CN106027238A - True random number generator applicable to wireless communication system - Google Patents
True random number generator applicable to wireless communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106027238A CN106027238A CN201610502475.XA CN201610502475A CN106027238A CN 106027238 A CN106027238 A CN 106027238A CN 201610502475 A CN201610502475 A CN 201610502475A CN 106027238 A CN106027238 A CN 106027238A
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- random number
- true random
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- number sequence
- wireless communication
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0861—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0869—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords involving random numbers or seeds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/06—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators
- H04L9/0618—Block ciphers, i.e. encrypting groups of characters of a plain text message using fixed encryption transformation
- H04L9/0631—Substitution permutation network [SPN], i.e. cipher composed of a number of stages or rounds each involving linear and nonlinear transformations, e.g. AES algorithms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/02—Protecting privacy or anonymity, e.g. protecting personally identifiable information [PII]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of wireless communication, and relates to a true random number generator applicable to a wireless communication system. Through improvement of the structure of a traditional true random number generator, the radio frequency receiving channel of the wireless communication system is taken as a true random number source and an extraction circuit, through adoption of a post processing circuit, the performance of true random numbers is ensured, and the traditional true random number generator provided by the invention has relatively high application value in aspects such as communication and information security. The specific structure of the traditional true random number generator is that the on-chip radio frequency receiving channel is multiplexed as the true random number source, noise signals of a reference source are obtained for amplification and processing, noises are quantified by an on-chip AD, the random numbers are extracted by an oscillator through an oscillation sampling method, and after the random numbers are processed by the post processing circuit, a true random number sequence is output. Compared with the prior art, an external noise source chip or an on-chi physical noise source is unnecessary. The cost and complexity of the system are reduced; the structure of the extraction circuit is simplified; and the discreteness and entropy of the random numbers are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication field, relate to a kind of be applicable to wireless communication system true with
Machine number generator.
Background technology
Random number occupies an important position in cryptography, almost all of cryptographic algorithm and agreement
Will use some must be secret data for assailant, such as to a cryptographic algorithm
For, if secret is resided among key, then key is exactly secret, including symmetric cryptography
The key of algorithm (DES, AES etc.) and asymmetric cryptographic algorithm (RSA, DSA etc.) close
Key to etc., and these keys must be random number.For the perfect guarantor uniquely having been proven that
For close system one-time pad system, its safety is dependent on key, its key must be with
Machine number.
Along with the development of encryption and decryption technology, the requirement to high quality random numbers also grows with each passing day.Soft
The randomizer that part method realizes is to utilize software algorithm to produce random number sequence.But,
This sequence is decided by algorithm and the initial seed used, and has certain periodicity.Due to
There is this characteristic, the randomizer that software realizes is commonly called pseudorandom number generator
(Pseudo Random Number Generator, PRNG).If assailant has enough
Computing capability, the generation rule of pseudo random number can be predicted the most completely.Many is used
For the security system of pseudo random number, pseudo random number is doomed to become the bottleneck that they performances improve.
Even if the miscellaneous part of a security system all safe enoughs, use pseudo random number also can make whole
System becomes the most fragile, is vulnerable to attack.
And true random number sequence is uncertain, thus be also impossible to occur to be repeated cyclically
True random number sequence.It can only be produced by random physical process, as circuit thermal noise,
Cosmic noise, radioactive decay etc..Hardware approach realizes real random number generator (True
Random Number Generator, TRNG) depend on the random character of physical component,
Such as arc light, nuclear ray decay, resistance or the noise of diode.True random number
Generator need unlike pseudorandom number generator set initial seed, produced at random
Number derives from real random physical process, thus eliminates the periodicity of pseudo random number up hill and dale
Problem, only real random number generator are just provided that real, the most unduplicated random number sequence.
In integrated circuits, generally can be classified as three big for most of real random number generator designs
Class: amplifying circuit noise, chaos circuit, vibration sampling.At present, randomizer design
In most popular method be oscillator sample method, its fundamental design idea is to utilize two independent works
Relativeness between the high and low frequency agitator made obtains non-determined noise source, uses low frequency vibration
Swing device sampling high frequency generator, thus produce true random number sequence.
Real random number generator, as one of the core component of modern wireless communication systems, is sent out
Waving extremely important effect, on sheet, the design work of real random number generator the most increasingly obtains
The attention of people.Although true random number based on the generation of physical accidental source is in the length of random sequence
The aspects such as degree, independence are compared pseudorandom number generator and have been obtained breakthrough, but it produces
The randomness of raw true random number sequence is not sufficiently stable, random number of low quality.It is said that in general,
High quality true random number sequence has characteristics such as being evenly distributed, cycle length, sequence are unrelated.Inspection
Test sequence quality and have a series of inspections such as followability, the distance of swimming, uniformity, independence, dependency
Index and the method for testing such as analysis of spectrum, ENT (a kind of random number performance detection program).Thing
Although reason stochastic source can provide true random number sequence truly, but does not represent it
The true random number sequence produced has the highest quality, the most not necessarily disclosure satisfy that above-mentioned test
Requirement.If can mathematical method and physical method be combined, then possible generation is high-quality very
Random number.For implementation method, have based on software, based on hardware and soft or hard combines
Etc. method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of true random number being applicable to wireless communication system to occur
Device, by improving traditional real random number generator structure, utilizes wireless communication system
Radio frequency reception channel as true random number source and extract circuit, and use post processing circuitry to ensure
The performance of true random number, has higher using value at aspects such as communication, information securities.
To be solved technical problem is that is realized by techniques below scheme:
A kind of real random number generator being applicable to wireless communication system, it is characterised in that: include
True random number source, extraction circuit and post processing circuitry, described true random number source obtains a reference source and makes an uproar
Sound is also amplified and processes, and exports to extracting circuit after forming simulation random number source；Extract electricity
Road utilizes A/D on sheet that simulation random number source carries out quantifying to be formed digitized random number source, and
Utilize PLL to obtain true random number sequence by concussion sampling method, extract circuit by truly random number sequence
Row output is to post processing circuitry；True random number sequence is corrected by post processing circuitry successively, line
Property feedback shift and Nonlinear Diffusion.
Wherein, described true random number source includes low-noise amplifier and RF front-end circuit, base
Quasi-source noise exports to low-noise amplifier；A reference source noise is put by low-noise amplifier
Greatly, and will amplify after a reference source noise export to RF front-end circuit；RF front-end circuit will
A reference source noise after amplification carries out being mixed, filter and amplifying, and forms simulation random number source.
Wherein, described post processing circuitry includes that von Neumann corrector, linear feedback shift are posted
Storage and AES computing ciphering unit, the uniform of true random number sequence is divided by von Neumann corrector
Cloth and dependency are corrected, and the true random number sequence after correcting exports to linear feedback shift
Depositor；Linear feedback shift register carries out linear feedback to the true random number sequence after correcting
Displacement, exports the true random number sequence after linear feedback shift to AES computing ciphering unit；
AES computing ciphering unit is for carrying out non-linear to the true random number sequence after linear feedback shift
Diffusion, and export.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the feature of wireless communication system is utilized, by low-noise amplifier to a reference source noise
It is amplified as true random number source, it is no longer necessary to the physics on outside noise source chip or sheet
Random number source, reduces cost and the complexity of system；
2, utilize the a/d converter on sheet and PLL as the extraction circuit of random number, simplify
Extract circuit structure；
3, von Neumann corrector, linear feedback shift register and the group of AES unit are utilized
Cooperation is Digital post-processing circuit, can be effectively improved discreteness and the entropy of random number.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of real random number generator of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the RF front-end circuit structural representation of true random number source in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the oscillating circuit structural representation that in the present invention, true random number extracts circuit；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the linear feedback shift register of post processing circuitry in the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the AES computing ciphering unit of post processing circuitry in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, real random number generator of the present invention includes true random number source, carries
Sense circuit and post processing circuitry, described true random number source obtain a reference source noise and be amplified and
Process, export to extracting circuit after forming simulation random number source；Extract circuit and utilize A/D on sheet
Simulation random number source carries out quantifying to be formed digitized random number source, and utilizes PLL to pass through shake
Swing sampling method and obtain true random number sequence, extract circuit and true random number sequence is exported to post processing
Circuit；True random number sequence is corrected by post processing circuitry successively, linear feedback shift and non-
Export after linear diffusion.Wherein, described true random number source includes low-noise amplifier and radio frequency
Front-end circuit, a reference source noise exports to low-noise amplifier；Low-noise amplifier is to a reference source
Noise is amplified, and will amplify after a reference source noise export to RF front-end circuit；Radio frequency
Front-end circuit will amplify after a reference source noise carry out being mixed, filter and amplifying, formed simulation with
Machine number source.Post processing circuitry include von Neumann corrector, linear feedback shift register and
AES unit, true random number sequence is uniformly distributed by von Neumann corrector and dependency is carried out
Correcting, the true random number sequence after correcting exports to linear feedback shift register；Linear anti-
Feedback shift register carries out linear feedback shift to the true random number sequence after correcting, and will be the most anti-
True random number sequence after feedback displacement exports to AES computing ciphering unit；AES computing encryption is single
Unit is for carrying out Nonlinear Diffusion to the true random number sequence after linear feedback shift, and exports.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the RF front-end circuit of true random number source, including frequency mixer, low pass filtered
Ripple device and variable gain amplifier composition.True random number source is by opening switch 1, Guan Bi switch
2, utilize low-noise amplifier that a reference source noise is amplified, by sampling DC reference source
Noise is also amplified, then penetrate on multiplexing sheet front-end circuit complete the mixing of signal, filtering and
Amplifying, form true random number source, open switch 2, Guan Bi switch 1 can realize radio frequency reception.
Realize based on concussion sampling method as it is shown on figure 3, true random number extracts circuit, utilize A/D
Transducer carries out quantifying to produce random sequence to noise signal, simultaneously low by PLL generation one
Frequently clock signal, as the sampling clock of true random number, sampled input signal, thus output is true
Random number sequence.
Owing to the true random number bit current mass of true random number source output is the highest, it is understood that there may be by even
Length zero that continuous multiple " 0 " or multiple " 1 " form or long one sequence, locate after therefore using
Reason circuit completes digital processing to random sequence.In order to improve the randomness index of true random number,
By the value discretization of true random number sequence, first data are sent into von Neumann corrector, then
Send into follow-up linear feedback shift register and AES encryption unit processes.
Von Neumann corrector for as if the fixing real random number generator of probability of occurrence
Output, and output digitized noise signal be incoherent, von Karman corrector is entangling
Being uniformly distributed of positive sequence is fine with dependency aspect effect.
As shown in Figure 4, described LFSR uses 128 linear feedback shift registers to realize,
Its feedback function isThe sequence period of its random number produced is a length of
2128-1；During described LFSR work, first by von Neumann corrector as the seed of LFSR
Filling in these 128 LFSR, now, it is 0 that LFSR output enables signal, data by than
In special entrance LFSR；After 128 of LFSR are stuffed entirely with terminating, LFSR exports enable
Signal becomes 1, and now, LFSR starts working, and LFSR outfan starts to export random number sequence
Row.
The effect of AES arithmetic element be utilize aes algorithm as spread function, non-by repeating
Linear transformation, mixed function conversion, the Nonlinear Diffusion that byte substitution computing is produced, reach
Sufficiently mixing, makes the grouping information statistical property after encryption be more evenly distributed.As it is shown in figure 5,
Depositor and cipher key register generate AES by the random number sequence obtaining LFSR output in plain text
The plaintext of 128 bits needed for computing and key；After generating with key in plain text, control unit
Send enable signal to AES computing module, state machine control AES encryption computing.Fortune
True random number after calculation completes, after true random number output register exports the encryption of 128 bits
Sequence.
The workflow of real random number generator of the present invention is: when chip needs true random number sequence
Time, first disconnect the switch 1 of antenna, be closed at the switch 2 in DC reference source, so that
Can true random number source and extraction circuit；Enable von Neumann corrector, the bit that will produce subsequently
Stream is sent in LFSR insert depositor as seed, until 128 bit registers fill up, opens
Dynamic LFSR, the random number sequence after output LFSR process；Random number after LFSR is processed
Sequence is filled into plaintext and the cipher key register of AES encryption unit, starts AES after completely filling out
Computing, final output 128bits ciphertext exports as the random number of real random number generator,
Rear switching antenna and a reference source switch, radio frequency part returns to wireless receiving state.
Although above in conjunction with figure, invention has been described, but the invention is not limited in
The detailed description of the invention stated, above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only schematically rather than to limit
Property processed, those of ordinary skill in the art is under the enlightenment of the present invention, without departing from the present invention
In the case of objective, it is also possible to make many variations, within these belong to the protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the real random number generator being applicable to wireless communication system, it is characterised in that:
Including true random number source, extracting circuit and post processing circuitry, described true random number source obtains benchmark
Source noise is also amplified, is mixed and filters, and exports to extracting electricity after forming simulation random number source
Road；Extract circuit utilize on sheet A/D carry out simulation random number source quantifying being formed digitized with
Machine number source, and utilize PLL to obtain true random number sequence by concussion sampling method, extracting circuit will
True random number sequence exports to post processing circuitry；True random number sequence is entered by post processing circuitry successively
Export after row correction, linear feedback shift and Nonlinear Diffusion.
A kind of true random number being applicable to wireless communication system the most according to claim 1
Generator, it is characterised in that: before described true random number source includes low-noise amplifier and radio frequency
Terminal circuit, a reference source noise exports to low-noise amplifier；A reference source is made an uproar by low-noise amplifier
Sound is amplified, and will amplify after a reference source noise export to RF front-end circuit；Before radio frequency
A reference source noise after terminal circuit will amplify carries out being mixed, filter and amplifying, and forms simulation random
Number source.
A kind of true random number being applicable to wireless communication system the most according to claim 1
Generator, it is characterised in that: described post processing circuitry includes von Neumann corrector, linear
Feedback shift register and AES computing ciphering unit, von Neumann corrector is to truly random number sequence
Being uniformly distributed of row is corrected with dependency, and the true random number sequence after correcting exports to line
Property feedback shift register；True random number sequence after correcting is entered by linear feedback shift register
Line linearity feedback shift, exports the true random number sequence after linear feedback shift to AES computing
Ciphering unit；AES computing ciphering unit is for the true random number sequence after linear feedback shift
Carry out Nonlinear Diffusion, the true random number sequence after Nonlinear Diffusion is exported.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN106685642A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-17 | 浙江九州量子信息技术股份有限公司 | Generating system and generating method for true random sequence |
| CN106909340A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-06-30 | 江西师范大学 | A kind of random sequence generation device and method based on electromyographic signal |
| RU2654142C1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-05-16 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Русхолтс" | Device for generation of random numbers of selling and giveaway incentive system |
| CN109039601A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of chaos security key distribution method and system based on post-processing |
| CN109756327A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-14 | 三星电子株式会社 | Random number generator and safety equipment including random number generator |
| CN111352608A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-30 | 电子科技大学 | Low-overhead FPGA (field programmable Gate array) basic true random number generation system |
| CN111783078A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-16 | 大唐终端技术有限公司 | Android platform security chip control system |
| CN113312862A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-27 | 上海交通大学 | LFSR-based random circuit hardware overhead minimization design method |
| CN117472327A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-01-30 | 上海合芯数字科技有限公司 | True random number generation method and circuit |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106685642A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-17 | 浙江九州量子信息技术股份有限公司 | Generating system and generating method for true random sequence |
| CN106909340A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-06-30 | 江西师范大学 | A kind of random sequence generation device and method based on electromyographic signal |
| RU2654142C1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-05-16 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Русхолтс" | Device for generation of random numbers of selling and giveaway incentive system |
| CN109756327A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-14 | 三星电子株式会社 | Random number generator and safety equipment including random number generator |
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| CN109039601A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of chaos security key distribution method and system based on post-processing |
| CN109039601B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2021-03-19 | 电子科技大学 | Chaos safety key distribution method and system based on post-processing |
| CN111352608A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-30 | 电子科技大学 | Low-overhead FPGA (field programmable Gate array) basic true random number generation system |
| CN111783078A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-16 | 大唐终端技术有限公司 | Android platform security chip control system |
| CN113312862A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-27 | 上海交通大学 | LFSR-based random circuit hardware overhead minimization design method |
| CN113312862B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2022-04-05 | 上海交通大学 | LFSR-based random circuit hardware overhead minimization design method |
| CN117472327A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-01-30 | 上海合芯数字科技有限公司 | True random number generation method and circuit |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |