CN106033114B - A kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation method - Google Patents

A kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation method Download PDF

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CN106033114B
CN106033114B CN201510122357.1A CN201510122357A CN106033114B CN 106033114 B CN106033114 B CN 106033114B CN 201510122357 A CN201510122357 A CN 201510122357A CN 106033114 B CN106033114 B CN 106033114B
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battery
external characteristics
energy
parameter
supplemental characteristic
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CN106033114A (en
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高飞
杨凯
胡晨
李又宁
刘皓
李大贺
赵录兴
王丽娜
惠东
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation methods, the described method comprises the following steps: the external characteristics supplemental characteristic of I, the acquisition energy-storage battery, and calculate the stability bandwidth of the external characteristics supplemental characteristic;After II, the energy-storage battery circular flow several times, external characteristics supplemental characteristic is acquired, and calculate the stability bandwidth of the external characteristics supplemental characteristic;III, the variation for calculating the stability bandwidth, judge whether the battery is healthy.Method provided by the invention, the health status of battery is quantitatively evaluated by the external characteristics parameter fluctuation amplitude of retest under battery the same terms, this method test is simple, is not necessarily to complicated algorithm, and can realize real-time, online evaluation, foundation can be provided for the routine use of lithium ion battery and maintenance.

Description

A kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of secondary cell technical field of energy storage, in particular to a kind of energy-storage battery health shape State appraisal procedure.
Background technique
Battery energy storage is an important branch of current energy storage technology development, and lithium ion secondary battery technology is then battery storage Most potential one of technology in energy, have many advantages, such as that energy density is big, have extended cycle life, self-discharge rate it is low.However, it Safety always without very good solution, more safety accidents due to caused by power battery of electric motor car in recent years cause Safety worries of the people for lithium ion secondary battery energy storage.In addition, the consistency due to " wooden pail effect ", i.e., between battery Difference, the service life after will cause lithium ion battery in groups are substantially less than the service life of battery cell, and the aging of battery cell will cause The overall performance rapid decrease of battery pack and battery system.
In order to improve battery energy storage application safety, and from convenient for battery operation management, maintenance angle, need The state of battery is detected, be assessed.At present commonly to the state-of-charge of battery (State of Charge, SOC) With the online evaluation technology of health status (State of health, SOH), wherein the assessment technology of health status mainly with Battery is investigation object, assesses the current operating conditions of battery, by comparing with original state, judges battery health degree, is Operational management, maintenance and the maintenance of battery energy storage system provide foundation and judgment criteria.
There are no unified statement, majority refers under certain conditions the health status of current battery, and battery can fill Enter or release the percentage of electricity (the current capability value of battery) and battery nominal capacity.SOH reaction is using middle battery Capacity retention ratio, the new battery just to have dispatched from the factory to one piece, SOH value 100%, with the gradually aging of battery, battery SOH value It will constantly reduce, be provided according to ieee standard, when the capability value of power battery drops to 80%, battery aging and cannot be made With battery should be replaced in time.Cell degradation be interfere lithium battery electrical automobile and the widely applied principal element of energy storage field it One.
In the prior art, the method for estimating SOH has following several: 1. directly volumetric method is surveyed in electric discharge, and this method is to SOH Test and assess most reliable method, but can only off-line measurement, be not able to satisfy the requirement of on-line measurement;2. Electrode with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, this Method is most common method in laboratory research, and measurement analysis result is with strong points, but at high cost, data processing complex; 3. voltage curve modelling, when studying battery charging and discharging the end voltage of battery with SOH relationship and establish a kind of method of model, Although this method modeling period is short, process is simple, and the battery of a style number corresponds to a kind of model, for different model Battery needs to re-establish model, and for the battery types of stable operating voltage (such as ferric phosphate lithium cell), the end of battery Voltage is not it is obvious that SOH estimation accuracy is still to be improved with the internal relation of battery SOH.However, these methods are equal at present It is that the attenuation of battery capacity is judged according to technological means to indicate the health degree of battery, and the health degree of battery and electricity Tankage attenuation degree does not have absolute one-to-one relationship simultaneously, and the decaying of battery capacity, the aging of performance etc. are only The part phenomenon for the performance that cell health state deteriorates, this patent are thought in addition to this expression cell health state journey of inducing capacity fading Except the representation method of degree, the stability of battery external characteristics also should be regarded as a kind of performance of cell health state, i.e. battery is being transported The variation of the stability bandwidth of external characteristics in the row period, also can reflect out the health status of battery, because of the stabilization of battery external characteristics Degree decides that battery as the running quality during energy storage, has significant impact for the stability of entire energy-storage system, And existing cell health state assessment technology can not judge the stability of battery external characteristics at present.
Therefore, from the angle of stability, need to propose a kind of method for assessing energy-storage battery health status.
Summary of the invention
To overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation method.
Realize solution used by above-mentioned purpose are as follows:
A kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation method, the described method comprises the following steps:
I, the external characteristics supplemental characteristic of the energy-storage battery is acquired, and calculates the stability bandwidth of the external characteristics supplemental characteristic;
After II, the energy-storage battery circular flow several times, external characteristics supplemental characteristic is acquired, and calculates the external characteristics ginseng The stability bandwidth of number data;
III, the variation for calculating the stability bandwidth, judge whether the battery is healthy.
Preferably, the external characteristics parameter includes voltage, capacity, internal resistance, energy and the power of battery.
Preferably, in the step I, the stability bandwidth for calculating the external characteristics supplemental characteristic includes:
Calculate in fixed time period or the variance of the external characteristics parameter in fixed cycles number, mean square deviation, it is very poor and The coefficient of variation.
Preferably, the stability bandwidth for calculating the external characteristics supplemental characteristic includes:
It calculates in fixed time period or the variance of the external characteristics parameter of battery in fixed cycles number, mean square deviation, very poor And the coefficient of variation;
Fixed time period or the variance D of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed cycles frequency n are determined as the following formula:
Fixed time period or the meansquaredeviationσ of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed cycles frequency n are determined as the following formula:
Fixed time period or the very poor A of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed cycles frequency n are determined as the following formula:
A(xn)=xmax,n-xmin,n
The coefficient of variation CV of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed time period or in fixed cycles frequency n is determined as the following formula:
In above formula,For average value of the external characteristics parameter in fixed time period or fixed cycles number, xmax,n、xmin,nPoint Not Biao Shi battery external characteristics x time point n maximum parameter, minimum parameter.
Preferably, in the step III, judge whether health includes: with the external characteristics of the energy-storage battery to the battery Origin of the base value of parameter fluctuation variation assessment parameter as cell health state, to assess parameter JnWith base value J0Between quotient It is worth the criterion as cell health state;
The criterion J of the cell health state is determined as the following formula:
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, method provided by the invention is determined by the external characteristics parameter fluctuation amplitude of retest under battery the same terms The health status of assessment battery is measured, this method test is simple, is not necessarily to complicated algorithm, and can realize real-time, online evaluation, Ke Yiwei The routine use of lithium ion battery and maintenance provide foundation.
2, different from the content that traditional cell health state method is assessed, method of the invention is not for battery capacity The appraisal procedure of conservation rate, but with external characteristics such as voltage, capacity, internal resistance, energy and power in battery During Process of Long-term Operation Parameter of the fluctuating range of parameter as characterization cell health state, according to the wave of the external characteristics parameter in battery life cycle management The variation of dynamic amplitude is assessed, judges cell health state.
3, the stability of electric system is important system measurement index, and energy-storage system participates in power grid peak load shifting, tracking The operational modes such as plan power output, other than the energy of energy-storage system, power output capacity meet power grid demand, stability is also right Power grid has important influence, and the fluctuation of battery external characteristics parameter is integrally amplified by energy-storage system, can be to the electricity being attached thereto Net system causes probabilistic influence and certain burden, and existing cell health state appraisal procedure can not be directed at present This situation is effectively assessed, and the invention patent proposes a kind of new from operation of power networks demand from the concept of stability Cell health state appraisal procedure, supplement current battery health state evaluation deficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the energy-storage battery health state evaluation method flow diagram based on fluctuating range in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is battery capacity and cycle-index curve relation figure in the present embodiment;
Fig. 3 is battery capacity conservation rate and cycle-index curve relation figure in the present embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the mean square deviation schematic diagram of the capacity retention ratio of ten test periods of battery in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation method, this method assess cell health state based on fluctuating range, tool For body, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: acquiring the external characteristics supplemental characteristic of the energy-storage battery, and calculate the wave of the external characteristics supplemental characteristic Dynamic rate;
Step 2: acquiring external characteristics supplemental characteristic, and calculate the outer spy after the energy-storage battery circular flow several times The stability bandwidth of property supplemental characteristic;
Step 3: calculating the variation of the stability bandwidth, judge whether the battery is healthy.
The external characteristics parameter includes cell voltage, capacity, internal resistance and energy, power.In step 1, the set time is acquired The external characteristics supplemental characteristic in cell operation in section or in fixed cycles number.
As shown in Figure 2,3, the respectively battery capacity of certain producer production and cycle-index curved line relation instance graph, battery is held Measure conservation rate and cycle-index curve exemplary diagram.
Can be seen that the external characteristics parameter of the battery --- capacity and capacity retention ratio are as cycle-index is gradually declining Subtract, and the stability of capacity and capacity retention ratio is also running down, shows as the fluctuation for frequently occurring different amplitudes, such as The mean square deviation of capacity retention ratio is increased to 0.3,1.1 from 0.01 in Fig. 3.
In step 1, the stability bandwidth for calculating the external characteristics supplemental characteristic includes:
Calculate in fixed time period or the variance of the external characteristics parameter in fixed cycles number, mean square deviation, it is very poor and The coefficient of variation.
The stability bandwidth for calculating the external characteristics supplemental characteristic includes:
Calculate in fixed time period or the variance of battery external characteristics parameter in fixed cycles number, mean square deviation, it is very poor and The coefficient of variation.
The calculation formula of the variance D of battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed time period or fixed cycles frequency n are as follows:
Wherein, n is time point or fixed cycles number;xnRespectively corresponding to set time or fixed cycles frequency n External characteristics parameter and its average value;
The calculation formula of the meansquaredeviationσ of battery external characteristics parameter x in set time point or fixed cycles frequency n are as follows:
Wherein, n is time point or fixed cycles number;xnRespectively corresponding to set time or fixed cycles frequency n External characteristics parameter and its average value.As shown in figure 4, the mean square deviation that Fig. 4 is the capacity retention ratio of ten test periods of battery is shown It is intended to;
The calculation formula of the very poor A of battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed time period or fixed cycles frequency n are as follows:
A(xn)=xmax,n-xmin,n
Wherein, n is time point or fixed cycles number;xmax,n、xmin,nBattery external characteristics parameter x is respectively indicated in the time Maximum value, the minimum value of point n;
The calculation formula of the coefficient of variation CV of battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed time period or in fixed cycles frequency n Are as follows:
Wherein, n is time point or fixed cycles number;xnRespectively corresponding to set time or fixed cycles frequency n External characteristics parameter and its average value.
In step 3, judge whether health includes: to change with the external characteristics parameter fluctuation of the energy-storage battery to the battery Origin of the base value of parameter as cell health state is assessed, to assess parameter JnWith base value J0Between quotient it is strong as battery The criterion of health state;
The calculation formula of the criterion J of cell health state are as follows:
Further, the present invention provides a kind of judgement embodiment, in embodiment certain producer production energy-storage battery, When the criterion J ∈ [1,30], then judge that the energy-storage battery is in health status;
When the criterion J ∈ [31,100], then judge that the energy-storage battery is in inferior health;
When the criterion J ∈ [101, ∞], then judge that the energy-storage battery is unhealthy.
It should be noted that the range of above-mentioned criterion in actually answering according to different situations, it is different require, different model Battery should can change.
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical solution of the application rather than to its protection scopes Limitation, although the application is described in detail referring to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should Understand: those skilled in the art read the specific embodiment of application can still be carried out after the application various changes, modification or Person's equivalent replacement, but these changes, modification or equivalent replacement, are applying within pending claims.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of energy-storage battery health state evaluation method, it is characterised in that: the described method comprises the following steps:
I, the external characteristics supplemental characteristic of the energy-storage battery is acquired, and calculates the stability bandwidth of the external characteristics supplemental characteristic;
After II, the energy-storage battery circular flow several times, external characteristics supplemental characteristic is acquired, and calculate the external characteristics parameter number According to stability bandwidth;
III, the variation for calculating the stability bandwidth, judge whether the battery is healthy;
In the step I, the stability bandwidth for calculating the external characteristics supplemental characteristic includes:
Calculate the variance, mean square deviation, very poor and variation of the external characteristics parameter in fixed time period or in fixed cycles number Coefficient;
The stability bandwidth for calculating the external characteristics supplemental characteristic includes:
Calculate the variance, mean square deviation, very poor and change of the external characteristics parameter of the battery in fixed time period or in fixed cycles number Different coefficient;
Fixed time period or the variance D of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed cycles frequency n are determined as the following formula:
Fixed time period or the meansquaredeviationσ of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed cycles frequency n are determined as the following formula:
Fixed time period or the very poor A of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed cycles frequency n are determined as the following formula:
A(xn)=xmax,n-xmin,n
The coefficient of variation CV of the battery external characteristics parameter x in fixed time period or in fixed cycles frequency n is determined as the following formula:
In above formula, xnRespectively external characteristics parameter and its average value corresponding to set time point or fixed cycles frequency n, xmax,n、xmin,nRespectively indicate maximum value, minimum value of the battery external characteristics parameter x in time point n;In the step III, judgement Whether health includes: using the base value of the external characteristics parameter fluctuation variation assessment parameter of the energy-storage battery as battery to the battery The origin of health status, to assess parameter JnWith base value J0Between criterion of the quotient as cell health state;
The criterion J of the cell health state is determined as the following formula:
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the external characteristics parameter includes the voltage of battery, capacity, interior Resistance, energy and power.
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CN106610478B (en) * 2017-01-10 2022-04-29 中国电力科学研究院 Energy storage battery characteristic evaluation method and system based on mass data
CN110389302A (en) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-29 西南科技大学 Method for evaluating consistency between a kind of Li-ion batteries piles monomer
CN109856561A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-06-07 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 A kind of health state evaluation method and apparatus of Vehicular dynamic battery group
CN109839602B (en) * 2019-02-02 2020-10-27 爱驰汽车(上海)有限公司 Power battery performance and value evaluation method and device and electronic equipment
CN110515004A (en) * 2019-10-08 2019-11-29 青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司光伏产业技术分公司 A kind of lithium ion battery charge and discharge circulation life calculation method
CN112287979B (en) * 2020-10-14 2023-05-23 北方工业大学 Mutual information-based energy storage battery state judging method

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