CN106053288A - Apparatus for measuring gas volatilizing flux of soil by adopting spherical passive sampler, and method thereof - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring gas volatilizing flux of soil by adopting spherical passive sampler, and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106053288A CN106053288A CN201610653466.0A CN201610653466A CN106053288A CN 106053288 A CN106053288 A CN 106053288A CN 201610653466 A CN201610653466 A CN 201610653466A CN 106053288 A CN106053288 A CN 106053288A
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- absorbing unit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of polluted place health risk assessment, and discloses an apparatus for measuring the gas volatilizing flux of soil by adopting a spherical passive sampler, and a method thereof. The apparatus for measuring the gas volatilizing flux of soil by adopting the spherical passive sampler comprises a flux measuring cavity, the spherical passive sampler and a connecting piece, and the flux measuring cavity is a semispherical structure with a sealed top and an opened bottom; and the spherical passive sampler suspends in the flux measuring cavity, the spherical passive sampler comprises a shell, an adsorption unit, a hook and a support, the shell is uniformly provided with a plurality of micro-pores, the adsorption unit is arranged in the shell, the adsorption unit is spherical, the adsorption unit is fixed to the shell through the support, the hook is fixed to the top of the shell, and the hook is connected with the shell through the connecting piece. The apparatus has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simplicity in operation, good airtight property, effective avoiding of the influences of environment factors, high test precision, and reflection of the practical gas volatilization condition of soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contaminated site health risk assessment field, particularly relate to a kind of for hypotonicity place soil
The device of gaseous volatilization flux mensuration and assay method.
Background technology
At present the organic pollution in the soil of place is mainly derived from three below aspect: first, chemical plant, insecticide factory etc.
Pollution by Chemicals enterprise, the raw material caused in transit at workshop, subpackage workshop, drug stock control warehouse and on-site and medicine
Product are revealed, and the raw material that discharges of the industry such as printing, building materials, spraying and waste water；Second, oil exploration and exploitation, store with
In transportation, owing to misoperation or accident reveal the oil discharge or excessive caused；3rd, oil, Chemical Manufacture district, add
Landing oil, the discharge of oil-containing production waste and the seepage of oil pipeline that the ground such as petrol station are formed.Wherein, organic contamination is lasting with it
Property, high toxicity, characteristic of concentration, mobility be characterized, can long-term accumulated, be difficult to removed by natural degradation process, also can be at nature
Or move in other environment under the conditions of artificial, hazardness is very big.
The most domestic gas well is mainly set up for the collection of volatile organic contaminant in contaminated site, then use vacuum
Volatile organic matter gas (SOIL GAS) in well is extracted into air sampling tank or equipped with in the adsorption tube of adsorbent by pump.Due to
It needs extra electric power, complex operation, and equipment is complicated, can only gather the sample of short time, cost intensive, therefore it is gathering soil
Earth gas increasingly exposes its drawback.At present, although the external Passive sampler promoted can gather long sample, operation
Simply, low cost, but its concentration calculated is it is to be appreciated that sampler absorption rate accurately, and the absorption speed that sampler is actual
Rate can be affected by place various factors simultaneously, therefore the concentration using Passive sampler to record also can exist certain deviation.Right
For health risk assessment, flux can also be utilized to calculate in addition to concentration calculates.Collection the most on the market
The device of SOIL GAS volatilization flux needs extra electric power, and device is complicated, loaded down with trivial details, there is air-tightness poor, and adsorbent is easily by soil
The shortcoming of earth moisture impact, simultaneously because employ extra external force accelerate volatilization flux that gaseous volatilization causes calculating can not
React real situation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of simple in construction, low cost, easy and simple to handle, air-tightness good, can be prevented effectively from environmental factors
Impact, measuring accuracy is high, and the employing spherical passive sample devices survey soil gas that can react soil gas actual volatilization situation is waved
Send out device and the assay method of flux.
Solving the technical problem that and include: the dynamical system that the active harvester needs of gas are extra, device is complicated, cost
Height, operation inconvenience, air-tightness is poor, and measuring accuracy is easily affected by Environmental Water；The passive of gas gathers easily by environment
The impact of middle complicated factor, easily there is deviation in the concentration calculating gas.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
The spherical passive sample devices of the present invention, including housing, absorbing unit, hook and support, described housing is evenly distributed with
Multiple micropores, hook is fixed on case top, and enclosure interior has absorbing unit, described absorbing unit to be sphere, absorbing unit
Fixed with housing by support.
The spherical passive sample devices of the present invention, further, described housing is sphere, and housing selects water proofing property micropore material
Material is made.
The spherical passive sample devices of the present invention, further, described housing is selected polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), is gathered
Vinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) co-polymer (ABS) are made.
The spherical passive sample devices of the present invention, further, described housing includes upper shell and lower house, upper shell and under
Shell border side is flexibly connected by loose-leaf, and lower house edge is provided with spill draw-in groove, and upper shell correspondence position is provided with and spill
The Elastic buckle that draw-in groove clamping seals, lower house edge is provided around seal washer.
The spherical passive sample devices of the present invention, further, described support is column structure, and number of holders is 4-8, edge
Spherical uniform is distributed.
The spherical passive sample devices of the present invention, further, described support (4) is fixing with housing (1) to be connected, and passes through support
(4) absorbing unit (2) is fixed in the extruding between.
The present invention use spherical passive sample devices survey soil gas volatilization flux device, including flux test cavity,
Spherical passive sample devices and connector, described flux test cavity is the hemispherical configuration of top seal, lower openings；Flux
Be hung with spherical passive sample devices in test chamber body, described spherical passive sample devices include housing, absorbing unit, hook and
Support, described housing is evenly distributed with multiple micropore, and enclosure interior has absorbing unit, described absorbing unit to be sphere, inhales
Coupon unit is fixed with housing by support, and described hook is fixed on case top, links up with and tests cavity by connector with flux
Connect.
The present invention uses spherical passive sample devices to survey the device of soil gas volatilization flux, further, described flux
Test cavity selects stainless steel to make.
The present invention uses the method that spherical passive sample devices measures soil gas volatilization flux, comprises the following steps:
Step one, field device are arranged:
The topsoil of position, monitoring point selected by place to be measured is removed by S1, exposes burnishing surface；
S2 arranges respective groove according to the Outside Dimensions of flux test cavity around monitoring point, and gash depth is 4-7cm；
Spherical passive sample devices is hung in flux test chamber body by S3, makes spherical passive sample devices be positioned in monitoring point
Position, centre, the edge that flux is tested cavity inserts described in S2 in groove, buries by overburden soil packing envelope；
Step 2, the volatile contaminant gathered in soil gas:
According to the actual requirements, determine the sampling time, and within the sampling time determined, gather the volatile contaminant in soil gas
Thing；
The mensuration of step 3, soil gas volatilization flux:
S1 gas collecting takes out spherical passive sample devices after terminating, take out absorbing unit, contains in sealing in container；
Absorbing unit is sent laboratory to carry out detection by quantitative by S2, and uses below equation calculating soil gas volatilization flux:
In formula: Flux is soil gas volatilization flux (mg/m2Min)；
M is the quality (mg) of the gas of absorption in absorbing unit；
T is sampling time (min)；
A flux test cavity and the area (m of ground contact surface2)。
The present invention uses the method that spherical passive sample devices measures soil gas volatilization flux, further, step 3
S1 in, take out after absorbing unit, be put in glass container sealings, outside is again with polyethylene bags heat-sealing.
The present invention uses spherical passive sample devices to survey apparatus and method and the prior art phase of soil gas volatilization flux
Ratio, has the advantages that
The spherical passive sample devices of the present invention, without extra power, absorbs soil volatilization gas naturally, the suction that housing is internal with it
Coupon unit is detachable design, can be different according to the classification of monitoring gas, changes the absorbing unit of unlike material at any time, operation
Convenient；Spherical passive sample devices and absorbing unit are sphere design so that adsorbing material and the contact surface of volatilization gas
Maximize, improve the adsorption efficiency of harvester；The case material of spherical passive sample devices is that waterproof plastic material is made, and
It is evenly distributed with multiple micropore on housing, Environmental Water can be avoided while improving the absorption efficiency of volatile organic matter
Impact so that monitoring result is more accurate.
The device that the present invention uses spherical passive sample devices to survey soil gas volatilization flux uses the cavity of stainless steel,
The spherical passive sample devices of detachable hang, forms an airtight space with monitoring land smoothing face, and the hemisphere of cavity sets
Meter, improves the air-tightness of device, it is to avoid the ambient environmental factors impact on monitoring；Use spherical passive sample devices collection
Soil gas, during do not add any external force, the gaseous volatilization flux so recorded, can be organic in actual response soil
The actual volatilization situation of thing gas, it is to avoid by calculating the flux error that correction brings when applying external force；Assay device structures
Simply, portable, easy to operate, range is extensive, and the flux monitoring of the soil gas being applicable under various environment, in big face
Contamination dye place can be greatly reduced equipment cost and cost of labor in using.
The method that the present invention uses spherical passive sample devices to measure soil gas volatilization flux uses the simplest, directly
Mode, is calculated gaseous volatilization flux, and the actual volatilization situation of organic gas in actual response soil, not over being
The modes such as number correction carry out theoretic realityization, and result is accurately and reliably；In Polluted area can be gathered more representative, more
The volatile organic gas sample of truth can be reflected, make the investigation of contaminated site and risk assessment is more objective, science, meet
Contaminated site carried out the needs of more objective pollution survey and health risk assessment.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is used spherical passive sample devices survey soil gas volatilization flux device and
Assay method is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the profile of the spherical passive sample devices of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention uses the device of spherical passive sample devices survey soil gas volatilization flux；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the spherical passive sample devices of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
1-housing；11-upper shell；12-lower house；13-loose-leaf；14-seal washer；15-spill draw-in groove；16-elastic card
Button；2-absorbing unit；3-links up with；4-support；5-flux test cavity；The spherical passive sample devices of 6-；7-connector；8-is smooth
Face；9-groove；81-overburden soil.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the spherical passive sample devices of the present invention includes housing 1, absorbing unit 2, hook 3 and support
4, housing 1 is sphere, and housing 1 includes that upper shell 11 and lower house 12, upper shell 11 and side, lower house 12 edge are by living
Page 13 is flexibly connected, and lower house 12 edge is provided with spill draw-in groove 15, and upper shell 11 correspondence position is provided with and spill draw-in groove 15 clamping
The Elastic buckle 16 sealed, lower house 12 edge is provided around seal washer 14, and housing 1 is evenly distributed with multiple micropore, shell
Body 1 selects water proofing property poromerics to make, as selected polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene
Or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) co-polymer (ABS) is made (PS), hook 3 is fixed on housing 1 top, and housing 1 is internal to be had
Absorbing unit 2 and support 4, support 4 is column structure, and the quantity of support 4 shown in Fig. 3 is 6, the most uniformly
Distribution, is furnished with fore-stock, after-poppet, left socle, right support and lower carriage in lower house (12), be furnished with and prop up in upper shell (11)
Frame, support 4 is fixing with housing 1 to be connected, and fixes absorbing unit 2 by the extruding between support 4, and absorbing unit 2 is sphere.
Absorbing unit 2 is mainly used in adsorbing the organic pollution evaporated in soil, and its selection is mainly for monitoring
Depending on the classification of target substance, for common volatile organic matter or benzene homologues, absorbing unit 2 can use activated carbon,
Carbograph, Anasorb 747 or Anasorb 727, for phenolic compound, absorbing unit 2 can use Tenaxe TA,
For 1,3-butadiene/isoprene, absorbing unit 2 can use Carbopack X, other specific compounds, all can be according to existing
There is technology, select and there is targetedly, have the adsorbing material of higher adsorption effect as absorbing unit 2.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the device that the present invention uses spherical passive sample devices to survey soil gas volatilization flux includes flux
Test cavity 5, spherical passive sample devices 6 and connector 7, flux test cavity 5 be top seal, lower openings hemispherical
Structure, flux test cavity 5 selects stainless steel to make；It is hung with spherical passive sample devices 6 in flux test cavity 5,
As it is shown in figure 1, spherical passive sample devices 6 includes housing 1, absorbing unit 2, hook 3 and support 4, housing 1 is sphere, shell
Being evenly distributed with multiple micropore on body 1, housing 1 selects water proofing property poromerics to make, as selected polyethylene (PE), polypropylene
(PP), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) co-polymer (ABS) make, housing 1
Inside has absorbing unit 2, absorbing unit 2 to be sphere, and absorbing unit 2 is fixed with housing 1 by support 4, support 4 shown in Fig. 3
Quantity is 6, is the most front and back uniformly distributed, and hook 3 is fixed on housing 1 top, and hook 3 is that U-shaped is linked up with, and passes through
Connector 7 removably connects with flux test cavity 5.
The method that the present invention uses spherical passive sample devices to measure soil gas volatilization flux comprises the following steps:
Step one, field device are arranged:
The topsoil of position, monitoring point selected by place to be measured is removed by S1, exposes burnishing surface 8；
S2 arranges respective groove 9 according to the Outside Dimensions of flux test cavity 5 around monitoring point, and groove 9 degree of depth is 4-7cm；
Absorbing unit 2 is placed on the support 4 of lower house 12 by S3, covers tightly upper shell 11 and lower house 12, is adopted by spherical passive type
Sample device 6 hangs in flux test cavity 5, makes spherical passive sample devices 6 be positioned at the middle position of monitoring point, is tested by flux
The edge of cavity 5 inserts in groove 9, buries by overburden soil 81 packing envelope；The material of absorbing unit 2 is according to volatilization to be monitored
The classification of contact scar thing selects；
Step 2, the volatile contaminant gathered in soil gas:
According to the actual requirements, determine the sampling time, and within the sampling time determined, gather the volatile contaminant in soil gas
Thing；
The mensuration of step 3, soil gas volatilization flux:
S1 gas collecting takes out spherical passive sample devices 6 after terminating, take out absorbing unit 2, be put in glass container close
Envelope, outside seals with polyethylene bags again；
Absorbing unit 2 is sent laboratory to carry out detection by quantitative by S2, and uses below equation calculating soil gas volatilization flux:
In formula: Flux is soil gas volatilization flux (mg/m2Min)；
M is the quality (mg) of the gas of absorption in absorbing unit 2；
T is sampling time (min)；
A flux test the cavity 5 and area (m of ground contact surface2)。
Embodiment described above is only to be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the not model to the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of designing spirit without departing from the present invention, the those of ordinary skill in the art technical side to the present invention
Various deformation that case is made and improvement, all should fall in the protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (10)
- The most spherical passive sample devices, it is characterised in that: include housing (1), absorbing unit (2), hook (3) and support (4), institute Stating and be evenly distributed with multiple micropore on housing (1), hook (3) is fixed on housing (1) top, and housing (1) is internal absorbing unit (2), described absorbing unit (2) is sphere, and absorbing unit (2) is fixed with housing (1) by support (4).
- Spherical passive sample devices the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described housing (1) is sphere, housing (1) water proofing property poromerics is selected to make.
- Spherical passive sample devices the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described housing (1) selects polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) co-polymer (ABS) Make.
- Spherical passive sample devices the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described housing (1) includes upper shell (11) it is flexibly connected by loose-leaf (13) with lower house (12), upper shell (11) and lower house (12) side, edge, lower house (12) edge is provided with spill draw-in groove (15), and upper shell (11) correspondence position is provided with the elastic card sealed with spill draw-in groove (15) clamping Button (16), lower house (12) edge is provided around seal washer (14).
