CN106041349A - 一种钢镁材料的连接密封方法 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
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- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
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- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
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- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
- F16B11/004—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by cold pressure welding
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钢镁材料的连接密封方法,包括以下步骤:常温条件下,用机械方式将延性金属(3)嵌入钢材(1)、镁材(2)两种材料的间隙部位,用围板将钢材(1)、延性金属(3)、镁材(2)三种材料形成的接合面围成一空间区域,在所述空间区域内的基板上浇注高性能硅酮结构胶。本发明,具有良好的连接密封效果,并且整个生产是在常温条件下进行,生产工艺简单,操作环境得到改善,减少劳动强度,降低了生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及异种金属材料的连接密封方法,特别是一种钢镁材料的连接密封方法。
背景技术
近年来,异种金属连接的应用越来越广泛,单一金属本身不具备应用所需的所有物理、化学和机械方面的性能,而异种金属可以满足需求,并可节省材料,降低费用、节约能源。
在国内外工业生产中,采用“钢+镁”两种材料连接结构的产品越来越多。目前,钢和镁的连接主要采用铆接、螺栓连接、焊接等机械连接方法。铆接或螺栓连接的接头质量大,接头形状受限,且“钢+镁”两种材料直接铆接或螺栓连接密封性不好。钢和镁及镁合金的焊接工艺可分为熔化焊、压焊和钎焊,除压焊中的冷压焊外,其他焊接方法都需要将钢和/或镁材料加热,钢和镁加热后形成固溶体、金属间化合物、共晶体,另钢和镁的熔点相差悬殊,线膨胀系数、导热性和比热容也相差很大,存在焊接头容易氧化、焊缝成分不均匀、焊接变形大、焊接接头容易产生裂纹等问题,生产中不好控制和操作。
胶接是利用在联接面上产生的机械结合力、物理吸附力和化学键合力而使两个胶接件起来的工艺方法。胶接工艺简便,不需要复杂的工艺设备,操作不必在高温高压下进行,因而胶接件不易产生变形,接头应力分布均匀。在通常情况下,胶接接头具有良好的密封性、电绝缘性和耐腐蚀性。胶接不仅适用于同种材料,也适用于异种材料。
胶接技术在异种金属材料的连接方面已有较多研究和应用。如:王恒发表的《镁、铝异种金属激光胶接焊工艺的研究》(《大连理工大学》2006年硕士毕业论文),首次提出采用将激光连续焊与胶接相复合的新技术(即激光胶接焊技术)来连接镁、铝异种金属,试验结果表明:激光胶接焊接头在一定的参数下,焊缝成形良好,无明显焊接缺陷,与单一的胶接接头和焊接接头相比,相同尺寸试件的激光胶接焊接头剪切力最大。上述方法存在加工复杂,或材料间抗机械强度不够等问题。目前,常温条件下对钢镁两种材料连接,其抗机械强度和密封性没有好的简单易行的解决方法。
以上背景技术内容的公开仅用于辅助理解本发明的发明构思及技术方案,其并不必然属于本专利申请的现有技术,在没有明确的证据表明上述内容在本专利申请的申请日已经公开的情况下,上述背景技术不应当用于评价本申请的新颖性和创造性。
发明内容
本发明的目是提供一种钢镁材料的连接密封方法,克服了现有技术中钢、镁两种材料连接工艺复杂、密封性不好的问题,以达到提高生产效率、改善工作环境、降低生产成本的目的。
本发明的方案的技术方案如下:
一种钢镁材料的连接密封方法,包括以下步骤:常温条件下,用机械方式将延性金属嵌入钢材、镁材两种材料的间隙部位,用围板将钢材、延性金属、镁材三种材料形成的接合面围成一空间区域,在所述空间区域内的基板上浇注高性能硅酮结构胶。
以上所述机械方式为常温条件下,本领域技术人员所熟知的,如:铆接、螺栓连接、锤击、冷压焊、或胶接等机械方式,优选为:锤击、挤压或冷压焊。
以上所述延性金属为本领域技术人员所熟知的,如:铜、铅、钛、铬、镍、锌等及其合金,优选为:铅、镍或锌。
以上所述聚氨酯底胶的厚度优选为2-8mm。
以上所述延性金属的厚度可根据钢、镁两种材料的厚薄、使用需求来确定,优选为:3-5mm。
以上所述空间区域为距离所述钢材、延性金属、镁材三种材料接合面20-100mm的区域。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明采用延性金属对钢、镁材料进行连接密封,再用高粘接强度的高性能硅酮结构胶进行加强连接密封,具有良好的连接密封效果。
(2)本发明在常温条件下进行,生产工艺简单,操作环境得到改善,减少劳动强度,降低了生产成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的结构示意图;
钢材1、镁材2、延性金属3。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述,但不限制本发明的保护范围和应用范围。
实施例1
钢、铅、镁材料的连接密封方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:如图1所示,常温条件下,用冷压焊方式将厚度为5mm的铅材3嵌入已连接好的钢材1、已连接好的镁材2的间隙部位;
步骤2:用围板将钢材1、镁材2、铅材3三种材料形成的接合面,围成一空间区域,在所述空间区域的基板上涂8mm厚的聚氨酯底胶作为打底涂层,以消除驻留在其表面的氧化层;
步骤3:15分钟后再在所围成的空间区域的基板上浇注高性能硅酮结构胶,即得。
实施例2
钢、镍、镁材料的连接密封方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:如图1所示,常温条件下,用冷压焊方式将厚度为3mm的镍材3嵌入已连接好的钢材1、已连接好的镁材2的间隙部位;
步骤2:用围板将钢材1、镁材2、镍材3三种材料形成的接合面,围成一空间区域,在所述空间区域的基板上涂2mm厚的聚氨酯底胶作为打底涂层,以消除驻留在其表面的氧化层;
步骤3:13分钟后再在所围成的空间区域的基板上浇注高性能硅酮结构胶,即得。
实施例3
钢、锌、镁材料的连接密封方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:如图1所示,常温条件下,用冷压焊方式将厚度为4mm的锌材3嵌入已连接好的钢材1、已连接好的镁材2的间隙部位;
步骤2:用围板将钢材1、镁材2、锌材3三种材料形成的接合面,围成一空间区域,在所述空间区域的基板上涂5mm厚的聚氨酯底胶作为打底涂层,以消除驻留在其表面的氧化层;
步骤3:10分钟后再在所围成的空间区域的基板上浇注高性能硅酮结构胶,即得。
除上述实施例外,本发明还可以有其他实施方式,凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求的保护范围内。
以上内容是结合具体的/优选的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,其还可以对这些已描述的实施例做出若干替代或变型,而这些替代或变型方式都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种钢镁材料的连接密封方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:常温条件下,用机械方式将延性金属(3)嵌入钢材(1)、镁材(2)两种材料的间隙部位,用围板将钢材(1)、延性金属(3)、镁材(2)三种材料形成的接合面围成一空间区域,在所述空间区域内的基板上浇注高性能硅酮结构胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钢镁材料的连接密封方法,其特征在于,所述延性金属(3)为铅、镍或锌。
3.根据权利要求1所述的钢镁材料的连接密封方法,其特征在于,还包括以下步骤:浇注高性能硅酮结构胶前,在所述空间区域内的基板上涂上聚氨酯底胶。
4.根据权利要求3所述的钢镁材料的连接密封方法,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯底胶的厚度为2-8mm。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任何一项所述的钢镁材料的连接密封方法,其特征在于,所述机械方式包括锤击、挤压、或冷压焊。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任何一项所述的钢镁材料的连接密封方法,其特征在于,所述延性金属的厚度为3-5mm。
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CN103551759A (zh) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-05 | 大连理工大学 | 用于镁/钢异质金属连接的焊接材料及其制备方法 |
CN104084658A (zh) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-08 | 北京工业大学 | 一种镁合金与钢的接触反应扩散钎焊连接方法 |
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