CN106041370A - Preparation method of hardfacing electrode - Google Patents
Preparation method of hardfacing electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN106041370A CN106041370A CN201610468637.2A CN201610468637A CN106041370A CN 106041370 A CN106041370 A CN 106041370A CN 201610468637 A CN201610468637 A CN 201610468637A CN 106041370 A CN106041370 A CN 106041370A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/404—Coated rods; Coated electrodes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a hardfacing electrode, and belongs to the field of welding materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: blast furnace slag is soaked in hydrochloric acid; filter residues are collected; silicon carbide is added to the collected filter residues; silicon carbide and the filter residues are calcined; a calcined product is crushed into particles; the particles are mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol, sodium borate and distilled water under a heating-up condition; then hydroxyethyl cellulose is added; a composite binder is obtained after centrifugation, and is put in a mixer; the prepared sieved particles are added to the mixer and are mixed and dried; after calcination, a product in the previous step is crushed into medicinal powder; finally the obtained medicinal powder is uniformly extruded around a welding core and is put in a sintering furnace; and after cooling, the hardfacing electrode can be obtained. A practical example proves that the preparation method is easy and simple to operate; the proportion of a welding agent used in a preparation process is reasonable; and the technical stability is good. Compared with the prior art, the prepared hardfacing electrode has the characteristics of abrasion resistance, low proneness to rusting, long storage period, etc., is high in adaptability and wide in application scope, and has wide application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of hardfacing electrode, belong to field of welding material.
Background technology
Along with modern industry and scientific and technological developing rapidly, machine components are often in work under complex and exacting terms
Making, substantial amounts of plant equipment is often scrapped because wearing and tearing, corrode and denuding, and adds up according to external industrially developed country, annual steel
Consuming account for the 10% of steel total output, economic loss accounts for the 2~4% of total value of production in national economy, so that the material in the current world
Utilization rate is the highest, and this consumption ratio is relatively big, and the material failure that wherein there are about more than half causes owing to wearing and tearing.
Welding material directly influences welded mechanical property, and certain processing performance and deposition efficiency are to improving weldment matter
Measure, reduce work hours, reduce production cost and there is important function, although the yield of China's welding material and large usage quantity, but technology
Level is the highest, and gap is relatively big compared with developed countries, and the production development of more than ten years in past China's welding material quickly, is welded in recent years
The total output of material, at 3,200,000 t, leaps to No. 1 in the world, is that genuine wlding was beaten, but is not wlding power.
Welding rod is made up of coating and core wire two parts, when welding rod is deposited in wet environment or is exposed to sky for a long time
In gas, its core wire part can occur obvious corrosion phenomena, this phenomenon especially spring and summer clearly, autumn and winter is basic
No.After welding rod generation corrosion, wearability is greatly reduced, and the serviceability of product can be produced and query by user, and refusal uses,
Welding rod quality is also affected simultaneously, and the storage period of welding rod is short, have impact on storage and the serviceability of welding rod, this problem one
Directly annoying welding material manufacturer.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that present invention mainly solves: obvious corrosion phenomena easily occurs for the most conventional welding rod so that
The quality of welding rod, the storage period of welding rod and serviceability are affected, and cause the present situation that welding rod wearability is greatly reduced,
Provide the preparation method of a kind of hardfacing electrode.Blast furnace slag is put in hydrochloric acid immersion by the method, collects filtering residue and adds carbon
SiClx is calcined, and pulverizes to obtain granule and dehydrated alcohol, sodium borate and distilled water intensification stirring, adds hydroxy ethyl fiber afterwards
Element, centrifugal that compound binding agent is put in blender, then it is added thereto to the granule that sieves prepared, stirring is dried, powder after calcining
Broken, obtain medicated powder, finally the medicated powder obtained uniformly is squeezed in around core wire, be placed in sintering furnace, after cooling, i.e. can get wear-resisting
Surfacing welding.The method is easy and simple to handle, and the welding agent reasonable mixture ratio used in preparation process, technical stability is good, with modern technologies
Compare, the surfacing welding prepared have wear-resistant, be difficult to the feature such as corrosion and storage period length, strong adaptability, wide accommodation,
There is vast application prospect.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
(1) by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~3, taking blast furnace slag and putting into mass fraction is to soak 30~50min in 20% hydrochloric acid solution, filters
And collect filtering residue, the carborundum of filtering residue and its quality 0.4~0.8% is put in calcining furnace, under nitrogen protection, design temperature
Being 800~900 DEG C, calcine 1~3h, cool to room temperature with the furnace, calcined material taken out and pulverize, crossing 200 mesh sieves, collection is sieved
Grain;
(2) by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:3, the above-mentioned granule that sieves is put in autoclave with dehydrated alcohol, stirs 10 with 200r/min
~after 15min, be added thereto to sieve granular mass 1~the sodium borate of 2% and dehydrated alcohol volume 30~the steaming of 40% respectively
Distilled water, is warming up to 120~130 DEG C, is cooled to 70~75 DEG C, then is separately added into the granular mass 4~6% that sieves after stirring 3~4h
Hydroxyethyl cellulose and dehydrated alcohol volume 40~the hydroxyethyl cellulose of 50%, stirring mixing 1~2h, naturally cool to room
Temperature, discharging thing is also put in centrifuge by discharging, is centrifuged 8~12min, removes lower sediment under 4000r/min, must be combined viscous
Knot agent, standby;
(3) count by weight, take 40~45 parts of marbles, 30~35 parts of white micas, 12~16 parts of graphite, 4~6 parts of carbonizations
Tungsten, 23~24 parts of zircons, 6~8 parts of high carbon ferromanganeses, 7~9 white phosphorus, 10~11 parts of aluminum and 9~13 parts of magnesium powder are put in grinder
It is ground, crosses 70 mesh sieves, collect the granule that sieves;
(4) by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~3, the above-mentioned compound binding agent sieving granule and step (2) gained is put in blender and stirs
10~12h, then carry out nature and dry, it is subsequently placed in sintering furnace, at 700~900 DEG C, toasts 1~2h, roast is taken out
And pulverize, cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain medicated powder;
(5) core wire is positioned in electrode coating machine, the medicated powder of above-mentioned gained is squeezed in around core wire uniformly, extrude to obtain weldering
Bar, is placed in the welding rod of gained in sintering furnace, is warming up to 100~105 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, bakee 4~5h, then be warming up to 360~
380 DEG C, after bakeing 1~2h, it is cooled to room temperature, takes out welding rod, i.e. can get hardfacing electrode.
The hardfacing electrode thickness that the present invention prepares is 8~12mm, and high temperature resistant up to 750~850 DEG C, postwelding hardness can
Reach HRC55~65, wearability is 1~3 times of common welding rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the inventive method is easy and simple to handle, and the welding agent reasonable mixture ratio used in preparation process, technical stability is good;
(2) present invention is compared with modern technologies, prepare surfacing welding have wear-resistant, be difficult to the spy such as corrosion and storage period length
Point, strong adaptability, wide accommodation, there is vast application prospect;
(3) present invention prepares surfacing welding and uses DC reverse connection and to be equipped with welding current be 125~135A, arc voltage be 15~
The welding conditions of 25V, the welding technological properties of welding rod is notable, also produces without any welding slag after continuous multilayer welding, and postwelding is difficult to
Cracking.
