CN106052382B - 铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉 - Google Patents

铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉 Download PDF

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CN106052382B
CN106052382B CN201610446260.0A CN201610446260A CN106052382B CN 106052382 B CN106052382 B CN 106052382B CN 201610446260 A CN201610446260 A CN 201610446260A CN 106052382 B CN106052382 B CN 106052382B
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furnace body
transmission device
precision
aluminum alloy
control arm
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CN106052382A (zh
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李贤君
张文良
张超纲
巫小林
赵海泓
王占军
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Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/243—Endless-strand conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B2009/3607—Heaters located above the track of the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
    • F27M2001/01—Charges containing mainly non-ferrous metals
    • F27M2001/012—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
    • F27M2001/15—Composition, conformation or state of the charge characterised by the form of the articles
    • F27M2001/1539—Metallic articles
    • F27M2001/156—Flat articles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉，包括炉体，炉体的顶壁设有循环风机，炉体的底壁设有传动装置，炉体的一端设有炉门，炉体内设有加热器和温控系统，炉体内设有分散式导流风道，分散式导流风道包括设于加热器下方且在传动装置上方的多个导风通道，传动装置设有精确定位机构。传动装置设有检测装置和编码器组成闭环式的控制单元。温控系统包括模块式三点联合温控单元。精确定位机构包括三套互为自锁式的动作控制单元。能够实现铝合金在400‑600℃的温度范围内稳定实现±3‑±5℃的加热与控制；工件定位误差控制在±1mm以内，满足生产线的高精度定位要求。可以用于乘用车铝合金控制臂热高精度加热。

Description

铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉
技术领域
本发明涉及一种乘用车尤其是高档轿车前后轮的悬架系统中应用的铝合金结构件控制臂的加热装备，尤其涉及一种铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉。
背景技术
乘用车悬挂系统的控制臂一般用铸钢、铸铝或板焊结构件制造，由于其在使用过程中不断处于交变载荷、易产生疲劳断裂，采用以上传统工艺制造的悬挂结构件中重量较重，不利于汽车轻量化和降低能耗，急需做减重化处理。
铝合金是优质的结构件材料，尤其是6XXX系列制造的铝合金零件，屈强比高，且重量较轻，乘用车悬架系统中的控制臂等如果使用这些铝合金做结构件，与钢制件比可以减轻约40％的重量，对乘用车的减重、省油以及减排都有突出的作用。
铝合金控制臂是汽车中的安全件，因其使用条件严苛，要求其性能均匀、屈强比高，这就要求有高精度的加热装备。6系列铝合金在成型前加热以及成型后的热处理时对加热温度和传动精度都要求极严。
首先，需要将加热温度控制在±3-±5℃范围内，这就要求将整个加热炉的导风系统、传送装置、控制方法等多个方面做专门研究与设计，以实现铝合金在400-600℃的温度范围内稳定实现±3-±5℃的加热与控制。现有技术中，传统炉内的搅拌系统一般是顶部布置搅拌风机和叶片，在风机叶片下部的炉内两侧设计导风板，此结构对炉体稍宽的炉膛宽度方向上不可避免产生风量不均，造成炉中部到边部加热不均；
其次，为了满足自动化生产需要，要求在加热传送的工艺过程中，工件定位准确，其定位误差需控制在±1mm以内，这就要求其传送结构稳定结构、传送时的定位变形准确，否则，不能实现连续自动化的生产。
现有技术中，一般的传送带传动或变频或采用红外的测量方法，不能保证工件在出炉一侧的位置精度。由于定位精度不准，导致机器人无法实施抓取料等动作，造成生产线不能按节拍连续进行。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种温控及定位精确、自动化程度高的铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明的铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉，包括炉体，所述炉体的顶壁设有循环风机，所述炉体的底壁设有传动装置，所述炉体的一端设有炉门，所述炉体内设有加热器和温控系统，所述炉体内设有分散式导流风道，所述分散式导流风道包括设于加热器下方且在传动装置上方的多个导风通道，所述传动装置设有精确定位机构。
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供的铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉，采用先进的导风系统，传送装备以及改进后的控制方法，能够实现铝合金在400-600℃的温度范围内稳定实现±3-±5℃的加热与控制；采用新颖的定位结构和先进的控制系统，使工件定位误差控制在±1mm以内，满足生产线的高精度定位要求。可以用于乘用车铝合金控制臂热高精度加热，用于铝合金控制臂锻前加热和锻后热处理工艺过程。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉的结构示意图。
图中：1、炉体 2、导风风道 3、循环风机 4、加热器 5、传动装置 6、炉门、7电控系统
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例作进一步地详细描述。
本发明的铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉，其较佳的具体实施方式是：
包括炉体，所述炉体的顶壁设有循环风机，所述炉体的底壁设有传动装置，所述炉体的一端设有炉门，所述炉体内设有加热器和温控系统，所述炉体内设有分散式导流风道，所述分散式导流风道包括设于加热器下方且在传动装置上方的多个导风通道，所述传动装置设有精确定位机构。
所述的传动装置设有检测装置和编码器，所述检测装置与编码器组成闭环式的控制单元。
所述温控系统包括模块式三点联合温控单元。
所述的精确定位机构包括三套互为自锁式的动作控制单元。
本发明的铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉，采用先进的导风系统，传送装备以及改进后的控制方法，能够实现铝合金在400-600℃的温度范围内稳定实现±3-±5℃的加热与控制；采用新颖的定位结构和先进的控制系统，使工件定位误差控制在±1mm以内，满足生产线的高精度定位要求。可以用于乘用车铝合金控制臂热高精度加热，用于铝合金控制臂锻前加热和锻后热处理工艺过程。
具体实施例：
如图1所示，加热炉导风系统是变传统的整体搅拌系统为先进的分散式导流风道。
本发明中，分散式导流风道通过设计有专门的导风通道，控制导流角度将叶轮产生的风均匀分配到多风道内，再由该风道内的多个出风口将热风吹到铝合金加热件上，通过合理的设计将风量、风压、分散，从而避免产生风量不均，由±5℃提高到±3℃，保证了工件加热的均匀性。
本发明中，传动装置将传统检测与编码器联合，组成一套闭环式的精确控制系统，通过旋转编码器实时反馈电机运行位置，与变频器设定参数进行比较,使每一次传动都在精确的闭环与微量修正下进行，做到定位的精确度为±0.5-0.7mm，使机器人能够顺利完成抓取料，提高生产线自动化程度，保证生产线按节拍进行。
本发明中，提供的控温系统由传统的单点控温更换为3点控温。在控温过程中，实时获取3个控温点，并将3点温度做逻辑运算，将运算后的平均值与设定炉温进行比较，结合PID自整定运算再进行控制输出，从而做到精确控温。同时使用控温模块代替仪表，实时传输输出信号，提高PID运算精度。通过调整控温方式，使铝合金工件在400-600℃的温度范围内，实现±3-±5℃的加热控制。
本发明中，精确定位机构是指设计独特的传送机构和三套互为自锁式的动作控制系统。通过对工件的输送结构进行精确设计，在传统的传送结构基础上增加定位槽，保证定位的精准。控制部分在传统的位置检测基础上增加减速位，并结合位置编码系统，避免机械振动、电气干扰、移动制动频繁、打滑等现象造成的定位偏差，保证定位误差在±1mm以内，满足自动化生产的高位置精度要求。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (1)

1.一种铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉，其特征在于，包括炉体，所述炉体的顶壁设有循环风机，所述炉体的底壁设有传动装置，所述炉体的一端设有炉门，所述炉体内设有加热器和温控系统，所述炉体内设有分散式导流风道，所述分散式导流风道包括设于加热器下方且在传动装置上方的多个导风通道，所述传动装置设有精确定位机构；
所述的传动装置设有检测装置和编码器，所述检测装置与编码器组成闭环式的控制单元；
所述温控系统包括模块式三点联合温控单元；
所述的精确定位机构包括三套互为自锁式的动作控制单元。
CN201610446260.0A 2016-06-20 2016-06-20 铝合金控制臂高精度加热炉 Expired - Fee Related CN106052382B (zh)

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DE8915647U1 (de) * 1989-03-21 1990-12-13 Reinbold, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 5200 Siegburg Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Monofilen
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CN2791068Y (zh) * 2005-05-31 2006-06-28 孔可强 滚道式铝合金淬火炉
JP4342587B2 (ja) * 2007-11-05 2009-10-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 搬送部位置決め方法、及び搬送装置
CN202092457U (zh) * 2011-05-17 2011-12-28 黄冈市华窑中洲窑炉有限公司 热风循环炉风力均分装置
CN102586553B (zh) * 2012-03-15 2014-07-16 重庆飞达电炉有限公司 高精度钛合金电阻加热炉
CN203432300U (zh) * 2013-08-30 2014-02-12 黄冈市中洲安达热工设备有限公司 隧道窑热风循环装置
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CN205156563U (zh) * 2015-12-01 2016-04-13 苏州工业园区姑苏科技有限公司 蜂窝型催化剂连续干燥炉

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