CN106026048B - A kind of DC grid troubleshooting strategy based on detection in-situ protection on the spot - Google Patents
A kind of DC grid troubleshooting strategy based on detection in-situ protection on the spot Download PDFInfo
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- CN106026048B CN106026048B CN201610561801.4A CN201610561801A CN106026048B CN 106026048 B CN106026048 B CN 106026048B CN 201610561801 A CN201610561801 A CN 201610561801A CN 106026048 B CN106026048 B CN 106026048B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on the DC grid troubleshooting strategy for detecting in-situ protection on the spot, and application scenario is the flexible direct current power grid of the hybrid high voltage DC breaker of outfit of being connected by overhead transmission line based on half-bridge submodule MMC transverters.When DC Line Fault occurs for certain circuit in DC grid, the breakers of circuit both sides need not be coordinated, according to the size of current of load-transfer switch voluntarily complete independently fault detect and trip operation is flowed through without relay protection system completion fault location between the two.Such troubleshooting strategy has high rapidity and selectivity, generally it can be completed in several milliseconds, it is very suitable for DC grid, the fault current levels for requiring dc circuit breaker to cut off can be substantially reduced, to reduce the cost of dc circuit breaker, the applicable foreground of flexible direct current power grid is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of power systems, and in particular to a kind of based on the DC grid for detecting in-situ protection on the spot
Troubleshooting strategy.
Background technology
With fossil energy increasingly depleted and improve environmental pressure increasingly increase, large-scale development and utilize new energy
It is imperative.In order to solve the problems, such as new-energy grid-connected and consumption, changed based on voltage source converter, especially modular multilevel
The flexible direct current electric power network technique of stream device (Modular Multilevel Converter, MMC) is increasingly becoming academic research
Hot spot.Flexible direct current power grid can make full use of the complementary characteristic of various energy resources and existing alternating current-direct current equipment for power transmission and distribution,
The distributing rationally of energy resources in realizing wide area on a large scale, the reliable of extensive new energy electric power are accessed and existing electric system
The promotion of operation stability, has broad application prospects.
DC Line Fault is an important factor for restricting flexible DC transmission technology development.Compared to AC system, straight-flow system
Damping it is relatively low, therefore its fault progression faster, control protection difficulty bigger.The mainstream thinking of engineering circles is to change at present
Stream station installs dc circuit breaker additional to handle DC Line Fault using the high half-bridge submodule of economy, while in DC side.
Compared to other types breaker, the hybrid circuit breaker based on conventional mechanical switch and power electronic devices is most
There is the foreground that large-scale commercial is applied.In November, 2012, ABB AB announce that it develops the hybrid high voltage direct current in first of the world
Breaker, switch off time 5ms, current breaking capacity are about 9kA.Its basic structure is as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, daily through-flow branch
It route supper-fast mechanical switch and electric current transfer switch is in series；Failure cutout branch routing main circuit breaker is constituted.Each section
Basic structure is as follows：
(1) main circuit breaker：It is connected in series by multiple switch unit, wherein each switch unit includes several forward and reverse
Concatenated IGBT and anti-paralleled diode, and it is equipped with independent arrester；To promote the connecting-disconnecting function of breaker, IGBT can be used
Parallel-connection structure.Main circuit breaker need to have two-way cutout abilities, and bear pole voltage-to-ground.
(2) electric current transfer switch：Concrete structure is similar with main circuit breaker, is connected in series by multiple switch unit, wherein often
A switch unit includes several forward and reverse concatenated IGBT and anti-paralleled diode.Since it need not bear higher electricity
Pressure, therefore the power electronic devices needed for it is less.Electric current transfer switch need to have two-way cutout abilities.
(3) supper-fast mechanical switch：It need to be with the ability of quick disconnecting circuit under zero current condition, in current research and development ability
Under, switch off time is 2ms or so.
However the economy of the breaker is larger by system failure detection time effects, and this is also to restrict this concept feasible
An important factor for property.General categories based on this breaker are the ways for continuing to use AC network, are first judged by relay protection system
It is out of order place, then by breaker isolated fault circuit.But this way is to the rapidity and selectivity of relay protection system
High requirement is proposed, fault location speed an order of magnitude faster than common AC line protection is required under general condition.Such as
The fault location speed of fruit DC grid rests in the fault location speed of point-to-point Traditional DC transmission of electricity, i.e., fault location when
Between in 10ms or so, it require that the fault current levels of dc circuit breaker cut-out will rise to very high level, make straight
The cost of stream breaker significantly rises.Its consequence is seriously to limit half-bridge submodule MMC to add this network forming of dc circuit breaker
The application of mode.
Invention content
For the above-mentioned technical problem present in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind to be based on detecting in-situ protection on the spot
DC grid troubleshooting strategy, can effectively be promoted net in dc circuit breaker response speed.
A kind of DC grid troubleshooting strategy based on detection in-situ protection on the spot, it is straight to be applied to the flexibility based on MMC
Transmission system is flowed, and the current conversion station in system uses true bi-polar arrangement mode, is installed between each current conversion station and DC power transmission line
Have a hybrid high voltage DC breaker, the hybrid high voltage DC breaker include main circuit breaker, electric current transfer switch and
Supper-fast mechanical switch；
The DC grid troubleshooting strategy includes transverter level and hybrid high voltage DC breaker level
Two aspect protections, wherein：
The protection of transverter level：Current detector is installed additional on each bridge arms of MMC, when any bridge arm current is more than threshold value
Iblock, then current conversion station where the MMC is latched at once；
The protection of hybrid high voltage DC breaker level：Install electric current inspection additional i.e. on electric current transfer switch and main circuit breaker
Device is surveyed, when the electric current for flowing into electric current transfer switch is more than threshold value Iopen, then action is cut-off to the application of electric current transfer switch at once；When
The completion of electric current transfer switch is cut-off, then the electric current for flowing through electric current transfer switch falls to 0, is applied at this time to supper-fast mechanical switch
Cut-off action；When supper-fast mechanical switch completion cut-off, if flow through at this time main circuit breaker electric current be more than threshold value Iopen, then at once
Action is cut-off to main circuit breaker application；If the electric current for flowing through main circuit breaker at this time is less than or equal to threshold value Iopen, then main open circuit is kept
The previous on off state of device, wouldn't act.
Connection type can be divided into radial pattern or reticular pattern etc. between each current conversion station in the system.
The threshold value IblockIt is set as 2 times of the used IGBT rated current of MMC submodules.
The threshold value IopenIt is set as 2 times that flow through hybrid high voltage DC breaker maximum current under normal circumstances.
It for the current conversion station being latched in fault treating procedure, should as early as possible be unlocked after fault clearance, restore normal operation
State, and by the control strategy operation before failure generation.
For the hybrid high voltage DC breaker of non-fault line both sides, if due to flowing through in fault treating procedure
Electric current is more than threshold value IopenAnd complete to cut-off action, it should in time be re-closed after confirming fault location.
In existing DC grid troubleshooting strategy, the actuating signal of breaker needs protective relaying device completing failure
It is sent out after positioning.For fault location time generally in 10ms or so, this makes dc circuit breaker need the fault current cut off at present
Very high level is risen to, the cost of dc circuit breaker is made significantly to increase.And under strategy proposed by the invention, circuit
The breaker complete independently fault detect of both sides and trip operation need not be coordinated between the two；Therefore troubleshooting plan of the present invention
Somewhat there are high rapidity and selectivity, generally can be completed in several ms, be very suitable for DC grid, can drop significantly
The low fault current levels for requiring dc circuit breaker to cut off, to reduce the cost of dc circuit breaker.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of hybrid high voltage DC breaker.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the hybrid high voltage DC breaker action policy of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of DC transmission system in present invention emulation example.
Fig. 4 is the current waveform schematic diagram that 8 dc circuit breakers are flowed through in present invention emulation example.
Fig. 5 (a) is dc circuit breaker B in present invention emulation example24High-speed disconnecting switch, main circuit breaker power device and
Current waveform schematic diagram in main circuit breaker arrester.
Fig. 5 (b) is dc circuit breaker B in present invention emulation example24High-speed disconnecting switch, main circuit breaker power device and
Voltage waveform view in main circuit breaker arrester.
Fig. 6 (a) is dc circuit breaker B in present invention emulation example42High-speed disconnecting switch, main circuit breaker power device and
Current waveform schematic diagram in main circuit breaker arrester.
Fig. 6 (b) is dc circuit breaker B in present invention emulation example42High-speed disconnecting switch, main circuit breaker power device and
Voltage waveform view in main circuit breaker arrester.
Fig. 7 (a) is the current waveform schematic diagram that current conversion station smoothing reactor is flowed through in present invention emulation example.
Fig. 7 (b) is the DC voltage waveform schematic diagram of change of current station port in present invention emulation example.
Fig. 7 (c) is current conversion station inside bridge arm current waveform schematic diagram in present invention emulation example.
Specific implementation mode
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation mode is to technical scheme of the present invention
And its relative theory is described in detail.
The present invention is based in the DC grid troubleshooting strategy of detection in-situ protection on the spot, the composition of DC grid is such as
Under：Modularization multi-level converter uses half-bridge submodule, DC line to be connected using overhead transmission line, and it is public that DC side is equipped with ABB
Take charge of the hybrid high voltage DC breaker proposed.In DC grid, each flexible direct current converter station uses true bi-polar arrangement mode, respectively
Connection type can be divided into radial pattern, reticular pattern etc. between current conversion station.
DC grid troubleshooting strategy of the present invention, including two aspects：
The first aspect is the protection of transverter level.Bridge arm current detection is installed additional in 6 bridge arms of MMC transverters
Device, detection flow through the size of the bridge arm current of the bridge arm.If it is dynamic that the bridge arm current of arbitrary bridge arm is more than the locking being manually set
Make threshold value Iblock, then the current conversion station be latched at once.The block action threshold value I of artificial settingsblockSubmodule is may be set to be used
2 times of rated current of IGBT.
The second aspect is the protection of hybrid high voltage DC breaker level.The structure of hybrid high voltage DC breaker
As shown in Figure 1.Direct current detector is installed additional on the electric current transfer switch of hybrid high voltage DC breaker, when flowing through direct current
The electric current I of circuit breaker current transfer switchLCSAction threshold value I is cut-off more than artificial settingsopenWhen, the electric current transfer switch is vertical
It carries out at quarter cut-offfing action, which is denoted as the t1 moment.What is be manually set cut-offs action threshold value IopenIt may be set under normal circumstances
2 times of the maximum current of current through line.T2 moment, the electric current for flowing through electric current transfer switch fall to 0, to supper-fast mechanical switch
It sends out and cut-offs signal.At the t3 moment, supper-fast mechanical switch, which is distributed into, cut-offs action, and detection flows through the electric current of main circuit breaker at this time
IMBIf still greater than Iopen, then main circuit breaker is sent out and cut-offs signal；If being less than Iopen, then main circuit breaker is standby, temporarily
It is failure to actuate, until electric current is more than IopenOr relay protection system sends action command；Detailed process is as shown in Figure 2.
Wherein, it for the current conversion station being latched in fault treating procedure, should as early as possible be unlocked after fault clearance, restore normal
Operating status, the control strategy operation before occurring according to failure.Hybrid high voltage direct current open circuit for non-fault line both sides
Device, if since the electric current for flowing through electric current transfer switch is complete more than the cut-offfing action threshold value of artificial settings in fault treating procedure
At action is cut-off, should in time be re-closed after confirming fault location.
Simulating, verifying is carried out using DC grid as shown in Figure 3 below.DC grid initial operating state such as 1 institute of table
Show.Wherein current conversion station 4 is run using constant voltage, remaining current conversion station, which is all made of, determines Power operation, the AC power of current conversion station 1,2,3
Respectively -200MW, -400MW and 200MW.
Table 1
Conventional measures --- fault treating procedure is dominated by relay protection system.The failure of investigation is current conversion station 2 and the change of current
Monopole ground short circuit occurs for the DC line stood between 4.If (t=0s) test system has been enter into steady-state operation when emulation starts.t
In positive DC switch B when=10ms24Monopole ground short circuit occurs for line side.Relay protection system completes failure when t=20ms
Positioning, dc circuit breaker B24And B42The action of electric current transfer switch, high-speed disconnecting switch is applied when t=20.25ms and disconnects letter
Number；High-speed disconnecting switch completion is cut-off when t=22.25ms, main circuit breaker action.
Strategy of the invention --- based on the fault treating procedure for detecting in-situ protection on the spot.For this test system, the change of current
The 1 and 3 submodule rated current of standing is 1.5kA, and the submodule rated current of current conversion station 2 and 4 is 3.0kA.Therefore, for the change of current
Stand 1 and 3, current conversion station is latched when group blocks current reaches 3.0kA；For current conversion station 2 and 4, group blocks current reaches 6.0kA
When current conversion station be latched.Maximum current in test system under all DC line normal running (operation) conditions is both less than 3.0kA, therefore works as
When flowing through the electric current of dc circuit breaker electric current transfer switch more than 6kA, which just acts, and it is disconnected to start the direct current
The whole process of road device action.
Monopole ground short circuit failure occurs for the DC line primarily looked between current conversion station 2 and current conversion station 4.If emulation starts
When (t=0s) test system have been enter into steady-state operation.In positive DC switch B when t=10ms24It is short that monopole ground connection occurs for line side
Road.Fig. 4 gives the current waveform for flowing through 8 dc circuit breakers, it can be seen that the breaker B of faulty line both sides24And B42
1.6ms and 8.8ms reaches its working value and acts after a failure respectively, in breaker B24And B42After action, other open circuits are flowed through
The electric current of device is begun to decline, thus other breakers will not act.
Fig. 5 gives mixed type dc circuit breaker B24Response characteristic；Fig. 6 gives mixed type dc circuit breaker B42's
Response characteristic；Fig. 7 gives the response characteristic of current conversion station.From fig. 5, it can be seen that the breaker B for short dot nearby24, electricity
Current value when flowing transfer switch action is 6.0kA, and electric current when main circuit breaker acts is 12.6kA, wink after main circuit breaker disconnects
Between the voltage that bears be 890.6kV, be 1.78 times of DC grid rated voltage.From fig. 6, it can be seen that at a distance for short dot
Breaker B42, current value when electric current transfer switch acts is 6.0kA, and electric current when main circuit breaker acts is 7.1kA, main disconnected
The voltage that moment bears after road device disconnects is 831.9kV, is 1.66 times of DC grid rated voltage.
From figure 7 it can be seen that for the current conversion station 2 and 1 closer from short dot, the electric current for flowing through smoothing reactor reaches respectively
To 6.6kA and 4.6kA, bridge arm current is less than 2 times of its rated current, and current conversion station 2 and 1 is without locking；B24And B42Master it is disconnected
Road device cut-offs moment the whole network overvoltage and reaches peak value, and wherein 3 exit potential of current conversion station reaches 1054.0kV, is more than its rated voltage
2 times.
For positive DC switch B24Monopole ground short circuit failure occurs for line side, and table 2 gives 2 kinds of troubleshooting strategies
Performance compare.
Table 2
| Classification | Strategy 1 | Strategy 2 |
| B24 electric current transfer switch actuation times/ms | 10ms | 11.6ms |
| B24 electric currents transfer switch action current/kA | 23.4kA | 6.0kA |
| B24 main circuit breakers action current/kA | 19.2kA | 12.6kA |
| The overvoltage multiple that moment bears after B24 main circuit breakers disconnect | 1.87 again | 1.78 again |
| B42 electric current transfer switch actuation times/ms | 10ms | 8.8ms |
| B42 electric currents transfer switch action current/kA | 5.5kA | 6.0kA |
| B42 main circuit breakers action current/kA | 6.5kA | 7.1kA |
| The overvoltage multiple that moment bears after B42 main circuit breakers disconnect | 1.65 again | 1.66 again |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of 1 smoothing reactor of current conversion station | 7.3kA | 4.6kA |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of 2 smoothing reactor of current conversion station | 14.3kA | 6.6kA |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of 3 smoothing reactor of current conversion station | 6.0kA | 2.1kA |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of 4 smoothing reactor of current conversion station | 7.0kA | 4.4kA |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of current conversion station Bridge 1 arm | 4.1kA | 1.9kA |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of current conversion station Bridge 2 arm | 7.4kA | 3.0kA |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of 3 bridge arm of current conversion station | 2.4kA | 1.0kA |
| Flow through current maxima/kA of 4 bridge arm of current conversion station | 4.6kA | 2.9kA |
As can be seen that in existing DC grid troubleshooting strategy, the actuating signal of breaker needs protective relaying device
It is sent out after completing fault location.For fault location time generally in 10ms or so, this makes dc circuit breaker need to cut off at present
Fault current rise to very high level, so that the cost of dc circuit breaker is significantly increased.And proposed by the invention
Under strategy, the breaker complete independently fault detect of circuit both sides and trip operation need not be coordinated between the two.Such failure
Processing strategy has high rapidity and selectivity, generally can be completed in several ms, is very suitable for DC grid, can be with
The fault current levels for requiring dc circuit breaker to cut off are substantially reduced, to reduce the cost of dc circuit breaker.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment can be understood and applied the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to above-described embodiment, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiment without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, the improvement made for the present invention and modification all should be in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of based on the DC grid troubleshooting strategy for detecting in-situ protection on the spot, it is applied to the flexible direct current based on MMC
Transmission system, and the current conversion station in system uses true bi-polar arrangement mode, is equipped between each current conversion station and DC power transmission line
Hybrid high voltage DC breaker, the hybrid high voltage DC breaker include main circuit breaker, electric current transfer switch and surpass
Fast mechanical switch；It is characterized in that：
The DC grid troubleshooting strategy includes two sides of transverter level and hybrid high voltage DC breaker level
Face is protected, wherein：
The protection of transverter level：Current detector is installed additional on each bridge arms of MMC, when any bridge arm current is more than threshold value
Iblock, then current conversion station where the MMC is latched at once；
The protection of hybrid high voltage DC breaker level：Current detecting is installed additional on electric current transfer switch and main circuit breaker
Device, when the electric current for flowing into electric current transfer switch is more than threshold value Iopen, then action is cut-off to the application of electric current transfer switch at once；Work as electricity
Stream transfer switch completion is cut-off, then the electric current for flowing through electric current transfer switch falls to 0, is opened at this time the application of supper-fast mechanical switch
Disconnected action；When supper-fast mechanical switch completion cut-off, if flow through at this time main circuit breaker electric current be more than threshold value Iopen, then right at once
Action is cut-off in main circuit breaker application；If the electric current for flowing through main circuit breaker at this time is less than or equal to threshold value Iopen, then main circuit breaker is kept
Previous on off state wouldn't act；
The threshold value IblockIt is set as 2 times of the used IGBT rated current of MMC submodules, the threshold value IopenIt is set as
2 times of hybrid high voltage DC breaker maximum current are flowed through under normal circumstances；
It for the current conversion station being latched in fault treating procedure, should as early as possible be unlocked after fault clearance, restore normal operating condition,
And the control strategy operation before occurring by failure；
For the hybrid high voltage DC breaker of non-fault line both sides, if the electric current in fault treating procedure due to flowing through
More than threshold value IopenAnd complete to cut-off action, it should in time be re-closed after confirming fault location.
2. DC grid troubleshooting strategy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the system each current conversion station it
Between connection type can be radial pattern or reticular pattern.
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| CN107706894B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2023-08-15 | 国家电网公司 | Monopole fault isolation system of true bipolar flexible direct current transmission project |
| CN109995002B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2022-09-13 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Device cooperation-based protection method and system for flexible direct current power grid |
| CN109713653B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-12-06 | 山东大学 | Auxiliary circuit of hybrid direct current breaker, and method and system for identifying fault property of multi-terminal flexible direct current power grid |
| CN110768233A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-07 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Combined high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker applicable to direct-current power grid and having power flow control function and control method thereof |
| CN111953221A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-17 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Modular multilevel converter and converter station |
| CN113783448A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-10 | 广州智光电气技术有限公司 | Improved topological structure of modular multilevel converter MMC and converter station |
| CN114217171B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-08-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Single-phase grounding fault detection method for converter valve side of flexible direct current transmission system |
| CN116581722B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-01-23 | 三峡电能有限公司 | Integrated device for power flow control and direct current breaking control and control method |
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| KR900008393B1 (en) * | 1986-10-02 | 1990-11-17 | 미츠비시 덴키 가부시키가이샤 | Over current protection circuit for inverter apparatus |
| CN103986342B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-08-24 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of power electronics inverter that can remove bi-directional failure electric current and control method |
| CN105048488B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-07-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flexible direct current network DC short trouble traversing method |
| CN205377272U (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-06 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Protection system of flexible direct current intelligence transmission & distribution electric wire netting |
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