CN106047503A - Method for preparing biodiesel with good low-temperature fluidity by adding petroleum diesel - Google Patents
Method for preparing biodiesel with good low-temperature fluidity by adding petroleum diesel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106047503A CN106047503A CN201610393259.6A CN201610393259A CN106047503A CN 106047503 A CN106047503 A CN 106047503A CN 201610393259 A CN201610393259 A CN 201610393259A CN 106047503 A CN106047503 A CN 106047503A
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- diesel
- biodiesel
- oil
- methanol
- sodium hydroxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/12—Regeneration of a solvent, catalyst, adsorbent or any other component used to treat or prepare a fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing biodiesel with good low-temperature fluidity by adding petroleum diesel. The method comprises the following steps: sodium hydroxide is added to a three-mouth flask, methanol is added, the mixture is stirred at the temperature of 50 DEG C for 15 minutes until sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, 0# diesel is added, the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes, after the mixed system is uniformly stirred, rice oil preheated to reach 50 DEG C is added to the mixed system, a reflux reaction is performed for 1 hour, the mole ratio of the rice oil to methanol is 1:(6-9), the mass of consumed sodium hydroxide is 0.8%-1.3% that of the rice oil, and the volume of the consumed 0# diesel is 10%-200% that of the rice oil. Compared with the prior art, the saponification problem is well solved, the yield is increased, besides, the process is simple, reaction conditions are mild, the low-temperature fluidity of the synthesized mixed biodiesel is good, and the problem of poor low-temperature fluidity of most biodiesel is solved.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to synthesize chemical field, specifically a kind of by adding petrifaction diesel, to prepare low temperature flow good
The method of biodiesel.
[background technology]
Along with the fast continual development of global economy, fossil energy demand is continuously increased, and as non-renewable stone
Changing the energy will peter out, original production capacity surplus will disappear.Therefore, new oil replacement fuel is developed extremely urgent.Raw
Thing diesel oil has the features such as raw material is renewable, flash-point is high, safety in utilization is good, it has also become acknowledged preferable petrifaction diesel
Alternative fuel, thus causes the upsurge about production of biodiesel and research and development.
Biodiesel is a kind of with oil crop such as Semen Brassicae campestris, Semen sojae atricolor, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen Sesami, sunflower seeds, with palm, leprosy
The oil-yielding shrubs such as tree, Chinese pistache, with water plants such as engineering microalgaes with using animal oil, waste grease etc. as raw material,
Under catalytic condition with alcohol compound (include methanol, ethanol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropanol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, positive penta
Alcohol etc., because methanol is cheap and easy to get, so main with methanol as raw material) carry out the product of ester exchange reaction.The composition of biodiesel
It is the fatty acid ester of mixing, including saturated fatty acid ester and undersaturated fatty acid ester.
Biodiesel, as the alternative fuel of petrifaction diesel, has the physical property close with petrifaction diesel, and biological
The sulfur content of diesel oil is the lowest, nontoxic to environment, is therefore referred to as environmentally friendly fuel.Compared with petrifaction diesel, biological
Diesel oil has the advantage that and is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) recyclability；(2) good environmental protection characteristic；(3) can be biological
Degraded；(4) security performance is high；(5) preferable greasy property；(6) good combustion characteristics；(7) biodiesel and petrifaction diesel
Physicochemical property and serviceability be closely similar, on the premise of not transforming diesel engine, can directly substitute petrifaction diesel and make
With, or use with petrifaction diesel blending with a certain ratio.Therefore, biodiesel is considered as a kind of important petrifaction diesel
Alternative fuel.
The synthetic method of biodiesel has a variety of, mainly physical method, chemical method and biological method three kinds.Wherein
Physical method includes direct mixing method and mini-emulsion process；Chemical method includes thermal cracking, without catalysis supercritical methanol technology and acid-base catalysis
Ester-interchange method；Biological method is mainly enzyme catalysis ester-interchange method.Wherein base catalysis is because of its reaction condition gentleness, simple to operate,
For generally, but using alkali as a catalyst easily to produce saponification phenomenon, the separation after having reacted and washing become pretty troublesome.
[summary of the invention]
Present invention aim to solve above-mentioned deficiency and provide a kind of and prepare low temperature stream by addition petrifaction diesel
The method of the biodiesel that dynamic property is good, the most well improves saponification problems, improves productivity, simultaneously so that mixing of synthesis
The low temperature flow closing biodiesel is good, the problem solving most of biodiesel lower-temperature fluidity difference.
Design a kind of side preparing the good biodiesel of low temperature flow by adding petrifaction diesel for achieving the above object
Method, with Rice oil and methanol as raw material, makees catalyst with sodium hydroxide, adds a certain amount of 0# diesel oil and make solvent, at ambient pressure
Heating reflux reaction synthesis mixed biologic diesel oil.
This preparation method comprises the following steps: is joined by sodium hydroxide in there-necked flask, is subsequently adding methanol, at 50 DEG C
Lower stirring 15 minutes, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, and is subsequently adding 0# diesel oil, stirs 5 minutes, and system to be mixed stirs
After, the Rice oil being preheated to 50 DEG C is joined in mixed system, back flow reaction 1 hour.
As preferably, described Rice oil, the mol ratio of methanol are Rice oil: methanol=1:6-9, described sodium hydroxide concentration
For the 0.8-1.3% of Rice oil quality, described 0# diesel oil consumption is the 10-200% of Rice oil volume.
As preferably, the temperature of described heating reflux reaction is 50-70 DEG C.
As preferably, the time of described heating reflux reaction is 55-75min.
Further, present invention additionally comprises following steps: after heating reflux reaction completes, be cooled to room temperature, by gained
Mixed biologic diesel oil transfers to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1-1.5 hour, and crude biodiesel rotation in upper strata is steamed removing excess
Methanol, then with appropriate deionized water wash 3-5 time, remove the impurity such as a small amount of glycerol, rotation is evaporated off product the most again
In a small amount of moisture, add anhydrous calcium chloride, filter, i.e. obtain refined diesel oil.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the advantage that
(1) 0# diesel oil is used to make solvent, owing in 0# diesel oil, long chain alkane can be with the saturated fat of long-chain in biodiesel
Acid methyl ester forms minimum eutectic, reduces cold filter plugging point and the pour point of biodiesel, improves the low temperature flow of biodiesel,
The low temperature flow making the mixed biologic diesel oil of synthesis is good, solves asking of most of biodiesel lower-temperature fluidity difference
Topic；
(2) present invention adds 0# diesel oil on the basis of alkali makees catalyst and makees cosolvent, improves and only makees catalyst with alkali
Produced saponification problems, makes follow-up separation becomes with washing experiment；
(3) use 0# diesel oil to make solvent, improve the productivity of biodiesel, saved cost, improve economic benefit；
(4) using sodium hydroxide to do catalyst, abundant raw material source, catalysis activity is high, and consumption is little, cheap, convenient
It is easy to get；
(5) present invention process is simple, and reaction condition is gentle, can react under the conditions of methanol eddy, easy to operate, produces
Efficiency is high, and constant product quality can obtain good economic benefit, the advantage that can reduce again environmental pollution.
[detailed description of the invention]
The invention provides a kind of by adding the method that petrifaction diesel prepares the good biodiesel of low temperature flow, with rice
Miyou and methanol are raw material, make catalyst with sodium hydroxide, add a certain amount of 0# diesel oil and make solvent, are heated to reflux at ambient pressure
Mixed biologic diesel oil is synthesized；The mol ratio of material used is Rice oil: methanol=1:6-9, sodium hydroxide concentration is rice
The 10-200% that consumption is Rice oil (volume ratio) of the 0.8-1.3% of oil quality, 0# diesel oil, above-mentioned material, catalyst according to
Ratio feeds intake mix and blend, and the temperature of reaction is 50-70 DEG C, and the time of reaction is 55-75mi.After heating reflux reaction completes,
It is cooled to room temperature, the mixed biologic diesel oil of gained is transferred to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1-1.5 hour, by rough for upper strata life
The methanol of removing excess is steamed in the rotation of thing diesel oil, then with appropriate deionized water wash 3-5 time, removes the impurity such as a small amount of glycerol,
Last rotation again is evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product, adds anhydrous calcium chloride, filters, i.e. obtain refined diesel oil.
The present invention is made further explained below below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the biodiesel that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described.
The sodium hydroxide (mass ratio is 1.2%) taking 1.1g joins in 250ml there-necked flask, is subsequently adding the first of 30ml
Alcohol (mol ratio is 1:7), stirs 15 minutes at 50 DEG C, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, be subsequently adding the 0# diesel oil of 10ml, stir
Mixing 5 minutes, system to be mixed stirs, after the 100ml Rice oil being preheated to 50 DEG C is joined in mixed system, backflow is anti-
Answer 1 hour.Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and transfers to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1 hour, by upper strata crude biodiesel
Steam the methanol of removing excess at 60 DEG C of backspins, then with the deionized water wash product of 30ml, repeat 3-5 time, remove the sweetest
The impurity such as oil, are then evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product at 80 DEG C of backspins, add anhydrous calcium chloride, are filtrated to get refined bavin
Oil.After measured, cold filter plugging point is-9 DEG C, and pour point is-10 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the biodiesel that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described.
The sodium hydroxide (mass ratio is 1.2%) taking 1.1g joins in 250ml there-necked flask, is subsequently adding the first of 30ml
Alcohol (mol ratio is 1:7), stirs 15 minutes at 50 DEG C, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, be subsequently adding the 0# diesel oil of 30ml, stir
Mixing 5 minutes, system to be mixed stirs, after the 100ml Rice oil being preheated to 50 DEG C is joined in mixed system, backflow is anti-
Answer 1 hour.Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and transfers to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1.5 hours, by rough for upper strata biological bavin
Oil steams the methanol of removing excess at 60 DEG C of backspins, then with the deionized water wash product of 30ml, repeats 3-5 time, removes a small amount of
The impurity such as glycerol, are then evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product at 80 DEG C of backspins, add anhydrous calcium chloride, are filtrated to get refined bavin
Oil.After measured, cold filter plugging point is-12 DEG C, and pour point is-12 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the biodiesel that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described.
The sodium hydroxide (mass ratio is 1.2%) taking 1.1g joins in 250ml there-necked flask, is subsequently adding the first of 30ml
Alcohol (mol ratio is 1:7), stirs 15 minutes at 50 DEG C, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, be subsequently adding the 0# diesel oil of 50ml, stir
Mixing 5 minutes, system to be mixed stirs, after the 100ml Rice oil being preheated to 50 DEG C is joined in mixed system, backflow is anti-
Answer 1 hour.Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and transfers to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1 hour, by upper strata crude biodiesel
Steam the methanol of removing excess at 60 DEG C of backspins, then with the deionized water wash product of 30ml, repeat 3-5 time, remove the sweetest
The impurity such as oil, are then evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product at 80 DEG C of backspins, add anhydrous calcium chloride, are filtrated to get refined bavin
Oil.After measured, cold filter plugging point is-14 DEG C, and pour point is-15 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the biodiesel that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described.
The sodium hydroxide (mass ratio is 1.2%) taking 1.1g joins in 250ml there-necked flask, is subsequently adding the first of 30ml
Alcohol (mol ratio is 1:7), stirs 15 minutes at 50 DEG C, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, be subsequently adding the 0# diesel oil of 100ml,
Stirring 5 minutes, system to be mixed stirs, after the 100ml Rice oil being preheated to 50 DEG C is joined in mixed system, backflow
React 1 hour.Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and transfers to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1 hour, by rough for upper strata biological bavin
Oil steams the methanol of removing excess at 60 DEG C of backspins, then with the deionized water wash product of 30ml, repeats 3-5 time, removes a small amount of
The impurity such as glycerol, are then evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product at 80 DEG C of backspins, add anhydrous calcium chloride, are filtrated to get refined bavin
Oil.After measured, cold filter plugging point is-15 DEG C, and pour point is-19 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of the biodiesel that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described.
The sodium hydroxide (mass ratio is 1.2%) taking 1.1g joins in 250ml there-necked flask, is subsequently adding the first of 30ml
Alcohol (mol ratio is 1:7), stirs 15 minutes at 50 DEG C, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, be subsequently adding the 0# diesel oil of 150ml,
Stirring 5 minutes, system to be mixed stirs, after the 100ml Rice oil being preheated to 50 DEG C is joined in mixed system, backflow
React 1 hour.Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and transfers to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1 hour, by rough for upper strata biological bavin
Oil steams the methanol of removing excess at 60 DEG C of backspins, then with the deionized water wash product of 30ml, repeats 3-5 time, removes a small amount of
The impurity such as glycerol, are then evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product at 80 DEG C of backspins, add anhydrous calcium chloride, are filtrated to get refined bavin
Oil.After measured, cold filter plugging point is-15 DEG C, and pour point is-20 DEG C.
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of the biodiesel that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described.
The sodium hydroxide (mass ratio is 1.2%) taking 1.1g joins in 250ml there-necked flask, is subsequently adding the first of 30ml
Alcohol (mol ratio is 1:7), stirs 15 minutes at 50 DEG C, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, be subsequently adding the 0# diesel oil of 200ml,
Stirring 5 minutes, system to be mixed stirs, after the 100ml Rice oil being preheated to 50 DEG C is joined in mixed system, backflow
React 1 hour.Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and transfers to stand in separatory funnel separatory 1 hour, by rough for upper strata biological bavin
Oil steams the methanol of removing excess at 60 DEG C of backspins, then with the deionized water wash product of 30ml, repeats 3-5 time, removes a small amount of
The impurity such as glycerol, are then evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product at 80 DEG C of backspins, add anhydrous calcium chloride, are filtrated to get refined bavin
Oil.After measured, cold filter plugging point is-15 DEG C, and pour point is-21 DEG C.
The present invention is not limited by above-mentioned embodiment, other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle
Lower made change, modify, substitute, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included in the protection model of the present invention
Within enclosing.
Claims (6)
1. the method preparing the good biodiesel of low temperature flow by addition petrifaction diesel, it is characterised in that: with rice
Oil and methanol are raw material, make catalyst with sodium hydroxide, add a certain amount of 0# diesel oil and make solvent, are heated to reflux anti-at ambient pressure
Mixed biologic diesel oil should be synthesized.
2., as claimed in claim 1 by adding the method that petrifaction diesel prepares the good biodiesel of low temperature flow, it is special
Levy and be, comprise the following steps: sodium hydroxide is joined in there-necked flask, be subsequently adding methanol, at 50 DEG C, stir 15 points
Clock, treats that sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, and is subsequently adding 0# diesel oil, stirs 5 minutes, after system to be mixed stirs, will be preheated to
The Rice oil of 50 DEG C joins in mixed system, back flow reaction 1 hour.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 by adding the method that petrifaction diesel prepares the good biodiesel of low temperature flow, its
Being characterised by: described Rice oil, the mol ratio of methanol are Rice oil: methanol=1:6-9, described sodium hydroxide concentration is Rice oil
The 0.8-1.3% of quality, described 0# diesel oil consumption is the 10-200% of Rice oil volume.
4., as claimed in claim 3 by adding the method that petrifaction diesel prepares the good biodiesel of low temperature flow, it is special
Levy and be: the temperature of described heating reflux reaction is 50-70 DEG C.
5., as claimed in claim 4 by adding the method that petrifaction diesel prepares the good biodiesel of low temperature flow, it is special
Levy and be: the time of described heating reflux reaction is 55-75min.
6., as claimed in claim 5 by adding the method that petrifaction diesel prepares the good biodiesel of low temperature flow, it is special
Levy and be, further comprising the steps of: after heating reflux reaction completes, it is cooled to room temperature, the mixed biologic diesel oil of gained is shifted
In separatory funnel, stand separatory 1-1.5 hour, crude biodiesel rotation in upper strata is steamed the methanol of removing excess, then with appropriate
Deionized water wash 3-5 time, remove the impurity such as a small amount of glycerol, rotation is evaporated off moisture a small amount of in product the most again, adds
Anhydrous calcium chloride, filters, i.e. obtains refined diesel oil.
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| CN201610393259.6A CN106047503A (en) | 2016-06-05 | 2016-06-05 | Method for preparing biodiesel with good low-temperature fluidity by adding petroleum diesel |
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| CN201610393259.6A CN106047503A (en) | 2016-06-05 | 2016-06-05 | Method for preparing biodiesel with good low-temperature fluidity by adding petroleum diesel |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103562364A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-02-05 | 阿克马法国公司 | Process of reactive trituration directly on an oil cake |
| CN104087351A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-10-08 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Improved biodiesel and preparation method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-06-05 CN CN201610393259.6A patent/CN106047503A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103562364A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-02-05 | 阿克马法国公司 | Process of reactive trituration directly on an oil cake |
| CN104087351A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-10-08 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Improved biodiesel and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 季祥，等: "《生物能源及废物利用新技术》", 31 December 2012, 吉林大学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |