CN106030076A - Dual-fuel engine, ship provided with same, and method for controlling dual-fuel engine - Google Patents
Dual-fuel engine, ship provided with same, and method for controlling dual-fuel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106030076A CN106030076A CN201580003440.5A CN201580003440A CN106030076A CN 106030076 A CN106030076 A CN 106030076A CN 201580003440 A CN201580003440 A CN 201580003440A CN 106030076 A CN106030076 A CN 106030076A
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- fuel
- gas
- emitted dose
- fuel gas
- heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/0607—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
- F02D19/061—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
- F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0689—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Provided are a dual-fuel engine capable of minimizing the supply of excessive amounts of heat when fuel is switched, and a method for controlling a dual-fuel engine. The dual-fuel engine (1) is provided with a diesel mode in which the dual-fuel engine (1) is driven by petroleum alone and a gas mode in which the dual-fuel engine (1) is driven by petroleum and gas, and also is provided with a control unit for switching between diesel mode and gas mode and controlling the amounts of both petroleum and gas injected into a cylinder, wherein when the control unit switches from diesel mode to gas mode, the control unit increases the amount of gas injected to a first prescribed amount in the case of a switch start command, and simultaneously reduces the amount of petroleum injected to an equivalent of the amount of heat in the first prescribed amount of gas, after which the control unit performs a control so as to gradually increase the amount of gas injected and gradually reduce the amount of petroleum injected.
Description
Technical field
The boats and ships that the present invention relates to a kind of double fuel machine, possess this double fuel machine and double fuel machine
Control method.
Background technology
As internal combustion engine, use the diesel engine with oil as fuel the most always.But, from environmental protection
From the point of view of Deng, studying gas and oil as fuel, and they switchings are used
Double fuel machine.
Such as, in patent documentation 1, disclose at the double fuel machine as fuel with gas and oil
Middle switching uses the situation of fuel.When only operating with oil for fuel, in combustor, produce storage,
This can hinder with gas for fuel use time process of combustion, therefore fuel is being switched to from oil
During gas, need by set certain period cambic fuel ratio (such as, gas 50%,
Oil 50%) and by storage burning to the greatest extent.
It addition, disclose when using with gas for main fuel, pilot injection oil carries out lighting a fire
Situation.
Prior art literature
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2010-14112 publication
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention is to be solved
But, in an invention disclosed in the above Patent Document 1, when spraying with such as electromagnetic valve
Emanate the control of injection valve of body time, and do not take into account electromagnetic valve because of the minima of minimum injection period
Restriction and the situation of minimum fuel injection amount cannot be finely controlled, thus exist and just switch from oil
During for gas, spray a large amount of gas and cause the problem of the heat temporary excess of supply in cylinder.
In figure 3 it is shown that there is the revolution of double fuel machine when representing gas surplus supply as above
With the figure of the time passage of maximum pressure in cylinder.In detail in this figure, transverse axis is the time, and the longitudinal axis is double combustions
Maximum pressure in the revolution of material machine and cylinder.Here, maximum pressure refers in cylinder, certain shape that operates
Intrinsic pressure peak in cylinder under state, with allowable pressure (higher limit of maximum pressure in cylinder) no
Together, described allowable pressure is on each mechanism that design phase determine consolidates unrelated with operating condition
Some values.
In the t=0 moment, when from only diesel fuel mode with oil as main fuel to gas as main fuel
And with oil as pilot fuel gas mode switching time, if temporary excess supply gas, then as figure
Shown in 3, in the cylinder of double fuel machine, maximum pressure drastically raises from stable value so far, and temporarily
Continue this state, be gradually lowered again stable afterwards.When in cylinder, maximum pressure raises, because of work done
Amount increases and makes the revolution of double fuel machine also become high speed rotating from steady statue.Further, when double
When the revolution of fuel machine rises, it may appear that reduce the instruction of fuel quantity, the increasing of such gas emitted dose
Add and be suppressed, also drastically reduce the area the emitted dose of oil simultaneously.
So, when switching fuel, owing to gas temporary excess supplies, the cylinder of double fuel machine
The respective variation of interior pressure, revolution and total amount of heat (emitted doses of various fuel) increases, no
Stable operating based on burning can be carried out.
The present invention completes in view of the above fact, its object is to, it is provided that one can suppress fuel
Double fuel machine, the boats and ships possessing this double fuel machine and the double fuel of superfluous heat supply during switching
The control method of machine.
Technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the double fuel machine of the present invention, possess the boats and ships of this double fuel machine with
And the control method of double fuel machine uses following methods.
1st mode of the present invention is a kind of double fuel machine, and it has control portion, and this control portion switches
Only by petroleum fuel carry out the 1st operation mode that operates with by described petroleum fuel and fuel gas
Body carries out the 2nd operation mode operated, and controls described petroleum fuel and described fuel gas
Emitted dose, wherein, when switching to described 2nd operation mode from described 1st operation mode, institute
State control portion to be controlled, while making the emitted dose of described fuel gas increase ormal weight, make institute
State the emitted dose that petroleum fuel reduces the heat of the described ormal weight being equivalent to described fuel gas, it
After, make the emitted dose of described fuel gas be gradually increased, make described oil-fired emitted dose simultaneously
Gradually decrease.
According to above-mentioned 1st mode, double fuel facility have only carry out operating the 1st by petroleum fuel
Operation mode and carried out the 2nd operation mode operated by petroleum fuel and fuel gas.When from
1 operation mode to the 2nd operation mode switching time, in order to make total amount of heat not change, carry out with
Lower control, while making the emitted dose of fuel gas increase ormal weight, makes petroleum fuel reduce quite
In the emitted dose of heat of the ormal weight of fuel gas, the emitted dose of fuel gas is made gradually to increase afterwards
Add, make oil-fired emitted dose gradually decrease simultaneously.
The injection valve of fuel gas, such as, have the minima of minimum injection period as electromagnetic valve
Restriction, when be difficult to finely control minimum fuel injection amount time, if switching while spray fuel
Gas, the emitted dose of fuel gas when the most just switching temporarily increases, and causes supplying in cylinder being more than
The superfluous heat of control instruction value.Therefore, in above-mentioned 1st mode, when from the 1st operational mode
Formula, when the 2nd operation mode switching, in order to make the total amount of heat in cylinder not change, makes fuel gas
While the emitted dose of body increases ormal weight, petroleum fuel is made to reduce the regulation being equivalent to fuel gas
The emitted dose of the heat of amount such that it is able to suppression is the variation of the heat of supply in cylinder.Thus, energy
Enough intrinsic pressure variations of cylinder of suppression double fuel machine implement stable switching control, and can be by
NOxVariation with oil consumption controls as much as possible in Min..
In aforesaid way, described control portion be configured to make described oil-fired emitted dose by
Decrescence few to pilot injection amount, make described fuel gas be gradually increased to be equivalent in total amount of heat simultaneously
The emitted dose of the heat in addition to the heat of described pilot injection amount.
According to said structure, oil-fired emitted dose is made to be gradually reduced to pilot injection amount, simultaneously
Fuel gas is made to be gradually increased to be equivalent in total amount of heat the heat in addition to the heat of pilot injection amount
The emitted dose of amount such that it is able to using petroleum fuel as the pilot fuel needed for the burning of fuel gas
Use, and owing to overall total amount of heat is constant, therefore, it is possible to suppression heat of supply in cylinder
The variation of amount.Thereby, it is possible to the intrinsic pressure variation of cylinder of suppression double fuel machine implement stable switching
Control, and can be by NOxVariation with oil consumption controls as much as possible in Min..
2nd mode of the present invention is a kind of double fuel machine, and it has control portion, and this control portion switches
Only by petroleum fuel carry out the 1st operation mode that operates with by described petroleum fuel and fuel gas
Body carries out the 2nd operation mode operated, and controls described petroleum fuel and described fuel gas
Emitted dose, wherein, when switching to described 1st operation mode from described 2nd operation mode, institute
State control portion to be controlled, make the emitted dose of described fuel gas gradually decrease, make described stone simultaneously
The emitted dose of oil fuel is gradually increased, and afterwards, when the handover is complete, makes the spray of described fuel gas
While the amount of penetrating reduces ormal weight, described petroleum fuel is made to increase the rule being equivalent to described fuel gas
The emitted dose of quantitative heat.
According to above-mentioned 2nd mode, when switching to the 1st operation mode from the 2nd operation mode, enter
Row is following to be controlled, and makes the ratio of the emitted dose of fuel gas gradually decrease, makes oil-fired simultaneously
The ratio of emitted dose is gradually increased, when having switched afterwards, in order to make total amount of heat not change,
While the emitted dose making fuel gas reduces ormal weight, make petroleum fuel increase and be equivalent to fuel gas
The emitted dose of the heat of the ormal weight of body.
The injection valve of fuel gas, such as, have the minima of minimum injection period as electromagnetic valve
Restriction, when be difficult to finely control minimum fuel injection amount time, if switching time gradually decrease fuel
The emitted dose of gas, then be temporarily greatly reduced the emitted dose causing fuel gas when having switched,
In cylinder, the heat of supply is well below control instruction value.
Therefore, in above-mentioned 2nd mode, in order to cut to the 1st operation mode from the 2nd operation mode
When having changed, the total amount of heat in cylinder does not changes, and makes the emitted dose of fuel gas reduce ormal weight
Meanwhile, petroleum fuel increase is made to be equivalent to the emitted dose of heat of ormal weight of gaseous fuel, thus
The variation of the heat of supply in cylinder can be suppressed.Thereby, it is possible to the cylinder of suppression double fuel machine is intrinsic pressure
Variation and implement stable switching control, and can be by NOxVariation with oil consumption is as much as possible
Control in Min..
In any one mode above-mentioned, the described ormal weight of described fuel gas is configured to
More than the minimum injection limit of the described minimum injection period of described fuel gas injection valve.
According to said structure, the ormal weight of fuel gas is the minimum injection period of fuel gas injection valve
Between minimum injection limit more than, therefore, it is possible to be set as controllable value, and can suppress due to
The 1st operation mode and the 2nd operation mode that the specification of fuel gas injection valve limits and produces switch
Time fuel gas heat variation, and then the variation of the heat of supply can be suppressed in cylinder, in order to
Total amount of heat in Tong does not changes.
In any one mode above-mentioned, described control portion is configured to have form, its storage
The supply pressure of described fuel gas and the described ormal weight of corresponding described fuel gas and
Be equivalent to the pass of the described oil-fired emitted dose of the heat of the described ormal weight of described fuel gas
System, and when proceeding by the switching of described 1st operation mode and described 2nd operation mode,
Detect the described supply pressure of described fuel gas, and based on this supply pressure detected from described
Form obtains the described ormal weight of described fuel gas and corresponding described oil-fired spray
The amount of penetrating.
According to said structure, by advance by supply pressure and the corresponding fuel of fuel gas
The ormal weight of the emitted dose of gas and be equivalent to each of oil-fired emitted dose of its heat and close
System preserves in the table, and supplies the ormal weight corresponding with the supply pressure detected and spray
The amount of penetrating so that the injection heat of fuel gas changes along with the change of supply pressure, but can
Determine the emitted dose of appropriate fuel gas and oil-fired emitted dose, and can be in cylinder
Suppress the intrinsic pressure variation of cylinder in the case of total amount of heat is constant and implement stable switching control.
3rd mode of the present invention is a kind of boats and ships, and it has the double fuel machine described in any of the above-described item
With the hull carrying described double fuel machine.
According to above-mentioned 3rd mode, owing to any one double fuel machine above-mentioned has been mounted on boats and ships,
Therefore, it is possible to the intrinsic pressure variation of cylinder of suppression machine implement stable switching control.Thus, can enter
It is about to NOxVariation with oil consumption controls as much as possible at minimal, the vessel motion of environmental protection.
The control method that 4th mode is a kind of double fuel machine of the present invention, wherein said double fuel machine
Have and only carry out the 1st operation mode that operates and by described petroleum fuel and combustion by petroleum fuel
Material gas carries out the 2nd operation mode operated, and the control method of described double fuel machine has following step
Rapid: when switching to described 2nd operation mode from described 1st operation mode, to make described fuel gas
While the emitted dose of body increases ormal weight, make described petroleum fuel reduce and be equivalent to described fuel gas
The emitted dose of the heat of the ormal weight of body；And make the emitted dose of described fuel gas be gradually increased,
Make described oil-fired emitted dose gradually decrease simultaneously.
According to above-mentioned 4th mode, double fuel facility have only carry out operating the 1st by petroleum fuel
Operation mode and carried out the 2nd operation mode operated by petroleum fuel and fuel gas.When from
1 operation mode to the 2nd operation mode switching time, in order to make total amount of heat not change, carry out with
Lower control, while making the emitted dose of fuel gas increase ormal weight, makes petroleum fuel reduce quite
In the emitted dose of heat of the ormal weight of fuel gas, the emitted dose of fuel gas is made gradually to increase afterwards
Add, make oil-fired emitted dose gradually decrease simultaneously.
The injection valve of fuel gas, such as, have the minima of minimum injection period as electromagnetic valve
Restriction, when be difficult to finely control minimum fuel injection amount time, if switching while spray fuel
Gas, the emitted dose of fuel gas when the most just switching temporarily increases, and causes supplying in cylinder being more than
The superfluous heat of control instruction value.Therefore, in above-mentioned 4th mode, when switching, in order to
The total amount of heat in cylinder is made not change, while making the emitted dose of fuel gas increase ormal weight,
Petroleum fuel is made to reduce the emitted dose of heat of the ormal weight being equivalent to fuel gas such that it is able to press down
System is the variation of the heat of supply in cylinder.Thereby, it is possible to the variation that the cylinder of suppression double fuel machine is intrinsic pressure
And implement stable switching control, and can be by NOxVariation with oil consumption controls as much as possible
Min..
Beneficial effect
In accordance with the invention it is possible to the variation of the heat supply of suppression fuel gas, therefore, it is possible to suppression
The heat of excess supply in cylinder, and the cylinder of double fuel machine can be suppressed intrinsic pressure and the variation of revolution and
Implement stable switching control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the various fuel of the double fuel machine involved by the 1st embodiment representing the present invention
The cross-sectional view of course of injection and longitudinal section.
Fig. 2 be the double fuel machine involved by the 1st embodiment representing the present invention petroleum fuel and
The figure of the time passage of the heat of fuel gas.
In Fig. 3 is the revolution of the double fuel machine involved by the 1st embodiment representing the present invention and cylinder
The figure of the time passage of maximum pressure.
Fig. 4 is the fuel gas spray of the fuel gas involved by the 2nd embodiment representing the present invention
Penetrate valve injection period and the figure of fuel gas injection valve emitted dose.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, referring to the drawings to double fuel machine involved in the present invention, the ship that possesses this double fuel machine
One embodiment of the control method of oceangoing ship and double fuel machine illustrates.
[the 1st embodiment]
Hereinafter, with reference to Fig. 1, the 1st embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
In fig. 1 it is illustrated that have the double fuel machine involved by present embodiment, possess this double fuel machine
Boats and ships and the Sketch of control method of double fuel machine and the course of injection of various fuel.
As it is shown in figure 1, the primary structure of double fuel machine 1 has: cylinder part 10, piston 20,
Fuel gas injection valve 101 and Fuelinjection nozzle 103.
On double fuel machine 1, it is provided with by cylinder jacket (not shown), cylinder head (not shown)
Deng composition cylinder part 10, in the inside of cylinder part 10, be configured with piston 20, by with piston
20 pitmans connected or crank axle etc. (not shown) export power to outside.
In double fuel machine 1, various fuel are from fuel gas injection valve 101 and Fuelinjection nozzle 103
Injection, supply, and fuel is in cylinder part 10 internal-combustion.
Double fuel machine 1 is equipped on such as boats and ships, exports outside power and passes to propeller also
Propulsive force as boats and ships exports.
The control of fuel gas injection valve 101 is carried out by electromagnetic valve, the phase that corresponding electromagnetic valve is opened
Between, such as in cylinder, injection boosts to the gas (fuel gas) of 150～about 250bar.And
And, Fuelinjection nozzle 103 uses the Fuelinjection nozzle used on such as low speed two stroke diesel engine,
The aperture of corresponding Fuelinjection nozzle, sprays oil (the oil combustion boosted by fuel-injection pump in cylinder
Material).Fuel gas injection valve 101 and Fuelinjection nozzle 103 pass through the control portion not shown in figure
It is controlled.It addition, each fuel gas injection valve 101 and each Fuelinjection nozzle 103 are respectively
It is arranged in the position symmetrical centered by the central shaft of cylinder part 10 above cylinder part 10.
Here, gas can use the compressed natural gas of liquefied natural gas (LNG) gasification boosting
(CNG), any one in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) etc..Further, can use oil,
Any one in heavy oil, light oil etc..
Double fuel machine 1 is by control portion switching only diesel fuel mode with oil as main fuel (the 1st fortune
Rotary-die type) with gas mode (the 2nd operation mode) with gas as main fuel, and by arbitrarily
A kind of pattern operates.When operating in gas mode, need the pilot injection combustion ignited
Material, and in the present embodiment, use oil as pilot injection fuel.It addition, below,
During the period of switching diesel fuel mode with gas mode is referred to as switching.
In Fig. 1 (a) to (c), it is shown that have with gas as main fuel and with oil for igniting
The course of injection of the various fuel under the gas mode of fuel.
Fig. 1 (a) represents condensing routine, is only supplied above piston 20 in cylinder part 10 inside
Air, and do not spray fuel from fuel gas injection valve 101 and Fuelinjection nozzle 103.Along with work
Plug 20 is moved upward, and the air within cylinder part 10 is compressed.
Fig. 1 (b) of next program represents ignition procedure, and piston 20 moves supreme dead center.
At this moment, spray the light fluid needed for gas igniting from Fuelinjection nozzle 103, and from fuel gas
Injection valve 101 sprays gas.Now, Fuelinjection nozzle 103 is as lighting igniting of gas
Valve uses.
Fig. 1 (c) of next program represents burning/dilation procedure, the gas of injection in Fig. 1 (b)
Body and light fluid diffusion combustion.The gas burnt expands, and piston 20 pushes back lower section.
By said procedure is repeated, piston 20 moves up and down, by the crank axle of connection (not
Diagram) etc. to outside export power.
Represent from Fuelinjection nozzle 103 to the heat of the oil of injection in cylinder in fig. 2 it is shown that have
With from fuel gas injection valve 101 to the figure of the time passage of the heat of the gas of injection in cylinder.
In fig. 2, transverse axis is the time, and the longitudinal axis is the coefficient of the heat being equivalent to oil and gas.
About the coefficient of the longitudinal axis, in cylinder during operating before and after Fuel switching, the expected value of total amount of heat is 1.
Further, thick line and thick dashed line be by gas control portion control controlling value (control heat relative to
The ratio of total amount of heat) and conventional control value (it is the controlling value of conventional example, conventional control heat phase
Ratio for total amount of heat), fine rule and controlling value that fine dotted line is oil and conventional control value.
In fig. 2, switch to during switching shown with the operating under diesel fuel mode simultaneously
Oil during gas mode and the conventional control value of the controlling value of gas and oil and gas time
Between elapse.Here, the time t of the start time during Qie Huan is set to 0.
When switching to gas mode from diesel fuel mode, fuel gas injection valve 101 is entered by control portion
Row opens control, but because the gas of supply is gases at high pressure, utilizes electromagnetic valve to spray fuel gas
Valve 101 is controlled, it is known that have the limit of the minima (such as 3～4ms) of minimum injection period
System.Therefore, fuel gas injection valve 101 can not carry out the precise controlling of below minimum injection period,
Emitted dose cannot be gradually increased according to control instruction value, therefore can injection ratio control instruction value big
Little emitted dose.
To this, the emitted dose of the oil owing to spraying from Fuelinjection nozzle 103 gradually decreases, therefore
The increments of gas emitted dose exceedes the decrement of petroleum injection amount, supplies in the cylinder of cylinder part 10
Superfluous heat more than required total amount of heat.
Therefore, as shown in the figure of the gas of Fig. 2 and the controlling value of oil, when from diesel fuel mode to gas
During bulk-mode switching, control portion indicates fuel gas injection valve 101 to increase the 1st when switching simultaneously
Ormal weight (is equivalent to heat Fs), and indicates Fuelinjection nozzle 103 to reduce to be equivalent to the of gas
The emitted dose of the heat Fs of 1 ormal weight.Here, the 1st ormal weight is set to fuel gas injection valve 101
Minimum injection period minimum injection limit more than emitted dose.According to this instruction, at the t=0 of Fig. 2
In the moment, the emitted dose of gas steeply rises to the 1st ormal weight discontinuously from 0.Further, at figure
In the t=0 moment of 2, oil the most drastically reduces from the emitted dose being equivalent to total amount of heat and is equivalent to gas
The deal of the emitted dose of the heat Fs of the 1st ormal weight of body.
Spray the gas of the 1st ormal weight, and spray the 1st be equivalent in total amount of heat except gas
After the oil of the emitted dose of the heat (1-Fs) of the heat Fs of ormal weight, control portion instruction oil
Emitted dose gradually decreases continuously so that it is heat is the heat being equivalent to pilot injection amount in the t2 moment
F1, and indicate the emitted dose of gas to be gradually increased continuously so that it is heat is heat in the t2 moment
F2=1-F1, this heat F2 are the heat in total amount of heat in addition to the heat being equivalent to pilot injection amount
Amount.In order to suppress the variation of total amount of heat, the increasing reducing instruction and gas emitted dose of petroleum injection amount
Add the instruction that instruction reduces and increases with being respectively linear function.But, what it reduced and increased becomes
Gesture is not limited to the example of Fig. 2, as long as the control of suppression total amount of heat variation, can be such as
The minimizing instruction of the curvilinear change of quadratic function and increase instruction.
In the t2 moment, the heat of gas is F2, and the heat of oil is F1, after the t2 moment,
Double fuel machine 1 operates in gas mode.Here, t2 can be identical with the value of t3, for can be suitable
The value set.
By control executed as described above, during the switching between from t=0 moment to t2 in, in cylinder
The total amount of heat of supply is suppressed.
Further, when switching to diesel fuel mode from gas mode, similarly, since fuel gas injection
The restriction of the minima of the minimum injection period of valve 101, it is difficult to precise controlling minimum injection limit, by
In gradually decreasing emitted dose according to control instruction value, the spray of gas when therefore causing having switched
The amount of penetrating temporarily is greatly reduced, and in cylinder, the total amount of heat of supply is far smaller than control instruction value.
Therefore, controlling radical first indicates the emitted dose of oil to be gradually increased so that it is heat reaches total heat
Amount, indicates the emitted dose of gas to be gradually reduced so that it is heat becomes 0 afterwards.Further, switching is worked as
When completing, instruction fuel gas injection valve 101 reduces by the 2nd ormal weight, and indicates Fuelinjection nozzle
103 emitted doses increasing the heat being equivalent to the 2nd ormal weight.Here, the 2nd ormal weight is set to fuel
The emitted dose more than minimum injection limit of the minimum injection period of gas spray valve 101.Refer to according to this
Showing, when switching completes, petroleum injection amount steeply rises discontinuously from pilot injection amount and is equivalent to
The deal of the emitted dose of the heat of the 2nd ormal weight, gas the most drastically reduces by the 2nd rule simultaneously
Quantitative deal.
As it has been described above, according to the double fuel machine involved by present embodiment, possess this double fuel machine
Boats and ships and the control method of double fuel machine, can play following action effect.
Double fuel machine 1 is had the diesel fuel mode only operated by oil and is operated by oil and gas
Gas mode.When switching to gas mode from diesel fuel mode, in order to make total amount of heat in cylinder not
Change, carry out following control, while making the emitted dose of gas increase the 1st ormal weight, make
Oil reduces the emitted dose of the heat of the 1st ormal weight being equivalent to gas, makes the injection of gas afterwards
Amount is gradually increased, and makes the emitted dose of oil gradually decrease simultaneously.
Fuel gas injection valve 101 has the restriction of the minima of minimum injection period, when being difficult to essence
Thin when controlling minimum injection limit, if make the gas of Fig. 2 and the emitted dose of oil such as conventional controlling value that
Sample carries out continuous print switching control and sprays gas while switching sign on, then will not carry out
Precise controlling below minimum injection period, the emitted dose just having started gas when switching temporarily increases,
Cause to supplying heat superfluous compared with the control instruction value to gas in cylinder.At this moment, due to stone
Oil injection amount gradually decreases according to control instruction value, and therefore the increments of gas emitted dose exceedes stone
The decrement of oil spurts amount, in the cylinder of cylinder part 10, supply is more than the superfluous heat of required total amount of heat
Amount.When the heat of the surplus of total amount of heat required in supply is more than cylinder in cylinder, as it is shown on figure 3,
In the cylinder of double fuel machine, maximum pressure drastically raises from stable value so far, and temporarily continues this state.
When maximum pressure raises in cylinder, make the revolution of double fuel machine also from stable because amount of work increases
State becomes high speed rotating.Further, when the revolution of double fuel machine rises, it may appear that reduce fuel
The instruction of amount, the increase of such gas emitted dose is suppressed, and also drastically reduce the area oil simultaneously
Emitted dose.
So, due to gas temporary excess supply, the cylinder pressure of double fuel machine, revolution with
And the respective variation of total amount of heat (emitted doses of various fuel) increases, it is impossible to carry out stable base
Operating in burning.
According to present embodiment, for the total heat made in cylinder when diesel fuel mode switches to gas mode
Amount does not changes, and while making the emitted dose of gas increase the 1st ormal weight, makes oil reduce phase
Emitted dose when the heat of the 1st ormal weight in gas such that it is able to suppression is the heat of supply in cylinder
The variation of amount.Thereby, it is possible to suppression double fuel machine 1 cylinder is intrinsic pressure and the variation of revolution implement steady
Fixed switching control, and can be by NOxVariation with oil consumption suppresses as much as possible in Min..
It addition, make the emitted dose of oil be gradually reduced to pilot injection amount, make gas gradually increase simultaneously
Add to be equivalent to from total amount of heat the emitted dose of heat in addition to the heat of pilot injection amount, from
And oil can be used as the pilot fuel needed for the burning of gas, and due to entirety
Total amount of heat constant, therefore, it is possible to suppression variation of heat of supply in cylinder.Thereby, it is possible to press down
Variation that the cylinder of double fuel machine 1 processed is intrinsic pressure also implements stable switching control, and can be by NOx
Variation with oil consumption controls as much as possible in Min..
Further, the total amount of heat in order to make in cylinder when gas mode has switched to diesel fuel mode is not sent out
Changing, while making the emitted dose of gas reduce by the 2nd ormal weight, makes oil increase be equivalent to gas
The emitted dose of the heat of the 2nd ormal weight of body such that it is able to cutting to diesel fuel mode from gas mode
The variation of the heat of supply in cylinder is suppressed during changing.Thereby, it is possible to suppression double fuel machine 1
The intrinsic pressure variation of cylinder and implement stable switching control, and can be by NOxVariation with oil consumption
Control as much as possible in Min..
Further, since the 1st ormal weight of gas and the 2nd ormal weight are fuel gas injection valve 101
Minimum injection period minimum injection limit more than, therefore, it is possible to preset more than minimum injection limit
Controllable value, make heat offset by setting the petroleum injection amount of the heat suitable with this,
Thus suppress diesel fuel mode and the gas produced owing to the specification of fuel gas injection valve 101 limits
The heat variation of gas during pattern switching, therefore, it is possible to suppression variation of the heat of supply in cylinder,
So that the total amount of heat in cylinder does not changes.
[the 2nd embodiment]
Hereinafter, with reference to Fig. 4, the 2nd embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
In above-mentioned 1st embodiment, the various fuel that various fuel carry out increasing and decreasing when switching
Emitted dose is the value determined, but in the present embodiment, sets various according to the pressure of gas
The emitted dose of fuel.Other aspects are identical with the 1st embodiment, therefore for identical structure mark
Note identical symbol and the description thereof will be omitted.
In fig. 4 it is shown that there is the fuel gas injection valve injection period represented involved by present embodiment
Between and the figure of fuel gas injection valve emitted dose.In the figure, transverse axis is fuel gas injection valve 101
Injection period, the longitudinal axis is the emitted dose of the fuel gas injection valve 101 in each cycle.Tn table
Show minimum injection period, the lower limit of the injection period for being determined by electromagnetic valve.
As shown in Figure 4, when injection period extends, emitted dose also can increase.Further, gas is worked as
When pressure increases in the way of such as 20MPa, 25MPa, 30MPa, not only minimum injection period
The minimum injection limit of tn, the emitted dose in other same injection period also can increase.It addition, it is minimum
Injection period tn is determined, therefore with gas pressure by the electromagnetic valve for fuel gas injection valve 101
Unrelated, represent same value.
So, owing to the minimum injection limit of minimum injection period tn is according to the change of gas pressure
And change, the most in the present embodiment, control portion possesses form, the confession of this form storage gas
To pressure and the 1st ormal weight of corresponding gas and the 1st ormal weight being equivalent to gas
The relation of the petroleum injection amount of heat.
The supply pressure of gas and the 1st ormal weight of corresponding gas are with following formula (1)
Represent.
Mathematical expression 1
Q′∝Hu1×ρf 1/2×ΔP1/2×do2…(1)
In formula (1), the input heat release in gas region [kJ/s] that Q ' is time per unit, ρfFor combustion
Gas density [the kg/m of the spray orifice outlet of material gas spray valve 1013], Δ P is fuel gas injection valve
101 effectively spray pressure [Pa], do is the injection diameter [m] of fuel gas injection valve 101.
Δ P is (the injection pressure of fuel gas injection valve 101)-(cylinder part 10 is intrinsic pressure).
It addition, under the conditions of chokes, Δ P is (the injection pressure of fuel gas injection valve 101)-(grip
Stream pressure), ρfFor density during chokes.
When starting to switch to gas mode from diesel fuel mode, control portion is based on detected gas pressure
Gas pressure detected by sensor (not shown) reference form, obtain and gas from form
1st ormal weight of the gas that body pressure is corresponding and be equivalent to the heat of the 1st ormal weight of gas
Petroleum injection amount.Control portion indicates fuel gas injection valve 101 to increase the gas obtained from form simultaneously
1st ormal weight of body, and indicate Fuelinjection nozzle 103 reduce from form obtain be equivalent to gas
The petroleum injection amount of the heat of the 1st ormal weight of body.
Further, control portion possesses form, this form storage supply pressure of gas and corresponding
2nd ormal weight of gas and be equivalent to the petroleum injection amount of heat of the 2nd ormal weight of gas
Relation.
When starting to switch to diesel fuel mode from gas mode, control portion is based on detected gas pressure
Gas pressure detected by sensor (not shown) reference form, obtain and gas from form
2nd ormal weight of the gas that body pressure is corresponding and be equivalent to the heat of the 2nd ormal weight of gas
Petroleum injection amount.When the handover is complete, control portion indicates fuel gas injection valve 101 to reduce simultaneously
From the 2nd ormal weight of the gas that form obtains, and Fuelinjection nozzle 103 is indicated to increase from form
The petroleum injection amount of the heat of the 2nd ormal weight being equivalent to gas obtained.
As it has been described above, according to the double fuel machine involved by present embodiment, possess this double fuel machine
Boats and ships and the control method of double fuel machine, can play following action effect.
By in advance by the supply pressure of gas and the 1st or of the emitted dose of corresponding gas the
2 ormal weights preserve in the table with the respective relation of the petroleum injection amount being equivalent to its heat, and
And obtain the gas corresponding with the supply pressure of detection and the emitted dose of oil and to cylinder part 10
Cylinder in supply so that the injection heat of gas changes along with the change of supply pressure, but energy
Enough determine appropriate gas emitted dose and petroleum injection amount, and can be constant in the total amount of heat in cylinder
In the case of suppress the intrinsic pressure variation of cylinder and implement stable switching control.
Above, each embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the attached drawings, but concrete structure is not
It is limited to this embodiment, also includes the design alteration in the range of without departing from the purport of the present invention.
Such as, in the above-described embodiment, by gas pressure and the 1st of corresponding gas the or
2nd ormal weight has been stored in form with the respective relation of the petroleum injection amount being equivalent to its heat
In but it also may the gas pressure detected is set in above-mentioned formula (1), thus sets calculation
The heat (emitted dose suitable with it) gone out.
Symbol description
1 double fuel machine
10 cylinder part
20 pistons
101 fuel gas injection valves
103 Fuelinjection nozzles
Claims (7)
1. a double fuel machine, it has a control portion, and petroleum fuel is only passed through in the switching of described control portion
Carry out the 1st operation mode that operates and carry out operating by described petroleum fuel and fuel gas the
2 operation modes, and control described petroleum fuel and the emitted dose of described fuel gas, described double
Fuel machine is characterised by,
When switching to described 2nd operation mode from described 1st operation mode, described control portion is entered
Row controls, and while making the emitted dose of described fuel gas increase ormal weight, makes described petroleum fuel
Reduce the emitted dose of heat of the described ormal weight being equivalent to described fuel gas, afterwards,
The emitted dose making described fuel gas is gradually increased, and makes described oil-fired emitted dose simultaneously
Gradually decrease.
Double fuel machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described control portion makes institute
State oil-fired emitted dose and be gradually reduced to pilot injection amount, make described fuel gas gradually simultaneously
Increase to be equivalent in total amount of heat the injection of heat in addition to the heat of described pilot injection amount
Amount.
3. a double fuel machine, it has a control portion, and petroleum fuel is only passed through in the switching of described control portion
Carry out the 1st operation mode that operates and carry out operating by described petroleum fuel and fuel gas the
2 operation modes, and control described petroleum fuel and the emitted dose of described fuel gas, described double
Fuel machine is characterised by,
When switching to described 1st operation mode from described 2nd operation mode, described control portion is entered
Row controls, and makes the emitted dose of described fuel gas gradually decrease, makes described oil-fired spray simultaneously
The amount of penetrating is gradually increased, and afterwards, when the handover is complete, makes the emitted dose of described fuel gas reduce rule
While Ding Liang, described petroleum fuel is made to increase the heat of the ormal weight being equivalent to described fuel gas
Emitted dose.
Double fuel machine the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that institute
The described ormal weight stating fuel gas is the described minimum injection period of described fuel gas injection valve
More than minimum injection limit.
Double fuel machine the most according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that institute
Stating control portion and have form, it stores the supply pressure of described fuel gas and corresponding described
The described ormal weight of fuel gas and be equivalent to the heat of described ormal weight of described fuel gas
The relation of described oil-fired emitted dose, and proceeding by described 1st operation mode and institute
When stating the switching of the 2nd operation mode, detect the described supply pressure of described fuel gas, and based on
The described supply pressure detected obtain from described form described fuel gas described ormal weight and
Corresponding described oil-fired emitted dose.
6. boats and ships, it is characterised in that have according to any one of claim 1 to 5 is double
Fuel machine；And
Carry the hull of described double fuel machine.
7. a control method for double fuel machine, wherein said double fuel facility are had and are only fired by oil
Material carries out the 1st operation mode that operates and carries out operating by described petroleum fuel and fuel gas
2nd operation mode,
The control method of described double fuel machine is characterised by, has steps of:
When switching to described 2nd operation mode from described 1st operation mode, make described fuel gas
While the emitted dose of body increases ormal weight, make described petroleum fuel reduce and be equivalent to described fuel gas
The emitted dose of the heat of the ormal weight of body；And
The emitted dose making described fuel gas is gradually increased, and makes described oil-fired emitted dose simultaneously
Gradually decrease.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014-039906 | 2014-02-28 | ||
| JP2014039906A JP6297363B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | Dual fuel engine, ship equipped with the same, and control method of dual fuel engine |
| PCT/JP2015/054659 WO2015129547A1 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-02-19 | Dual-fuel engine, ship provided with same, and method for controlling dual-fuel engine |
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| CN106030076A true CN106030076A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN106030076B CN106030076B (en) | 2019-06-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201580003440.5A Active CN106030076B (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-02-19 | The control method of double fuel machine, the ship for having the double fuel machine and double fuel machine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6297363B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101854056B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106030076B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015129547A1 (en) |
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| JP6594714B2 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2019-10-23 | ヤンマー株式会社 | Engine equipment |
| JP6450286B2 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2019-01-09 | ヤンマー株式会社 | Engine equipment |
| JP6134041B1 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2017-05-24 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Engine and engine control method |
| CN115217642B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-05-17 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method and control device for dual-fuel engine |
| CN117780521B (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-05-07 | 烟台哈尔滨工程大学研究院 | Marine dual-fuel engine control method and device based on fuel injection quantity weighting |
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| JP2003065112A (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-03-05 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | Fuel supply controller for engine |
| JP2003239776A (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel supply control device of internal combustion engine |
| CN1500179A (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2004-05-26 | ��к������ʽ���� | Dual fuel engine |
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| JP4931898B2 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2012-05-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Operation control method for internal combustion engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS5740651U (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1982-03-04 | ||
| JP4191586B2 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2008-12-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Combustion control method and combustion control apparatus for gas engine |
| JP4378686B2 (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2009-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine and method for operating the same |
| DE102008031597B4 (en) | 2008-07-03 | 2021-10-07 | Man Energy Solutions Se | Switchable multi-fuel engine and method for switching fuel in such a multi-fuel engine |
| WO2012111114A1 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-08-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Multifuel internal combustion engine, and method of controlling same |
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2014
- 2014-02-28 JP JP2014039906A patent/JP6297363B2/en active Active
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2015
- 2015-02-19 WO PCT/JP2015/054659 patent/WO2015129547A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-02-19 CN CN201580003440.5A patent/CN106030076B/en active Active
- 2015-02-19 KR KR1020167017131A patent/KR101854056B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003065112A (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-03-05 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | Fuel supply controller for engine |
| CN1500179A (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2004-05-26 | ��к������ʽ���� | Dual fuel engine |
| JP2003239776A (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel supply control device of internal combustion engine |
| JP4370586B2 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-11-25 | 明男 石田 | Dual operation mode engine system |
| JP4931898B2 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2012-05-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Operation control method for internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2015165106A (en) | 2015-09-17 |
| JP6297363B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 |
| KR20160085899A (en) | 2016-07-18 |
| WO2015129547A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
| CN106030076B (en) | 2019-06-07 |
| KR101854056B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
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