problems have been vigorously developed. With the continuous deepening of the network concept, it is gradually integrated with the concept of energy, resulting in the concept of energy Internet with "power system as the core", "main primary energy as renewable energy" and "closely integrated with other systems". The Energy Internet requires more efficient and sustainable use of energy. One of its important features is to break the isolation barriers of traditional energy supply and realize the collaborative optimization of various energy forms, including Combined Cooling Heating and Power System , CCHP) and distributed renewable energy microgrids are a typical form of Energy Internet implementation.

多能流微网则结合了微电网和能源互联网两种概念,拥有多种特征。一是拥有冷热电多能流联供和可再生能源;二是拥有多种多能流设备,能够实现综合的能量供给。由于多能流微网整合了可再生能源、传统的电能流、新加入的冷热能流及各种形式的冷热电负荷和设备,相比较传统微网,其内部的各种能流相互耦合和影响,一般能够取得更为优异的经济运行效益,但其运行特性更为复杂。The multi-energy flow microgrid combines the two concepts of microgrid and energy Internet, and has multiple characteristics. One is to have combined cooling, heating and power multi-energy flow and renewable energy; the other is to have a variety of multi-energy flow equipment to achieve comprehensive energy supply. Since the multi-energy flow microgrid integrates renewable energy, traditional electric energy flow, newly added cold and heat energy flow, and various forms of cold, heat and electric loads and equipment, compared with the traditional microgrid, various energy flows in it are mutually Coupling and influence can generally achieve better economic operation benefits, but its operation characteristics are more complex.

多能流微网中可能配置有的各种形式的储能设备增加了系统运行调度的多样性和灵活性,对于冷热电能流的时间调度能带来较高的经济效益。各种类型的冷热电储能的经济效益和工作特性也各不相同。多类型的储能设备一方面能够起到削峰填谷的作用,另一方面对于不确定性也有一定程度的减弱作用。此外,由于各能流的相互耦合,储能的容量的选择和优化运行过程息息相关,储能容量的优化和系统优化运行有很强的耦合特性,同时也使得微网同上级电网间的能量交换变得更为复杂。目前尚无多能流微网储能容量优化的方法,而储能的配置一般成本较高,因此需要研究多能流微网中储能容量的优化方法。The various forms of energy storage devices that may be configured in the multi-energy flow microgrid increase the diversity and flexibility of system operation scheduling, and can bring higher economic benefits to the time scheduling of cold and hot electric energy flows. The economic benefits and working characteristics of various types of cooling and heating electric energy storage are also different. On the one hand, multiple types of energy storage devices can play the role of peak-shaving and valley-filling, and on the other hand, they can also reduce uncertainty to a certain extent. In addition, due to the mutual coupling of various energy flows, the selection of energy storage capacity is closely related to the optimal operation process. The optimization of energy storage capacity and the optimal operation of the system have a strong coupling characteristic, which also makes the energy exchange between the microgrid and the upper-level grid become more complicated. At present, there is no method to optimize the energy storage capacity of the multi-energy flow microgrid, and the configuration of energy storage is generally expensive, so it is necessary to study the optimization method of the energy storage capacity in the multi-energy flow microgrid.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提出一种冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法,考虑多能流微网运行优化和与上级电网的能量交换,研究多能流微网中储能容量同运行的协同优化方法,寻找较为合适的储能容量大小。The purpose of the present invention is to propose an energy storage capacity optimization method that considers the operation of the multi-energy flow micro-grid of cold, heat and electricity, consider the operation optimization of the multi-energy flow micro-grid and the energy exchange with the upper power grid, and study the energy storage in the multi-energy flow micro-grid The collaborative optimization method of capacity and operation is used to find a more suitable energy storage capacity.

本发明提出的一种冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法,包括以下步骤:The present invention proposes a method for optimizing the energy storage capacity of a micro-grid with cold, heat, electricity and multi-energy flows, which includes the following steps:

(1)建立一个冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型,过程如下:(1) Establish an optimization model for the operation of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, the process is as follows:

(1-1)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷-热-电联供设备运行的优化模型:(1-1) Establish an optimization model for the operation of cooling-heating-power cogeneration equipment in the cold-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid:

冷-热-电联供设备模型中供电设备的模型如下:The model of the power supply equipment in the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment model is as follows:

Pl min≤Pl(i)≤Pl max P l min ≤ P l (i) ≤ P l max

-RDl≤Pl(i+1)-Pl(i)≤RUl -RD l ≤P l (i+1)-P l (i)≤RU l

其中:i为运行时段的编号,Pl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率,Pl min和Pl max分别为冷-热-电联供设备有功功率的上限和下限,RDl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率向上爬坡率,RUl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率向下爬坡率,RDl和RUl由冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书提供;Among them: i is the number of the running period, P l is the active power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, P l min and P l max are the upper limit and lower limit of the active power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, RD l is the upward ramp rate of the active power of the combined cooling-heat-electricity equipment, RU l is the downward ramp rate of the active power of the combined cooling-heat-electricity equipment, RD l and RU l are determined by the combined cooling-heat-electricity The product manual of the equipment is provided;

冷-热-电联供设备模型中供热/冷设备的模型如下:The model of the heating/cooling equipment in the cooling-heating-power cogeneration equipment model is as follows:

Hl min≤Hl(i)≤Hl max H l min ≤ H l (i) ≤ H l max

-RDhl≤Hl(i+1)-Hl(i)≤RUhl -RD hl ≤H l (i+1)-H l (i)≤RU hl

Hl(i)≥Hlh(i)/ηhex+Llc(i)/ηCOP H l (i)≥H lh (i)/η hex +L lc (i)/η COP

其中:Hl为冷-热-电联供设备的热出力,Hl min和Hl max分别为冷-热-电联供设备的热出力的上限和下限,RDhl为冷-热-电联供设备热出力的向上爬坡率,RUhl为冷-热-电联供设备热出力的向下爬坡率,RDhl和RUhl从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取,Hlh为冷-热-电联供设备的供热功率,Llc为冷-热-电联供设备的供冷功率,ηhex为冷-热-电联供设备的供热转换效率因数,ηcop为冷-热电联供设备的供冷转换效率因数,ηhex和ηcop从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取;Among them: H l is the thermal output of the cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment, H l min and H l max are the upper and lower limits of the thermal output of the cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment, RD hl is the cooling-heat-electricity The upward ramp rate of the heat output of the cogeneration equipment, RU hl is the downward ramp rate of the heat output of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, RD hl and RU hl are obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, H lh is the heating power of the cold-heat-electricity combined supply equipment, L lc is the cooling power of the cold-heat-electricity combined supply equipment, η hex is the heat supply conversion efficiency factor of the cold-heat-electricity combined supply equipment, η cop is the cooling conversion efficiency factor of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, and η hex and η cop are obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment;

冷-热-电联供设备模型中电热冷耦合关系为:The coupling relationship between electricity, heat and cold in the cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment model is:

afPl(i)+bfHl(i)=Fl(i)a f P l (i)+b f H l (i)=F l (i)

Hl(i)=c1Pl(i)+c2 H l (i) = c 1 P l (i) + c 2

其中:Fl为冷-热-电联供设备的耗气量,af和bf分别为冷-热-电联供设备的耗气效率因数,c1,c2为冷-热-电联供设备的电热出力耦合因数,af、bf、c1和c2分别从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取;Among them: F l is the air consumption of cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment, a f and b f are the air consumption efficiency factors of cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment respectively, c 1 and c 2 are cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment The electric-heat output coupling factors of the power supply equipment, a f , b f , c 1 and c 2 are respectively obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment;

(1-2)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中供热锅炉运行的优化模型如下:(1-2) Establish the optimization model for the operation of the heating boiler in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

0≤H(i)≤Hmax 0≤H(i) ≤Hmax

-RDh≤H(i+1)-H(i)≤RUh -RD h ≤H(i+1)-H(i)≤RU h

H(i)=ηF(i)H(i)=ηF(i)

其中:H为供热锅炉的热功率,Hmax为供热锅炉的热功率上限,RDh为供热锅炉的向上爬坡率,RUh为供热锅炉的向下爬坡率,F为供热锅炉的耗气量,η为供热锅炉的热效率因数,Hmax、RDh、RUh和η从供热锅炉的产品铭牌中获取;Where: H is the thermal power of the heating boiler, H max is the upper limit of the thermal power of the heating boiler, RD h is the upward ramp rate of the heating boiler, RU h is the downward ramp rate of the heating boiler, F is the Gas consumption of the heating boiler, η is the thermal efficiency factor of the heating boiler, H max , RD h , RU h and η are obtained from the product nameplate of the heating boiler;

(1-3)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中能量转换设备运行的优化模型如下:(1-3) Establish the optimization model for the operation of energy conversion equipment in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

0≤PEH(i)≤PEH max 0≤P EH (i)≤P EH max

HEH(i)=ηEHPEH(i)H EH (i) = η EH P EH (i)

0≤PEC(i)≤PEC max 0≤P EC (i)≤P EC max

LEC(i)=ηECPEC(i)L EC (i) = η EC P EC (i)

其中:PEH为能量转换设备的电热转换电功率,PEH max为能量转换设备电热转换电功率上限,HEH为能量转换设备的电热转换热输出功率,ηEH为能量转换设备的电热转换效率因数,PEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换电功率,PEC max为能量转换设备的电冷转换电功率上限,LEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换冷输出功率,ηEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换效率因数,PEH max、ηEH、PEC max和ηEC从能量转换设备的产品说明书获取;Where: P EH is the electrothermal conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, P EH max is the upper limit of the electrothermal conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, H EH is the electrothermal conversion heat output power of the energy conversion equipment, η EH is the electrothermal conversion efficiency factor of the energy conversion equipment, P EC is the electrical cooling conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, P EC max is the electrical cooling conversion electric power upper limit of the energy conversion equipment, L EC is the electrical cooling conversion cold output power of the energy conversion equipment, η EC is the electrical cooling conversion of the energy conversion equipment The efficiency factors, P EH max , η EH , P EC max and η EC are obtained from the product specification of the energy conversion equipment;

(1-4)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中多能流储能设备运行的优化模型如下:(1-4) Establish the optimization model for the operation of multi-energy flow energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

电储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for the operation of electric energy storage equipment is as follows:

0≤Pdis,char(i)≤PE max 0≤P dis, char (i)≤P E max

SoC(i)=SoC(i-1)+ηcPchar(i)-Pdis(i)/ηd SoC(i)=SoC(i-1)+η c P char (i)-P dis (i)/η d

SoCmin≤SoC(i)≤SoCmax SoC min ≤ SoC(i) ≤ SoC max

Pdis(i)·Pchar(i)=0P dis (i) · P char (i) = 0

其中:Pdis和Pchar分别为电储能设备的充电功率和放电功率,PE max为电储能设备的最大充电功率和最大放电功率,SoC为电储能设备的电储能当前容量,SoCmin为电储能设备的电储能最小容量,SoCmax为电储能设备的电储能最大容量,ηc和ηd分别为电储能设备的充电效率因数和放电效率因数,其中,PE max、SoCmin、SoCmax、ηc和ηd从电储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: P dis and P char are the charging power and discharging power of the electric energy storage device respectively, P E max is the maximum charging power and the maximum discharging power of the electric energy storage device, SoC is the electric energy storage current capacity of the electric energy storage device, SoC min is the minimum electric energy storage capacity of the electric energy storage device, SoC max is the maximum electric energy storage capacity of the electric energy storage device, η c and η d are the charging efficiency factor and discharge efficiency factor of the electric energy storage device, respectively, where, P E max , SoC min , SoC max , η c and η d are obtained from the product specification of the electric energy storage device;

热储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for thermal energy storage equipment operation is as follows:

0≤HTI,TO(i)≤HTI,TO,max 0≤H TI,TO (i)≤H TI,TO,max

HET(i)=ηHHET(i-1)+ηHIHTI(i)-HTO(i)/ηHO HE T (i)=η H HE T (i-1)+η HI H TI (i)-H TO (i)/η HO

HET,min≤HET(i)≤HET,max HE T,min ≤HE T (i)≤HE T,max

HTO(i)·HTI(i)=0H TO (i) · H TI (i) = 0

其中:HTI和HTO分别为热储能设备的储热功率和放热功率,HTI,TO,max为热储能设备的最大储热功率和最大放热功率,HET为热储能设备的热储能当前容量,HET,min为热储能设备的热储能最小容量,HET,max为热储能设备的热储能最大容量,ηHI和ηHO分别为热储能设备的储热效率因数和放热效率因数,ηH为热储能设备的热能耗散因数,其中,HTI,TO,max、HET,min、HET,max、ηHI、ηHO和ηH从热储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: H TI and H TO are the heat storage power and heat release power of the thermal energy storage device respectively, H TI,TO,max are the maximum heat storage power and maximum heat release power of the thermal energy storage device, HE T is the heat storage power The current thermal energy storage capacity of the equipment, HE T,min is the minimum thermal energy storage capacity of the thermal energy storage device, HE T,max is the maximum thermal energy storage capacity of the thermal energy storage device, η HI and η HO are the thermal energy storage The heat storage efficiency factor and heat release efficiency factor of the equipment, η H is the thermal energy dissipation factor of the thermal energy storage equipment, where H TI,TO,max , HE T,min , HE T,max , η HI , η HO and η H Obtained from the product manual of the thermal energy storage device;

冷储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for the operation of cold energy storage equipment is as follows:

0≤LTI,TO(i)≤LTI,TO,max 0≤L TI,TO (i)≤L TI,TO,max

LET(i)=ηCLET(i-1)+ηCILTI(i)-LTO(i)/ηCO LE T (i)=η C LE T (i-1)+η CI L TI (i)-L TO (i)/η CO

LET,min≤LET(i)≤LET,max LE T,min ≤LE T (i)≤LE T,max

LTO(i)·LTI(i)=0L TO (i) · L TI (i) = 0

其中:LTI和LTO分别为冷储能设备的储冷功率和放冷功率,LTI,TO,max为冷储能设备的最大储冷功率和最大放冷功率,LET为冷储能设备的冷储能当前容量,LET,min为冷储能设备的冷储能最小容量,LET,max为冷储能设备的冷储能最大容量,ηCI和ηCO分别为冷储能设备的储冷效率因数和放冷效率因数,ηC为冷储能设备的冷能耗散因数,其中,LTI,TO,max、LET,min、LET,max、ηCI、ηCO和ηC从冷储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: L TI and L TO are the cold storage power and cooling power of the cold energy storage equipment respectively, L TI,TO,max are the maximum cold storage power and maximum cooling power of the cold energy storage equipment, LE T is the cold energy storage The current cold storage capacity of the equipment, LE T,min is the minimum cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, LE T,max is the maximum cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, η CI and η CO are the cold storage capacity The cold storage efficiency factor and cooling efficiency factor of the equipment, η C is the cooling energy dissipation factor of the cold energy storage equipment, where L TI,TO,max , LE T,min , LE T,max , η CI , η CO and ηC are obtained from the product specification of the cold energy storage device;

(1-5)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网的能量交换模型如下:(1-5) Establish the energy exchange model between the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid as follows:

0≤Pbuy(i)≤Pgrid max 0≤P buy (i)≤P grid max

0≤Psell(i)≤Pgrid max 0≤P sell (i)≤P grid max

Pbuy(i)·Psell(i)=0P buy (i) · P sell (i) = 0

其中:Pbuy为冷-热-电多能流微电网从上级电网的购电功率,Psell为冷-热-电多能流微电网向上级电网的售电功率,Pgrid max为冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网之间的能量交换最大功率;Among them: P buy is the power purchased by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid from the upper-level grid, P sell is the power sold by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid to the upper-level grid, and P grid max is the cooling-heat- The maximum power of energy exchange between the electric multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper grid;

(1-6)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中能量的平衡模型如下:(1-6) Establish the energy balance model in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

电能平衡模型为:The power balance model is:

ΣΣ jj == 11 mm PP jj ++ PP ll ++ PP bb uu ythe y ++ PP dd ii sthe s == EE. ll oo aa dd ++ PP sthe s ee ll ll ++ PP cc hh aa rr ++ PP EE. Hh ++ PP EE. CC

其中:Pj为冷-热-电多能流微电网中可再生能源的有功功率,m为冷-热-电多能流微电网中可再生能源机组的数量,Eload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总电能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: P j is the active power of renewable energy in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, m is the number of renewable energy units in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and E load is the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid. The total electric energy load of the multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above;

热能平衡模型为:The heat balance model is:

Hlh+H+HEH+HTO≥Hload+HTI H lh +H+H EH +H TO ≥H load +H TI

其中:Hload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总热能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: H load is the total heat load of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above;

冷能平衡模型为:The cold energy balance model is:

Llc+LEC+LTO≥Lload+LTI L lc +L EC +L TO ≥L load +L TI

其中:Lload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总冷能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: L load is the total cooling energy load of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above;

(1-7)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化目标函数如下:(1-7) Establish the optimization objective function for the operation of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

基于微网运营商的运行经济性和安全性,多能流微网的优化目标可以描述为多能流微网整体的运行成本最小化,即运营利益的最大化。优化目标可以描述如下:Based on the operating economy and security of the microgrid operator, the optimization goal of the multi-energy flow microgrid can be described as minimizing the overall operating cost of the multi-energy flow microgrid, that is, maximizing the operating benefits. The optimization objective can be described as follows:

minmin ΣΣ ii CC PP bb uu ythe y ·&Center Dot; PP bb uu ythe y -- CC PP sthe s ee ll ll ·&Center Dot; PP sthe s ee ll ll ++ CC gg aa sthe s ·&Center Dot; Ff ll ++ CC gg aa sthe s ·&Center Dot; Ff ++ CC EE. cc (( PP cc hh aa rr )) ++ CC EE. dd (( PP dd ii sthe s )) ++ CC Hh cc (( Hh TT II )) ++ CC Hh dd (( Hh TT Oo )) ++ CC LL cc (( LL TT II )) ++ CC LL dd (( LL TT Oo )) -- CC aa ll ll ·&Center Dot; PP ll ++ CC tt rr aa sthe s PP gg rr ii dd maxmax

其中:CPbuy为冷-热-电多能流微电网从上级电网购电的电价,CPsell为冷-热-电多能流微电网向上级电网售电的电价,Cgas为天然气价格,CEc和CEd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中电储能设备的充电费用和放电费用,CHc和CHd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中热储能设备的储热费用和放热费用,CLc和CLd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷储能设备的储冷费用和放冷费用,Call为冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷热电联供设备的运行补贴,Ctrans为冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网能量交换的容量费用;Among them: C Pbuy is the electricity price purchased by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid from the upper-level grid, C Psell is the electricity price for the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid to sell electricity to the upper-level grid, and C gas is the price of natural gas. C Ec and C Ed are the charging and discharging costs of electric energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively, and CHc and CHd are the thermal energy storage in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively. The heat storage cost and heat release cost of the equipment, C Lc and C Ld are the cold storage cost and cooling cost of the cold energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively, C all is the cold-heat-electricity multi- The operation subsidy for the cooling, heating and power cogeneration equipment in the energy flow microgrid, C trans is the capacity fee for the energy exchange between the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid;

(2)建立一个考虑冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的储能容量优化模型如下:(2) Establish an energy storage capacity optimization model considering the operation of cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

min(Seec·EEC+Shec·HEC+Slec·LEC+min(C0 Tx0+Strans·Ptrans))min(S eec EEC+S hec HEC+S lec LEC+min(C 0 T x 0 +S trans P trans ))

其中:内部最小化模型min(C0 Tx0+Strans·Ptrans)为上述步骤(1)的冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化目标函数,其中的x0表示除了冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网交换容量以外的其他优化变量,包括:冷热电联供耗气量、冷热电联供发电量、冷热电联供产热量、多能流微电网从上级电网购电量、向上级电网售电量、供热锅炉耗气量、电储能充放功率、热储能充放功率、冷储能充放功率等,EEC、HEC和LEC分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网的电储能、热储能和冷储能的容量优化变量,Seec,Shec,Slec分别表示冷-热-电多能流微电网的电储能、热储能、冷储能单位容量的成本(可以以天为单位计算);Among them: the internal minimization model min(C 0 T x 0 +S trans P trans ) is the optimization objective function of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid operation in the above step (1), where x 0 represents -Other optimization variables other than the exchange capacity between the heat-electricity multi-energy flow micro-grid and the upper-level power grid, including: air consumption of combined cooling, heating and power, power generation of combined cooling, heating and power, heat production of combined cooling, heating and power, multi-energy flow micro The grid purchases electricity from the upper-level grid, sells electricity to the upper-level grid, the gas consumption of the heating boiler, the charging and discharging power of electric energy storage, the charging and discharging power of thermal energy storage, the charging and discharging power of cold energy storage, etc. EEC, HEC and LEC are cold- The capacity optimization variables of electric energy storage, thermal energy storage and cold energy storage of heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid, S eec , S hec , S lec represent the electric energy storage, The cost per unit capacity of hot energy storage and cold energy storage (can be calculated in days);

(3)求解上述步骤(2)的储能容量优化模型,求解过程中将储能容量优化模型分解为两个阶段:(3) Solve the energy storage capacity optimization model in the above step (2), and decompose the energy storage capacity optimization model into two stages during the solution process:

第一阶段,将EEC、HEC和LEC分别设为定值,而与上级电网的交换容量Ptrans为优化变量,第一阶段储能容量优化模型的表达式为:In the first stage, EEC, HEC, and LEC are set as fixed values respectively, and the exchange capacity P trans with the upper-level power grid is an optimization variable. The expression of the energy storage capacity optimization model in the first stage is:

mm ii nno xx 00 ,, PP tt rr aa nno sthe s (( CC 00 TT xx 00 ++ SS tt rr aa nno sthe s ·&Center Dot; PP rr aa nno sthe s ))

求解第二阶段时,交换容量Ptrans为设定值,储能容量为优化变量,两个最小化模型可以合并一个,第二阶段储能容量优化模型的表达式:When solving the second stage, the exchange capacity P trans is the set value, and the energy storage capacity is the optimization variable. The two minimization models can be combined into one. The expression of the energy storage capacity optimization model in the second stage is:

mm ii nno xx 00 ,, EE. EE. CC ,, Hh EE. CC ,, LL EE. CC (( SS ee ee cc ·&Center Dot; EE. EE. CC ++ SS hh ee cc ·&Center Dot; Hh EE. CC ++ SS ll ee cc ·&Center Dot; LL EE. CC ++ CC 00 TT xx 00 ++ SS tt rr aa nno sthe s ·&Center Dot; PP tt rr aa nno sthe s ))

(4)采用迭代方法,对上述步骤(3)中分解为两个阶段的储能容量优化模型进行求解,过程如下:(4) Using an iterative method to solve the energy storage capacity optimization model decomposed into two stages in the above step (3), the process is as follows:

(4-1)设定冷-热-电多能流微电网的冷热电储能容量初始值为S0(4-1) Set the initial value of the cold, heat, and electricity energy storage capacity of the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid as S 0 ;

(4-2)将上述冷热电储能容量代入上述第一阶段储能容量优化模型,由于不确定性等因素的加入可能使模型非线性,可以采用分区定界等方法求解微网优化运行情况。计算得到第一阶段优化结果,从第一阶段优化结果中获取冷热电多能流微电网与上级电网的交换容量,将该交换容量记为Pmax(4-2) Substituting the above-mentioned energy storage capacity of cooling, heating and electricity into the energy storage capacity optimization model of the first stage above, since the addition of uncertainties and other factors may make the model non-linear, methods such as partitioning and delimitation can be used to solve the optimization operation of the microgrid Condition. Calculate the optimization results of the first stage, and obtain the exchange capacity between the cooling, heating, power and multi-energy flow micro-grid and the upper-level power grid from the optimization results of the first stage, and record the exchange capacity as P max ;

(4-3)将上述步骤(4-1)的冷热电储能容量及步骤(4-2)的交换容量Pmax,代入上述步骤(1)的冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型,计算得到冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型和储能成本整体效益,并折算到天,将运行和储能成本整体效益记为QA(4-3) Substituting the cooling, heating and electric energy storage capacity of the above step (4-1) and the exchange capacity P max of the step (4-2) into the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid of the above step (1) The optimization model of the operation is calculated to obtain the optimization model of the operation of the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the overall benefit of the energy storage cost, and convert it to the day, and record the overall benefit of the operation and energy storage cost as Q A ;

(4-4)将上述步骤(4-2)的交换容量Pmax代入上述第二阶段储能容量优化模型,同样采用分区定界等方法对微网全年运行效益和储能容量进行最优化,计算得到第二阶段优化结果,折算到天,将运行和储能成本整体效益记为QB,从第二阶段优化结果中获取冷-热-电多能流微的储能容量,将储能容量记为S;(4-4) Substitute the exchange capacity P max of the above step (4-2) into the energy storage capacity optimization model of the second stage above, and also use partition demarcation and other methods to optimize the microgrid's annual operating efficiency and energy storage capacity , calculate the optimization result of the second stage, convert it to the day, record the overall benefit of operation and energy storage cost as Q B , obtain the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow energy storage capacity from the second-stage optimization result, and store The energy capacity is denoted as S;

(4-5)将上述步骤(4-3)的运行和储能成本整体效益QA与上述步骤(4-4)的运行和储能成本整体效益QB进行比较,若|QA-QB|≤δ,δ的取值范围为10-5-10-7,则迭代结束,并将本次迭代的储能容量S和交换容量Pmax作为冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的最优储能容量和冷-热-电多能流微网与上级电网的交换容量,本次迭代中的多能流微网运行和储能成本整体效益QA或QB作为冷-热-电多能流微网日运行的最优效益;若|QA-QB|>δ,则将本次迭代得到的储能容量S替换原有值,返回步骤(4-2)。(4-5) Compare the overall benefit Q A of the operation and energy storage cost of the above step (4-3) with the overall benefit Q B of the operation and energy storage cost of the above step (4-4), if |Q A -Q B |≤δ, the value range of δ is 10 -5 -10 -7 , then the iteration ends, and the energy storage capacity S and exchange capacity P max of this iteration are operated as a cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid The optimal energy storage capacity and the exchange capacity of the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid, the multi-energy flow microgrid operation and energy storage cost overall benefit Q A or Q B in this iteration is used as cooling-heating - The optimal benefit of the daily operation of the electric multi-energy flow microgrid; if |Q A -Q B |>δ, replace the original value with the energy storage capacity S obtained in this iteration, and return to step (4-2).

本发明提出的冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法,其特点和效果是:整体考虑了储能容量的优化和多能流微网的运行优化。一方面充分考虑了冷热电储能对多能流微网中冷热电能流调度带来的经济效益和对大电网削峰填谷的效果,另一方面也考虑到冷热电储能配置的较高成本,通过和多能流微网运行优化相协调来对冷热电不同储能容量进行优化,实现系统整体经济效益的最优化。本方法能为微网运营商经济合理的选择储能的类型和容量以及与上级电网的交换容量提供参考,从而实现多能流微网运行的最优效益。The energy storage capacity optimization method of the cooling, heating, power, multi-energy flow micro-grid considered in operation in the present invention has the characteristics and effects that the optimization of the energy storage capacity and the operation optimization of the multi-energy flow micro-grid are considered as a whole. On the one hand, it fully considers the economic benefits brought by cooling, heating and electric energy storage to the scheduling of cooling and heating electric energy flow in the multi-energy flow micro-grid and the effect of peak-shaving and valley-filling on the large power grid. By coordinating with the multi-energy flow micro-grid operation optimization, the different energy storage capacities of cooling, heating and power are optimized to achieve the optimization of the overall economic benefits of the system. This method can provide a reference for the microgrid operator to economically and reasonably select the type and capacity of energy storage and the exchange capacity with the upper-level grid, so as to achieve the optimal benefit of multi-energy flow microgrid operation.

具体实施方式detailed description

本发明提出的冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法,包括以下步骤:The method for optimizing the energy storage capacity of the cooling, heating, power and multi-energy flow microgrid proposed by the present invention includes the following steps:

(1)建立一个冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型,过程如下:(1) Establish an optimization model for the operation of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, the process is as follows:

(1-1)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷-热-电联供设备运行的优化模型:(1-1) Establish an optimization model for the operation of cooling-heating-power cogeneration equipment in the cold-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid:

冷-热-电联供设备模型中供电设备的模型如下:The model of the power supply equipment in the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment model is as follows:

Pl min≤Pl(i)≤Pl max P l min ≤ P l (i) ≤ P l max

-RDl≤Pl(i+1)-Pl(i)≤RUl -RD l ≤P l (i+1)-P l (i)≤RU l

其中:i为运行时段的编号,Pl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率,Pl min和Pl max分别为冷-热-电联供设备有功功率的上限和下限,RDl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率向上爬坡率,RUl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率向下爬坡率,RDl和RUl由冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书提供;Among them: i is the number of the running period, P l is the active power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, P l min and P l max are the upper limit and lower limit of the active power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, RD l is the upward ramp rate of the active power of the combined cooling-heat-electricity equipment, RU l is the downward ramp rate of the active power of the combined cooling-heat-electricity equipment, RD l and RU l are determined by the combined cooling-heat-electricity The product manual of the equipment is provided;

冷-热-电联供设备模型中供热/冷设备的模型如下:The model of the heating/cooling equipment in the cooling-heating-power cogeneration equipment model is as follows:

Hl min≤Hl(i)≤Hl max H l min ≤ H l (i) ≤ H l max

-RDhl≤Hl(i+1)-Hl(i)≤RUhl -RD hl ≤H l (i+1)-H l (i)≤RU hl

Hl(i)≥Hlh(i)/ηhex+Llc(i)/ηCOP H l (i)≥H lh (i)/η hex +L lc (i)/η COP

其中:Hl为冷-热-电联供设备的热出力,Hl min和Hl max分别为冷-热-电联供设备的热出力的上限和下限,RDhl为冷-热-电联供设备热出力的向上爬坡率,RUhl为冷-热-电联供设备热出力的向下爬坡率,RDhl和RUhl从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取,Hlh为冷-热-电联供设备的供热功率,Llc为冷-热-电联供设备的供冷功率,ηhex为冷-热-电联供设备的供热转换效率因数,ηcop为冷-热电联供设备的供冷转换效率因数,ηhex和ηcop从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取;Among them: H l is the thermal output of the cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment, H l min and H l max are the upper and lower limits of the thermal output of the cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment, RD hl is the cooling-heat-electricity The upward ramp rate of the heat output of the cogeneration equipment, RU hl is the downward ramp rate of the heat output of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, RD hl and RU hl are obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, H lh is the heating power of the cold-heat-electricity combined supply equipment, L lc is the cooling power of the cold-heat-electricity combined supply equipment, η hex is the heat supply conversion efficiency factor of the cold-heat-electricity combined supply equipment, η cop is the cooling conversion efficiency factor of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, and η hex and η cop are obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment;

冷-热-电联供设备模型中电热冷耦合关系为:The coupling relationship between electricity, heat and cold in the cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment model is:

afPl(i)+bfHl(i)=Fl(i)a f P l (i)+b f H l (i)=F l (i)

Hl(i)=c1Pl(i)+c2 H l (i) = c 1 P l (i) + c 2

其中:Fl为冷-热-电联供设备的耗气量,af和bf分别为冷-热-电联供设备的耗气效率因数,c1,c2为冷-热-电联供设备的电热出力耦合因数,af、bf、c1和c2分别从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取;Among them: F l is the air consumption of cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment, a f and b f are the air consumption efficiency factors of cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment respectively, c 1 and c 2 are cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment The electric-heat output coupling factors of the power supply equipment, a f , b f , c 1 and c 2 are respectively obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment;

(1-2)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中供热锅炉运行的优化模型如下:(1-2) Establish the optimization model for the operation of the heating boiler in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

0≤H(i)≤Hmax 0≤H(i) ≤Hmax

-RDh≤H(i+1)-H(i)≤RUh -RD h ≤H(i+1)-H(i)≤RU h

H(i)=ηF(i)H(i)=ηF(i)

其中:H为供热锅炉的热功率,Hmax为供热锅炉的热功率上限,RDh为供热锅炉的向上爬坡率,RUh为供热锅炉的向下爬坡率,F为供热锅炉的耗气量,η为供热锅炉的热效率因数,Hmax、RDh、RUh和η从供热锅炉的产品铭牌中获取;Where: H is the thermal power of the heating boiler, H max is the upper limit of the thermal power of the heating boiler, RD h is the upward ramp rate of the heating boiler, RU h is the downward ramp rate of the heating boiler, F is the Gas consumption of the heating boiler, η is the thermal efficiency factor of the heating boiler, H max , RD h , RU h and η are obtained from the product nameplate of the heating boiler;

(1-3)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中能量转换设备运行的优化模型如下:(1-3) Establish the optimization model for the operation of energy conversion equipment in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

0≤PEH(i)≤PEH max 0≤P EH (i)≤P EH max

HEH(i)=ηEHPEH(i)H EH (i) = η EH P EH (i)

0≤PEC(i)≤PEC max 0≤P EC (i)≤P EC max

LEC(i)=ηECPEC(i)L EC (i) = η EC P EC (i)

其中:PEH为能量转换设备的电热转换电功率,PEH max为能量转换设备电热转换电功率上限,HEH为能量转换设备的电热转换热输出功率,ηEH为能量转换设备的电热转换效率因数,PEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换电功率,PEC max为能量转换设备的电冷转换电功率上限,LEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换冷输出功率,ηEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换效率因数,PEH max、ηEH、PEC max和ηEC从能量转换设备的产品说明书获取;Where: P EH is the electrothermal conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, P EH max is the upper limit of the electrothermal conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, H EH is the electrothermal conversion heat output power of the energy conversion equipment, η EH is the electrothermal conversion efficiency factor of the energy conversion equipment, P EC is the electrical cooling conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, P EC max is the electrical cooling conversion electric power upper limit of the energy conversion equipment, L EC is the electrical cooling conversion cold output power of the energy conversion equipment, η EC is the electrical cooling conversion of the energy conversion equipment The efficiency factors, P EH max , η EH , P EC max and η EC are obtained from the product specification of the energy conversion equipment;

(1-4)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中多能流储能设备运行的优化模型如下:(1-4) Establish the optimization model for the operation of multi-energy flow energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

电储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for the operation of electric energy storage equipment is as follows:

0≤Pdis,char(i)≤PEmax 0≤P dis, char (i)≤P Emax

SoC(i)=SoC(i-1)+ηcPchar(i)-Pdis(i)/ηd SoC(i)=SoC(i-1)+η c P char (i)-P dis (i)/η d

SoCmin≤SoC(i)≤SoCmax SoC min ≤ SoC(i) ≤ SoC max

Pdis(i)·Pchar(i)=0P dis (i) · P char (i) = 0

其中:Pdis和Pchar分别为电储能设备的充电功率和放电功率,PE max为电储能设备的最大充电功率和最大放电功率,SoC为电储能设备的电储能当前容量,SoCmin为电储能设备的电储能最小容量,SoCmax为电储能设备的电储能最大容量,ηc和ηd分别为电储能设备的充电效率因数和放电效率因数,其中,PE max、SoCmin、SoCmax、ηc和ηd从电储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: P dis and P char are the charging power and discharging power of the electric energy storage device respectively, P E max is the maximum charging power and the maximum discharging power of the electric energy storage device, SoC is the electric energy storage current capacity of the electric energy storage device, SoC min is the minimum electric energy storage capacity of the electric energy storage device, SoC max is the maximum electric energy storage capacity of the electric energy storage device, η c and η d are the charging efficiency factor and discharge efficiency factor of the electric energy storage device, respectively, where, P E max , SoC min , SoC max , η c and η d are obtained from the product specification of the electric energy storage device;

热储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for thermal energy storage equipment operation is as follows:

0≤HTI,TO(i)≤HTI,TO,max 0≤H TI,TO (i)≤H TI,TO,max

HET(i)=ηHHET(i-1)+ηHIHTI(i)-HTO(i)/ηHO HE T (i)=η H HE T (i-1)+η HI H TI (i)-H TO (i)/η HO

HET,min≤HET(i)≤HET,max HE T,min ≤HE T (i)≤HE T,max

HTO(i)·HTI(i)=0H TO (i) · H TI (i) = 0

其中:HTI和HTO分别为热储能设备的储热功率和放热功率,HTI,TO,max为热储能设备的最大储热功率和最大放热功率,HET为热储能设备的热储能当前容量,HET,min为热储能设备的热储能最小容量,HET,max为热储能设备的热储能最大容量,ηHI和ηHO分别为热储能设备的储热效率因数和放热效率因数,ηH为热储能设备的热能耗散因数,其中,HTI,TO,max、HET,min、HET,max、ηHI、ηHO和ηH从热储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: H TI and H TO are the heat storage power and heat release power of the thermal energy storage device respectively, H TI,TO,max are the maximum heat storage power and maximum heat release power of the thermal energy storage device, HE T is the heat storage power The current thermal energy storage capacity of the equipment, HE T,min is the minimum thermal energy storage capacity of the thermal energy storage device, HE T,max is the maximum thermal energy storage capacity of the thermal energy storage device, η HI and η HO are the thermal energy storage The heat storage efficiency factor and heat release efficiency factor of the equipment, η H is the thermal energy dissipation factor of the thermal energy storage equipment, where H TI,TO,max , HE T,min , HE T,max , η HI , η HO and η H Obtained from the product manual of the thermal energy storage device;

