CN106048248A - Method for treating waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents
Method for treating waste incineration fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN106048248A CN106048248A CN201610527916.1A CN201610527916A CN106048248A CN 106048248 A CN106048248 A CN 106048248A CN 201610527916 A CN201610527916 A CN 201610527916A CN 106048248 A CN106048248 A CN 106048248A
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- Prior art keywords
- lead
- furnace
- incineration
- slag
- fuming
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Pb] LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069428 antacid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003159 antacid agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052960 marcasite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/48—Sulfur dioxide; Sulfurous acid
- C01B17/50—Preparation of sulfur dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
- C01B17/74—Preparation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G9/03—Processes of production using dry methods, e.g. vapour phase processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating waste incineration fly ash. The method comprises: (1), mixing waste incineration fly ash with a lead-containing raw material and pelletizing so as to obtain mixed aggregates; (2), supplying the mixed aggregates to an oxidizing furnace to carry out oxidizing smelting treatment so as to obtain smoke with a high SO2 concentration, coarse lead and oxidized slags; (3), supplying the oxidized slags to a reducing furnace to carry out reducing smelting treatment so as to obtain coarse lead and zinc-containing slags; and (4), supplying the zinc-containing slags to a fuming furnace to carry out fuming treatment so as to obtain zinc oxide smoke dust and harmless slags. According to the method, by using the waste incineration fly ash as a solvent in the smelting process of the lead-containing raw material, the harmless and resourceful treatment of the waste incineration fly ash can be realized, and at the same time, the lead smelting cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method processing incineration of refuse flyash.
Background technology
The domestic waste of World Developed Countries is many to be disposed in the way of burning, and China is then main with landfill disposal
It is main.Along with the raising of urban modernization degree, " " 12 " National urban domestic garbage was harmlessly treated Facilities Construction is advised
Draw " propose by 2015, whole nation application of city life garbage burning disposal facility ability reach the 35% of harmless treatment total capacity with
On, garbage power treatment scale needs about 30.7 ten thousand tons of days at the end of day rising to 2015 end of the year 2010 8.96 ten thousand tons, is combined in year
Rate of increase reaches 28%.China Urban Rubbish Disposal be in from landfill be main to based on burn transitional period.Tentatively
Calculate, it is contemplated that incineration of refuse flyash about 3,000,000 tons can be produced every year.
Incineration of refuse flyash main component has CaO, CaSO4、SiO2、Al2O3, MgO, heavy metal Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn
And two English etc..Because it contains two English and heavy metal, all process as hazardous solid waste both at home and abroad.At present
The method of domestic disposal incineration of refuse flyash is mainly chelating agen+cement solidification landfill, and small part uses the collaborative process of cement kiln,
Developed countries uses ash melting vitrification to process.
Chelating agen+cement solidification landfill cost is relatively low, but there is the problems such as landfill occupation of land, the wasting of resources；Cement kiln is worked in coordination with
Process need to remove the Cl in flying dust in advance, to avoid affecting cement quality, the most relatively costly, there is heavy metal to cement simultaneously
The impact of quality；Ash melting is relatively advanced, but cost is of a relatively high.
Therefore, the technology of existing process incineration of refuse flyash is further improved with perfect.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that one of technical problem solved the most to a certain extent in correlation technique.To this end, the present invention
One purpose is to propose a kind of method processing incineration of refuse flyash, and the method can realize the innoxious of incineration of refuse flyash
And recycling treatment.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method processing incineration of refuse flyash.According to the present invention
Embodiment, described method includes:
(1) by incineration of refuse flyash and raw material containing lead mixing granulation, in order to obtain mixing pellet；
(2) supply of described mixing pellet is carried out oxidizing semlting process to oxidation furnace, in order to obtain containing high concentration SO2Cigarette
Gas, lead bullion and oxidation slag；
(3) supply of described oxidation slag is carried out reduction melting process to reduction furnace, in order to obtain lead bullion and the stove on zinc
Slag；And
(4) the described supply containing zinc furnace cinder is carried out fuming process to fuming furnace, in order to obtain zinc oxide fumes and harmless
Change slag.
