CN106035120A - Enclosed two-way selection olfactometer - Google Patents
Enclosed two-way selection olfactometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035120A CN106035120A CN201610594746.9A CN201610594746A CN106035120A CN 106035120 A CN106035120 A CN 106035120A CN 201610594746 A CN201610594746 A CN 201610594746A CN 106035120 A CN106035120 A CN 106035120A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
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Abstract
The invention claims protection for an enclosed two-way selection olfactometer and belongs to the field of chemecology research. The olfactometer includes a main body chamber and selection arms. The olfactometer is characterized in that the olfactometer includes the main body chamber and at least two selection arms which surround the main body chamber. The main body chamber is cavity structure which can be enclosed and is intended for receiving animals. The side wall of the main body chamber is provided with at least two through holes thereon. The selection arm is of a channel structure and is intended for placing odor substances with one end enclosed and the other end open, and the open end is configured to have a size and a shape to be adapted to the through holes and is intended for connection to the through holes, and the main body chamber and the selection arms form enclosable space therebetween for communication, and the enclosable space serves as a channel of animal select trend. The main body chamber and the selection arms form a relatively independent separated enclosed space therebetween. The olfactometer conducts testing on olfaction and has the advantages of low cost, simple and easy operation, and rapid and accurate results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical ecology research field, particularly to a kind of closed two-way choice olfactometer.
Background technology
Chemical communication is the most basic and most common a kind of communication for information mode between being in animal kind and planting, it has been reported that use
Chemical signal carries out the animal of information transmission and includes the almost all of animal monoid from insecticide to mammal.Animal relies on it
Organum olfactorium system to from the plant in environment, individuality of the same race or he plant the individual volatile chemical discharged and distinguish
Not and analyze, and then do not produce corresponding behavior reaction, thus complete such as to search for host or prey, location spouse, escape natural enemy
Etc. a series of vital movements.
Scientific research personnel utilizes Olfactometry instrument can measure animal to natural odoring substance such as plant volatile, of the same race
The odoring substance of body, prey or natural enemy release and corresponding behavior reaction done by standard chemical, research animal is to gas
Taste material selects Preference, thus develops the attractant of application product such as insect, repellant etc..The most conventional olfactometer has Y
Type olfactometer, Four-armed olfactomete, six arm olfactometers etc., but there are two common defects in the design of these olfactometers: and one is open
Formula designs, and needs air-extractor to be connected the flow direction forming olfactory stimulation material (odor source) with olfactometer, thus results in instrument
Device equipment manufacturing cost is high, test operation is complicated；Two is the time point of uncontrollable on-test, due to " arm " and the main body of olfactometer
Room is directly connected to, and in process of the test, tested animal escapes arm entry room because being stimulated by operator's action, and causing cannot
Obtain result of the test or obtain the result of the test of mistake.
Therefore this area is needed badly and is developed a kind of brand new, the reasonable in design and olfactometer of easily controllable process of the test,
For studying animal stress select and behavior reaction abnormal smells from the patient.
Summary of the invention
The present invention above-mentioned causes the best defect of test effect because structure design is unreasonable according to what this area existed, with
And the demand of above-mentioned exploitation new construction olfactometer, it is provided that a kind of closed two-way choice olfactometer, its novel and reasonable structure, close
Formula design makes experimental implementation become simple, cost to reduce, and easily controllable on-test node and do not make toy shy
Disturb, use the olfactometer of the present invention to carry out animal stress select and behavior reaction test, reliable results abnormal smells from the patient.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of closed two-way choice olfactometer, it is characterised in that include body chamber and arrange around described body chamber
Two select arm；Described body chamber is sealable chamber structure, is used for accommodating animal；
Two through holes are offered on the sidewall of described body chamber；
Described selection arm is channel design, is used for placing odoring substance, and provides the passage selecting to tend to for animal；
One end of described selection arm is blind end, and the other end is opening, described opening size shape and described through hole
Suitable, being formed between body chamber and selection arm for being connected with described through hole can airtight passage；
Described can close by airtight passage so that body chamber and to select to be divided into relatively independent closing between arm empty
Between.
Described body chamber includes inner cylinder and outer cylindrical body；Described inside and outside cylinder be one end close, one end open hollow
Cylinder, the sidewall of described inside and outside cylinder all offers at least 2 folding holes, described inside and outside cylinder can opening the most mutual
Intussusception forms described sealable chamber structure, and the inner cylinder of set poststack and outer cylindrical body can rotate against；Described interior outer cylindrical body
On the size in folding hole, shape, position match, can pass through described in rotate against and make to open described on described inside and outside cylinder
Close hole be stacked or stagger, when being stacked, form described through hole, make body chamber with select to be formed between arm communicate can confined space；Complete
Completely wrong realize when opening described can the closedown of airtight passage；Described through hole refers to the folding hole in described outer cylindrical body.
Folding hole on the side of described inner cylinder is positioned close to opening part；Folding hole on the sidewall of described outer cylindrical body sets
Put away from opening part.
Described body chamber is one end open, the hollow cylinder of one end closing, and described open at one end can be added a cover lid and be formed institute
State sealable chamber structure；Described through hole is provided with mobilizable barrier sheet, when opening between body chamber and selection arm
Formed communicate can confined space, realize during Guan Bi described can the closedown of airtight passage.
Described through hole offer the closing one end being located proximate to described hollow cylinder.
Described body chamber is one end open, the hollow cylinder of one end closing；Described open at one end can be added a cover lid and be formed institute
State sealable chamber structure；Described body chamber is closed for carrying animal bottom the cylinder of one end, and can be along described cylinder
Portion moves axially；Being loaded with bottom the cylinder of animal described in passing through and move axially adjacent to or away from described through hole, through hole is positioned at described
Time on bottom cylinder, communicate described in formation between body chamber with selection arm can confined space；Described through hole is substantially lower than institute
When stating bottom cylinder, it is achieved described can the closedown of airtight passage.
Connection between described selection arm and described body chamber is detachable connection, preferably described in removably connect finger institute
State and be threaded connection or clamping between opening and the described through hole of selection arm.
A kind of method detecting animal olfactory sensation, it is characterised in that use claim 1-8 arbitrary described closed two-way
Olfactometer is selected to carry out following steps: to be placed in described body chamber by described animal, near blind end in described selection arm
Odoring substance is placed in position；Can confined space or described relative by communicate described in formation between control body chamber with selection arm
The confined space of independent separation controls contacting between animal with odoring substance, thus observes animal and affect at odoring substance
Under movement and/or behavior reaction.
The application of described closed two-way choice olfactometer, it is characterised in that described application refers in detection animal olfactory sensation
And/or animal is to odor response research aspect；Or
Refer to for for the purposes in the drug development of harmful animal, being tested by described closed two-way choice olfactometer
The candidate drug impact on specific harmful animal, thus select the medicine of applicable described specific harmful animal.
The preparation method of described closed two-way choice olfactometer, comprises the steps: to prepare body chamber and described selection
Arm；
Described body chamber is sealable chamber structure；2 through holes are offered on the sidewall of described body chamber；Described selection arm
For channel design, one end is blind end, and the other end is opening, and described opening size shape is suitable with described through hole, institute
State the confined space that can form relatively independent separation between body chamber and described selection arm.
The present invention is in order to overcome the defect of Y-shaped smell sensing apparatus in prior art, it is provided that a kind of brand-new closed two-way choice
Olfactometer, it is characterised in that include body chamber and two the selection arms arranged around described body chamber；Described body chamber is can be close
The chamber structure closed, is used for accommodating animal；Two through holes are offered on the sidewall of described body chamber；Described selection arm is passage knot
Structure, is used for placing odoring substance, and provides the passage selecting to tend to for animal, and tested animal can make behavior according to olfactory substance
React and select to enter；One end of described selection arm is blind end, is used for limiting tested animal in case fleeing；Described odoring substance
Refer to, the chemical substance of Olfactometry material such as volatility or half volatile, containing volatility or half volatile chemical substance
Various carriers；The other end selecting arm is opening, and described opening size shape is suitable with described through hole, is used for and institute
State through hole and be connected that formed between arm in body chamber and selecting can airtight passage；Described can close by airtight passage so that main body
It is divided into relatively independent closing space between room and selection arm.So arrange and be advantageous in that, can be so that manipulation be tested
Time started node, and can rationally judge according to the feature of animal and state and control whether they can enter test situation,
To obtain experimental result the most accurately；Such as, for sensitive toy, channel selector structure is closed, make body chamber with
Select the path between arm to disconnect, its tranquillization certain time in the body chamber closed can be allowed, in order to avoid because being disturbed or frightening
And in entrance of running away selects arm, affect result of the test；After it adapts to environment, channel selector structure is opened, make body chamber and choosing
Select the path between arm to connect, the behavior reaction that now olfactory stimulation can be made by animal, select to enter good odour thing in the family way
The selection arm of matter.
When body chamber and select between arm communication time, select odoring substance in arm high by concentration because of diffusion principle
Select arm to concentration low body chamber diffusion, formed Concentraton gradient, will go on a journey after tested toy smelling to odoring substance
For reaction, tend to the olfactory stimulation of hobby and select to enter one of them and select arm, thus obtain the olfactory sensation of these tested species
Reaction result.
Sealable chamber structure can be opened owing to body chamber is one, can open it, experimental animal is put into main body
Indoor, then shut, and whole olfactory sensation tester is internally formed a completely enclosed space, and Olfactometry material is closed in space
By selecting arm slowly to spread to body chamber, form Concentraton gradient, and there is obvious directivity, it is simple to tested animal is to abnormal smells from the patient thing
Matter judges and behavior reaction.
In some specific embodiments of the present invention, described body chamber includes inner cylinder and outer cylindrical body；
Described inside and outside cylinder is one end closing, the hollow cylinder of one end open, on the sidewall of described inside and outside cylinder all
Offering 2 folding holes, described inside and outside cylinder can form described sealable chamber structure by opening relatively mutually intussusception, and
Inner cylinder and the outer cylindrical body of set poststack can rotate against；The size in folding hole in described interior outer cylindrical body, shape, position match
Close, can pass through described in rotate against and make the described folding hole on described inside and outside cylinder be stacked or stagger, formed described logical when being stacked
Hole, make body chamber with select to be formed between arm communicate can confined space；Realize when staggering completely described can the pass of airtight passage
Close；Described through hole refers to the folding hole in described outer cylindrical body.When staggering completely in inside and outside cylinder through hole mutual alignment, body chamber with
Selecting the path between arm to disconnect, tested toy can be stablized in body chamber tranquillization, adaptation；When the inside and outside mutual position of cylinder through hole
When putting consistent, body chamber and select the path between arm to connect, the most tested toy can freely come in and go out selection arm.
In some preferred embodiments, the folding hole on the side of described inner cylinder is positioned close to opening part；Outside described
Folding hole on the sidewall of cylinder is arranged far from opening part.So arrange and be advantageous in that, it is simple to the animal in body chamber exists
Turnover it is easier to when path between body chamber and linking arm is connected.
In the present invention further carries out example, the folding hole on the post jamb of described interior outer cylindrical body is 2, described selection
Arm is two, and through hole distribution on post jamb can arbitrarily arrange or be symmetrical arranged；Described selection arm is installed to during through hole two
Arm can form " V " type, " one " font or inverted " V " type, regardless of setting, can realize olfactometer of the present invention and smell
The function of feel test.But in situations where it is preferred, the through hole on the post jamb of described interior outer cylindrical body is distributed as being symmetrical arranged, two choosings
Selecting after arm connects through hole and form " one " font, this set is advantageous in that symmetrical structure makes animal go to two and selects arm
Distance is equal, it is possible to reduce test error.Based on the most a series of concrete scheme, constitute the present invention highly preferred
Closed two-way choice olfactometer.
In other specific embodiments of the present invention, described body chamber is one end open, the hollow cylinder of one end closing,
Described open at one end can be added a cover lid and be formed described sealable chamber structure；Described through hole is provided with mobilizable barrier
Sheet, when opening body chamber with select to be formed between arm communicate can confined space, realize during Guan Bi described can airtight passage
Close.
In the embodiment that above-described embodiment is further preferred, offering of described through hole is located proximate to described hollow cylinder
Close one end.So arrange be easier to when the animal be easy in the body chamber path between body chamber and linking arm is connected into
Go out.
In other embodiments of the present invention, described body chamber is one end open, the hollow cylinder of one end closing；Described open
Mouth one end can be added a cover lid and be formed described sealable chamber structure；Described body chamber is closed bottom the cylinder of one end for carrying
Animal, and can move axially along described column body；Be loaded with bottom the cylinder of animal described in passing through move axially adjacent to or away from
Described through hole, when through hole is positioned on bottom described cylinder, communicate described in formation between body chamber with selection arm can confined air
Between；When described through hole is substantially lower than bottom described cylinder, it is achieved described can the closedown of airtight passage.
In the above-described embodiments, the connection between described selection arm and described body chamber is detachable connection, preferably institute
Stating removably connects refers to be threaded connection or clamping between opening and the described through hole of described selection arm.Such as, inside and outside
In the embodiment of cylinder, mouth can be threaded in the through hole of outer cylindrical body, and the opening of corresponding selection arm is arranged
Screw thread, the two closely cooperates, carry out threaded after, select arm and body chamber to be collectively forming an abnormal smells from the patient closed and dissipate sky
Between.
Embodiment based on above-mentioned multiple concrete form, those skilled in the art can be according to the practical situation of test, visitor
Sight demand, animal individual size and convenient degree, above-mentioned olfactometer is carried out the adjustment on shape, specification size, material or
Improve；Such as, for the ease of observing, body chamber and selection arm transparent material can be made；Or, in order to animal head is big
Little, make the olfactometer of different size size to be applicable to the animal subject of different head size；Or, for convenience some
Creeping of toy, makes the inwall of body chamber of the material that coefficient of friction is bigger.Olfactometer provided by the present invention, selects arm
The most corresponding with the quantity of through hole, can be 2 or more, in order to be applicable to the selective response examination of a greater variety of odoring substance
Test.The shape of olfactometer of the present invention is not limited only to embodiment part or cylindrical shape shown in the drawings, and any energy is formed
Have in airtight chamber, and chamber wall and with the through hole selecting arm to be connected, and can control chamber and select between arm logical
The structure that road is switched on or switched off, each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention also provides for a kind of method detecting animal olfactory sensation, it is characterised in that the closed two-way choosing described in employing
Select olfactometer and carry out following steps: described animal is placed in described body chamber, near the position of blind end in described selection arm
Placement location odoring substance；Can confined space or described relative only by communicate described in formation between control body chamber with selection arm
The confined space of vertical separation controls contacting between animal with odoring substance, thus observes animal under the influence of odoring substance
Movement and/or behavior reaction.
The present invention is also claimed described closed two-way choice olfactometer and is detecting animal olfactory sensation and/or animal to abnormal smells from the patient
Application in terms of repercussion study, and described two-way choice olfactory sensation tester is for for the use in the drug development of harmful animal
On the way, it is characterised in that by described closed two-way choice olfactometer test the candidate drug impact on specific harmful animal, from
And select the medicine of applicable described specific harmful animal.
Additionally, some embodiments also provide for the preparation method of closed two-way choice olfactometer of the present invention, including such as
Lower step: preparation body chamber and described selection arm；Described body chamber is sealable chamber structure；On the sidewall of described body chamber
Offer 2 through holes；Described selection arm is channel design, and one end is blind end, and the other end is opening, described opening size shape
Shape is suitable with described through hole, can form the confined space of relatively independent separation between described body chamber and described selection arm.
The described closed two-way choice olfactometer using present invention design carries out olfactory sensation or odor response aspect to animal
Research, there are three clear advantages: 1. chemical substance forms dispersal direction and Concentraton gradient in closing space, it is not necessary to
Configuration air-extractor, thus saves the manufacturing cost of olfactory sensation tester, and makes to operate the easiest；2. chemical substance is in envelope
Closing space internal diffusion, not by external environmental interference, thus high directivity, material significant degree is high, needed for tested animal identification and
The time making behavior reaction shortens；3. body chamber is controlled with the connection of selection arm, is introduced by tested animal before test
Body chamber, closes body chamber and selects the circular hole passage of arm, connects body chamber again and start examination with selection arm after its tranquil adaptation
Test, thus the result of Selection experiment is the most accurate.Therefore the present invention design closed two-way choice olfactometer have low cost,
The advantages such as easy and simple to handle, result is the most accurate, can be used for the Olfactory behavior test of meiofauna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The closed two-way choice olfactometer overall schematic that one specific embodiment of Fig. 1 present invention is provided,
The closed two-way choice olfactometer split schematic diagram that one specific embodiment of Fig. 2 present invention is provided,
Wherein icon lists as follows: 1-body chamber, 2-select arm, 11-inner cylinder, 12-outer cylindrical body, 13-screw thread mouth, 14-
Through hole；It is opening or through hole at " * " number；It it is blind end at "×" number.
Detailed description of the invention
Further the solution of the present invention is elaborated with accompanying drawing below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but do not limit with this
The scope of the present invention.
In all of embodiment of the present invention, closed two-way choice olfactometer provided by the present invention all has following spy
Levy: described closed two-way choice olfactometer includes body chamber 1 and two the selection arms 2 arranged around described body chamber 1；Described
Body chamber 1 is sealable chamber structure, is used for accommodating animal；Two through holes 14 are offered on the sidewall of described body chamber 1；Institute
Stating selection arm 2 is channel design, is used for placing odoring substance, and provides the passage selecting trend for animal, and tested animal can root
Make behavior reaction according to olfactory substance and select to enter；One end of described selection arm 2 is blind end, be used for limiting tested animal with
Anti-flight；Described odoring substance refers to, the chemical substance of Olfactometry material such as volatility or half volatile, containing volatility or
The various carriers of person's half volatile chemical substance；The other end selecting arm 2 is opening, and described opening size shape is with described
Through hole is suitable, and being formed between body chamber 1 and selection arm 2 for being connected with described through hole 14 can airtight passage；Described can
Airtight passage can be closed so that is divided into relatively independent closing space between body chamber 1 and selection arm 2.So arrange
Being advantageous in that, so that manipulating on-test timing node, and can rationally judge according to the feature of animal and state and control
Whether they can enter test situation, to obtain experimental result the most accurately；Such as, for sensitive toy, can
Airtight passage is closed, and makes body chamber and selects the path between arm to disconnect, and its tranquillization in the body chamber closed can be allowed certain
Time, in order to avoid in entrance of running away because being disturbed or frighten selects arm, affecting result of the test；Can be airtight after it adapts to environment
Passage is opened, and makes body chamber 1 and selects the path between arm 2 to connect, and the behavior that now olfactory stimulation can be made by animal is anti-
Should, select to enter the selection arm 2 of good odour material in the family way.
When body chamber 1 and select between arm 2 communication time, select the odoring substance in arm 2 because diffusion principle is by dense
Spend the high arm 2 that selects to spread to the body chamber 1 that concentration is low, form Concentraton gradient, will after tested toy smelling to odoring substance
Make behavior reaction, tend to the olfactory stimulation of hobby and select to enter one of them and select arm 2, thus obtain this tested species
Olfaction reaction result.
Owing to body chamber 1 is an openable chamber structure, can open it, experimental animal is put into body chamber 1,
Then shutting, whole olfactory sensation tester is internally formed a completely enclosed space, by selecting in Olfactometry material closing space
Select arm 2 slowly to spread to body chamber 1, form Concentraton gradient, and there is obvious directivity, it is simple to tested animal is to odoring substance
Judge and behavior reaction.
Some specific embodiments provide a kind of preferred closed two-way choice olfactometer, as in figure 2 it is shown, this olfactory sensation
Instrument includes body chamber 1 and selects arm 2；Described body chamber 1 includes inner cylinder 11 and outer cylindrical body 12；Described inside and outside cylinder is one
End seal is closed, the hollow cylinder of one end open, and the sidewall of described inside and outside cylinder all offers 2 folding holes, described inside and outside post
Body can form described sealable chamber structure by opening relatively mutually intussusception, and the inner cylinder 11 of set poststack and outer cylindrical body 12 can
Rotate against；Match in the size in folding hole on described inside and outside cylinder, shape, position, can pass through described in rotate against and make institute
The described folding hole stated on inside and outside cylinder is stacked or staggers, and forms described through hole 14 when being stacked, make body chamber 1 with select arm 2 it
Between formed communicate can confined space；Realize when staggering completely described can the closedown of airtight passage；Described through hole 14 refer to described outside
Folding hole on cylinder 12.Path when staggering completely in inside and outside cylinder through hole mutual alignment, between body chamber 1 and selection arm 2
Disconnecting, tested toy can be stablized in body chamber tranquillization, adaptation；When inside and outside cylinder through hole mutual alignment is consistent, body chamber 1
And selecting the path between arm 2 to connect, the most tested toy can freely come in and go out selection arm.
Based on above-described embodiment, it is preferable that the folding hole on the sidewall of described inner cylinder is positioned close to opening part；Described
Folding hole on the sidewall of outer cylindrical body 12 is arranged far from opening part.So arrange and be advantageous in that, it is simple to moving in body chamber 1
Thing path between body chamber 1 and linking arm 2 is easier to turnover when connecting.
Further, the through hole 14 on the post jamb of described inside and outside cylinder is 2, and described selection arm 2 is two.Described
Through hole 14 distribution on the post jamb of interior outer cylindrical body can arbitrarily be arranged so that described selection arm 2 is installed to two arms 2 during through hole 14
" V " type, " one " font or inverted " V " type can be formed, regardless of setting, olfactometer of the present invention can be realized and carry out olfactory sensation survey
The function of examination.But in situations where it is preferred, the through hole 14 on the post jamb of described inside and outside cylinder is distributed as being symmetrical arranged, two choosings
Selecting after arm 2 connects through hole 14 and form " one " font, this set is advantageous in that symmetrical structure makes animal go to two selections
The distance of arm is equal, it is possible to reduce test error.Based on the most a series of concrete scheme, constitute the present invention the most excellent
The closed two-way choice olfactometer of choosing.
In other specific embodiments, it is provided that the closed two-way choice olfactometer of the 2nd kind of version；This olfactometer
Also include body chamber and select arm；Described body chamber is one end open, the hollow cylinder of one end closing, and described open at one end can add
Lid lid forms described sealable chamber structure；Described through hole is provided with mobilizable barrier sheet, in body chamber when opening
With select to be formed between arm communicate can confined space, realize during Guan Bi described can the closedown of airtight passage.
In the embodiment that above-described embodiment is further preferred, described through hole offer the closing being located proximate to described cylinder
One end.So arrange when the animal being easy in body chamber path between body chamber and linking arm is connected and be easier to turnover.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides the closed two-way choice olfactometer of the 3rd kind of version, is characterized in, bag
Including body chamber and select arm, described body chamber is one end open, the hollow cylinder of one end closing；Described open at one end can add a cover lid
Son forms described sealable chamber structure；Described body chamber is closed for carrying animal bottom the cylinder of one end, and can be along institute
State column body to move axially；It is loaded with bottom the cylinder of animal described in passing through and moves axially adjacent to or away from described through hole, through hole
When being positioned on bottom described cylinder, communicate described in formation between body chamber with selection arm can confined space；Described through hole is complete
Complete less than time bottom described cylinder, it is achieved described can the closedown of airtight passage.
In the above-described embodiments, the connection between described selection arm and described body chamber is detachable connection, preferably institute
Stating the finger that removably connects, the opening of described selection arm carries out threadeding or clamping with the through hole on described outer cylindrical body post jamb.
Such as, in the embodiment of interior outer cylindrical body, mouth can be threaded in the through hole of outer cylindrical body, and corresponding selection arm
Opening is threaded, and the two closely cooperates, carry out threaded after, select arm and body chamber to be collectively forming the gas closed
Taste dissipates space.
Embodiment based on above-mentioned multiple concrete form, those skilled in the art can be according to the practical situation of test, visitor
Sight demand, animal individual size and convenient degree, above-mentioned olfactometer is carried out the adjustment on shape, specification size, material or
Improve；Such as, for the ease of observing, body chamber and selection arm transparent material can be made；Or, in order to animal head is big
Little, make the olfactometer of different size size to be applicable to the animal subject of different head size；Or, for convenience some
Creeping of toy, makes the inwall of body chamber of the material that coefficient of friction is bigger.Olfactometer provided by the present invention, selects arm
The most corresponding with the quantity of through hole, can be 2 or more, in order to be applicable to the selective response examination of a greater variety of odoring substance
Test；2 through holes and 2 select arm to be the optimal way of the present invention, it is possible to achieve the two-way choice of Olfactometry；During test,
Wherein putting into odoring substance to be determined in a selection arm, another is used for compareing.The shape of olfactometer of the present invention
It is not limited only to embodiment part or cylindrical shape shown in the drawings, any can form that have in airtight chamber, and chamber wall can
The through hole being connected with selection arm, and chamber can be controlled and select the structure that between arm, path is switched on or switched off, each fall within
Protection scope of the present invention.
Other embodiments also provide for a kind of method based on the detection animal olfactory sensation of described olfactometer, it is characterised in that adopt
Following steps are carried out: be placed in described body chamber by described animal, in described choosing with described closed two-way choice olfactometer
Odoring substance is placed near the position of blind end in selecting arm；Can by communicate described in formation between control body chamber with selection arm
The confined space of confined space or described relatively independent separation controls contacting between animal with odoring substance, thus observes
Animal movement under the influence of odoring substance and/or behavior reaction.
Certain embodiments of the present invention also provides for described closed two-way choice olfactometer and in detection animal olfactory sensation and/or moves
Thing is to the application in terms of odor response research；And other preferred embodiments also provide for described two-way choice olfactory sensation tester and use
In for the purposes in the drug development of harmful animal, it is characterised in that tested by described closed two-way choice olfactometer
The candidate drug impact on specific harmful animal, thus select the medicine of applicable described specific harmful animal.
Additionally, some embodiments also provide for the preparation method of closed two-way choice olfactometer of the present invention, including such as
Lower step: preparation body chamber and described selection arm；Described body chamber is sealable chamber structure；On the sidewall of described body chamber
Offer 2 through holes；Described selection arm is channel design, and one end is blind end, and the other end is opening, described opening size shape
Shape is suitable with described through hole, can form the confined space of relatively independent separation between described body chamber and described selection arm.
Claims (10)
1. a closed two-way choice olfactometer, it is characterised in that include body chamber and arrange two around described body chamber
Individual selection arm；Described body chamber is sealable chamber structure, is used for accommodating animal；
Two through holes are offered on the sidewall of described body chamber；
Described selection arm is channel design, is used for placing odoring substance, and provides the passage selecting to tend to for animal；
One end of described selection arm is blind end, and the other end is opening, and described opening size shape is fitted mutually with described through hole
Joining, being formed between body chamber and selection arm for being connected with described through hole can airtight passage；
Described can close by airtight passage so that body chamber and select to be divided into relatively independent closing space between arm.
Closed two-way choice olfactometer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described body chamber includes inner cylinder
And outer cylindrical body；
Described inside and outside cylinder is one end closing, the hollow cylinder of one end open, and the sidewall of described inside and outside cylinder is all offered
Having at least 2 folding holes, described inside and outside cylinder can form described sealable chamber structure by opening relatively mutually intussusception, and
Inner cylinder and the outer cylindrical body of set poststack can rotate against；
Match in the size in folding hole in described interior outer cylindrical body, shape, position, can pass through described in rotate against make described in,
Described folding hole in outer cylindrical body is stacked or staggers, and forms described through hole when being stacked, and makes body chamber and selects to be formed between arm phase
Logical can confined space；Realize when staggering completely described can the closedown of airtight passage；
Described through hole refers to the folding hole in described outer cylindrical body.
Closed two-way choice olfactometer the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that opening on the side of described inner cylinder
Close hole and be positioned close to opening part；Folding hole on the sidewall of described outer cylindrical body is arranged far from opening part.
Closed two-way choice olfactometer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described body chamber is that one end is opened
The hollow cylinder that mouth, one end are closed, described open at one end can be added a cover lid and be formed described sealable chamber structure；
Described through hole is provided with mobilizable barrier sheet, when opening body chamber with select to be formed between arm communicate can be airtight
Space, realize during Guan Bi described can the closedown of airtight passage.
Closed two-way choice olfactometer the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the position of offering of described through hole is leaned on
Closing one end of nearly described hollow cylinder.
Closed two-way choice olfactometer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described body chamber is that one end is opened
The hollow cylinder that mouth, one end are closed；
Described open at one end can be added a cover lid and be formed described sealable chamber structure；
Described body chamber is closed for carrying animal bottom the cylinder of one end, and can move axially along described column body；
Being loaded with bottom the cylinder of animal described in passing through and move axially adjacent to or away from described through hole, through hole is positioned at bottom described cylinder
On time, body chamber with select to be formed between arm described in communicate can confined space；Described through hole is substantially lower than at the bottom of described cylinder
During portion, it is achieved described can the closedown of airtight passage.
7. according to the arbitrary described closed two-way choice olfactometer of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that
Connection between described selection arm and described body chamber is detachable connection, preferably described in removably connect finger described choosing
Select and be threaded connection or clamping between the opening of arm and described through hole.
8. the method detecting animal olfactory sensation, it is characterised in that use the arbitrary described closed two-way choosing of claim 1-8
Select olfactometer and carry out following steps:
Described animal is placed in described body chamber, in described selection arm, places odoring substance near the position of blind end；Logical
Cross control body chamber with select to be formed between arm described in communicate can confined space or the confined air of described relatively independent separation
Between control contacting between animal with odoring substance, thus observe animal movement under the influence of odoring substance and/or behavior
Reaction.
9. the application of the arbitrary described closed two-way choice olfactometer of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that described application refers to
Detection animal olfactory sensation and/or animal to odor response research in terms of；Or
Refer to for for the purposes in the drug development of harmful animal, to be selected by the test of described closed two-way choice olfactometer
The medicine impact on specific harmful animal, thus select the medicine of applicable described specific harmful animal.
10. the preparation method of the arbitrary described closed two-way choice olfactometer of claim 1-7, comprises the steps:
Preparation body chamber and described selection arm；
Described body chamber is sealable chamber structure；2 through holes are offered on the sidewall of described body chamber；
Described selection arm is channel design, and one end is blind end, and the other end is opening, and described opening size shape is with described
Through hole is suitable,
The confined space of relatively independent separation can be formed between described body chamber and described selection arm.
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Application publication date: 20161026 |