CN106026414B - The coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjusting method and device of wireless power transmission - Google Patents
The coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjusting method and device of wireless power transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN106026414B CN106026414B CN201610621338.8A CN201610621338A CN106026414B CN 106026414 B CN106026414 B CN 106026414B CN 201610621338 A CN201610621338 A CN 201610621338A CN 106026414 B CN106026414 B CN 106026414B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjusting methods of wireless power transmission, by adjusting the electric current in transmitting coil, realize that transmitting coil magnetic field intensity is adjusted with scope with receiving coil position into Mobile state；Electric current in transmitting coil realizes that the adjustment of inductance is by the way of passive by adjusting the inductance value that each branch in coil occurs.Device based on this method, ray circle include multiple coil windings, and coil windings form multiple current branch, are equipped with magnetic core ring in current branch, and magnetic core ring set is connected in the coil windings where the current branch, and magnetic core ring is equipped with control inductor winding.The present invention uses the passive dynamic control technology of coil current, realizes the dynamic adjustment in transmitting coil magnetic field.The mutual inductance adjustment in the case of coupling coil position offset is not only realized, also overcomes the shortcomings of coefficient of coup existing for existing scheme is low, leakage magnetic field scope is big, loss is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless power transmission, in particular to a method and a device for dynamically adjusting a magnetic field of a coupling coil of wireless power transmission.
Background
The wireless power transmission technology has the advantages of convenience, reliability, safety, strong environmental adaptability and the like, breaks away from the limitation of cables and conduction interfaces of the traditional contact power transmission mode, and can realize power transmission (such as human body implantation equipment, intelligent pills, high-voltage lines, underwater robots and the like) with high reliability and high insulation requirements in special environments. In a wireless power transmission system, wireless transmission of power is achieved by electromagnetic induction of a magnetic coupling coil. In order to realize efficient and stable wireless power transmission, the mutual inductance of the coupling coil is required to have small change when the coil position deviates, that is, the position tolerance is large.
Meanwhile, in order to make the mutual inductance of the coupling coil change little when the position is deviated, a receiving coil with a 'bipolar structure' may be adopted, and a receiving end thereof includes a plurality of sub-coils which are decoupled from each other. Although the multi-orthogonal winding scheme can maintain the coupling coefficient, the power conversion circuit needs to be designed redundantly, the system design is complicated, and the variation range of the overall coupling coefficient is still large.
The servo motor is adopted to control the position of the coil, so that the automatic alignment of the position of the coil is realized, and the method is also one of the methods for improving the position tolerance of the coupling coil. But the servo motor has the problems of high cost, complex control scheme, long mechanical life and the like.
Another type of method is by having the transmit coil generate a uniform axial (perpendicular) magnetic field in the plane of the receive coil. When the magnetic coupling structure is subjected to relative translation, the coupling coefficient and the mutual inductance of the magnetic coupling structure can be kept constant. Because this kind of method needs to produce the invariable axial magnetic field on the appointed plane, therefore its magnetic field utilization efficiency is not high, and the coupling coefficient is lower. The uniform axial magnetic field plane is realized by adopting a coil structure in which a ring coil and a vortex coil are mixed. The magnetic field of the toroidal coil is higher in the middle and the magnetic field of the spiral coil is lower in the middle, which in combination can produce a substantially uniform magnetic field plane. However, the coil magnetic field leakage range of the scheme is large, the coupling coefficient is low, and the loss is large.
In the prior art, the requirements of the coupling coil on the position deviation tolerance cannot be well met by using methods such as multi-sub-coil orthogonality, mechanical control of coil position, coil array and the like. The existing design method of the constant mutual inductance magnetic coupling structure is only suitable for the air-core coil with a simple structure, and has the advantages of low coupling coefficient, large magnetic field leakage range and high loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a dynamic adjustment method for effectively reducing the range of a transmitting magnetic field, improving the coupling coefficient and reducing the loss and an application device thereof.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjustment method for wireless power transmission realizes dynamic adjustment of the magnetic field intensity and range of a transmitting coil along with the position of a receiving coil by adjusting the current in the transmitting coil; the current in the transmitting coil is realized by adjusting the inductance of each branch in the transmitting coil, and the adjustment of the inductance adopts a passive adjustment mode;
when the adjustable resistance R v From short circuit to open circuit, branch circuit inductance L v Corresponding minimum value L of equivalent inductance adjustable inductance vmin And the maximum value L of the adjustable inductance vmax Respectively as follows: l is vmin ＝(1-k 2 )L p ，L vmax ＝L p ；
Flows through the adjustable resistor R v The effective value of the current of the primary coil is I, then the adjustable resistor R v The dissipated power of (a) is:
wherein k is the coupling coefficient between the main inductor and the control inductor, j is an imaginary unit, ω is the current angular frequency, and L S Control of winding inductance for secondary side, L P Is an adjustable resistor R v A primary coil inductance;
by regulating R v Value to achieve equivalent inductance of L vmin To L vmax Adjustment of the turn inductance L<<L vmax ，L p <<L s ；
With L (R) = [ L = [) 1v ,L 2v …L nv ]Representing a regulating function of the inductance, the variable being the adjustable inductance of each branch, wherein the resistance value R = [ R ] v1 ,R v2 …R vn ]Adjustment of the field range of the transmitting coil corresponds to the opening or closing of a particular branch, R v When open circuit, the corresponding conductor branch is also equivalent to open circuit, and each R is dynamically adjusted v And the redistribution of the proportion of the coil conductor current is realized.
A device based on the coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjustment method of wireless power transmission comprises a transmitting coil, wherein the transmitting coil comprises a plurality of coil windings, each coil winding forms a current branch, a magnetic core ring is arranged on each current branch, the magnetic core ring is sleeved on the coil winding where the current branch is located, a control inductance winding is arranged on each magnetic core ring, and the control inductance winding penetrates through the middle of each magnetic core ring and is wound on a ring body of the magnetic core ring;
the magnetic core ring is made of magnetic conductive materials.
As a improvement of the invention, an air gap is arranged on the magnetic core ring.
As another improvement of the present invention, the transmitting coil is provided with a corresponding magnetic field shielding layer to control a magnetic field leakage range.
As another improvement of the invention, the magnetic core ring material is ferrite, or iron powder core, or silicon steel sheet.
Further, the shape of the transmitting coil and the number of coil windings are determined according to design requirements.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the invention adopts the passive dynamic control technology of the coil current to realize the dynamic adjustment of the magnetic field of the transmitting coil. The mutual inductance adjustment under the condition of the position offset of the coupling coil is realized, and the defects of low coupling coefficient, large magnetic field leakage range, high loss and the like in the conventional scheme are overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic adjustment of the magnetic field according to the present invention;
fig. 2 an equivalent circuit diagram of the transmitting coil 1;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a parallel branch circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the AC inductance;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a core ring structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the known designs, the form of the magnetic field generated is fixed once the conductor and core distribution of the coil is determined. Therefore, the magnetic field of the transmitter coil cannot be optimally adjusted according to the position and the working condition of the receiver coil.
The generation of the emitted magnetic field depends on the conductor current distribution. If the current ratio of each conductor can be dynamically controlled, not only can the magnetic field be dynamically controlled, but also the mutual inductance can be dynamically adjusted.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for dynamically adjusting the magnetic field of the coupling coil for wireless power transmission according to the present invention dynamically adjusts the intensity and range of the magnetic field 4 of the transmitting coil according to the position of the receiving coil 2 by adjusting the current 3 in the transmitting coil 1; the current in the transmitting coil is realized by adjusting the inductance of each branch in the transmitting coil, and the adjustment of the inductance adopts a passive adjustment mode; passive modulation means that no additional voltage or current excitation of the transmitter coil is required. The equivalent circuit of the transmitting coil 1 is shown in fig. 2.
The invention realizes the redistribution of the current of the transmitting coil by adjusting the inductance of each branch, and the adjustment of the inductance adopts a passive mode, thereby requiring large inductance adjustment range, low loss and small structural volume. The conductor current control method is different from the traditional coil array type transmitting coil. First, the tuning method does not change the actual topology of the coil, but rather the conductor current ratio. The control of which does not require power switching devices. Secondly, the conductor current is continuously adjustable, and the mutual inductance of the magnetic coupling structure can be maintained to be constant or dynamically changed.
Under the condition of alternating current, the redistribution of the conductor current can be realized by adjusting the alternating inductance of each current branch. The traditional inductance control method is realized by a saturable reactor (an adjustable alternating current inductor), namely, part of a magnetic core of the inductance works in a nonlinear region by utilizing direct current excitation, so that the adjustment of equivalent alternating current inductance is realized. However, this method requires an additional current source for excitation, increases cost and loss, and has low adjustment accuracy.
As shown in FIG. 3, the inductance of the parallel branch is adjusted by the adjustable resistor R v It is achieved that the magnetic core operates in the linear region. By parameter design, the resistance and the magnetic core loss are low, and no additional excitation source is needed in the adjusting process. By adjusting the inductance, the current ratio of the two branchesExamples satisfy:
I 1 /I 2 ＝(L 2 +L 2v )/(L 1 +L 1v ). In a practical transmit coil design, there may be multiple series-parallel combinations of conductor branches.
As shown in FIG. 4, wherein L p Is a main inductance, L s For controlling the inductance, then Z v Satisfies the following conditions:
where k is the coupling coefficient between the main and control inductors. When R is v From short circuit to open circuit, Z v Corresponding equivalent inductance L vmin And L vmax Respectively as follows: l is vmin ＝(1-k 2 )L p ；L vmax ＝L p 。
Assuming that the effective value of the current flowing through the adjustable inductor is I, R is v The dissipated power of (d) is:
wherein k is the coupling coefficient between the main inductor and the control inductor, j is an imaginary unit, ω is the current angular frequency, and L S Control of winding inductance, L, for secondary side P Is an adjustable resistor R v A primary coil inductance;
it can be seen that by adjusting R v Value of L to realize equivalent inductance vmin To L vmax And (4) adjusting.
The invention follows the following principle in the control scheme: (1) to achieve large amplitude control of the current ratio, the turn inductance is required to be much smaller than the maximum value of the adjustable inductance, i.e., L<<L vmax . (2) To reduce R as much as possible v Loss of (2), requirement L p <<L s . This allows to further increase L on the basis of the aforementioned requirements s The number of turns of (c).
With L (R) = [ L = [) 1v ,L 2v …L nv ]Representing the regulating function of the inductance, the variable being R of each branch v . Wherein R = [ R = v1 ,R v2 …R vn ]. The adjustment of the range of the emitted magnetic field corresponds to the opening or closing of a particular branch. R is v When the circuit is opened, the corresponding conductor branch is also equivalent to an open circuit. Dynamically adjust each R v And the proportion of the current of the coil conductor is redistributed, so that the requirements of gain adjustment and transmission distance change are met. R is v The adjustment process of the (digital potentiometer) does not need an additional power supply, so that the additional loss is avoided.
As shown in fig. 5, a device for dynamically adjusting a magnetic field of a coupling coil based on wireless power transmission includes a transmitting coil 101, where the transmitting coil 101 includes a plurality of coil windings 1011, each coil winding 1011 is provided with a plurality of current branches (not shown), and each current branch is provided with a magnetic core ring 102.
As shown in fig. 6, the magnetic core ring 102 is sleeved on the coil winding 101 where the current branch is located, the magnetic core ring 102 is provided with a control inductance winding 1021, and the control inductance winding 1021 passes through the middle of the magnetic core ring 102 and surrounds the ring body 1022 of the magnetic core ring 102;
the magnetic core ring 102 is made of a magnetic conductive material, and specifically may be a magnetic conductive material such as ferrite, iron powder core, silicon steel sheet, or the like.
An air gap is arranged between the magnetic core ring 102 and the coil winding 101, and the air gap is used for controlling the inductance of the winding, particularly for a high-permeability magnetic core.
The transmitter coil 101 is provided with a corresponding magnetic field shielding layer to control the magnetic field leakage range.
The shape of the transmitting coil 101 and the number of coil windings are determined according to design requirements.
The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjustment method for wireless power transmission is characterized in that the magnetic field intensity and the range of a transmitting coil are dynamically adjusted along with the position of a receiving coil by adjusting the current in the transmitting coil; the current in the transmitting coil is realized by adjusting the inductance of each branch in the transmitting coil, and the adjustment of the inductance adopts a passive adjustment mode;
when the adjustable resistance R v From short circuit to open circuit, branch circuit inductance L v Corresponding minimum value L of equivalent inductance adjustable inductance vmin And the maximum value L of the adjustable inductance vmax Respectively as follows: l is a radical of an alcohol vmin ＝(1-k 2 )L p ，L vmax ＝L p ；
Flows through the adjustable resistor R v The effective value of the current of the primary coil is I, then the adjustable resistor R v The dissipated power of (a) is:
wherein k is the coupling coefficient between the main inductor and the control inductor, j is an imaginary unit, ω is the current angular frequency, and L S Control of winding inductance, L, for secondary side P Is an adjustable resistor R v A primary coil inductance;
by regulating R v Value to achieve equivalent inductance of L vmin To L vmax Adjustment of the turn inductance L<<L vmax ，L p <<L s ；
With L (R) = [ L = [) 1v ,L 2v …L nv ]Representing a regulating function of the inductance, the variable being the adjustable inductance of each branch, wherein the resistance value R = [ R ] v1 ,R v2 …R vn ]Adjustment of the field range of the transmitting coil corresponds to the opening or closing of a particular branch, R v When open circuit, the corresponding conductor branch is also equivalent to open circuit, and each R is dynamically adjusted v And the proportion of the coil conductor current is redistributed.
2. The device for dynamically adjusting the magnetic field of the coupling coil based on the wireless power transmission of claim 1, comprising a transmitting coil, wherein the transmitting coil comprises a plurality of coil windings, each coil winding forms a current branch, a magnetic core ring is arranged on each current branch, the magnetic core ring is sleeved on the coil winding where the current branch is located, a control inductance winding is arranged on the magnetic core ring, and the control inductance winding passes through the middle part of the magnetic core ring and is wound on a ring body of the magnetic core ring;
the magnetic core ring is made of a magnetic conductive material.
3. The device of the coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjustment method based on wireless power transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein an air gap is disposed on the magnetic core ring.
4. The device of the coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjustment method based on wireless power transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein the transmitting coil is provided with a corresponding magnetic field shielding layer to control the magnetic field leakage range.
5. The device for dynamically adjusting the magnetic field of the coupling coil based on wireless power transmission according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic core ring is made of ferrite, iron powder or silicon steel sheet.
6. The device for the coupling coil magnetic field dynamic adjustment method based on the wireless power transmission as claimed in any one of claims 2-5, wherein the shape of the transmitting coil and the number of coil windings are determined according to design requirements.
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| CN106953417A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-14 | 上海交通大学 | Wireless charging electric wire coil assembly and the electric energy transmission system using the component |
| CN107332356A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-07 | 深圳市航盛电子股份有限公司 | Wireless power transmission coupling coil Optimization Design |
| CN111682652B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-09-17 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | System and method for dynamically adjusting coupling coefficient of non-contact transmission magnetic mechanism |
| CN113900062A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-01-07 | 浙江大学 | AUV underwater recovery electromagnetic guiding device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103219141A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-24 | 福州大学 | Alternating current inductor with controllable inductance value |
| CN103887896A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-25 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for designing wireless charging coil allowing charging device to be placed freely |
| JP2016123187A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 有限会社アール・シー・エス | Wireless power transmitter |
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| US20160118805A1 (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-28 | Motorola Solutions, Inc | Wireless power transfer system and method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103219141A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-24 | 福州大学 | Alternating current inductor with controllable inductance value |
| CN103887896A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-25 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for designing wireless charging coil allowing charging device to be placed freely |
| JP2016123187A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 有限会社アール・シー・エス | Wireless power transmitter |
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