冷储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for the operation of cold energy storage equipment is as follows:

0≤LTI,TO(i)≤LTI,TO,max 0≤L TI,TO (i)≤L TI,TO,max

LET(i)=ηCLET(i-1)+ηCILTI(i)-LTO(i)/ηCO LE T (i)=η C LE T (i-1)+η CI L TI (i)-L TO (i)/η CO

LET,min≤LET(i)≤LET,max LE T,min ≤LE T (i)≤LE T,max

LTO(i)·LTI(i)=0L TO (i) · L TI (i) = 0

其中:LTI和LTO分别为冷储能设备的储冷功率和放冷功率,LTI,TO,max为冷储能设备的最大储冷功率和最大放冷功率,LET为冷储能设备的冷储能当前容量,LET,min为冷储能设备的冷储能最小容量,LET,max为冷储能设备的冷储能最大容量,ηCI和ηCO分别为冷储能设备的储冷效率因数和放冷效率因数,ηC为冷储能设备的冷能耗散因数,其中,LTI,TO,max、LET,min、LET,max、ηCI、ηCO和ηC从冷储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: L TI and L TO are the cold storage power and cooling power of the cold energy storage equipment respectively, L TI,TO,max are the maximum cold storage power and maximum cooling power of the cold energy storage equipment, LE T is the cold energy storage The current cold storage capacity of the equipment, LE T,min is the minimum cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, LE T,max is the maximum cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, η CI and η CO are the cold storage capacity The cold storage efficiency factor and cooling efficiency factor of the equipment, η C is the cooling energy dissipation factor of the cold energy storage equipment, where L TI,TO,max , LE T,min , LE T,max , η CI , η CO and ηC are obtained from the product specification of the cold energy storage device;

(1-5)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网的能量交换模型如下:(1-5) Establish the energy exchange model between the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid as follows:

0≤Pbuy(i)≤Pgrid max 0≤P buy (i)≤P grid max

0≤Psell(i)≤Pgrid max 0≤P sell (i)≤P grid max

Pbuy(i)·Psell(i)=0P buy (i) · P sell (i) = 0

其中:Pbuy为冷-热-电多能流微电网从上级电网的购电功率,Psell为冷-热-电多能流微电网向上级电网的售电功率,Pgrid max为冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网之间的能量交换最大功率;Among them: P buy is the power purchased by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid from the upper-level grid, P sell is the power sold by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid to the upper-level grid, and P grid max is the cooling-heat- The maximum power of energy exchange between the electric multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper grid;

(1-6)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中能量的平衡模型如下:(1-6) Establish the energy balance model in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

电能平衡模型为:The power balance model is:

ΣΣ jj == 11 mm PP jj ++ PP ll ++ PP bb uu ythe y ++ PP dd ii sthe s == EE. ll oo aa dd ++ PP sthe s ee ll ll ++ PP cc hh aa rr ++ PP EE. Hh ++ PP EE. CC

其中:Pj为冷-热-电多能流微电网中可再生能源的有功功率,m为冷-热-电多能流微电网中可再生能源机组的数量,Eload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总电能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: P j is the active power of renewable energy in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, m is the number of renewable energy units in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and E load is the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid. The total electric energy load of the multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above;

热能平衡模型为:The heat balance model is:

Hlh+H+HEH+HTO≥Hload+HTI H lh +H+H EH +H TO ≥H load +H TI

其中:Hload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总热能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: H load is the total heat load of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above;

冷能平衡模型为:The cold energy balance model is:

Llc+LEC+LTO≥Lload+LTI L lc +L EC +L TO ≥L load +L TI

其中:Lload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总冷能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: L load is the total cooling energy load of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above;

(1-7)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化目标函数如下:(1-7) Establish the optimization objective function for the operation of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

基于微网运营商的运行经济性和安全性,多能流微网的优化目标可以描述为多能流微网整体的运行成本最小化,即运营利益的最大化。优化目标可以描述如下:Based on the operating economy and security of the microgrid operator, the optimization goal of the multi-energy flow microgrid can be described as minimizing the overall operating cost of the multi-energy flow microgrid, that is, maximizing the operating benefits. The optimization objective can be described as follows:

minmin ΣΣ ii CC PP bb uu ythe y ·&Center Dot; PP bb uu ythe y -- CC PP sthe s ee ll ll ·&Center Dot; PP sthe s ee ll ll ++ CC gg aa sthe s ·&Center Dot; Ff ll ++ CC gg aa sthe s ·&Center Dot; Ff ++ CC EE. cc (( PP cc hh aa rr )) ++ CC EE. dd (( PP dd ii sthe s )) ++ CC Hh cc (( Hh TT II )) ++ CC Hh dd (( Hh TT Oo )) ++ CC LL cc (( LL TT II )) ++ CC LL dd (( LL TT Oo )) -- CC aa ll ll ·· PP ll ++ CC tt rr aa sthe s PP gg rr ii dd maxmax

其中:CPbuy为冷-热-电多能流微电网从上级电网购电的电价,CPsell为冷-热-电多能流微电网向上级电网售电的电价,Cgas为天然气价格,CEc和CEd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中电储能设备的充电费用和放电费用,CHc和CHd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中热储能设备的储热费用和放热费用,CLc和CLd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷储能设备的储冷费用和放冷费用,Call为冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷热电联供设备的运行补贴,Ctrans为冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网能量交换的容量费用;Among them: C Pbuy is the electricity price purchased by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid from the upper-level grid, C Psell is the electricity price for the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid to sell electricity to the upper-level grid, and C gas is the price of natural gas. C Ec and C Ed are the charging and discharging costs of electric energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively, and CHc and CHd are the thermal energy storage in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively. The heat storage cost and heat release cost of the equipment, C Lc and C Ld are the cold storage cost and cooling cost of the cold energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively, C all is the cold-heat-electricity multi- The operation subsidy for the cooling, heating and power cogeneration equipment in the energy flow microgrid, C trans is the capacity fee for the energy exchange between the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid;

(2)建立一个考虑冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的储能容量优化模型如下:(2) Establish an energy storage capacity optimization model considering the operation of cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows:

min(Seec·EEC+Shec·HEC+Slec·LEC+min(C0 Tx0+Strans·Ptrans))min(S eec EEC+S hec HEC+S lec LEC+min(C 0 T x 0 +S trans P trans ))

其中:内部最小化模型min(C0 Tx0+Strans·Ptrans)为上述步骤(1)的冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化目标函数,其中的x0表示除了冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网交换容量以外的其他优化变量,包括:冷热电联供耗气量、冷热电联供发电量、冷热电联供产热量、多能流微电网从上级电网购电量、向上级电网售电量、供热锅炉耗气量、电储能充放功率、热储能充放功率、冷储能充放功率等,EEC、HEC和LEC分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网的电储能、热储能和冷储能的容量优化变量,Seec,Shec,Slec分别表示冷-热-电多能流微电网的电储能、热储能、冷储能单位容量的成本(可以以天为单位计算);Among them: the internal minimization model min(C 0 T x 0 +S trans P trans ) is the optimization objective function of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid operation in the above step (1), where x 0 represents -Other optimization variables other than the exchange capacity between the heat-electricity multi-energy flow micro-grid and the upper-level power grid, including: air consumption of combined cooling, heating and power, power generation of combined cooling, heating and power, heat production of combined cooling, heating and power, multi-energy flow micro The grid purchases electricity from the upper-level grid, sells electricity to the upper-level grid, the gas consumption of the heating boiler, the charging and discharging power of electric energy storage, the charging and discharging power of thermal energy storage, the charging and discharging power of cold energy storage, etc. EEC, HEC and LEC are cold- The capacity optimization variables of electric energy storage, thermal energy storage and cold energy storage of heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid, S eec , S hec , S lec represent the electric energy storage, The cost per unit capacity of hot energy storage and cold energy storage (can be calculated in days);

(3)求解上述步骤(2)的储能容量优化模型,求解过程中将储能容量优化模型分解为两个阶段:(3) Solve the energy storage capacity optimization model in the above step (2), and decompose the energy storage capacity optimization model into two stages during the solution process:

第一阶段,将EEC、HEC和LEC分别设为定值,而与上级电网的交换容量Ptrans为优化变量,第一阶段储能容量优化模型的表达式为:In the first stage, EEC, HEC, and LEC are set as fixed values respectively, and the exchange capacity P trans with the upper-level power grid is an optimization variable. The expression of the energy storage capacity optimization model in the first stage is:

mm ii nno xx 00 ,, PP tt rr aa nno sthe s (( CC 00 TT xx 00 ++ SS tt rr aa nno sthe s ·· PP rr aa nno sthe s ))

求解第二阶段时,交换容量Ptrans为设定值,储能容量为优化变量,两个最小化模型可以合并一个,第二阶段储能容量优化模型的表达式:When solving the second stage, the exchange capacity P trans is the set value, and the energy storage capacity is the optimization variable. The two minimization models can be combined into one. The expression of the energy storage capacity optimization model in the second stage is:

mm ii nno xx 00 ,, EE. EE. CC ,, Hh EE. CC ,, LL EE. CC (( SS ee ee cc ·&Center Dot; EE. EE. CC ++ SS hh ee cc ·&Center Dot; Hh EE. CC ++ SS ll ee cc ·&Center Dot; LL EE. CC ++ CC 00 TT xx 00 ++ SS tt rr aa nno sthe s ·&Center Dot; PP tt rr aa nno sthe s ))

(4)采用迭代方法,对上述步骤(3)中分解为两个阶段的储能容量优化模型进行求解,过程如下:(4) Using an iterative method to solve the energy storage capacity optimization model decomposed into two stages in the above step (3), the process is as follows:

(4-1)设定冷-热-电多能流微电网的冷热电储能容量初始值为S0(4-1) Set the initial value of the cold, heat, and electricity energy storage capacity of the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid as S 0 ;

(4-2)将上述冷热电储能容量代入上述第一阶段储能容量优化模型,由于不确定性等因素的加入可能使模型非线性,可以采用分区定界等方法求解微网优化运行情况。计算得到第一阶段优化结果,从第一阶段优化结果中获取冷热电多能流微电网与上级电网的交换容量,将该交换容量记为Pmax(4-2) Substituting the above-mentioned energy storage capacity of cooling, heating and electricity into the energy storage capacity optimization model of the first stage above, since the addition of uncertainties and other factors may make the model non-linear, methods such as partitioning and delimitation can be used to solve the optimization operation of the microgrid Condition. Calculate the optimization results of the first stage, and obtain the exchange capacity between the cooling, heating, power and multi-energy flow micro-grid and the upper-level power grid from the optimization results of the first stage, and record the exchange capacity as P max ;

(4-3)将上述步骤(4-1)的冷热电储能容量及步骤(4-2)的交换容量Pmax,代入上述步骤(1)的冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型,计算得到冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型和储能成本整体效益,并折算到天,将运行和储能成本整体效益记为QA(4-3) Substituting the cooling, heating and electric energy storage capacity of the above step (4-1) and the exchange capacity P max of the step (4-2) into the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid of the above step (1) The optimization model of the operation is calculated to obtain the optimization model of the operation of the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the overall benefit of the energy storage cost, and convert it to the day, and record the overall benefit of the operation and energy storage cost as Q A ;

(4-4)将上述步骤(4-2)的交换容量Pmax代入上述第二阶段储能容量优化模型,同样采用分区定界等方法对微网全年运行效益和储能容量进行最优化,计算得到第二阶段优化结果,折算到天,将运行和储能成本整体效益记为QB,从第二阶段优化结果中获取冷-热-电多能流微的储能容量,将储能容量记为S;(4-4) Substitute the exchange capacity P max of the above step (4-2) into the energy storage capacity optimization model of the second stage above, and also use partition demarcation and other methods to optimize the microgrid's annual operating efficiency and energy storage capacity , calculate the optimization result of the second stage, convert it to the day, record the overall benefit of operation and energy storage cost as Q B , obtain the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow energy storage capacity from the second-stage optimization result, and store The energy capacity is denoted as S;

(4-5)将上述步骤(4-3)的运行和储能成本整体效益QA与上述步骤(4-4)的运行和储能成本整体效益QB进行比较,若|QA-QB|≤δ,δ的取值范围为10-5-10-7,则迭代结束,并将本次迭代的储能容量S和交换容量Pmax作为冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的最优储能容量和冷-热-电多能流微网与上级电网的交换容量,本次迭代中的多能流微网运行和储能成本整体效益QA或QB作为冷-热-电多能流微网日运行的最优效益;若|QA-QB|>δ,则将本次迭代得到的储能容量S替换原有值,返回步骤(4-2)。(4-5) Compare the overall benefit Q A of the operation and energy storage cost of the above step (4-3) with the overall benefit Q B of the operation and energy storage cost of the above step (4-4), if |Q A -Q B |≤δ, the value range of δ is 10 -5 -10 -7 , then the iteration ends, and the energy storage capacity S and exchange capacity P max of this iteration are operated as a cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid The optimal energy storage capacity and the exchange capacity of the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid, the multi-energy flow microgrid operation and energy storage cost overall benefit Q A or Q B in this iteration is used as cooling-heating - The optimal benefit of the daily operation of the electric multi-energy flow microgrid; if |Q A -Q B |>δ, replace the original value with the energy storage capacity S obtained in this iteration, and return to step (4-2).

Claims (1)

1.一种冷热电多能流微电网考虑运行的储能容量优化方法,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:1. A method for optimizing the energy storage capacity of a cold, hot, electric and multi-energy flow micro-grid considering operation, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: (1)建立一个冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型,过程如下:(1) Establish an optimization model for the operation of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, the process is as follows: (1-1)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷-热-电联供设备运行的优化模型:(1-1) Establish an optimization model for the operation of cooling-heating-power cogeneration equipment in the cold-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid: 冷-热-电联供设备模型中供电设备的模型如下:The model of the power supply equipment in the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment model is as follows: Plmin≤Pl(i)≤Plmax P lmin ≤ P l (i) ≤ P lmax -RDl≤Pl(i+1)-Pl(i)≤RUl -RD l ≤P l (i+1)-P l (i)≤RU l 其中:i为运行时段的编号,Pl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率,Plmin和Plmax分别为冷-热-电联供设备有功功率的上限和下限,RDl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率向上爬坡率,RUl为冷-热-电联供设备的有功功率向下爬坡率,RDl和RUl由冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书提供;Among them: i is the number of the running period, P l is the active power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, P lmin and P lmax are the upper limit and lower limit of the active power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, RD l is the cooling -The upward ramp rate of the active power of the heat-power cogeneration equipment, RU l is the downward ramp rate of the active power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, RD l and RU l are determined by the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment Provide product brochures; 冷-热-电联供设备模型中供热/冷设备的模型如下:The model of the heating/cooling equipment in the cooling-heating-power cogeneration equipment model is as follows: Hlmin≤Hl(i)≤Hlmax H lmin ≤ H l (i) ≤ H lmax -RDhl≤Hl(i+1)-Hl(i)≤RUhl -RD hl ≤H l (i+1)-H l (i)≤RU hl Hl(i)≥Hlh(i)/ηhex+Llc(i)/ηCOP H l (i)≥H lh (i)/η hex +L lc (i)/η COP 其中:Hl为冷-热-电联供设备的热出力,Hlmin和Hlmax分别为冷-热-电联供设备的热出力的上限和下限,RDhl为冷-热-电联供设备热出力的向上爬坡率,RUhl为冷-热-电联供设备热出力的向下爬坡率,RDhl和RUhl从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取,Hlh为冷-热-电联供设备的供热功率,Llc为冷-热-电联供设备的供冷功率,ηhex为冷-热-电联供设备的供热转换效率因数,ηcop为冷-热电联供设备的供冷转换效率因数,ηhex和ηcop从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取;Among them: H l is the thermal output of cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment, H lmin and H lmax are the upper limit and lower limit of the thermal output of cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment, RD hl is cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration The upward climbing rate of the heat output of the equipment, RU hl is the downward climbing rate of the heat output of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, RD hl and RU hl are obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, H lh is the heating power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, L lc is the cooling power of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, η hex is the heat supply conversion efficiency factor of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment, η cop is the cooling conversion efficiency factor of the cooling-heating-power cogeneration equipment, η hex and η cop are obtained from the product specification of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment; 冷-热-电联供设备模型中电热冷耦合关系为:The coupling relationship between electricity, heat and cold in the cooling-heat-electricity cogeneration equipment model is: afPl(i)+bfHl(i)=Fl(i)a f P l (i)+b f H l (i)=F l (i) Hl(i)=c1Pl(i)+c2 H l (i) = c 1 P l (i) + c 2 其中:Fl为冷-热-电联供设备的耗气量,af和bf分别为冷-热-电联供设备的耗气效率因数,c1,c2为冷-热-电联供设备的电热出力耦合因数,af、bf、c1和c2分别从冷-热-电联供设备的产品说明书获取;Among them: F l is the air consumption of cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment, a f and b f are the air consumption efficiency factors of cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment respectively, c 1 and c 2 are cooling-heating-electricity cogeneration equipment The electric-heat output coupling factors of the power supply equipment, a f , b f , c 1 and c 2 are respectively obtained from the product manual of the cooling-heat-power cogeneration equipment; (1-2)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中供热锅炉运行的优化模型如下:(1-2) Establish the optimization model for the operation of the heating boiler in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows: 0≤H(i)≤Hmax 0≤H(i) ≤Hmax -RDh≤H(i+1)-H(i)≤RUh -RD h ≤H(i+1)-H(i)≤RU h H(i)=ηF(i)H(i)=ηF(i) 其中:H为供热锅炉的热功率,Hmax为供热锅炉的热功率上限,RDh为供热锅炉的向上爬坡率,RUh为供热锅炉的向下爬坡率,F为供热锅炉的耗气量,η为供热锅炉的热效率因数,Hmax、RDh、RUh和η从供热锅炉的产品铭牌中获取;Where: H is the thermal power of the heating boiler, H max is the upper limit of the thermal power of the heating boiler, RD h is the upward ramp rate of the heating boiler, RU h is the downward ramp rate of the heating boiler, F is the Gas consumption of the heating boiler, η is the thermal efficiency factor of the heating boiler, H max , RD h , RU h and η are obtained from the product nameplate of the heating boiler; (1-3)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中能量转换设备运行的优化模型如下:(1-3) Establish the optimization model for the operation of energy conversion equipment in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows: 0≤PEH(i)≤PEHmax 0≤P EH (i) ≤P EHmax HEH(i)=ηEHPEH(i)H EH (i) = η EH P EH (i) 0≤PEC(i)≤PECmax 0≤P EC (i) ≤P ECmax LEC(i)=ηECPEC(i)L EC (i) = η EC P EC (i) 其中:PEH为能量转换设备的电热转换电功率,PEHmax为能量转换设备电热转换电功率上限,HEH为能量转换设备的电热转换热输出功率,ηEH为能量转换设备的电热转换效率因数,PEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换电功率,PECmax为能量转换设备的电冷转换电功率上限,LEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换冷输出功率,ηEC为能量转换设备的电冷转换效率因数,PEHmax、ηEH、PECmax和ηEC从能量转换设备的产品说明书获取;Among them: P EH is the electrothermal conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, P EHmax is the upper limit of the electrothermal conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, H EH is the electrothermal conversion heat output power of the energy conversion equipment, η EH is the electrothermal conversion efficiency factor of the energy conversion equipment, P EC is the electrical cooling conversion electric power of the energy conversion equipment, P ECmax is the upper limit of the electrical cooling conversion electrical power of the energy conversion equipment, L EC is the electrical cooling conversion cooling output power of the energy conversion equipment, and η EC is the electrical cooling conversion efficiency factor of the energy conversion equipment , P EHmax , η EH , P ECmax and η EC are obtained from the product manual of the energy conversion device; (1-4)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中多能流储能设备运行的优化模型如下:(1-4) Establish the optimization model for the operation of multi-energy flow energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid as follows: 电储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for the operation of electric energy storage equipment is as follows: 0≤Pdis,char(i)≤PEmax 0≤P dis, char (i)≤P Emax SoC(i)=SoC(i-1)+ηcPchar(i)-Pdis(i)/ηd SoC(i)=SoC(i-1)+η c P char (i)-P dis (i)/η d SoCmin≤SoC(i)≤SoCmax SoC min ≤ SoC(i) ≤ SoC max Pdis(i)·Pchar(i)=0P dis (i) · P char (i) = 0 其中:Pdis和Pchar分别为电储能设备的充电功率和放电功率,PEmax为电储能设备的最大充电功率和最大放电功率,SoC为电储能设备的电储能当前容量,SoCmin为电储能设备的电储能最小容量,SoCmax为电储能设备的电储能最大容量,ηc和ηd分别为电储能设备的充电效率因数和放电效率因数,其中,PEmax、SoCmin、SoCmax、ηc和ηd从电储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: P dis and P char are the charging power and discharging power of the electric energy storage device respectively, P Emax is the maximum charging power and the maximum discharging power of the electric energy storage device, SoC is the current electric energy storage capacity of the electric energy storage device, SoC min is the minimum electric energy storage capacity of the electric energy storage device, SoC max is the maximum electric energy storage capacity of the electric energy storage device, η c and η d are the charging efficiency factor and discharge efficiency factor of the electric energy storage device, respectively, where, P Emax , SoC min , SoC max , η c and η d are obtained from the product specification of the electric energy storage device; 热储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for thermal energy storage equipment operation is as follows: 0≤HTI,TO(i)≤HTI,TO,max 0≤H TI,TO (i)≤H TI,TO,max HET(i)=ηHHET(i-1)+ηHIHTI(i)-HTO(i)/ηHO HE T (i)=η H HE T (i-1)+η HI H TI (i)-H TO (i)/η HO HET,min≤HET(i)≤HET,max HE T,min ≤HE T (i)≤HE T,max HTO(i)·HTI(i)=0H TO (i) · H TI (i) = 0 其中:HTI和HTO分别为热储能设备的储热功率和放热功率,HTI,TO,max为热储能设备的最大储热功率和最大放热功率,HET为热储能设备的热储能当前容量,HET,min为热储能设备的热储能最小容量,HET,max为热储能设备的热储能最大容量,ηHI和ηHO分别为热储能设备的储热效率因数和放热效率因数,ηH为热储能设备的热能耗散因数,其中,HTI,TO,max、HET,min、HET,max、ηHI、ηHO和ηH从热储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: H TI and H TO are the heat storage power and heat release power of the thermal energy storage device respectively, H TI,TO,max are the maximum heat storage power and maximum heat release power of the thermal energy storage device, HE T is the heat storage power The current thermal energy storage capacity of the equipment, HE T,min is the minimum thermal energy storage capacity of the thermal energy storage device, HE T,max is the maximum thermal energy storage capacity of the thermal energy storage device, η HI and η HO are the thermal energy storage The heat storage efficiency factor and heat release efficiency factor of the equipment, η H is the thermal energy dissipation factor of the thermal energy storage equipment, where, H TI,TO,max , HE T,min , HE T,max , η HI , η HO and η H Obtained from the product manual of the thermal energy storage device; 冷储能设备运行的优化模型如下:The optimization model for the operation of cold energy storage equipment is as follows: 0≤LTI,TO(i)≤LTI,TO,max 0≤L TI,TO (i)≤L TI,TO,max LET(i)=ηCLET(i-1)+ηCILTI(i)-LTO(i)/ηCO LE T (i)=η C LE T (i-1)+η CI L TI (i)-L TO (i)/η CO LET,min≤LET(i)≤LET,max LE T,min ≤LE T (i)≤LE T,max LTO(i)·LTI(i)=0L TO (i) · L TI (i) = 0 其中:LTI和LTO分别为冷储能设备的储冷功率和放冷功率,LTI,TO,max为冷储能设备的最大储冷功率和最大放冷功率,LET为冷储能设备的冷储能当前容量,LET,min为冷储能设备的冷储能最小容量,LET,max为冷储能设备的冷储能最大容量,ηCI和ηCO分别为冷储能设备的储冷效率因数和放冷效率因数,ηC为冷储能设备的冷能耗散因数,其中,LTI,TO,max、LET,min、LET,max、ηCI、ηCO和ηC从冷储能设备的产品说明书中获取;Among them: L TI and L TO are the cold storage power and cooling power of the cold energy storage equipment respectively, L TI,TO,max are the maximum cold storage power and maximum cooling power of the cold energy storage equipment, LE T is the cold energy storage The current cold storage capacity of the equipment, LE T,min is the minimum cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, LE T,max is the maximum cold storage capacity of the cold storage device, η CI and η CO are the cold storage capacity The cold storage efficiency factor and cooling efficiency factor of the equipment, η C is the cooling energy dissipation factor of the cold energy storage equipment, where L TI,TO,max , LE T,min , LE T,max , η CI , η CO and ηC are obtained from the product specification of the cold energy storage device; (1-5)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网的能量交换模型如下:(1-5) Establish the energy exchange model between the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid as follows: 0≤Pbuy(i)≤Pgridmax 0≤P buy (i) ≤P gridmax 0≤Psell(i)≤Pgridmax 0≤P sell (i) ≤P gridmax Pbuy(i)·Psell(i)=0P buy (i) · P sell (i) = 0 其中:Pbuy为冷-热-电多能流微电网从上级电网的购电功率,Psell为冷-热-电多能流微电网向上级电网的售电功率,Pgridmax为冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网之间的能量交换最大功率;Among them: P buy is the power purchased by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid from the upper-level grid, P sell is the power sold by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid to the upper-level grid, and P gridmax is the cold-heat-electricity The maximum power of energy exchange between the multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper grid; (1-6)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网中能量的平衡模型如下:(1-6) Establish the energy balance model in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows: 电能平衡模型为:The power balance model is: ΣΣ jj == 11 mm PP jj ++ PP ll ++ PP bb uu ythe y ++ PP dd ii sthe s == EE. ll oo aa dd ++ PP sthe s ee ll ll ++ PP cc hh aa rr ++ PP EE. Hh ++ PP EE. CC 其中:Pj为冷-热-电多能流微电网中可再生能源的有功功率,m为冷-热-电多能流微电网中可再生能源机组的数量,Eload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总电能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: P j is the active power of renewable energy in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, m is the number of renewable energy units in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and E load is the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid. The total electric energy load of the multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above; 热能平衡模型为:The heat balance model is: Hlh+H+HEH+HTO≥Hload+HTI H lh +H+H EH +H TO ≥H load +H TI 其中:Hload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总热能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: H load is the total heat load of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above; 冷能平衡模型为:The cold energy balance model is: Llc+LEC+LTO≥Lload+LTI L lc +L EC +L TO ≥L load +L TI 其中:Lload为冷-热-电多能流微电网的总冷能负荷,其余符号含义同上;Among them: L load is the total cooling energy load of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, and the meanings of other symbols are the same as above; (1-7)建立冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化目标函数如下:(1-7) Establish the optimization objective function for the operation of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows: minmin ΣΣ ii CC PP bb uu ythe y ·&Center Dot; PP bb uu ythe y -- CC PP sthe s ee ll ll ·&Center Dot; PP sthe s ee ll ll ++ CC gg aa sthe s ·&Center Dot; Ff ll ++ CC gg aa sthe s ·&Center Dot; Ff ++ CC EE. cc (( PP cc hh aa rr )) ++ CC EE. dd (( PP dd ii sthe s )) ++ CC Hh cc (( Hh TT II )) ++ CC Hh dd (( Hh TT Oo )) ++ CC LL cc (( LL TT II )) ++ CC LL dd (( LL TT Oo )) -- CC aa ll ll ·&Center Dot; PP ll ++ CC tt rr aa sthe s PP gg rr ii dd maxmax 其中:CPbuy为冷-热-电多能流微电网从上级电网购电的电价,CPsell为冷-热-电多能流微电网向上级电网售电的电价,Cgas为天然气价格,CEc和CEd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中电储能设备的充电费用和放电费用,CHc和CHd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中热储能设备的储热费用和放热费用,CLc和CLd分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷储能设备的储冷费用和放冷费用,Call为冷-热-电多能流微电网中冷热电联供设备的运行补贴,Ctrans为冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网能量交换的容量费用;Among them: C Pbuy is the electricity price purchased by the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid from the upper-level grid, C Psell is the electricity price for the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid to sell electricity to the upper-level grid, and C gas is the price of natural gas. C Ec and C Ed are the charging and discharging costs of electric energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively, and CHc and CHd are the thermal energy storage in the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively. The heat storage cost and heat release cost of the equipment, C Lc and C Ld are the cold storage cost and cooling cost of the cold energy storage equipment in the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid, respectively, C all is the cold-heat-electricity multi- The operation subsidy for the cooling, heating and power cogeneration equipment in the energy flow microgrid, C trans is the capacity fee for the energy exchange between the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid; (2)建立一个考虑冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的储能容量优化模型如下:(2) Establish an energy storage capacity optimization model considering the operation of cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid as follows: min(Seec·EEC+Shec·HEC+Slec·LEC+min(C0 Tx0+Strans·Ptrans))min(S eec EEC+S hec HEC+S lec LEC+min(C 0 T x 0 +S trans P trans )) 其中:内部最小化模型min(C0 Tx0+Strans·Ptrans)为上述步骤(1)的冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化目标函数,其中的x0表示除了冷-热-电多能流微电网与上级电网交换容量以外的其他优化变量,包括:冷热电联供耗气量、冷热电联供发电量、冷热电联供产热量、多能流微电网从上级电网购电量、向上级电网售电量、供热锅炉耗气量、电储能充放功率、热储能充放功率、冷储能充放功率等,EEC、HEC和LEC分别为冷-热-电多能流微电网的电储能、热储能和冷储能的容量优化变量,Seec,Shec,Slec分别表示冷-热-电多能流微电网的电储能、热储能、冷储能单位容量的成本;Among them: the internal minimization model min(C 0 T x 0 +S trans P trans ) is the optimization objective function of the cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid operation in the above step (1), where x 0 represents -Other optimization variables other than the exchange capacity between the heat-electricity multi-energy flow micro-grid and the upper-level power grid, including: air consumption of combined cooling, heating and power, power generation of combined cooling, heating and power, heat production of combined cooling, heating and power, multi-energy flow micro-grid The grid purchases electricity from the upper-level grid, sells electricity to the upper-level grid, the gas consumption of the heating boiler, the charging and discharging power of electric energy storage, the charging and discharging power of thermal energy storage, the charging and discharging power of cold energy storage, etc. EEC, HEC and LEC are cold- The capacity optimization variables of electric energy storage, thermal energy storage and cold energy storage of heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid, S eec , S hec , S lec represent the electric energy storage, The cost per unit capacity of thermal energy storage and cold energy storage; (3)求解上述步骤(2)的储能容量优化模型,求解过程中将储能容量优化模型分解为两个阶段:(3) Solve the energy storage capacity optimization model in the above step (2), and decompose the energy storage capacity optimization model into two stages during the solution process: 第一阶段,将EEC、HEC和LEC分别设为定值,而与上级电网的交换容量Ptrans为优化变量,第一阶段储能容量优化模型的表达式为:In the first stage, EEC, HEC, and LEC are set as fixed values respectively, and the exchange capacity P trans with the upper-level power grid is an optimization variable. The expression of the energy storage capacity optimization model in the first stage is: mm ii nno xx 00 ,, PP tt rr aa nno sthe s (( CC 00 TT xx 00 ++ SS tt rr aa nno sthe s ·&Center Dot; PP tt rr aa nno sthe s )) 求解第二阶段时,交换容量Ptrans为设定值,储能容量为优化变量,第二阶段储能容量优化模型的表达式:When solving the second stage, the exchange capacity P trans is the set value, and the energy storage capacity is the optimization variable. The expression of the energy storage capacity optimization model in the second stage is: mm ii nno xx 00 ,, EE. EE. CC ,, Hh EE. CC ,, LL EE. CC (( SS ee ee cc ·&Center Dot; EE. EE. CC ++ SS hh ee cc ·&Center Dot; Hh EE. CC ++ SS ll ee cc ·&Center Dot; LL EE. CC ++ CC 00 TT xx 00 ++ SS tt rr aa nno sthe s ·&Center Dot; PP tt rr aa nno sthe s )) (4)采用迭代方法,对上述步骤(3)中分解为两个阶段的储能容量优化模型进行求解,过程如下:(4) Using an iterative method to solve the energy storage capacity optimization model decomposed into two stages in the above step (3), the process is as follows: (4-1)设定冷-热-电多能流微电网的冷热电储能容量初始值为S0(4-1) Set the initial value of the cold, heat, and electricity energy storage capacity of the cold-heat-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid as S 0 ; (4-2)将上述冷热电储能容量代入上述第一阶段储能容量优化模型,计算得到第一阶段优化结果,从第一阶段优化结果中获取冷热电多能流微电网与上级电网的交换容量,将该交换容量记为Pmax(4-2) Substituting the above-mentioned energy storage capacity of cooling, heating, and electricity into the optimization model of the energy storage capacity of the first stage above, the calculation results of the first-stage optimization are obtained, and from the optimization results of the first stage, the micro-grid and the upper-level The switching capacity of the grid, which is recorded as P max ; (4-3)将上述步骤(4-1)的冷热电储能容量及步骤(4-2)的交换容量Pmax,代入上述步骤(1)的冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型,计算得到冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的优化模型和储能成本整体效益,将运行和储能成本整体效益记为QA(4-3) Substituting the cooling, heating and electric energy storage capacity of the above step (4-1) and the exchange capacity P max of the step (4-2) into the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid of the above step (1) The optimization model of operation is calculated to obtain the optimization model of cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid operation and the overall benefit of energy storage cost, and the overall benefit of operation and energy storage cost is recorded as Q A ; (4-4)将上述步骤(4-2)的交换容量Pmax代入上述第二阶段储能容量优化模型,计算得到第二阶段优化结果,折算到天,将运行和储能成本整体效益记为QB,从第二阶段优化结果中获取冷-热-电多能流微的储能容量,将储能容量记为S;(4-4) Substitute the exchange capacity P max of the above step (4-2) into the above-mentioned second-stage energy storage capacity optimization model, calculate and obtain the second-stage optimization results, convert to days, and record the overall benefits of operation and energy storage costs is Q B , the energy storage capacity of cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow is obtained from the optimization results of the second stage, and the energy storage capacity is denoted as S; (4-5)将上述步骤(4-3)的运行和储能成本整体效益QA与上述步骤(4-4)的运行和储能成本整体效益QB进行比较,若|QA-QB|≤δ,δ的取值范围为10-5-10-7,则迭代结束,并将本次迭代的储能容量S和交换容量Pmax作为冷-热-电多能流微电网运行的最优储能容量和冷-热-电多能流微网与上级电网的交换容量,本次迭代中的多能流微网运行和储能成本整体效益QA或QB作为冷-热-电多能流微网日运行的最优效益;若|QA-QB|>δ,则将本次迭代得到的储能容量S替换原有值,返回步骤(4-2)。(4-5) Compare the overall benefit Q A of the operation and energy storage cost of the above step (4-3) with the overall benefit Q B of the operation and energy storage cost of the above step (4-4), if |Q A -Q B |≤δ, the value range of δ is 10 -5 -10 -7 , then the iteration ends, and the energy storage capacity S and exchange capacity P max of this iteration are operated as a cold-heat-electric multi-energy flow microgrid The optimal energy storage capacity and the exchange capacity of the cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow microgrid and the upper-level grid, the multi-energy flow microgrid operation and energy storage cost overall benefit Q A or Q B in this iteration is used as cooling-heating - The optimal benefit of the daily operation of the electric multi-energy flow microgrid; if |Q A -Q B |>δ, replace the original value with the energy storage capacity S obtained in this iteration, and return to step (4-2).
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CN106505596A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-15 中国电力科学研究院 Heat storage tank capacity optimization configuration method and system for improving wind power absorption capacity
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CN107491626A (en) * 2017-10-09 2017-12-19 清华大学 A kind of calculating of heat supply network heating power adjustability and modeling method
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CN109102204A (en) * 2018-08-29 2018-12-28 国网青海省电力公司经济技术研究院 A kind of scheduling model and networking benefit analysis methods of photo-thermal power generation access power grid
CN109102204B (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-10-16 国网青海省电力公司经济技术研究院 Scheduling model for connecting photo-thermal power generation to power grid and network access benefit analysis method
CN112366697A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-12 杭州意能电力技术有限公司 Management method of day-ahead energy management model of multi-energy flow distribution network
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