CN106027444A - Method for suppressing peak-to-average power ratio of subcarrier modulation OFDM system - Google Patents
Method for suppressing peak-to-average power ratio of subcarrier modulation OFDM system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and particularly to a method for reducing the PAPR in a subcarrier index modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. In the method of the present invention, amplitude limiting processing is performed on a modulated signal first, so that cancelled amplitude limiting noise is obtained, and amplitude limiting noise is obtained finally. Compared with the conventional constellation extension method, the method of the present invention can extend constellation points to a greater extent, thereby significantly improving the PAPR suppression performance and having good BER performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, be specifically related to sub-carrier indices modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(Subcarrier Index Modulation Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, SIM-
OFDM) method reducing PAPR in system.
Background technology
Ofdm system, as a kind of multi-carrier modulation, data stream at a high speed by serial/parallel conversion, is converted into some
Parallel low rate data streams, the different sub carrier being mapped to OFDM symbol is transmitted.Owing to the modulation and demodulation of OFDM is permissible
Realize with FFT and IFFT so that OFDM is as one of crucial technology, during being widely used in B3G/4G evolution.
But ofdm system is while promoting systematic function higher, there is also several important defect, such as to frequency
The impact of rate skew and phase noise is very sensitive, performance extreme degradation in the case of there is frequency shift (FS) and phase noise；
Peak-to-average force ratio (PAPR) is higher, reduces the power efficiency of radio frequency amplifier；And introduce to eliminate intersymbol interference (ISI) follows
It is many that ring prefix (CP) makes the availability of frequency spectrum reduce.
In recent years, one be referred to as based on sub-carrier indices modulation (SIM) multi-transceiver technology be suggested.Based on subcarrier
The multi-transceiver technology main thought of index modulation is to utilize index bit that a part of sub-carrier activation carries data to send, other
Subcarrier is mourned in silence.It can be to regard the space-modulation technique extension form at frequency domain as.Relative to conventional OFDM systems, SIM-
OFDM can between systematic function and the availability of frequency spectrum flexible, by reduce activate subcarrier number, can be fine
Ground obtains PAPR performance, and can suppress the frequency shift (FS) impact on systematic function well.Map according to subcarrier-modulated
Mode, can be divided into tradition sub-carrier indices modulation, interleaved modulation, Stochastic Modulation mapping etc..
But the PAPR of SIM-OFDM system is the highest, need to reduce further.It is understood that constellation extension method can
Not losing the BER performance of system while reducing PAPR, shortcoming is to improve transmitting power, and along with order of modulation is got over
High PAPR rejection is the poorest.The algorithm that the present invention proposes carries out constellation point expansion respectively for activation subcarrier and silent subcarriers
Exhibition and correcting process, reaching more preferable PAPR inhibition, it is ensured that the BER performance of receiving terminal.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the method for suppressing peak to average ratio of a kind of subcarrier-modulated ofdm system.
The thinking of the present invention is:
First the signal of modulation is done amplitude limiting processing, obtain offsetting clipped noise cclip, obtain C through FFT to frequency domainclipIf,
This noise frequency constellation point at the expandable area of former data symbol, then retains this noise frequency；If this noise frequency exists
On the vacant subcarrier of un-activation, the most also retain this noise frequency；If this noise frequency is not on the vacant subcarrier of un-activation, and
Frequency propagation direction is not exclusively the extended area of original signal, is the most only retained in the part of expandable area, and remainder sets to 0
(such as: the real part of certain noise frequency is at expandable area, but imaginary part does not exists, then this noise frequency retains real part, and imaginary part is put
0；Vice versa)；If this noise frequency is not on the vacant subcarrier of un-activation, and the most not at the expandable area of original signal,
The most all set to 0, finally obtain clipped noiseSend symbol and become original constellation point symbol plus clipped noise
For convenience of the description of the inventive method, now SIM-OFDM is introduced:
The information bit of one frame SIM-OFDM symbol transmission is G k log2(M), index bit number isTotal bit number isM is debugging exponent number.
Tradition OFDM send be information bit be G k log2(M), then it is modulated into M-QAM symbol and launches, and
SIM-OFDM is to G k log2(M) these information bits first carry out the M-QAM of OFDM and are modulated into data symbol, then pass through rope
Draw bit to be mapped to one by one in SIM-OFDM symbol by these data symbols.
Example 1: assume SIM-OFDM total sub-carrier number N=4, is divided into 2 blocks, and each piece has 2 carrier waves, in these 2 carrier waves
One sends data symbol one and does not send data.If order of modulation M=4, i.e. 4-QAM or be QPSK, the most a total of 2
Data symbol [X1, X2], the carrier wave of 2 unactivated skies.Corresponding index bit might as well be set as [0,1], it is assumed that agree in advance
When index bit is 0, activates the later carrier wave that corresponding son is fast, if instead index bit is 1, activate previous carrier wave.
For previous example, data symbol to be sent is X1, X2 (pass through M-QAM modulation), manipulative indexing bit be [0,
1], if OFDM, then directly data symbol [X1, X2] IFFT is sent to time domain, and our SIM-to be modulated into
If OFDM, it is assumed that before modulation, 4 carrier waves of SIM-OFDM are all empty, and i.e. [0,0,0,0], the 1st, 3 two carrier wave is a son
Block, the 2nd, 4 two carrier wave is a sub-block, if being previously noted manipulative indexing bit is the fast index ratio of [0,1] first son
Specially for 0, then activate the later carrier wave that first son is fast, previous carrier wave is empty, and i.e. the 1st carrier data symbol is empty,
3rd carrier wave continues as X1, i.e. [0,0, X1,0]；Continuing the next data symbol X2 of modulation, now index bit is 1, then
Activating the 2nd the fast previous carrier wave of son, later is empty, i.e. [0, X2, X1,0]；So by original OFDM data symbol
[X1, X2] is modulated into SIM-OFDM symbol [0, X2, X1,0].
Example 2:OFDM data symbol [X1, X2], manipulative indexing bit [0,0], then the SIM-OFDM symbol being modulated into is
[0,0, X1, X2].(1,3 son is fast, and 2,4 sons are fast)
Example 3:OFDM data symbol [X1, X2, X3, X4], manipulative indexing bit [0,1,1,0], then the SIM-being modulated into
OFDM symbol is [0, X2, X3,0, X1,0,0, X4].(1,5 carrier wave one is fast, and 2,6 carrier wave one are fast, 3,7 carrier waves one
Son is fast, and 4,8 carrier wave one are fast)
That is,
Generate information data bits G k log2(M) and(number is all through calculating, allowing and adjust below
The data symbol of system is with index bit one to one)；
Information data bits by M-QAM be modulated into data symbol [X1, X2 ... .Xn]；
Data symbol [X1, X2 ... .Xn] the fast carrier wave of every height of correlation index bit active SIM-OFDM, finally
It is modulated into the sign format of SIM-OFDM one by one.Subscript n is index bit number.
Wherein, data symbol Xi, i=1,2,3 ... be to modulate, according to M-QAM, the data symbol needing to have modulated, right
Bit is answered to calculate accordingly.
The mode of piecemeal has several, but modulation time and receiving terminal all be acquiescence, be prior fixed mode, than
As above example being all carry out piecemeal in an interleaved fashion, the first half of all carrier waves and latter half one_to_one corresponding, than
If total carrier number is N, each fast 2 carrier waves, then the block divided is (1, N/2+1), (2, N/2+2) ..., (k, N/2+k) ...,
(N/2, N), sending total carrier number after so having modulated is the modulation symbol of N.Can also every 2 carrier waves one fast, such as (1,2),
(3,4) ... etc. partitioned mode.
A kind of method for suppressing peak to average ratio of subcarrier-modulated ofdm system, step is as follows:
S1, carrier index (SIM) are modulated, and obtain frequency domain signal X, concretely comprise the following steps:
S11, N number of subcarrier being divided into G=N/l sub-block, described sub-block contains l subcarrier, random in described sub-block
Selecting k subcarrier to activate, in described sub-block, remaining l-k subcarrier does not send data, wherein, k=1, and 2,
3 ..., l, described k subcarrier activates according to index bit；
S12, sub-block described in S11 is operated, i.e. the modulation bit that sim module extracts obtains through M-QAM modulation
Constellation point symbol to be sent, described constellation point symbol to be sent is transmitted by k subcarrier described in the S11 being activated；
S13, obtain frequency domain signal X；
S2, time-frequency conversion, i.e. frequency domain signal X described in S1 is obtained time-domain signal x=[x (1), x through IFFT conversion
(2),...,x(N)]；
S3, initialization, particularly as follows: initialize iterations iter=0, arranging maximum iteration time is Max_iter, if
Putting clip levels is A, and wherein, Max_iter and A is empirical value；
S4, time-domain signal x (t) described in S2 is carried out time domain amplitude limit, obtain peak value offset signalWhereinIt is the set after x (t) amplitude limit, particularly as follows:
If | x (t) | is≤A, then time-domain signal x (t) keeps constant, i.e.Wherein, t=1,2 ..., N,
If | x (t) | is ＞ A, thenI.e.Wherein,Phase for x (t)
Position；
S5, counteracting symbol time-frequency conversion, i.e. by peak value offset signal c described in S4clipC is obtained to frequency domain through FFTclip；
S6, carry out constellation extension, obtain new peak value offset symbol
Specifically comprise the following steps that
If S61 is Cclip(K) on unactivated subcarrier, then described C is retainedclip(K), wherein, K=1,2 ..., N, its
Middle Cclip=[Cclip(1),Cclip(2),...,Cclip(N)]。
If S62 is Cclip(K) at the expandable area of raw data symbols X (K), then described C is retainedclip(K)；
If S63 is Cclip(K) not on unactivated subcarrier, and only real part (imaginary part) at expandable area, then retains
Cclip(K) real part (imaginary part), imaginary part (real part) sets to 0, and vice versa；
If S64 is Cclip(K) real part and imaginary part, the most not at expandable area, the most all set to 0；
S7, according to described in S6 update CclipForObtain new transmission symbol
S8, calculating PAPR, select to send symbol, particularly as follows: willIFFT obtains to time domainCalculate's
If now signalPAPR be ideal value (PAPR iteration threshold P), then output send symbol
Otherwise, iterations iter=iter+1, return S4, until iteration reaches the upper limit, output sends symbol
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention proposes a kind of method that SIM-OFDM system reduces PAPR, and the advantage of the method is mainly reflected in: phase
Than in conventional constellation development method, the method that we improve can expanding constellation point by a larger margin so that PAPR rejection is big
Width improves, and has fine BER performance.
By analyzing SIM-OFDM system PAPR and the feature of BER performance, according to making each constellation point can be as far as possible
Increasing the Euclidean distance between each constellation point while big suppression PAPR is principle, expanding constellation point as much as possible,
Effect to fine performance.And order of modulation is the lowest, performance is the best.In a word, this programme volume outstanding feature is: is greatly improved and can expand
Exhibition number of constellation points, and PAPR rejection is greatly improved and there is fine BER performance
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional SIM-OFDM system block diagram.
Fig. 2 provides the expandable area of QPSK and 16QAM modulation.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the reduction SIM-OFDM system PAPR algorithm proposed in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is traditional SIM-OFDM system block diagram, the left side QAMsymbol2 of convention carrier index modulation in figure,
QAMsymbol1 seeks to the OFDM data symbol mapped, and 01 on the right of it are index bits, and the first fast index bit of son is 0,
Activate the later carrier wave that first son is fast, i.e. on the right of Fig. 1, Subcarrier3 puts into QAMsymbol2, second index bit
Be 1, then activate the previous carrier wave that second son is fast, i.e. Subcarrier2 puts into QAMsymbol 1, and other are unactivated
Unloaded ripple.
Present embodiment uses Matlab2012a emulation platform to test.Experiment simulation parameter is as follows: sub-carrier number N
=256, l=2, k=1, amplitude limit thresholding A=4.68dB, maximum iteration time Max_iter=3, iteration PAPR thresholding is P=
6dB, modulation system uses QPSK, and signal to noise ratio interval is [0,8] (dB), and in emulation, signal only crosses Gaussian white noise channel.
The present invention utilizes above-mentioned parameter to carry out experiment simulation on Matlab, when first time iteration PAPR is 10-4, compared to intertexture
The original PAPR of SIM-OFDM system have the gain of about 3.3dB, now BER only has the performance loss of 0.1dB at 10-4, and
PAPR iteration threshold 6dB can be reached when the 3rd iteration, have 5.3dB compared to the original PAPR of SIM-OFDM system interweaved
The gain of left and right, and now BER (when actually second time iteration PAPR is 10-3, just only has the performance loss of 0.2dB at 10-4
The iteration threshold of 6dB can be reached, but fail all to converge to 6dB iteration threshold at 10-4).
A kind of method for suppressing peak to average ratio of subcarrier-modulated ofdm system, step is as follows:
S1, carrier index (SIM) are modulated, and obtain frequency domain signal X, concretely comprise the following steps:
S11, N number of subcarrier being divided into G=N/l sub-block, described sub-block contains l subcarrier, random in described sub-block
Selecting k subcarrier to activate, in described sub-block, remaining l-k subcarrier does not send data, wherein, k=1, and 2,
3 ..., l, described k subcarrier activates according to index bit；
S12, sub-block described in S11 is operated, i.e. the modulation bit that sim module extracts obtains through M-QAM modulation
Constellation point symbol to be sent, described constellation point symbol to be sent is transmitted by k subcarrier described in the S11 being activated；
S13, obtain frequency domain signal X；
S2, time-frequency conversion, i.e. frequency domain signal X described in S1 is obtained time-domain signal x=[x (1), x through IFFT conversion
(2),...,x(N)]；
S3, initialization, particularly as follows: initialize iterations iter=0, arranging maximum iteration time is Max_iter, if
Putting clip levels is A, and wherein, Max_iter and A is empirical value；
S4, time-domain signal x (t) described in S2 is carried out time domain amplitude limit, obtain peak value offset signalWhereinIt is the set after x (t) amplitude limit, particularly as follows:
If | x (t) | is≤A, then time-domain signal x (t) keeps constant, i.e.Wherein, t=1,2 ..., N,
If | x (t) | is ＞ A, thenI.e.Wherein,Phase for x (t)
Position；
S5, counteracting symbol time-frequency conversion, i.e. by peak value offset signal c described in S4clipC is obtained to frequency domain through FFTclip；
S6, carry out constellation extension, obtain new peak value offset symbol
Concrete steps such as happiness:
If S61 is Cclip(K) on unactivated subcarrier, then described C is retainedclip(K), wherein, K=1,2 ..., N, its
Middle Cclip=[Cclip(1),Cclip(2),...,Cclip(N)]。
If S62 is Cclip(K) at the expandable area of raw data symbols X (K), then described C is retainedclip(K)；
If S63 is Cclip(K) not on unactivated subcarrier, and only real part (imaginary part) at expandable area, then retains
Cclip(K) real part (imaginary part), imaginary part (real part) sets to 0, and vice versa；
If S64 is Cclip(K) real part and imaginary part, the most not at expandable area, the most all set to 0；
S7, according to described in S6 update CclipForObtain new transmission symbol
S8, calculating PAPR, select to send symbol, particularly as follows: willIFFT obtains to time domainCalculatePAPR,
If now signalPAPR be ideal value (PAPR iteration threshold P), then output send symbol
Otherwise, iterations iter=iter+1, return S4, until iteration reaches the upper limit, output sends symbol
By analyzing SIM-OFDM system PAPR and the feature of BER performance, according to making each constellation point can be as far as possible
Increasing the Euclidean distance between each constellation point while big suppression PAPR is principle, expanding constellation point as much as possible,
Effect to fine performance.And order of modulation is the lowest, performance is the best.In a word, this programme volume outstanding feature is: is greatly improved and can expand
Exhibition number of constellation points, and PAPR rejection is greatly improved and there is fine BER performance.
Claims (1)
1. the method for suppressing peak to average ratio of a subcarrier-modulated ofdm system, it is characterised in that step is as follows: S1, carrier index
(SIM) modulation, obtains frequency domain signal X, concretely comprises the following steps:
S11, N number of subcarrier being divided into G=N/l sub-block, described sub-block contains l subcarrier, randomly chooses k in described sub-block
Individual subcarrier activates, and in described sub-block, remaining l-k subcarrier does not send data, wherein, k=1, and 2,3 ..., l, institute
State k subcarrier to activate according to index bit；
S12, sub-block described in S11 is operated, i.e. the modulation bit that sim module extracts obtains pending through M-QAM modulation
Constellation point symbol, described constellation point symbol to be sent is sent to be transmitted by k subcarrier described in the S11 being activated；
S13, obtain frequency domain signal X；
S2, time-frequency conversion, i.e. by frequency domain signal X described in S1 through IFFT conversion obtain time-domain signal x=[x (1), x (2) ..., x
(N)]；
S3, initialization, particularly as follows: initialize iterations iter=0, arranging maximum iteration time is Max_iter, arranges limit
Width level is A, and wherein, Max_iter and A is empirical value；
S4, time-domain signal x (t) described in S2 is carried out time domain amplitude limit, obtain peak value offset signalWhereinIt is the set after x (t) amplitude limit, particularly as follows:
If | x (t) | is≤A, then time-domain signal x (t) keeps constant, i.e.Wherein, t=1,2 ..., N,
If | x (t) | is ＞ A, thenI.e.Wherein,Phase place for x (t)；
S5, counteracting symbol time-frequency conversion, i.e. by peak value offset signal c described in S4clipC is obtained to frequency domain through FFTclip；
S6, carry out constellation extension, obtain new peak value offset symbol
Specifically comprise the following steps that
If S61 is Cclip(K) on unactivated subcarrier, then described C is retainedclip(K), wherein, K=1,2 ..., N, wherein
Cclip=[Cclip(1),Cclip(2),...,Cclip(N)]。
If S62 is Cclip(K) at the expandable area of raw data symbols X (K), then described C is retainedclip(K)；
If S63 is Cclip(K) not on unactivated subcarrier, and only real part (imaginary part) at expandable area, then retains Cclip
(K) real part (imaginary part), imaginary part (real part) sets to 0, and vice versa；
If S64 is Cclip(K) real part and imaginary part, the most not at expandable area, the most all set to 0；
S7, according to described in S6 update CclipForObtain new transmission symbol
S8, calculating PAPR, select to send symbol, particularly as follows: willIFFT obtains to time domainCalculatePAPR,
If now signalPAPR be ideal value (PAPR iteration threshold P), then output send symbol
Otherwise, iterations iter=iter+1, return S4, until iteration reaches the upper limit, output sends symbol
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| CN107332799A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-07 | 电子科技大学 | Planisphere design method for index modulation ofdm system |
| CN107707500A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-02-16 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of OFDM sequence number modulator approaches based on various modes |
| CN107707500B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2021-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) serial number modulation method based on multiple modes |
| CN107819721A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-03-20 | 天津大学 | A kind of spectral efficient multi-carrier modulation method of various dimensions sub-carrier indices activation |
| CN107819721B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-09-01 | 天津大学 | High-spectrum-efficiency multi-carrier modulation method for multi-dimensional subcarrier index activation |
| WO2020142044A1 (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-09 | İstanbul Medi̇pol Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ | Data transmission method using location adjusted, sub carrier number modulation, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing |
| CN109688083A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-26 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Orthogonal multi-carrier full-index communication transmission method based on subblock design |
| CN109688083B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-04-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Orthogonal multi-carrier full-index communication transmission method based on subblock design |
| CN112152957A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 福建江夏学院 | OFDM peak-to-average power ratio suppression method and suppressor based on deep amplitude limiting and constellation expansion |
| CN113489665A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-08 | 武汉大学 | Method for reducing peak-to-average power ratio in radar communication integrated system |
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