- The spherical passive sample devices of employing the most according to claim 4 surveys the device of soil gas volatilization flux, its feature Being: described support (4) is column structure, support (4) quantity is 4-8, is globally uniformly distributed.
- The spherical passive sample devices of employing the most according to claim 5 surveys the device of soil gas volatilization flux, its feature It is: described support (4) is fixing with housing (1) to be connected, and fixes absorbing unit (2) by the extruding between support (4).
- 7. use the spherical passive sample devices described in claim 1-6 any one to measure the dress of soil gas volatilization flux Put, it is characterised in that: including flux test cavity (5), spherical passive sample devices (6) and connector (7), described flux is tested Cavity (5) is the hemispherical configuration of top seal, lower openings；The sampling of spherical passive type it is hung with in flux test cavity (5) Device (6), described spherical passive sample devices (6) includes housing (1), absorbing unit (2), hook (3) and support (4), described shell Being evenly distributed with multiple micropore on body (1), housing (1) inside has absorbing unit (2), described absorbing unit (2) to be sphere, inhales Coupon unit (2) is fixed with housing (1) by support (4), and described hook (3) is fixed on housing (1) top, and hook (3) is by even Fitting (7) is connected with flux test cavity (5).
- The spherical passive sample devices of employing the most according to claim 7 surveys the device of soil gas volatilization flux, its feature It is: described flux test cavity (5) selects stainless steel to make.
- 9. utilize the spherical passive sample devices that uses described in claim 7 to survey the mensuration side of device of soil gas volatilization flux Method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:Step one, field device are arranged:The topsoil of position, monitoring point selected by place to be measured is removed by S1, exposes burnishing surface (8)；S2 is according to Outside Dimensions layout respective groove (9) of flux test cavity (5) around monitoring point, and groove (9) degree of depth is 4-7cm；Spherical passive sample devices (6) is hung in flux test cavity (5) by S3, makes spherical passive sample devices (6) be positioned at The middle position of monitoring point, tests flux groove (9) described in the edge insertion S2 of cavity (5) interior, fills out with overburden soil (81) Sealing is buried；Step 2, the volatile contaminant gathered in soil gas:According to the actual requirements, determine the sampling time, and within the sampling time determined, gather the volatile contaminant in soil gas Thing；The mensuration of step 3, soil gas volatilization flux:S1 gas collecting takes out spherical passive sample devices (6) after terminating, take out absorbing unit (2), contains in sealing container In；Absorbing unit (2) is sent laboratory to carry out detection by quantitative by S2, and uses below equation calculating soil gas volatilization flux:In formula: Flux is soil gas volatilization flux (mg/m2Min)；M is the quality (mg) of the gas of absorption in absorbing unit；T is sampling time (min)；A flux test cavity (5) and the area (m of ground contact surface2)。
- The spherical passive sample devices of employing the most according to claim 9 measures the method for soil gas volatilization flux, and it is special Levying and be: in the S1 of step 3, after taking out absorbing unit (2), be put in glass container sealing, outside is again with Polythene Bag Son heat-sealing.
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| CN108871876A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-11-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | For monitoring the gas production column of injection gas displacement well site aerated zone soil carbon dioxide flux |
| CN111272948A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-12 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院 | Carbon dioxide flux testing device and method for representing natural attenuation process of pollutants |
| CN112462004A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Volatile substance detection device and method |
| CN112684072A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-20 | 北京工业大学 | Volatilization flux test and risk assessment of benzene in gas-enclosed zone soil gas |
| CN112892485A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-06-04 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心 | Adsorbent for passive sampling of soil gas and preparation and use methods thereof |
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| CN112684072A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-20 | 北京工业大学 | Volatilization flux test and risk assessment of benzene in gas-enclosed zone soil gas |
| CN113029850A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-25 | 温氏食品集团股份有限公司 | Device and method for measuring relative water evaporation capacity of surface of fermentation material |
| CN116679030B (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-10-31 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心 | System and method for measuring field characteristic adsorption rate of soil gas passive sampler |
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