CN106053518B - The device and method that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying - Google Patents
The device and method that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106053518B CN106053518B CN201610384639.3A CN201610384639A CN106053518B CN 106053518 B CN106053518 B CN 106053518B CN 201610384639 A CN201610384639 A CN 201610384639A CN 106053518 B CN106053518 B CN 106053518B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- capillary
- knife
- sword
- cutting edge
- drying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
During a kind of simulation vacuum freeze-drying inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China the migration of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword device, if there are one pipes, there is the capillary mat of two groups of different-diameters inside pipe along its axial direction parallelly distribute on, include more capillaries in two groups of capillary mats, it is relatively large in diameter three capillaries adjacent in one group of capillary mat arrangement in equilateral triangle, each capillary in smaller one group of the capillary mat of diameter is located at the point midway of each equilateral triangle length of side, each capillary is spaced apart on its whole length direction and is equipped with multiple apertures in pipe, dense packing effect has small silica gel particle between each capillary in entire pipe, the both ends of the surface of each capillary are concordant with the both ends of the surface of pipe, pipe and each capillary are made of clear material.During vacuum freeze-drying, the ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migration situation of device cross section and side is observed respectively with camera.The present invention can during accurate observation vacuum freeze-drying inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China each moment ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position, it is convenient, accurate and cheap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of devices of multiple dimensioned pore passage structure inside simulation RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China, and in particular to one kind is for simulating
The device and method that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during vacuum freeze-drying.
Background technology
RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China is Dioscoreaceae plant, contains starch, lymphatic temperament, allantoin, choline, 16 kinds of amino acid, mannocarolose, sugar
Albumen, multivitamin and mineral matter and other components.Its mild-natured, tonifying speen and tonifying kidney sweet in flavor, antidiarrheal resolving sputum, profit fur, adjust it is immune,
Hypoglycemic, anti-aging and it is anti-oxidant etc. there is unique bioactivity, be the traditional integration of drinking and medicinal herbs food in China.
Because RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China moisture is high, perishable rotten, the form of dried product is more convenient for circulating and be stored, therefore Huai Shan
Medicine product is formed into what dry powder utilized mostly.It is to be sliced RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China mostly before dry powder processed, it is dry, dry yam slice is obtained,
Yam flour is made after yam slice is crushed.Now also have and RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China be directly processed into dry RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China, after direct rehydration eat or
Person takes when medicine materical crude slice is soaked.The quality of dry RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China or powder and drying means close relation.
Convective airflow drying technical finesse RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China, in the prevalence of discoloration, serious, tissue collapse, nature and flavor are disappeared, are lost
The problems such as edible and medical value.Also a small number of manufacturing enterprises start Vacuum Freezing ＆ Drying Technology being applied to the dry of RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China
It is dry.Vacuum freeze drying is the best dry technology of drying quality generally acknowledged at present, it can retain the color of fresh material
And its nutritional ingredient, but the time needed for the high-moisture percentages materials such as RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China is handled often in 30 h or more.It is big in drying process
The refrigeration unit of power, vacuum system, heating system long time running make it is with high costs.High cost makes vacuum refrigeration
Dry technology is currently used primarily in the food of high value, and the application in general food is less.Therefore, shorten drying time
As the effective way for making Vacuum Freezing ＆ Drying Technology be widely used in food drying.
To solve the problems, such as during vacuum freeze drying drying time is long, matter heat transmit it is slow, only from considering Huai Shan
Medicine internal structure is set out, and the matter interface inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China material in drying process is accelerated in research, finds drying parameter control
Relationship between method processed and dry materials behavior, could fundamentally solve that matter heat transfer speed is slow, drying time length is asked
Topic.Dry materials behavior is controlled by the Moisture Transfer Rule inside material, and the Moisture Transfer Rule inside material can use ice sharp side
The variation of position indicates that therefore, the migration of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword is to pass to grasping Moisture Transfer Rule during observing RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China vacuum freeze-drying
Important.
At present the expensive instrument such as scanning electron microscope, micro- CT scanner are relied on when the migration of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword inside observation material
Device, and be required for take out among the material in freeze-drying process, from being fetched into and being placed on instrument, the environment temperature around material
Degree and pressure are different from cryodesiccation chamber so that ice sharp side changes, the ice sharp side position arrived so as to cause observation of use instrument and reality
Situation is not inconsistent.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device for simulating RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China internal physical characteristics and moisture distribution structure, energy
It is enough in the ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migration situation inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulating vacuum freeze-drying.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that：Ice inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying
If the device of cutting edge of a knife or a sword migration has a capillary mat of two groups of different-diameters there are one pipe along its axial parallelly distribute on inside pipe, and two
Include more capillaries in group capillary mat, it is in equilateral to be relatively large in diameter three capillaries adjacent in one group of capillary mat
Triangular pitch, each capillary in smaller one group of the capillary mat of diameter are located in each equilateral triangle length of side
Point position, each capillary is spaced apart on its whole length direction and is equipped with multiple apertures in pipe, each capillary in entire pipe
Dense packing effect has small silica gel particle between pipe, and the both ends of the surface of each capillary are concordant with the both ends of the surface of pipe, pipe and each capillary
Guan Jun is made of clear material.
In apparatus of the present invention, pipe is to simulate the crust of RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China, along two groups of its axial parallelly distribute on inside pipe
The capillary mat of different-diameter is full of small silica gel particle to mould to simulate the micro-pipe cluster inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China between capillary
The quasi- solid content skeleton organization being filled between RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China micro-pipe, has water-retaining property, silica gel particle itself not to become larger because of water suction, with
Institutional framework, which is not caved in or expanded, during vacuum freeze-drying keeps original shape consistent, and capillary is opened in the longitudinal direction
There is aperture so that the moisture in extracapillary silica gel particle also can spread in capillary, to simulate micro-pore wall in RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China
Face has biological permeability.
Using the method for above-mentioned apparatus of the present invention, include the following steps：
（1）, described device is soaked in solution, after the hole in device full of after solution, be put into instant freezer and freeze；
（2）, freeze after described device is put into cryodesiccation chamber, so that the cross section of described device and side is respectively toward to
Then one camera starts to vacuumize freeze-drying；
（3）, in freeze-drying process, against the camera recording device cross section of cross section on the position retreated of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword, it is opposite
The camera recording device of the side speed that axially upper ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword is retreated.
Above-mentioned steps（1）Described in solution be water colo(u)r aqueous solution, water colo(u)r is presented after freezing solution
Color, after distillation non-pigment deposition on such devices.Wherein, water colo(u)r has orange, lemon yellow, anthocyanidin etc., only
Meet above-mentioned requirements.As a result, after aqueous solution of the hole in device full of water colo(u)r, device and water colo(u)r
Solid colour, in freeze-drying process ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position with solution distil and change, ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position can be by water colo(u)r
Color indicates that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position is high-visible in sublimation process.Compared with micro- CT scanner, abandons and sentenced by the change of gray value
This judgment method of position at disconnected ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword distillation interface, the instruction of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword change in location are more intuitive, convenient, accurate.
Advantageous effect：
1, the device is not required to midway and takes out material, can real-time online two dimension observe RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China internal holes in entire freeze-drying process
The migration situation on ice sharp side when ice distils in road；
2, it solves the problems, such as to lead to ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword change in location because material ambient enviroment changes when observation, it can accurate observation jelly
The ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position at dry process each moment, observation result are more nearly actual conditions；
3, the device replaces the expensive equipment such as electronic scanner microscope and micro- CT scanner, can greatly save into
This；
4, in freeze-drying process, the device have the characteristics that it is transparent, without brown stain, can conveniently, it is accurate, inexpensively obtain vacuum
Ice sharp side migration situation in freeze-drying process inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China class porous media；
5, in freeze-drying process, the migration situation of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position is indicated using the color of water colo(u)r, in freeze-drying process
Ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position is high-visible, and observation result is more intuitive, accurate and convenient.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the vertical section schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
In figure label for：1, pipe, 2, small silica gel particle, 3, minor diameter capillary, 4, major diameter capillary, 5, small
Hole.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
The RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China for simulating length 2cm, diameter 2cm, outer wall is done using the thin-walled glass pipe of length 2cm, a diameter of 2cm,
Glass tube is placed on to one vertically to be had in the plane of double faced adhesive tape, then the capillary glass tube of length 3cm, a diameter of 0.8 mm are pressed
For triangular arranged in glass round tube, the length of side of each equilateral triangle is 3mm, the glass of a diameter of 0.8mm of each two
Position among capillary（The point midway of i.e. each equilateral triangle length of side）Place the glass of a root long degree 3cm, a diameter of 0.1mm
The capillary glass tube of glass capillary, every a diameter of 0.8mm is all provided with the small of a diameter of 0.15 mm every 4mm in its axial direction
The capillary glass tube in hole, every a diameter of 0.1mm is all provided with the aperture of a diameter of 0.02mm every 4mm in its axial direction, later
Small silica gel particle is filled between capillary glass tube, is compacted, is blocked capillary glass tube, make itself and glass tube peripheral wall length one
It causes.
Embodiment 2
The RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China for simulating length 2cm, diameter 3cm, outer wall is done using the thin-walled glass pipe of length 2cm, a diameter of 3cm,
Glass tube is placed on to one vertically to be had in the plane of double faced adhesive tape, then by the capillary glass tube of length 3cm, a diameter of 1mm by etc.
For side rounded projections arranged in pipe, the length of side of each equilateral triangle is 3mm, the capillary glass tube of a diameter of 1mm of each two it
Between centre position place a root long degree 3cm, a diameter of 0.3mm capillary glass tube, the capillary glass tube of every a diameter of 1mm
All the aperture of a diameter of 0.2mm is provided with every 4mm, the capillary glass tube of every a diameter of 0.3mm is in the axial direction all in the axial direction
It is provided with the aperture of a diameter of 0.03mm every 4mm, fills small silica gel particle between capillary glass tube later, is compacted, blocks
Capillary glass tube keeps it consistent with glass tube peripheral wall length.
Embodiment 3
The RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China for simulating length 2cm, diameter 4cm, outer wall is done using the thin-walled glass pipe of length 2cm, a diameter of 4cm,
Glass tube is placed on to one vertically to be had in the plane of double faced adhesive tape, then the capillary glass tube of length 3cm, a diameter of 1.5 mm are pressed
Triangular arranged is in pipe, the length of side 4mm of each equilateral triangle, the capillary glass tube of a diameter of 1.5 mm of each two
Between place the capillary glass tube of 3 cm of a root long degree, a diameter of 0.4 mm, the capillary glass tube of every a diameter of 1.5 mm exists
It all is provided with the aperture of a diameter of 0.25 mm every 4 mm in axial direction, the capillary glass tube of every a diameter of 0.4 mm is in the axial direction
It is all provided with the aperture of a diameter of 0.05mm every 5 mm, fills small silica gel particle between capillary glass tube later, is compacted, cuts
Disconnected capillary glass tube, keeps it consistent with glass tube peripheral wall length.
Simulation process is：By prepared by any of the above-described embodiment device immerse solution in, until capillary glass tube in
And the gap between silica gel particle, full of after solution, the device that will be filled with solution is put into instant freezer, freezes to -45 DEG C, then will
Device is placed in cryodesiccation chamber, so that the cross section of device is directed at a camera, side is directed at another camera, vacuumizes, makes
Freeze-drying room pressure is reduced to 10 ~ 20 Pa, in freeze-drying process, against the camera recording device cross section of cross section on ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword
The position of retreatment, against the camera recording device speed that axially upper ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword is retreated of side, to pass through two camera realities
When observation device in ice sharp side transition process.
It, can be by above-mentioned solution using water-soluble color to make the position of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword in freeze-drying process observe more accurate and convenient
The color of water colo(u)r is presented after freezing solution for the aqueous solution of element, and non-pigment deposition is on such devices after distillation.As a result,
Ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position distils with solution and is changed in freeze-drying process, and ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position is indicated by the color of water colo(u)r, distillation
Ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword position is high-visible in the process.
Claims (4)
1. simulating the device of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migration inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during vacuum freeze-drying, it is characterised in that：If there are one pipe, pipe
Inside has the capillary mat of two groups of different-diameters along its axial parallelly distribute on, includes more capillaries in two groups of capillary mats,
It is relatively large in diameter three capillaries adjacent in one group of capillary mat arrangement in equilateral triangle, smaller one group of the capillary of diameter
Each capillary in tube bundle is located at the point midway of each equilateral triangle length of side, and each capillary is in its whole length in pipe
It is spaced apart on direction and is equipped with multiple apertures, dense packing effect has small silica gel particle, each hair between each capillary in entire pipe
The both ends of the surface of tubule are concordant with the both ends of the surface of pipe, and pipe and each capillary are made of clear material.
2. the device that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The equal spaced set of aperture that each capillary opens up on its whole length direction in the pipe.
3. using the method for the device of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migration inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Include the following steps：
（1）, described device is soaked in solution, after the hole in device full of after solution, be put into instant freezer and freeze；
（2）, freeze after described device is put into cryodesiccation chamber, so that the cross section of described device and side is respectively toward to one
Then camera starts to vacuumize freeze-drying；
（3）, in freeze-drying process, against the camera recording device cross section of cross section on the position retreated of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword, against side
The camera recording device speed that axially upper ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword is retreated.
4. utilizing the side of the device of ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migration inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during the simulation vacuum freeze-drying as claimed in claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described in solution be water colo(u)r aqueous solution, water-soluble color is presented after freezing solution
The color of element, non-pigment deposits on such devices after distillation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610384639.3A CN106053518B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | The device and method that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610384639.3A CN106053518B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | The device and method that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106053518A CN106053518A (en) | 2016-10-26 |
| CN106053518B true CN106053518B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
Family
ID=57172588
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610384639.3A Expired - Fee Related CN106053518B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | The device and method that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106053518B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0975027A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-03-25 | Senba Touka Kogyo Kk | Freeze-dried tororoimo and its production |
| CN201653078U (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-11-24 | 梅州永利机械设备实业有限公司 | Fully-automatic vacuum freeze drying equipment |
| CN103005325A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-03 | 王媛媛 | Production method of freeze vacuum drying yam flour |
| CN104642960A (en) * | 2014-03-08 | 2015-05-27 | 德化县英山珍贵淮山农民合作社 | Vacuum freeze-drying apparatus used for common yam rhizome, and using method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-06-02 CN CN201610384639.3A patent/CN106053518B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0975027A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-03-25 | Senba Touka Kogyo Kk | Freeze-dried tororoimo and its production |
| CN201653078U (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-11-24 | 梅州永利机械设备实业有限公司 | Fully-automatic vacuum freeze drying equipment |
| CN103005325A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-03 | 王媛媛 | Production method of freeze vacuum drying yam flour |
| CN104642960A (en) * | 2014-03-08 | 2015-05-27 | 德化县英山珍贵淮山农民合作社 | Vacuum freeze-drying apparatus used for common yam rhizome, and using method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Experimental and simulation studies of primary vacuum freeze-drying process of random solids at microwave heating;J. F. Nastaj et al.;《International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer》;20071120;第35卷;第430-438页 * |
| 多孔介质常压冷冻干燥质热耦合传递数值模拟;任广跃等;《农业机械学报》;20160331;第47卷(第3期);第214-220页、第227页 * |
| 微波冷冻干燥传热传质模型的研究进展;闫沙沙等;《食品与机械》;20150131;第31卷(第1期);第244-248页、第256页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106053518A (en) | 2016-10-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102488732B (en) | Rapid drying processing method of American ginseng | |
| Zhang et al. | Design and performance evaluation of a pilot-scale pulsed vacuum infrared drying (PVID) system for drying of berries | |
| BRPI0811080A2 (en) | COCOA SEED AND OTHER SEED PROCESSING | |
| CN106172734B (en) | Strawberry preservation composite packaging film and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102875847B (en) | Method for drying biological cellulose hydrogel | |
| CN104642960A (en) | Vacuum freeze-drying apparatus used for common yam rhizome, and using method thereof | |
| CN105053163A (en) | All-nutritive dried saimaiti apricot and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106417566A (en) | Processing method of green healthy dried vegetable product | |
| CN106053518B (en) | The device and method that ice cutting edge of a knife or a sword migrates inside RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China during simulation vacuum freeze-drying | |
| CN102145779A (en) | Edible food packaging film | |
| CN106262076A (en) | A kind of healthy Semen Arecae processing method | |
| Demarco et al. | Production of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) powder by innovative and traditional drying techniques | |
| CN100424452C (en) | Heat pump and hot blast combined drying apparatus | |
| Akharume et al. | Recent progress on osmo-convective dehydration of fruits | |
| US2950978A (en) | Process of preparing a dry ravioli product | |
| CN204963505U (en) | Root of kudzu vine powder hot air drying device with temperature sensing function | |
| CN107279969A (en) | A kind of Edible mushroom processing method | |
| CN107014186A (en) | A kind of casing drying unit | |
| CN103931738B (en) | Ordinary-pressure low-temperature drying method of adding freezing-thawing cycle into fish fillet heat pump drying | |
| KR101434755B1 (en) | Method to manufacture fried and frozen foods and device thereof | |
| CN105918929A (en) | Salted duck egg manufacturing method | |
| CN106679380A (en) | Crop dehumidification device | |
| Fiorentini et al. | A mass-transfer model for the drying of an innovative tomato gel | |
| CN109221364A (en) | A kind of drying means of dried beef | |
| CN103549335B (en) | A kind of preparation method of preserved radish strips with thick chilli sauce |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180724 Termination date: 20190602 |