Thus, according to embodiments of the present invention process incineration of refuse flyash method by using incineration of refuse flyash as containing
The flux of leady raw materials smelting process uses, and is possible not only to the flux cost significantly reducing in lead smelting process, and can save
Two English in incineration of refuse flyash, simultaneously in subsequent processes, can fully be decomposed by the expense that flying dust is individually disposed,
And with the heavy metal in efficient recovery flying dust, thus can be possible not only to effectively process harmful substance, and can avoid in the past
The serious waste of the resource that employing landfill causes, and then realize resource and the harmless treatment of incineration of refuse flyash, have huge
Big economic benefit and social benefit.
It addition, the method for process incineration of refuse flyash according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional
Technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, described raw material containing lead be in lead concentrate, lead plaster and lead smelting gas etc. extremely
Few one.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), described incineration of refuse flyash is pressed with described raw material containing lead
It is (1～5) according to mass ratio: 100 carry out mixing granulation.
In some embodiments of the invention, described oxidizing semlting processes, described reduction melting processes and at described fuming
The temperature of reason is separately not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method for described process incineration of refuse flyash farther includes: (5) are by described
Containing high concentration SO2Flue gas supply prepares sulphuric acid to sulfuric acid treatment operation.Thus, it is possible to make the S in flying dust be fully used.
In some embodiments of the invention, when described containing high concentration SO2Mercury in flue gas content is higher than 30mg/Nm3Time,
By described containing high concentration SO2Before flue gas supply prepares sulphuric acid to sulfuric acid treatment operation, set up hydrargyrum retracting device, to ensure sulphuric acid
Meet the requirements.
In some embodiments of the invention, described oxidation furnace, described reduction furnace and described fuming furnace are separately
Top blast stove, side-blown converter or bottom convertor.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part be given in the following description, and part will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from combining the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment and will become
Substantially with easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram processing incineration of refuse flyash according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram processing incineration of refuse flyash according to further embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most from start to finish
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment that figure describes is exemplary, it is intended to is used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Inventor completes the present invention based on following discovery: incineration of refuse flyash main component has CaO, CaSO4、SiO2、
Al2O3, MgO, heavy metal Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn and two English etc..Because it contains two English and heavy metal, the most all
Process as hazardous solid waste.The method of current domestic disposal incineration of refuse flyash is mainly chelating agen+cement
Solidification landfill, small part uses the collaborative process of cement kiln, and developed countries uses ash melting vitrification to process.Chelating agen+
Cement solidification landfill cost is relatively low, but there is the problems such as landfill occupation of land, the wasting of resources；Cement kiln is worked in coordination with process and need to be removed in advance and fly
Cl in ash, to avoid affecting cement quality, the most relatively costly, there is the heavy metal impact on Cement Quality simultaneously；Lime-ash
Melted relatively advanced, but cost is of a relatively high, and still need to consider its resource further.The present inventor is by rubbish
The process technique of flying ash is tried to explore, it is intended to solve defect of the prior art, it is achieved the nothing of incineration of refuse flyash
Evilization and recycling treatment.
In consideration of it, in one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method processing incineration of refuse flyash.According to
Embodiments of the invention, the method includes: (1) is by incineration of refuse flyash and raw material containing lead mixing granulation, in order to obtain mangcorn
Material；(2) supply of described mixing pellet is carried out oxidizing semlting process to oxidation furnace, in order to obtain containing high concentration SO2Flue gas, thick
Lead and oxidation slag；(3) supply of described oxidation slag is carried out reduction melting process to reduction furnace, in order to obtain lead bullion and contain
Zinc furnace cinder；And the described supply containing zinc furnace cinder is carried out fuming process to fuming furnace by (4), in order to obtain zinc oxide fumes and nothing
Evilization slag.Inventor finds, by being used as the flux of raw material containing lead smelting process by incineration of refuse flyash, is possible not only to
Significantly reduce the flux cost in lead smelting process, and the expense that flying dust is individually disposed can be saved, simultaneously in processing procedure
In, two English in incineration of refuse flyash fully can be decomposed, and can be with the heavy metal in efficient recovery flying dust, thus not
Only can effectively process harmful substance, and the serious waste of the resource in the past using landfill to cause can be avoided, and then realize
The resource of incineration of refuse flyash and harmless treatment, have huge economic benefit and social benefit.
The method that the embodiment of the present invention processes incineration of refuse flyash below with reference to Fig. 1 is described in detail.According to this
Inventive embodiment, the method includes:
S100: by incineration of refuse flyash and raw material containing lead mixing granulation
According to embodiments of the invention, by incineration of refuse flyash and raw material containing lead mixing granulation, such that it is able to mixed
Pellet.Inventor finds, by being used as the flux of raw material containing lead smelting process by incineration of refuse flyash, is possible not only to notable
Reduce the flux cost in lead smelting process, and the expense that flying dust is individually disposed can be saved, simultaneously in processing procedure, can
So that two English in incineration of refuse flyash are fully decomposed, and with the heavy metal in efficient recovery flying dust, thus can not only may be used
Effectively to process harmful substance, and the serious waste of the resource in the past using landfill to cause can be avoided, and then realize rubbish
The resource of flying ash and harmless treatment, have huge economic benefit and social benefit.
According to one embodiment of present invention, raw material containing lead can be in lead concentrate, lead plaster and lead smelting gas etc. extremely
Few one.Concrete, the elementary composition of raw material containing lead includes Pb, Zn, Cu, S, Fe, Si, Ca, Cd, Hg, Cr, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au
Deng, leady raw materials is different, and each constituent content is different, but mainly contains Pb, Zn, Cu, S, Fe, Si, Ca.
According to still a further embodiment, in this step, the mixed proportion of incineration of refuse flyash and raw material containing lead is also
Being not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, and rubbish
Rubbish flying ash and raw material containing lead can be (1～5) according to mass ratio: 100 carry out mixing granulation.Inventor finds, flying dust adds
Add too little or too much, all affect lead and smelt and produce, and use the mixed proportion gained oxidation furnace slag viscosity of the application the suitableeest
Preferably.
S200: the supply of mixing pellet is carried out oxidizing semlting process to oxidation furnace
According to embodiments of the invention, mixing pellet above-mentioned steps obtained supply is carried out at oxidation to oxidation furnace
Reason, such that it is able to obtain containing high concentration SO2Flue gas, lead bullion and oxidation slag.Concrete, during being somebody's turn to do, the chemistry in oxidation furnace
Reaction is mainly oxygen and the oxidation reaction of PbS and the cross reaction of PbO Yu PbS: PbS+3/2O2=PbO+SO2, Pb+1/2O2=
PbO, 2PbO+PbS=3Pb+SO2, after lead liquid is formed, lead is as the oxidation reaction of carrier generation lead, and with Fe7S8、FeS2's
Oxidation and slag making reaction.Lead in lead-containing material is only capable of smelting a part, major part lead in oxidation furnace in other words
With PbO and Fe2O3、SiO2, FeO, ZnO, CaO etc. form low melting eutectics or fusant, i.e. molten bullion mutually, flying dust main component is
CaO、CaSO4、SiO2、Al2O3, MgO, as slag former participate in slag making reaction, such as: 2FeO+SiO2=2FeO SiO2, 2PbO
+SiO2=2PbO SiO2, 2CaO+SiO2=2CaO SiO2, ZnO+Fe2O3=ZnO Fe2O3, CaO+Al2O3=CaO
Al2O3Deng, thus obtain containing ZnO Fe2O3、2ZnO.SiO2、2CaO·SiO2、3CaO·SiO2、CaO·Al2O3、2MgO·
SiO2、CaO·Al2O3Deng oxidation slag, and in flying dust, the heavy metal such as a small amount of Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn can be considered leaded
There is corresponding chemical reaction in a part for material, two English in flying dust are at high temperature decomposed simultaneously, and Pb melts with lead bullion
The form of body puts the releasing of lead mouth from oxidation furnace, and a part of Cu, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au etc. enter molten bullion, and another part enters oxygen
Change in slag.Pb, due to volatile entrance flue gas, i.e. obtains leaded flue dust after gathering dust and returns dispensing again, contain in flue dust
Zn, Cu, Si, Ca etc..S in flying dust enters high concentration SO with sulfur dioxide form substantially2In flue gas.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in this step, the temperature that oxidizing semlting processes is not particularly restricted, ability
Field technique personnel can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, and the temperature that oxidizing semlting processes
Can be to be not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible not only to ensure efficiently carrying out of oxidizing semlting process, and makes in flying dust
Two scruple solutions complete.
S300: the supply of oxidation slag is carried out reduction melting process to reduction furnace
According to embodiments of the invention, the oxidation slag supply obtained by above-mentioned oxidation furnace is carried out also to reduction furnace
Former melting processes, such that it is able to obtain lead bullion, containing zinc furnace cinder and low concentration SO2Flue gas.In this step, concrete, aoxidize slag
The main reduction reaction that lead occurs in reduction furnace, such as: C+O2=CO2, 2C+O2=2CO, CO+1/2O2=CO2, PbO+CO=
Pb+CO2, PbO+C=Pb+CO, 2PbO SiO2+ 2FeO+C=2Pb+2FeO SiO2+CO2, 2PbO SiO2+ 2CaO+C=
2Pb+2CaO·SiO2+CO2, ZnO Fe2O3+SiO2+ C=Zn+2FeO SiO2+CO2, 2FeO+SiO2=2FeO SiO2,
CaO+SiO2=CaO SiO2, 2CaO+SiO2=2CaO SiO2, such that it is able to obtain lead bullion, and reclaim lead further；And it is big
Part zinc and with part other elements enter slag obtain containing zinc furnace cinder.The flue dust obtained during reduction melting is also to return to join
Material, recycles.The low concentration SO2 fume that reduction furnace produces goes tail gas desulphurizing system to process.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in this step, the temperature of reduction treatment is not particularly restricted, this area skill
Art personnel can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature that reduction melting processes is permissible
For being not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve lead reduction efficiency, thus improve the response rate of lead.
S400: zinc furnace cinder supply will be contained and carry out fuming process to fuming furnace
According to embodiments of the invention, the described supply containing zinc furnace cinder is carried out fuming process to fuming furnace, in order to obtain
Zinc oxide fumes, innoxious slag and containing low concentration SO2Flue gas.In this step, concrete, zinc be reduced in this step and with
The form of zinc fume enters in flue, and the oxidized flue dust containing again zinc oxide with the existence of zinc oxide form in flue
In, it is possible to reclaim further and obtain metallic zinc.Other elements being introduced into flue dust then enter slag, with the melten glass bodily form
Formula exists, and this slag is harmless slag, can use as construction material.Tail gas desulphurizing system is delivered to containing low concentration SO2 fume
Carry out desulfurization process.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in this step, the temperature of fuming process is not particularly restricted, this area skill
Art personnel can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of fuming process can be not
Less than 1000 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve the response rate of zinc.
According to still a further embodiment, oxidation furnace, reduction furnace and fuming furnace can be separately top blast stove,
Side-blown converter or bottom convertor.
According to embodiments of the present invention process incineration of refuse flyash method by using incineration of refuse flyash as leaded former
The flux of material smelting process uses, and is possible not only to the flux cost significantly reducing in lead smelting process, and can save flying dust
Two English in incineration of refuse flyash, simultaneously in subsequent processes, can fully be decomposed by the expense individually disposed, and
With the heavy metal in efficient recovery flying dust, thus can be possible not only to effectively process harmful substance, and can avoid using in the past
The serious waste of the resource that landfill causes, and then realize resource and the harmless treatment of incineration of refuse flyash, have huge
Economic benefit and social benefit.
With reference to Fig. 2, the method processing incineration of refuse flyash according to embodiments of the present invention farther includes:
S500: high concentration SO 2 smoke supply will be contained and prepare sulphuric acid to sulfuric acid treatment operation
In this step, by obtained by step S200 containing high concentration SO2Flue gas supply prepares sulphuric acid to sulfuric acid treatment operation,
Such that it is able to the S resource in efficient recovery flying dust, it is to avoid pollute environment.
According to one embodiment of present invention, when containing high concentration SO2When mercury in flue gas content is higher than 30mg/Nm3, will contain
Before high concentration SO 2 smoke supply prepares sulphuric acid to sulfuric acid treatment operation, set up hydrargyrum retracting device and reclaim hydrargyrum metal therein, with
Ensure that sulphuric acid meets the requirements.
As it has been described above, the method processing incineration of refuse flyash according to embodiments of the present invention can have selected from following advantage
At least one:
The present invention is by utilizing complexity and the multiformity of lead raw materials for metallurgy, and the heavy metal contained in flying dust is in leady raw materials
All having, therefore heavy metal is not problem in lead is smelted, and Pb, Cu, Zn therein etc. are also obtained recycling, in flying dust
Ca, Si, Al, Mg etc. are less problems, replace limestone, quartz etc. as solvent, the most all enter in fuming slag, substantially
With 2FeO.SiO2、3CaO.SiO2、2MgO.SiO2、Al2O3.SiO2Deposit etc. form tax, construction material can be done.Therefore the present invention was both
Solve the environmental issue of flying ash, reduce again the cost that lead is smelted.
The present invention directly utilizes the lead smelting system of existing maturation and garbage flying ash is carried out innoxious, recycling treatment, can
To realize garbage flying ash is effectively treated, it is not necessary to construction special equipment, the Pb being substantially reduced in cost, and flying dust,
Zn, S are reclaimed, and Ca, Al, Mg enter slag, the most effectively process harmful substance, and resource is fully utilized.
The present invention by using incineration of refuse flyash as lead smelting flux, lead can be reduced and smelt the cost of other flux, with
Time save the expense that flying dust is individually disposed, the garbage flying ash after this harmless treatment, resourcebility, municipal refuse flying dust can be
Lead smeltery nearby carries out innoxious, minimizing, recycling treatment, and therefore this method has huge social benefit and economic effect
Benefit.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only to describe
Property, and limit the present invention never in any form.
Embodiment
(type of furnace can be bottom convertor, top blast stove to add oxidation furnace after incineration of refuse flyash and the blended granulation of raw material containing lead
Or side-blown converter), flying dust processes quality and accounts for the 1%-5% of raw material containing lead, and continuous feed, smelting temperature controls 1000～1100
DEG C, two English in flying dust at high temperature decompose, and S is substantially with SO2Form enter containing high concentration SO2In flue gas and participate in antacid；
Pb, Cu major part is entered in molten bullion, and small part enters to aoxidize slag and leaded flue dust, flue dust closed cycle；Zn, Ca, Mg, Al etc.
Enter oxidation slag, then gained is aoxidized slag supply to reduction furnace, carries out reduction melting process, obtain lead bullion and containing zinc
Slag, then by gained containing in zinc furnace cinder supply to fuming furnace, final Zn enters zinc oxide fumes, and zinc oxide fumes can be as zinc
Raw materials for metallurgy, and Ca, Mg, Al etc. enter finishing slag, finishing slag is melten glass body, is harmless slag, can be as construction material.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
Example " or the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes specific features, structure, material or spy
Point is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be in office
One or more embodiments or example combine in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of the most conflicting, the skill of this area
The feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be tied by art personnel
Close and combination.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to being interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, revises, replaces and modification.
Claims (7)
1. the method processing incineration of refuse flyash, it is characterised in that including:
(1) by incineration of refuse flyash and raw material containing lead mixing granulation, in order to obtain mixing pellet；
(2) supply of described mixing pellet is carried out oxidizing semlting process to oxidation furnace, in order to obtain containing high concentration SO2Flue gas, thick
Lead and oxidation slag；
(3) supply of described oxidation slag is carried out reduction melting process to reduction furnace, in order to obtain lead bullion and containing zinc furnace cinder；With
And
(4) the described supply containing zinc furnace cinder is carried out fuming process to fuming furnace, in order to obtain zinc oxide fumes and innoxious stove
Slag.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described raw material containing lead is selected from lead concentrate, lead plaster and lead silver
At least one in slag.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in step (1), by described incineration of refuse flyash with
Described raw material containing lead is (1～5) according to mass ratio: 100 carry out mixing granulation.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described oxidizing semlting process, described reduction melting process and
The temperature of described fuming process is separately not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that farther include:
(5) by described containing high concentration SO2Flue gas supply prepares sulphuric acid to sulfuric acid treatment operation.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that when described containing high concentration SO2Mercury in flue gas content is higher than
30mg/Nm3Time, by described containing high concentration SO2Before flue gas supply prepares sulphuric acid to sulfuric acid treatment operation, contain described in advance
High concentration SO2Flue gas supplies to hydrargyrum retracting device.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described oxidation furnace, described reduction furnace and described fuming furnace divide
Not independently be top blast stove, side-blown converter or bottom convertor.
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| CN109811141A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of refining lead skim enters furnace pellet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108517418A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-11 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | A kind of method of Copper making treating incinerated fly ash of domestic garbage with cooperation and application |
| CN109811141A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of refining lead skim enters furnace pellet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110735043A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method and treatment system for hazardous waste incineration residues |
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