Detailed description of the invention
First by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~3, taking blast furnace slag and putting into mass fraction is to soak 30~50min in 20% hydrochloric acid solution,
Filter and collect filtering residue, the carborundum of filtering residue and its quality 0.4~0.8% being put in calcining furnace, under nitrogen protection, sets
Temperature is 800~900 DEG C, calcines 1~3h, cools to room temperature with the furnace, calcined material taken out and pulverize, and crosses 200 mesh sieves, collected
Sieve granule;Then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:3, the above-mentioned granule that sieves is put in autoclave with dehydrated alcohol, stirs with 200r/min
After mixing 10~15min, be added thereto to sieve granular mass 1~the sodium borate of 2% and dehydrated alcohol volume 30~40% respectively
Distilled water, be warming up to 120~130 DEG C, stirring 3~4h after be cooled to 70~75 DEG C, then be separately added into sieve granular mass 4~
The hydroxyethyl cellulose of 6% and dehydrated alcohol volume 40~the hydroxyethyl cellulose of 50%, stirring mixing 1~2h, natural cooling
To room temperature, discharging thing is also put in centrifuge by discharging, is centrifuged 8~12min, removes lower sediment, must answer under 4000r/min
Close binding agent, standby;Count the most by weight, take 40~45 parts of marbles, 30~35 parts of white micas, 12~16 parts of graphite, 4
~6 parts of tungsten carbides, 23~24 parts of zircons, 6~8 parts of high carbon ferromanganeses, 7~9 white phosphorus, 10~11 parts of aluminum and 9~13 parts of magnesium powder put
Enter in grinder and be ground, cross 70 mesh sieves, collect the granule that sieves;Next by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~3, by the above-mentioned granule that sieves
Put into the compound binding agent of above-mentioned gained and blender stirs 10~12h, then carry out nature and dry, be subsequently placed into sintering furnace
In, at 700~900 DEG C, toast 1~2h, roast is taken out and pulverizes, cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain medicated powder;Finally by core wire
It is positioned in electrode coating machine, the medicated powder of above-mentioned gained is squeezed in around core wire uniformly, extrudes to obtain welding rod, by the weldering of gained
Bar is placed in sintering furnace, is warming up to 100~105 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, bakees 4~5h, then is warming up to 360~380 DEG C, bakee 1~
It is cooled to room temperature after 2h, takes out welding rod, i.e. can get hardfacing electrode.
Example 1
First by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2, taking blast furnace slag and putting into mass fraction is immersion 30min in 20% hydrochloric acid solution, filters and collects
Filtering residue, puts in calcining furnace by the carborundum of filtering residue Yu its quality 0.4%, and under nitrogen protection, design temperature is 800 DEG C, forges
Burn 1h, cool to room temperature with the furnace, calcined material is taken out and pulverizes, cross 200 mesh sieves, collect the granule that sieves;Then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:
3, the above-mentioned granule that sieves is put in autoclave with dehydrated alcohol, after 200r/min stirring 10min, adds the most wherein
Enter to sieve the sodium borate of granular mass 1% and the distilled water of dehydrated alcohol volume 30%, is warming up to 120 DEG C, lowers the temperature after stirring 3h
To 70 DEG C, then it is separately added into hydroxyethyl cellulose and the hydroxy ethyl fiber of dehydrated alcohol volume 40% of the granular mass 4% that sieves
Element, stirring mixing 1h, naturally cool to room temperature, discharging thing is also put in centrifuge by discharging, centrifugal under 4000r/min
8min, removes lower sediment, obtains compound binding agent, standby;Count the most by weight, take 40 parts of marbles, 30 parts of white micas,
12 parts of graphite, 4 parts of tungsten carbides, 23 parts of zircons, 6 parts of high carbon ferromanganeses, 7 white phosphorus, 10 parts of aluminum and 9 parts of magnesium powder are put in grinder
Row grinds, and crosses 70 mesh sieves, collects the granule that sieves;Next by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2, compound by above-mentioned sieve granule and above-mentioned gained
Stirring 10h put in blender by binding agent, then carries out nature and dry, and is subsequently placed in sintering furnace, toasts 1h at 700 DEG C, will
Roast takes out and pulverizes, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains medicated powder;Finally core wire is positioned in electrode coating machine, by above-mentioned gained
Medicated powder be squeezed in uniformly around core wire, extrude to obtain welding rod, the welding rod of gained be placed in sintering furnace, with 5 DEG C/min heat up
To 100 DEG C, bakee 4h, then be warming up to 360 DEG C, after bakeing 1h, be cooled to room temperature, take out welding rod, i.e. can get hardfacing weldering
Bar.
This example operation is simple, and the final hardfacing electrode thickness prepared is 8mm, high temperature resistant up to 750 DEG C, weldering
Rear hardness is up to HRC55, wearability is 1 times of common welding rod.
Example 2
First by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2.5, taking blast furnace slag and putting into mass fraction is immersion 40min in 20% hydrochloric acid solution, filters and receives
Collection filtering residue, puts in calcining furnace by the carborundum of filtering residue Yu its quality 0.7%, and under nitrogen protection, design temperature is 850 DEG C,
Calcining 2h, cools to room temperature with the furnace, calcined material is taken out and pulverize, and crosses 200 mesh sieves, collects the granule that sieves;Then by solid-to-liquid ratio
1:3, puts in autoclave by the above-mentioned granule that sieves with dehydrated alcohol, after 200r/min stirring 13min, the most wherein
Add sodium borate and the distilled water of dehydrated alcohol volume 35% of the granular mass 1.5% that sieves, be warming up to 125 DEG C, stir 3.5h
After be cooled to 73 DEG C, then be separately added into the hydroxyethyl cellulose of the granular mass 5% that sieves and the hydroxyl second of dehydrated alcohol volume 43%
Base cellulose, stirring mixing 1.4h, naturally cool to room temperature, discharging thing is also put in centrifuge, under 4000r/min by discharging
Centrifugal 10min, removes lower sediment, obtains compound binding agent, standby;Count the most by weight, take 43 parts of marbles, 33 parts white
Muscovitum, 14 parts of graphite, 5 parts of tungsten carbides, 23.5 parts of zircons, 7 parts of high carbon ferromanganeses, 8 white phosphorus, 10.5 parts of aluminum and 12 parts of magnesium powder are put into
Grinder is ground, crosses 70 mesh sieves, collect the granule that sieves;Next by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2.5, by the above-mentioned granule that sieves with upper
State the compound binding agent of gained and put into stirring 11h in blender, then carry out nature and dry, be subsequently placed in sintering furnace, at 800 DEG C
Lower baking 1.5h, takes out roast and pulverizes, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains medicated powder;Finally core wire is positioned over electrode coating machine
In, the medicated powder of above-mentioned gained is squeezed in around core wire uniformly, extrudes to obtain welding rod, the welding rod of gained is placed in sintering furnace,
It is warming up to 103 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, bakees 4.5h, then be warming up to 370 DEG C, after bakeing 1.5h, be cooled to room temperature, take out welding rod, i.e.
Available hardfacing electrode.
This example operation is simple, and the final hardfacing electrode thickness prepared is 10mm, high temperature resistant up to 800 DEG C,
Postwelding hardness is up to HRC60, wearability is 2 times of common welding rod.
Example 3
First by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:3, taking blast furnace slag and putting into mass fraction is immersion 50min in 20% hydrochloric acid solution, filters and collects
Filtering residue, puts in calcining furnace by the carborundum of filtering residue Yu its quality 0.8%, and under nitrogen protection, design temperature is 900 DEG C, forges
Burn 3h, cool to room temperature with the furnace, calcined material is taken out and pulverizes, cross 200 mesh sieves, collect the granule that sieves;Then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:
3, the above-mentioned granule that sieves is put in autoclave with dehydrated alcohol, after 200r/min stirring 15min, adds the most wherein
Enter to sieve the sodium borate of granular mass 2% and the distilled water of dehydrated alcohol volume 40%, is warming up to 130 DEG C, lowers the temperature after stirring 4h
To 75 DEG C, then it is separately added into hydroxyethyl cellulose and the hydroxy ethyl fiber of dehydrated alcohol volume 50% of the granular mass 6% that sieves
Element, stirring mixing 2h, naturally cool to room temperature, discharging thing is also put in centrifuge by discharging, centrifugal under 4000r/min
12min, removes lower sediment, obtains compound binding agent, standby;Count the most by weight, take 45 parts of marbles, 35 parts of white clouds
Female, 16 parts of graphite, 6 parts of tungsten carbides, 24 parts of zircons, 8 parts of high carbon ferromanganeses, 9 white phosphorus, 11 parts of aluminum and 13 parts of magnesium powder put into grinder
In be ground, cross 70 mesh sieves, collect and sieve granule;Next by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:3, by above-mentioned granule and the above-mentioned gained of sieving
Compound binding agent puts in blender stirring 12h, then carries out nature and dry, and is subsequently placed in sintering furnace, toasts at 900 DEG C
2h, takes out roast and pulverizes, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains medicated powder;Finally core wire is positioned in electrode coating machine, by upper
The medicated powder stating gained is squeezed in around core wire uniformly, extrudes to obtain welding rod, is placed in sintering furnace by the welding rod of gained, with 5 DEG C/
Min is warming up to 105 DEG C, bakees 5h, then is warming up to 380 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after bakeing 2h, takes out welding rod, i.e. can get wear-resisting
Surfacing welding.
This example operation is simple, and the final hardfacing electrode thickness prepared is 12mm, high temperature resistant up to 850 DEG C,
Postwelding hardness is up to HRC65, wearability is 3 times of common welding rod.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a hardfacing electrode, it is characterised in that concrete preparation method is:
(1) by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~3, taking blast furnace slag and putting into mass fraction is to soak 30~50min in 20% hydrochloric acid solution, filters
And collect filtering residue, the carborundum of filtering residue and its quality 0.4~0.8% is put in calcining furnace, under nitrogen protection, design temperature
Being 800~900 DEG C, calcine 1~3h, cool to room temperature with the furnace, calcined material taken out and pulverize, crossing 200 mesh sieves, collection is sieved
Grain;
(2) by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:3, the above-mentioned granule that sieves is put in autoclave with dehydrated alcohol, stirs 10 with 200r/min
~after 15min, be added thereto to sieve granular mass 1~the sodium borate of 2% and dehydrated alcohol volume 30~the steaming of 40% respectively
Distilled water, is warming up to 120~130 DEG C, is cooled to 70~75 DEG C, then is separately added into the granular mass 4~6% that sieves after stirring 3~4h
Hydroxyethyl cellulose and dehydrated alcohol volume 40~the hydroxyethyl cellulose of 50%, stirring mixing 1~2h, naturally cool to room
Temperature, discharging thing is also put in centrifuge by discharging, is centrifuged 8~12min, removes lower sediment under 4000r/min, must be combined viscous
Knot agent, standby;
(3) count by weight, take 40~45 parts of marbles, 30~35 parts of white micas, 12~16 parts of graphite, 4~6 parts of carbonizations
Tungsten, 23~24 parts of zircons, 6~8 parts of high carbon ferromanganeses, 7~9 white phosphorus, 10~11 parts of aluminum and 9~13 parts of magnesium powder are put in grinder
It is ground, crosses 70 mesh sieves, collect the granule that sieves;
(4) by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~3, the above-mentioned compound binding agent sieving granule and step (2) gained is put in blender and stirs
10~12h, then carry out nature and dry, it is subsequently placed in sintering furnace, at 700~900 DEG C, toasts 1~2h, roast is taken out
And pulverize, cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain medicated powder;
(5) core wire is positioned in electrode coating machine, the medicated powder of above-mentioned gained is squeezed in around core wire uniformly, extrude to obtain weldering
Bar, is placed in the welding rod of gained in sintering furnace, is warming up to 100~105 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, bakee 4~5h, then be warming up to 360~
380 DEG C, after bakeing 1~2h, it is cooled to room temperature, takes out welding rod, i.e. can get hardfacing electrode.
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Cited By (1)
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CN110142530A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-20 | 清河县联盛焊接材料有限公司 | A kind of welding rod suitable for various steels welding, purposes and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |