CN106054312A - High-birefringence low-loss pohotonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
High-birefringence low-loss pohotonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN106054312A CN106054312A CN201610668852.7A CN201610668852A CN106054312A CN 106054312 A CN106054312 A CN 106054312A CN 201610668852 A CN201610668852 A CN 201610668852A CN 106054312 A CN106054312 A CN 106054312A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- -1 politef Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950000845 politef Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012984 biological imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004651 carbonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021197 fiber intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/023—Microstructured optical fibre having different index layers arranged around the core for guiding light by reflection, i.e. 1D crystal, e.g. omniguide
- G02B6/02304—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. air filled, hollow core
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-birefringence low-loss pohotonic crystal fiber, and the pohotonic crystal fiber comprises a fiber core and a cladding layer which surrounds the fiber core. The cladding layer is provided with a plurality of first air holes, and the plurality of first air holes takes the fiber core as the center to sequentially surround the fiber core from the inside to the outside. The structures of the first air holes are the same. The cable core comprises a substrate material and second air holes disposed in the substrate material. The second air hole is elliptical. Because the non-symmetric ellipse-like second air holes are introduced in the fiber core, the structure of the fiber does not have rotational symmetry, does not have a degenerate cross-polarization mode, and represents high birefringence. Meanwhile, because the second air holes are introduced in the fiber core, a large amount of energy of a terahertz wave is transmitted in a low-loss air hole, thereby greatly reducing the loss of the fiber. The fiber is simple in structure, and is easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Hz optical fiber technical field, particularly to a kind of high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber.
Background technology
Terahertz (THz) ripple typically refers to frequency electromagnetic radiation in the range of 0.1～10THz.Nearly ten years, section skilled worker
Author achieves impressive progress in the research field such as THz source and detector, and Terahertz Technology is at sensing, medical diagnosis, biological
Imaging, macromole detection, the aspect such as national defense safety, communication all shows wide application prospect.Owing to THz wave is absolutely
Most solid material there are serious absorption loss, current Terahertz system rely primarily on free space and realize Terahertz
Ripple transmits.This structural volume is huge, the most easy of integration, be vulnerable to the interference in the external world, and these shortcomings significantly limit Terahertz
The miniaturization of system, portability and range of application.
In recent years, domestic and international research worker has carried out the research of substantial amounts of terahertz waveguide.Photonic crystal fiber can pass through
The particular design of airport structure provides high birefringence, thus realizes protecting inclined function, and therefore terahertz light photonic crystal fiber is subject to
Increasing concern.Terahertz light photonic crystal fiber can be divided into two kinds according to its waveguide mechanism: one is fully-reflected type
Photonic crystal fiber, fiber core is high refractive index medium material, the photonic crystal fiber broader bandwidth of this structure, but due to
THz wave mainly transmits in dielectric material, is lost relatively large；Another kind is Bandgap-photonic optical fiber, the light of this structure
The fine photonic band gap effect transmission THz wave that relies on, THz wave mainly transmission in air-core, it is lost relatively low, but
By transmitting, band gap is narrow to be limited, and optical fiber preparation technology requires higher.
The loose structure that porous optical fiber uses sub-wavelength airport to constitute is fibre core, and air, as covering, is formed complete interior anti-
Emitting optical fiber, owing to THz wave has significant portion energy to transmit in low-loss sub-wavelength airport, greatly reduces light
Fine loss [document: S.Atakaramians, et al., " Porous fibers:a novel approach to
Lowloss THz waveguides, " Opt.Express, 2008,16 (12): 8845].But, sub-wavelength porous optical fiber has phase
When most energy is propagated in air cladding layer, being easily subject to the interference of external environment, range of application is restricted.Therefore,
In the fibre core of fully-reflected type photonic crystal fiber, introduce sub-wavelength airport structure reduce fibre loss and start to receive people
Concern, [document: M.Uthman, et al., " Design and Characterization of Low-
LossPorous-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber, " IEEE Photon.J., 2012,4 (6), 2315].
By destroying the symmetry of the airport structure of fibre core or covering, high birefringence Terahertz porous photon can be obtained
Crystal optical fibre.Document report is had to use the little airport array of rectangular air hole or asymmetric geometry as fibre core, terahertz recently
Hereby hole optical photonic crystal fiber Birefringence numbers reaches the 10-2 order of magnitude [document: (1) R.Islam, et al., " Extremely
High-Birefringent AsymmetricSlotted-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber in THz
Regime, " IEEE Photon.Technol.Lett., 2015,27 (21), 2222；(2) R.Islam, et al., " Novel
Porous fiber based on dual-asymmetry forlow-loss polarization maintaining
THz waveguidance, " Optics Letters, 2016,41 (3), 440].But these Terahertz porous photonic crystal light
Fine covering air circular hole is relatively big with the diameter ratio of fibre core air circular hole, or introduces labyrinth, in preparation process
It is difficult to the integrity simultaneously ensureing covering airport structure with fibre core airport structure, complicated process of preparation, it is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber, of the prior art to solve
Birefringence Terahertz photonic crystals optical fiber structure is complicated, it is difficult to the technical problem of preparation.
The present invention provides a kind of high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber, described high birefringence low-loss photonic crystal light
Fibre includes fibre core and is surrounded on the covering of fibre core, is provided with multiple first airport, multiple described first air in described covering
Hole is the most successively around fibre core centered by described fibre core, and the structure of described first airport is identical, and described fibre core includes
Base material and the second airport being arranged in base material, described second airport is class ellipticity.
Further, described second airport is made up of the round shape airport of two, or is single elliptoid second
Airport.
Further, the described first airport diameter of round shape is more than or equal to the diameter ratio of described second airport
1.5, less than or equal to 3.5.
Further, the spacing of described second airport of adjacent round shape is 25-50 μm.
Further, described first airport is circular or oval.
Further, the oval described first short axle of airport is 0.5-1 with the ratio of major axis.
Further, adjacent described first airport center distance is 50-100 μm.
Further, described first airport center distance is more than the diameter 3-10 μm of described first airport.
Further, the material of described base material is cyclic olefin polymer, politef, polyethylene or poly-carbonic acid
Ester.
Further, three adjacent described first airport arrangements triangular in shape.
Described in the high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber that the present invention provides, covering is provided with multiple first air
Hole, multiple described first airports centered by described fibre core the most successively around fibre core, the knot of described first airport
Structure is identical, and described fibre core includes base material and the second airport being arranged in base material, and described second airport is class
Ellipticity.Due to the fact that and introduce the second airport that asymmetrical class is oval in fibre core, this structure does not possess rotationally symmetrical
Property, there is not the orthogonal polarization modes of degeneracy, thus show the highest birefringence.Simultaneously because the drawing of the second airport in fibre core
Entering, THz wave has significant portion energy to transmit in low-loss air hole, greatly reduces the loss of optical fiber, has structure letter
The advantages such as single and easy realization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of the part constituting the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and the present invention's is schematic real
Execute example and illustrate for explaining the present invention, being not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 be the second airport of high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber according to embodiments of the present invention be ellipticity
Structural representation；
Fig. 2 be the second airport of high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber according to embodiments of the present invention be round shape
Structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the fibre core of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is that the birefringence that high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber according to embodiments of the present invention changes with frequency is bent
Line；
Fig. 5 is high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber limitation loss curve according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber effective absorbed loss song according to embodiments of the present invention
Line.
In figure:
1-covering；2-the first airport；3-fibre core；
4-the second airport.
Detailed description of the invention
It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in the present invention and the feature in embodiment can phases
Combination mutually.Describe the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " connects " and should do
Broadly understood, connect for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or be integrally connected；Can be to be mechanically connected,
It can also be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two element internals
Connection.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term specifically containing in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition
Justice.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber that the present invention provides includes: fibre core 3 and cincture
Being provided with multiple first airport 2 in the covering 1 of fibre core 3, described covering 1, multiple described first airports 2 are with described fibre core
The most successively around fibre core 3 centered by 3, the structure of described first airport 2 is identical, and described fibre core 3 includes base material
With the second airport 4 being arranged in base material, described second airport 4 is in class ellipticity.Class ellipticity is left and right
Axial length, the second airport 4 that upper and lower axle is short.
Due to the fact that and introduce the second airport 4 that asymmetrical class is oval in fibre core 3, it is right that this structure does not possess rotation
, there is not the orthogonal polarization modes of degeneracy, thus show the highest birefringence in title property.Simultaneously because the second airport 4 in fibre core 3
Introducing, THz wave has significant portion energy to transmit in low-loss air hole, greatly reduces the loss of optical fiber, have knot
The advantages such as structure simply and readily realization.
With air as compared with the porous optical fiber of covering 1, the multi-layer air aperture layer energy of photonic crystal fiber of the present invention
THz wave is limited in fibre core 3 transmission, it is to avoid the interference of external environment.Covering in optical fiber designed by the present invention 1 with
Fibre core 3 airport diameter ratio, much smaller than the sub-wavelength porous structure photonic crystal fiber reported before this, has essence with it
Difference.The second circular airport 4 number introduced in fibre core 3 the most of the present invention is 2, the second oval air
Hole 4 counts as 1 far fewer than the porous optical fiber structure reported before this.Optical fiber structure of the present invention is wholecircle shape or entirely oval
First airport 2 and the arrangement of shape are simple, and preparation technology is simple, easily realizes.
Further, described second airport 4 is made up of the round shape airport of two, two round shape be easy to processing.Or
For single elliptoid second airport 4, single elliptoid second airport 4 can reduce processing quantity, saves step.
Further, the diameter ratio of described first airport 2 diameter of round shape and described second airport 4 more than or etc.
In 1.5, less than or equal to 3.5.The spacing of described second airport 4 of adjacent round shape is 25-50 μm.
So that THz wave is easier to permeate in covering 1 region, i.e. it is more readily formed high birefringence, further
Ground, the first airport 2 described in the present embodiment is circular or oval (oval is not shown).Oval described first is empty
The short axle of pore 2 is 0.5-1 with the ratio of major axis.Ratio is between 0-1, and ratio is the least, and oval shape is the most elongated, bag
The anisotropy of layer 1 refractive index is the biggest, and THz wave is easier to permeate in covering 1 region, is i.e. more readily formed Gao Shuan
Refraction, but increase the leakage losses of transmission simultaneously.Ratio levels off to 1, ellipse i.e. sub-circular, refractive index in covering 1
Anisotropy is the least, and birefringence effect is the most relatively weak.The leakage losses and the birefringence effect ratio that consider covering 1 are
0.5-1.
Further, adjacent described first airport 2 center distance is 50-100 μm.Described first airport center
Spacing is more than the diameter 3-10 μm of described first airport.
So that birefringence level decreases, further, described first airport 2 of part or complete in the present embodiment
First airport 2 described in portion is filled with the refractive indexs such as water, ethanol or carbon dioxide less than base material refractive index higher than air
The material of refractive index.The material of described base material is cyclic olefin polymer, politef, polyethylene or Merlon.Only
If refractive index belongs to scope more than the material of air, it would however also be possible to employ cyclic olefin polymer, it is at terahertz
Hereby refractive index n=1.5 of wave band.
Three described first airport 2 arrangements triangular in shape adjacent in covering 1.First airport 2 diameter is set as d=
71um, center distance Λ=75 μm of adjacent first airport 2.The diameter D=75um of fibre core 3, the center level of fibre core 3
Side is directed upwardly into two identical the second circular airports 4 of diameter, and its diameter dc=33.8um, between adjacent second airport 4
Away from Λ c=35.5um.The refractive index of covering 1 is less than the refractive index of fibre core 3.
Fig. 3 is that described in Fig. 1 embodiment using full vector model to calculate, the birefringence of optical fiber is advised with the change of frequency
Rule, in the range of 2-4THz, birefringence is maintained at 10-2 magnitude, and along with the increase of frequency, birefringence constantly increases.At frequency
When rate is 3THz, birefringence is up to 3 × 10-2.It is X polarization mode during 3THz and the electric field of Y polarization mode from optical fiber in frequency
It can be seen that mould field is effectively limited in fiber core 3 transmission in strong scattergram.
As seen from Figure 6, the limitation loss of optical fiber shown in embodiment reduces along with the increase of frequency.In frequency it is
During 3THz, the limitation loss of X polarization direction be the limitation loss of 5.3 × 10-2dB/m, Y polarization direction be 0.01dB/m.Limit
Loss can be regulated by the arrange change of the number of plies of covering 1 first airport 2.
In the present embodiment, in the range of 2-4THz, it is assumed that the absorbed loss of cyclic olefin polymer is 1cm-1,
As seen from Figure 6, effective absorbed loss of optical fiber shown in embodiment increases along with the increase of frequency.In frequency it is
During 3THz, effective absorbed loss that the loss of effective absorbed is 0.57cm-1, Y polarization direction of X polarization direction is
0.45cm-1.
Described in the high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber that the present invention provides, covering 1 is provided with multiple first air
Hole 2, multiple described first airports 2 centered by described fibre core 3 the most successively around fibre core 3, described first airport 2
Structure identical, described fibre core 3 includes base material and the second airport 4 being arranged in base material, described second air
Hole 4 is in class ellipticity.Due to the fact that and introduce the second airport 4 that asymmetrical class is oval in fibre core 3, this structure does not possesses
, there is not the orthogonal polarization modes of degeneracy, thus show the highest birefringence in rotational symmetry.Simultaneously because in fibre core 3 second
The introducing of airport 4, THz wave has significant portion energy to transmit in low-loss air hole, greatly reduces the damage of optical fiber
Consumption, has the advantage such as simple in construction and easy realization.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a high birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber, it is characterised in that include fibre core and be surrounded on the covering of fibre core, institute
State and covering is provided with multiple first airport, multiple described first airports ring the most successively centered by described fibre core
Around fibre core, the structure of described first airport is identical, and described fibre core includes base material and be arranged in base material second
Airport, described second airport is class ellipticity.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described second airport
It is made up of the round shape airport of two, or is single elliptoid second airport.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described the first of round shape
Airport diameter is more than or equal to 1.5, less than or equal to 3.5 with the diameter ratio of described second airport.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the institute of adjacent round shape
The spacing stating the second airport is 25-50 μm.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first airport
For circular or oval.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that oval described the
The one short axle of airport is 0.5-1 with the ratio of major axis.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that adjacent described first
Airport center distance is 50-100 μm.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first airport
Center distance is more than the diameter 3-10 μm of described first airport.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described base material
Material is cyclic olefin polymer, politef, polyethylene or Merlon.
High birefringence Low Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three adjacent institutes
State the first airport arrangement triangular in shape.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109254352A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-22 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of fast light terahertz waveguide |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |