CN106026195B - Control method for synchronous closing and grid connection of micro-grid group - Google Patents
Control method for synchronous closing and grid connection of micro-grid group Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method for synchronous closing and grid connection of a microgrid group, which comprises the following steps: respectively measuring the voltage amplitude, the voltage frequency and the voltage phase difference of the distribution network side and the microgrid group side by using a voltage transformer; b, setting an output voltage frequency target value of the micro-grid group side AC/DC conversion unit based on the voltage frequency; the communication bus sends broadcast messages to the AC/DC conversion unit; after the preset time, the frequency and the phase of the power distribution network side are followed by a phase-locked loop to output the voltage frequency; the communication bus sends broadcast messages to the AC/DC conversion unit; and the synchronous switching-on controller of the micro-grid group sends a switching-on command. The inverter based on power electronic interface control provided by the invention controls grid-connected frequency, realizes the complete same voltage amplitude, frequency and phase of a micro-grid side and a distribution grid side, has high regulation precision, and reduces impact of switching-on impact current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy power generation, in particular to a method for controlling synchronous closing and grid connection of a microgrid group.
Background
With the mature development of the micro-grid technology, there is a reliable utilization means for locally balancing the load of the area distribution network, improving the power supply reliability and improving the utilization rate of renewable energy, but the quantity of intermittent power sources received by the micro-grid is limited due to the capacity limitation of a single micro-grid. With the improvement of the permeability of the intermittent power supply of the regional distribution network, the connected external power grid can bear the power fluctuation in the distribution network, so that the phenomena of wind abandonment and light abandonment can be caused, more intermittent power supplies of different types are required to be added into the micro-grid to form a micro-grid group, the power fluctuation in the distribution network is reduced to a certain extent, different operation working conditions exist in each micro-grid during operation, the power fluctuation and the exchange power of a PCC point of the distribution network can be further reduced through reasonable energy mutual assistance between the micro-grids, and more loads are balanced on site.
In the microgrid group, as more and different types of intermittent power supplies are added into the microgrid, the capacity of the microgrid group is increased, and no matter the microgrid group is in an alternating current confluence mode or a direct current confluence mode, a plurality of AC/DC conversion units are inevitably present, and the AC/DC conversion units are connected with a power grid through a common node PCC. When a micro-grid group is connected with a power distribution network in a grid mode, in order to reduce the impact of grid-connected current, the voltage amplitude, the frequency and the phase at two sides of a grid-connected circuit breaker are required to be strictly identical, and in actual operation, the influence of the grid-connected impact current caused by phase difference on the service life of power equipment is the largest, so that the phases are required to be strictly identical when the grid is connected, and the voltage amplitude and the frequency can be slightly different within a specified range.
In a traditional electric power system, a synchronous switching-on function between two different power supplies is realized by adopting a microcomputer synchronous switching-on control device, most of the microcomputer synchronous switching-on control devices are applied to transformer substation grid connection and synchronous generator grid connection of a power plant, and synchronous point prediction algorithms are adopted, so that the microcomputer synchronous switching-on control device has the following defects:
1) in a synchronous closing device of a digital substation, the frequency is basically not adjustable, but the grid connection can be realized only when the phase difference is zero due to the frequency difference between power supplies, so that the time consumption is long, and is usually several minutes; in addition, the influence of signal communication time, circuit breaker closing time, signal sampling time, data processing time and the like on synchronous closing is also considered, and the calculation is complex and inaccurate, so that the closing impact current is large.
2) In a synchronous generator synchronous grid-connection device of a power plant, although a synchronous generator can adjust the amplitude of output voltage and adjust the output frequency of a speed regulator by adjusting exciting current, the adjustment precision is poor, so that grid connection is performed under the condition that the frequency and the phase of a power grid side and the frequency and the phase of a generator side cannot be strictly equal, and therefore a synchronous point prediction algorithm is needed.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a solution to the needs of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a control method for synchronous closing and grid connection of a microgrid group, which comprises the following steps: A. measuring the voltage amplitude, the voltage frequency and the voltage phase difference of the distribution network side and the microgrid group side by using a voltage transformer respectively; B. setting an output voltage frequency target value of the micro-grid group side AC/DC conversion unit based on the voltage frequency; C. the communication bus sends broadcast messages to the AC/DC conversion unit; D. after a preset time, the phase-locked loop outputs voltage frequency along with the frequency and the phase of the power distribution network side; E. the communication bus sends broadcast messages to the AC/DC conversion unit; F. and the synchronous switching-on controller of the micro-grid group sends a switching-on command.
The step B comprises the following steps: if the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the reference frequency frefSetting the frequency target value of the output voltage of the micro-grid group side AC/DC conversion unit as fM＝fD-Δf；
If the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefSetting the frequency target value of the output voltage of the micro-grid group side AC/DC conversion unit as fM＝fD+Δf；
Wherein 0< Δ f <0.5Hz, and Δ f is the voltage frequency adjustment value of the microgrid group.
In step C, the frequency of the output voltage of the AC/DC conversion unit is maintained at a target value within a predetermined time; the predetermined time is determined by a phase difference between the voltage on the distribution network side and the voltage on the microgrid cluster side.
If the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the micro-grid group side
The phase of the distribution network leads the phase of the microgrid cluster side.
Voltage frequency f of distribution networkDExceeding the reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
Voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
If the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the micro-grid group side
The phase of the distribution network lags behind the phase of the microgrid cluster side.
Voltage frequency f of distribution networkDExceeding the reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
Voltage frequency f of distribution networkDWithout exceeding the reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
In step E, the AC side output voltage amplitude of the AC/DC conversion unit is equal to the voltage amplitude of the distribution network side.
And F, when the voltage crosses zero, closing the change-over switch, sending a closing command by a synchronous closing controller of the microgrid group, and carrying out grid-connected operation on the microgrid group and the power distribution network.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
1) the method for controlling the grid-connected frequency by the inverter based on the power electronic interface control realizes the complete same of the voltage amplitude, the frequency and the phase of the micro-grid side and the distribution grid side, has high regulation precision, and reduces the impact of switching-on impact current.
2) The method for adjusting the voltage amplitude, the frequency and the phase of the inverter side realizes synchronous closing, does not need to consider the influence of signal communication time, circuit breaker closing time, signal sampling time, data processing time and the like on the synchronous closing, greatly shortens the time, has high adjusting speed, generally only needs several seconds and has high precision.
3) In the synchronous closing process, although the power supply frequency inside the microgrid is regulated, the power supply frequency strictly follows the regulation of relevant national standards (such as the national standard GB T15945-2008) on the grid frequency, the maximum frequency deviation does not exceed +/-0.5 HZ, and high-quality power supply of user loads inside the microgrid group is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a microgrid group synchronous closing control device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the microgrid group hierarchy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings in the specification.
The traditional synchronous generator has poor frequency/phase adjustment precision, is grid-connected under the condition that the frequency and the phase of a power grid side and the frequency and the phase of a generator side cannot be strictly equal, has to adopt a contemporaneous point forecasting algorithm, and still has the defects of long time consumption, complex calculation and large impact current. The synchronous closing grid-connected control method for the microgrid group provided by the invention fully utilizes the advantage that the frequency/phase of the output voltage of the microgrid power generation unit of the power electronic interface is easy to adjust, realizes quick synchronous grid-connection, generally only needs several seconds, and has small current impact.
As shown in fig. 1, the microgrid group of the present invention includes a plurality of intermittent power generation units, an energy storage device, and a plurality of AC/DC conversion units, and the plurality of AC/DC conversion units are connected in parallel and connected to a power distribution network through one or more switches, and specifically includes the following steps:
1) measuring the voltage amplitude, the voltage frequency and the voltage phase difference of the distribution network side and the microgrid group side through a voltage transformer respectively;
2) setting an output voltage frequency target value of an AC/DC conversion unit at the micro-grid group side according to whether the voltage frequency of the power distribution network exceeds the grid reference frequency;
3) sending broadcast messages to a plurality of AC/DC conversion units through a communication bus, and maintaining the output voltage frequency of the AC/DC conversion units at the side of the microgrid group at an output voltage frequency target value within a preset time, wherein the preset time is determined according to the phase difference between the voltage at the side of the power distribution network and the voltage at the side of the microgrid group;
4) after a preset time, the output voltage frequency of the multiple parallel AC/DC conversion units follows the frequency and the phase of the power distribution network side through a phase-locked loop;
5) and finally, the synchronous switching-on controller of the micro-grid group sends a switching-on command, and a change-over switch is closed at a voltage zero crossing point, so that the grid-connected operation of the micro-grid group and the power distribution network is realized.
In step 2), if the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the grid reference frequency frefE.g. fD>50Hz, the power grid frequency regulation of the relevant national standard (GB T15945-2008) must be strictly followed for high-quality power supply of user loads in the micro-grid group, the maximum frequency deviation does not exceed +/-0.5 Hz, and therefore the output voltage frequency target value of the AC/DC conversion unit on the micro-grid group side is set to be fM＝fD-Δf；
Similarly, if the distribution network voltage frequency fDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefSetting the frequency target value of the output voltage of the AC/DC conversion unit at the microgrid group side as fM＝fD+ Δ f, where Δ f is the micro-grid group voltage frequency adjustment value, 0 is taken<Δf<And 0.5Hz, so that the power supply voltage frequency of the user load at the micro-grid side and the power distribution network side both accord with the regulation of national standard (GB T15945-2008) on the grid frequency.
In step 3), after a predetermined time adjustment, the phases of the microgrid side and the distribution network side must be the same, so that if the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the microgrid group side is large
The phase of the distribution network is ahead of the voltage phase of the side of the micro-grid group, and the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the grid reference frequency frefAt a predetermined time is set to
Voltage frequency f of distribution networkDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
If the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the micro-grid group side
The phase of the distribution network lags behind the voltage phase of the micro-grid group side, and the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the grid reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
Voltage frequency f of distribution networkDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
The purpose of setting the preset time is to adjust the phase difference to be zero, after the preset time, the phases of the micro-grid side and the distribution network side are adjusted to be the same, and at the moment, the voltage frequency of the micro-grid side follows the frequency and the phase of the distribution network side through a phase-locked loop, so that the phase condition of synchronous closing is achieved, and the impact of closing current caused by asynchronous phases is very small.
The adjustment time of the contemporaneous closing, i.e. the predetermined time Δ T, is very short, without considering the signal sampling and transmission times, for example: when the value of delta f is 0.5Hz, the adjustment time of synchronous closing does not exceed 2 seconds at most; when the value of delta f is 0.2Hz, the adjustment time of synchronous closing does not exceed 5 seconds at most.
The technical scheme of the application is further defined by the following technical characteristics:
in step 2), if the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the reference frequency f of the gridrefSetting the target value of the output voltage frequency of the AC/DC conversion unit at the side of the microgrid group as fM＝fD- Δ f; if the voltage frequency f of the distribution network isDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefSetting the target value of the output voltage frequency of the AC/DC conversion unit at the side of the microgrid group as fM＝fD+ Δ f, where Δ f is the micro-grid group voltage frequency adjustment value, 0 is taken<Δf<0.5Hz。
In the step 3), if the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the micro-grid group side
The phase of the distribution network leads the phase of the micro-grid group side.
Voltage frequency f of distribution networkDExceeding the grid reference frequency frefThe predetermined time is set as shown in the formula (1),
voltage frequency f of distribution networkDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefThe predetermined time is set as shown in the formula (2),
if the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the micro-grid group side
The phase of the distribution network lags behind the phase of the micro-grid group side, and the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the grid reference frequency frefThe predetermined time is set as formula (1), and the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefThen, the predetermined time is set to equation (2).
Grid reference frequency frefEither 50Hz or 60 Hz. A plurality of intermittent power generation units and an energy storage device in the microgrid group are converged through a direct current bus and then connected with a plurality of AC/DC conversion units, and the direct current bus is connected with direct current loads of power consumers in the microgrid group.
As shown in fig. 1, AC output sides of a plurality of AC/DC conversion units are converged by an AC bus, and the AC bus side is connected to an AC load of a power consumer in a microgrid group and a power distribution network changeover switch.
In application, the control structure shown in fig. 2 is adopted, further, the communication bus is a CAN bus, an RS485 serial bus or an ethernet, and the microgrid group synchronous switch-on controller and the measurement and control device are connected to a GPS time tick signal and a second pulse signal for time synchronization, so that delay errors of sampling transmission time are avoided.
Furthermore, the synchronous switching-on controller of the micro-grid group is connected with the background server, receives a manual switching-on/switching-off instruction of the background server in an emergency state, and uploads off-grid/grid-connected operation data.
Furthermore, the energy storage device is a storage battery energy storage device, and the intermittent generation unit comprises a wind power generator unit, a wind power generation unit controller connected with the wind power generator unit, a photovoltaic generation unit and a photovoltaic generation unit controller connected with the photovoltaic generation unit.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make modifications or equivalents to the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments, and such modifications or equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A control method for synchronous closing and grid connection of a micro-grid group comprises a plurality of intermittent power generation units, an energy storage device and a plurality of AC/DC conversion units, wherein the AC/DC conversion units are connected in parallel and are connected with a power distribution network through one or more selector switches;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. respectively measuring the voltage amplitude, the voltage frequency and the voltage phase difference of the distribution network side and the microgrid group side by using a voltage transformer;
B. setting an output voltage frequency target value of the micro-grid group side AC/DC conversion unit based on the voltage frequency;
C. the communication bus sends broadcast messages to the AC/DC conversion unit;
D. after a preset time, the phase-locked loop outputs the voltage frequency along with the frequency and the phase of the power distribution network side;
E. the communication bus sends broadcast messages to the AC/DC conversion unit;
F. the synchronous switching-on controller of the micro-grid group sends a switching-on command;
the step B comprises the following steps:
if the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the reference frequency frefSetting the frequency target value of the output voltage of the micro-grid group side AC/DC conversion unit as fM＝fD-Δf；
If the voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDDoes not exceed the grid reference frequency frefSetting the frequency target value of the output voltage of the micro-grid group side AC/DC conversion unit as fM＝fD+Δf；
Wherein, 0< Δ f <0.5Hz, and Δ f is the voltage frequency adjustment value of the microgrid group;
in the step C,
the output voltage frequency of the AC/DC conversion unit is maintained at a target value for a predetermined time;
the preset time is determined by the voltage phase difference between the voltage on the power distribution network side and the voltage on the micro-grid group side;
if the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the micro-grid group side
The phase of the power distribution network lags behind the phase of the micro-grid group side;
if the voltage phase difference between the distribution network side and the micro-grid group side
The phase of the power distribution network is ahead of the phase of the micro-grid group side;
voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDExceeding the reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
Voltage frequency f of the distribution networkDWithout exceeding the reference frequency frefWhen the predetermined time is set to
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein in the step E,
and the amplitude of the output voltage of the alternating current side of the AC/DC conversion unit is equal to the amplitude of the voltage of the power distribution network side.
3. The control method according to claim 1, wherein in the step F,
and when the voltage crosses zero, the change-over switch is closed, the synchronous switch-on controller of the micro-grid group sends a switch-on command, and the micro-grid group and the power distribution network run in a grid-connected mode.
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