CN106026777A - Plasma motor generating device - Google Patents
Plasma motor generating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106026777A CN106026777A CN201610295588.7A CN201610295588A CN106026777A CN 106026777 A CN106026777 A CN 106026777A CN 201610295588 A CN201610295588 A CN 201610295588A CN 106026777 A CN106026777 A CN 106026777A
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- vacuum chamber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N3/00—Generators in which thermal or kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy by ionisation of a fluid and removal of the charge therefrom
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Abstract
The invention provides a plasma motor generating device. The device comprises a cylindrical vacuum chamber. Upper and lower polar plates are horizontally arranged in the vacuum chamber. The upper polar plate is connected with a ground line. The lower polar plate is connected with a power supply. A stator in a sawtooth structure is arranged on the inner side wall of the vacuum chamber. A rotating shaft is arranged through the axis of the vacuum chamber. A rotor in a sawtooth structure is fixedly connected with the bottom of the rotating shaft. A number of spherical particles with a porous structure in the surface are placed on the lower polar plate. The power supply connected with the lower polar plate is turned on, and plasmas are generated between upper and lower polar plates through gas discharge. The spherical particles absorb energy from the plasmas to carry out Brownian motion to promote the rotor to carry out directional rotation. According to the invention, the device can absorb energy from the plasmas and outputs mechanical energy through sawtooth rectification to realize a Brownian motor with large spatial scale, and overcomes the limitations of a prior biological motor and optical motor in spatial scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Brownian Motor technical field, specifically a kind of plasma motor generator.
Background technology
Motor refers to the device that certain energy can be converted into mechanical energy, and such as d.c. motor, alternating current motor, bio-motor etc., it has been widely used in the middle of the fields such as industry, medical science, biophysics and daily life.Modal motor is the motor converting electric energy to mechanical energy.In recent years, advancing by leaps and bounds along with biological microscopy, it has been found that bioprotein molecule is by ATP(adenosine triphosphate) chemical energy can be converted to the molecular motor of mechanical energy by hydrolysis.From the point of view of the angle of physics, if noise energy unordered in surrounding can be obtained useful merit by rectification, i.e. design such a kind of Brownian Motor, will there is important scientific meaning and actual application value undoubtedly.
On nanoscale, molecular motor belongs to the one of Brownian Motor, although it can have huge application prospect as a kind of nanometer robot in terms for the treatment of disease, but at present still in the laboratory research stage.On micro-meter scale, people achieve Brownian Motor the most in the lab.Such as, by 200 microns of thick solution films formed by stretching for the solution of the bacillus subtilis containing micron size, bacillus subtilis consumes oxygen in solution film and does random Brownian motion.Putting in solution film by the sawtooth sheet of a diameter of 380 microns again, sawtooth sheet will form Brownian Motor [Proceedings of the National along sawtooth long side direction directional rotating under the promotion of bacillus subtilis
Academy of Sciences,
107, 969(2010)].The mechanical energy that changes mechanical energy is sawtooth directional rotating that bacillus subtilis random motion can be produced by this motor, it is achieved thereby that absorb the purpose of energy from environment.And for example, if the micron sawtooth (diameter about 8 microns) covering gold is sprinkled in moisture film and irradiates with laser, the luminous energy of the uniform irradiation absorbed is converted into the mechanical energy of sawtooth directional rotating by micron sawtooth by thermo-capillary effect, form micron Blang light motor [Nature Communications, 6,7855 (2015)].But, up to the present, the Brownian Motor that people observe in the lab is substantially receives micron dimension, although is capable of absorbing energy from environment and forms the motor of directional rotating, but also has certain distance with reality application.It is desirable to design Brownian Motor on bigger space scale.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of plasma motor generator, this device can absorb energy from plasma, by the rectified action output mechanical energy of sawtooth, it is achieved the Brownian Motor of larger space size.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of plasma motor generator, including cylinder vacuum room, has been horizontally disposed with upper and lower two pole plates, top crown earth lead in described vacuum chamber, and bottom crown connects power supply；The medial wall of described vacuum chamber is provided with the stator of the broached-tooth design of periodic arrangement；Axle center through described vacuum chamber is provided with rotating shaft, is connected with the rotor in broached-tooth design in the bottom of described rotating shaft, and described rotor is positioned at above described bottom crown；Described bottom crown is placed with the spheroidal particle that some surfaces are loose structure；Connecting the power supply being connected with described bottom crown, can produce plasma by gas discharge between upper bottom crown, described spheroidal particle absorbs energy from plasma and does Brownian movement, and then drive rotor directional-rotation.
Sawtooth on described rotor is identical with the quantity of the sawtooth on described stator.
Sawtooth on described rotor and the most inclined shape of sawtooth on described stator, and both incline directions are contrary.
The tooth depth of the sawtooth on described rotor and the long ratio of tooth are 1:2, and the tooth depth of the sawtooth on described stator and the long ratio of tooth are 1:2.
The size of described spheroidal particle is micron dimension or millimeter magnitude.
Described top crown is ITO electro-conductive glass, and described bottom crown is metal plate.
Described power supply is DC source or radio-frequency power supply；After switching on power, described bottom crown has back bias voltage, and bias range is 150V ~ 400V.
The cavity of described vacuum chamber has air inlet and gas outlet；Air or argon can be filled with in described vacuum chamber by described air inlet, at described air inlet, effusion meter is installed, the air pressure in described vacuum chamber can be controlled by regulating described effusion meter；Vacuometer for measuring vacuum chamber internal gas pressure is installed at described gas outlet.
Air pressure in described vacuum chamber is between 5Pa ~ 200Pa.
The radius of described vacuum chamber is 50mm ~ 80mm, and the height of described vacuum chamber is 80mm ~ 150mm.
Plasma is made up of charged particle (electronics and ion) and uncharged particle, overall in electric neutrality, is widely used in the field such as semiconductor manufacturing, ion propeller because it contains high energy particle.In universe, the material of 99% is made up of plasma, and dust granules spreads all over universe.Dust granules in plasma is charged by the electronics in absorption plasma and ion, presents random warm-up movement under certain conditions.The mentality of designing of the present invention is exactly the Energy extraction that the granule of warm-up movement random in plasma is had to be gone out, and is used with the form of controlled mechanical energy, thus designs the Brownian Motor of larger space size.
Plasma motor generator provided by the present invention, its structure is: arranging upper and lower two pole plates at a cylinder vacuum indoor horizontal, top crown earth lead, bottom crown connects power supply；Switch on power, plasma can be produced between upper bottom crown by gas discharge.Inwall at vacuum chamber is provided with the stator of the broached-tooth design of periodic arrangement, is provided with the rotor of broached-tooth design at the axle center of vacuum chamber, and rotor connects with the rotating shaft through vacuum chamber axle center.Surface is that the spheroidal particle of loose structure is positioned on bottom crown, and after switching on power and producing plasma between upper bottom crown, spheroidal particle will absorb high energy particle energy in plasma, and carry upper a large amount of electric charges；Spheroidal particle does random Brownian motion between stator and rotor, by with rotor interaction drive rotor directional-rotation so that output useful work.Owing to the size of plasma motor depends on the size of vacuum chamber, therefore use the present invention can realize bigger motor, overcome conventional bio-motor and light motor space scale and receiving the limitation of micron dimension.
In bio-motor before is tested, sawtooth rotates under the promotion of antibacterial and forms Brownian Motor and occur energy to change, and motor power is 10-15W, the plasma motor power in the present invention can reach 5.3 × 10-3W, compares bio-motor, and plasma motor effectively make use of the energy in plasma, and discrete energy accumulating is got up, and is converted into the mechanical energy that can directly utilize, and preferably achieves energy conversion, and energy makes full use of.
Plasma motor generator simple in construction provided by the present invention, easy to operate, it is possible to well realizing energy conversion and energy effective utilization, this has important scientific meaning and actual application value under the present situation of current shortage of resources undoubtedly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1, vacuum chamber, 2, air inlet, 3, top crown, 4, gas outlet, 5, power supply, 6, bottom crown, 7, insulation board, 8, rotor, 9, stator, 10, rotating shaft.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, plasma motor generator provided by the present invention includes the vacuum chamber 1 of cylinder, in the present embodiment, vacuum chamber 1 is surrounded by rustless steel cavity, and rustless steel cavity earth lead.Being horizontally disposed with two pole plates up and down being parallel to each other in vacuum chamber 1, two pole plates are the most coaxial, and two pole plates are all vertical with the axial line of vacuum chamber 1.Top crown 3 earth lead, bottom crown 6 connects power supply 5, and it is outside that power supply 5 is positioned at vacuum chamber 1.In the present embodiment, top crown 3 is ITO electro-conductive glass, and bottom crown 6 is metal plate；Top crown 3 contacts with the upper top of vacuum chamber cavity, and bottom crown 6 is placed on the bottom surface of vacuum chamber 1 by insulation board 7, and insulation board 7 is for realizing the insulation between vacuum chamber cavity and bottom crown 6.The power supply 5 being connected with bottom crown 6 can be DC source, it is also possible to be radio-frequency power supply.When power supply is DC source, bottom crown 6 is connected with the negative pole of DC source, the plus earth line of DC source.When power supply is radio-frequency power supply, bottom crown 6 is connected with the power electrode of radio-frequency power supply, another electrode earth lead of radio-frequency power supply.The most after being powered up, power is coupled on bottom crown 6, and bottom crown 6 will have back bias voltage.Being biased between 150V ~ 400V of general control bottom crown 6.
The sidewall of vacuum chamber cavity has air inlet 2 and gas outlet 4.Air or argon can be filled with in vacuum chamber 1 by air inlet 2；Being provided with effusion meter at air inlet 2, this effusion meter can be mass flowmenter, can control the air pressure in vacuum chamber 1 by regulation effusion meter, and the air pressure in general control vacuum chamber 1 is between 5Pa ~ 200Pa.Vacuometer for measuring vacuum chamber 1 internal gas pressure is installed at gas outlet 4.
It is provided with the stator 9 of the broached-tooth design of periodic arrangement, the inclined shape of sawtooth on stator 9 in vacuum chamber 1 on medial wall between bottom crown, i.e. presents asymmetric ratchet-like structure.Being provided with the rotor 8 in broached-tooth design on axial line in vacuum chamber 1, rotor 8 is affixed with the bottom of the rotating shaft 10 through vacuum chamber 1 axle center, and the top of rotating shaft 10 passes outside vacuum chamber 1.Rotor 8 is positioned at above bottom crown 6, and near bottom crown 6.The most inclined shape of sawtooth on rotor 8, and on rotor 8, the incline direction of sawtooth is contrary with the incline direction of sawtooth on stator 9.
Bottom crown 6 is placed with spheroidal particle that some surfaces are loose structure, that have adsorptivity (for example, spherical resin), these spheroidal particle are uniformly placed on bottom crown 6 and corresponding with the space between stator 9 and rotor 8, constitute saw lane between stator 9 and rotor 8.Connect the power supply 5 being connected with bottom crown 6, bottom crown 6 is made to have nagative potential, uniform plasma can be produced between upper bottom crown by gas discharge, spheroidal particle as medium the most polarized after can carry a large amount of electric charge, and from plasma environment, absorb energy do random Brownian motion.The granule doing random Brownian motion on bottom crown 6 can collide between stator 9 and rotor 8, and spheroidal particle transfers energy to rotor 8 by the way of collision, and then drive rotor 8 does lasting directional-rotation motion, it is achieved plasma motor.The upper top of vacuum chamber cavity can be made by quartz glass, so can be convenient for people to observe spheroidal particle and the motion of rotor 8 from vacuum chamber 1 top.
In the present invention, spheroidal particle moves between stator and rotor, carrys out drive rotor by statcoulomb collision and direct physical collision and rotates.The average energy that the energy that rotor obtains transmits with spheroidal particle number and each spheroidal particle is relevant.When spheroidal particle number is considerably less, it is clear that the energy that rotor obtains is also few, and power is low.When spheroidal particle number is the most, the saw lane between stator and rotor becomes the most crowded, can collide frequently between the granule in passage, and the granule of the transmission energy that really collides with rotor is limited, and output is relatively low.Therefore, the most suitable particle random trajectory model just can make rotor have optimum output power.And optimal saw lane size between particle random trajectory model with stator and rotor is relevant.Therefore, it should determine the number of spheroidal particle according to practical situation.
In addition to the output of motor is had an impact by the quantity of spheroidal particle, the surface properties of spheroidal particle and size etc. also can affect it and absorb energy from plasma environment, and then affects the efficiency of motor.Spheroidal particle typically uses porous surface structure, bigger serface can make it absorb plasma high energy particle energy as much as possible, carry more electric charge simultaneously, entrained electric charge is the most, more be conducive to spheroidal particle generation coulomb elastic collision, reduce the energy loss that inelastic collision causes, to obtain maximum plasma moyor as far as possible.The size of spheroidal particle can be micron dimension or millimeter magnitude, it might even be possible to for centimetres.These all can be with manual control.
In addition to some parameters of spheroidal particle can affect moyor, the size etc. of stator and the parameter of rotor, vacuum chamber also can produce impact to the output of rotor.But, the setting of these parameters also needs to match with gas pressure in vacuum, discharge power etc..Owing to gas pressure in vacuum and discharge power relatively easily regulate, therefore, it is the most all first to set various parameter, then regulates air pressure and discharge power until motor output power is maximum.
Stator can be identical with the quantity of the sawtooth on rotor, it is also possible to different.Owing to the sawtooth on stator and rotor is all skewed, therefore showing as a long limit, a minor face after tilting, it is long that the long limit after tilting is referred to as tooth, minor face after inclination is referred to as tooth depth, and the tooth depth of sawtooth, tooth length and proportionate relationship between the two will pre-set.Distance between stator and rotor, i.e. saw lane size also to preset.
The radius of vacuum chamber 1 and highly determine the size of plasma motor.And different use varying in size of motor in environment, the therefore radius, the most different of vacuum chamber 1.Generally, the radius that can arrange vacuum chamber 1 is 50mm ~ 80mm, and the height of vacuum chamber 1 is 80mm ~ 150mm.
The generation process of plasma motor of the present invention is introduced below with an object lesson.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the radius of cylindrical vacuum chamber 1 is 65mm, and height is 100mm；Uniformly being positioned over by spheroidal particle on the bottom crown 6 in vacuum chamber 1, spherical particle diameters is about 200 m, and granule number is 400；Stator 9 all becomes periodic arrangement, sawtooth number to be 12 with the sawtooth on rotor 8, and stator 9 is contrary with the incline direction of sawtooth on rotor 8.If the radius of rotor 8 is 10mm, tooth depth is 2mm, a length of 4mm of tooth；Spacing between stator 9 and rotor 8 (i.e. on stator 9 on sawtooth sword and rotor 8 distance between sawtooth sword) is about 10mm.In vacuum chamber 1, it is filled with argon and evacuation makes air pressure reach 30Pa.Bottom crown 6 connects the negative pole of DC source, the plus earth line of DC source, and the bias arranging DC source is 300V, connects DC source, makes bottom crown 6 have back bias voltage, produce uniform plasma by gas discharge between upper and lower pole plate.
After electric discharge produces, by electron stream and the effect of ion stream, spheroidal particle can carry a large amount of electric charge in heating region, and does random Brownian motion from plasma environment absorption energy.Spheroidal particle interacts with rotor 8 during motion, transfers energy to rotor 8, so that rotor 8 does lasting directed movement, it is achieved plasma motor by the way of collision.The motion conditions of granule and rotor can be observed by window from vacuum chamber.
In outer space environments, owing to itself having high vacuum, therefore construct this plasma motor and need not vacuum chamber, it is only necessary to sawtooth stator and sawtooth rotor.Further, since be widely present plasma in universe, the most this plasma motor can also need not upper and lower two pole plates and power-supply system, can have the simplest structure.It can utilize granule to absorb energy from space plasma high energy particle, and then drive rotor rotates.This plasma motor is installed on space vehicle, energy can be absorbed from spatial environments and export mechanical power by rotor undoubtedly, reduce conventional fuel and deadweight that aircraft carries, there is important scientific meaning and actual application value.
Claims (10)
1. a plasma motor generator, is characterized in that, including cylinder vacuum room, has been horizontally disposed with upper and lower two pole plates, top crown earth lead in described vacuum chamber, and bottom crown connects power supply；The medial wall of described vacuum chamber is provided with the stator of the broached-tooth design of periodic arrangement；Axle center through described vacuum chamber is provided with rotating shaft, is connected with the rotor in broached-tooth design in the bottom of described rotating shaft, and described rotor is positioned at above described bottom crown；Described bottom crown is placed with the spheroidal particle that some surfaces are loose structure；Connecting the power supply being connected with described bottom crown, can produce plasma by gas discharge between upper bottom crown, described spheroidal particle absorbs energy from plasma and does Brownian movement, and then drive rotor directional-rotation.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sawtooth on described rotor is identical with the quantity of the sawtooth on described stator.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sawtooth on described rotor and the most inclined shape of sawtooth on described stator, and both incline directions are contrary.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the tooth depth of the sawtooth on described rotor and the long ratio of tooth are 1:2, and the tooth depth of the sawtooth on described stator and the long ratio of tooth are 1:2.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of described spheroidal particle is micron dimension or millimeter magnitude.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described top crown is ITO electro-conductive glass, and described bottom crown is metal plate.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described power supply is DC source or radio-frequency power supply；After switching on power, described bottom crown has back bias voltage, and bias range is 150V ~ 400V.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, have air inlet and gas outlet on the cavity of described vacuum chamber；Air or argon can be filled with in described vacuum chamber by described air inlet, at described air inlet, effusion meter is installed, the air pressure in described vacuum chamber can be controlled by regulating described effusion meter；Vacuometer for measuring vacuum chamber internal gas pressure is installed at described gas outlet.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the air pressure in described vacuum chamber is between 5Pa ~ 200Pa.
Plasma motor generator the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the radius of described vacuum chamber is 50mm ~ 80mm, and the height of described vacuum chamber is 80mm ~ 150mm.
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| CN201610295588.7A CN106026777B (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2016-05-06 | A kind of plasma motor generation device |
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| CN201610295588.7A CN106026777B (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2016-05-06 | A kind of plasma motor generation device |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4242385A1 (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-09 | Peter Dipl Ing Belle | Plasma generator for direct conversion of thermal energy of artificial plasma into electric energy - has plasma generation occurring rhythmically using 50 Hz and other frequencies, but synchronously with mains |
| CN1783690A (en) * | 2004-12-02 | 2006-06-07 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Mixed pulse power supply |
| WO2007067083A1 (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2007-06-14 | Rudolf Klavdievich Katargin | Plasma power supply |
| JP2008178235A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-31 | Green Techno Co Ltd | Plasma motor |
| CN105048869A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-11-11 | 张湘明 | Plasma induction generator |
-
2016
- 2016-05-06 CN CN201610295588.7A patent/CN106026777B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4242385A1 (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-09 | Peter Dipl Ing Belle | Plasma generator for direct conversion of thermal energy of artificial plasma into electric energy - has plasma generation occurring rhythmically using 50 Hz and other frequencies, but synchronously with mains |
| CN1783690A (en) * | 2004-12-02 | 2006-06-07 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Mixed pulse power supply |
| WO2007067083A1 (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2007-06-14 | Rudolf Klavdievich Katargin | Plasma power supply |
| JP2008178235A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-31 | Green Techno Co Ltd | Plasma motor |
| CN105048869A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-11-11 | 张湘明 | Plasma induction generator |
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| CN106026777B (en) | 2017-11-14 |
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